新女性医学大系 29 胎児の成長・発達

出版社： 中山書店
著者：
発行日： 2002-01-31
分野： 臨床医学：外科  >  産婦人科学
ISBN： 9784521544212
電子書籍版： 2002-01-31 （第１版第１刷）
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本書は胎児の成長と成熟、すなわち卵子や精子がいかに“ヒト”になるかに焦点をあてた1冊である。 胎児が胎外で生活していくうえで必要な能力を獲得する過程、およびそこに異常を生じた場合の診断・治療法など、日常診療上、遭遇することの多い症例をとりあげて平易に解説している。

目次

  • 表紙
  • 執筆者一覧
  • 序
  • 目次
  • 総論
  • I 発生学
  • A. 受精卵
  • 1. 基礎的研究
  • a. 卵の発生
  • b. 精子の発生
  • c. 受精のメカニズム
  • 2. 臨床応用
  • a. 受精卵と生殖補助医療
  • b. 受精卵診断
  • c. 受精卵と分子生物学的研究・移植医療
  • B. 初期発生
  • 1. 胚盤胞と2層性胚盤の形成 (受精後第2週)
  • 2. 胚性幹細胞 (ES細胞)
  • 3. 胚内中胚葉の発生と3層性胚盤の形成 (受精後第3週)
  • 4. 原始線条と原始結節
  • 5. 体軸形成のメカニズム
  • 6. 体の非対称性を決定する遺伝子
  • 7. 体の前後軸の決定
  • 8. 背腹軸の決定
  • 9. 胚葉の分化
  • C. 器官の形成と分化
  • 1. 胚葉の分化
  • a. 外胚葉の分化
  • b. 中胚葉の分化
  • c. 内胚葉の分化
  • 2. 器官の形成
  • 3. 心・血管系
  • 4. 消化器系
  • 5. 呼吸器系
  • 6. 泌尿器系
  • 7. 生殖器系
  • 8. 神経系
  • D. 胎盤の発生―ゲノムインプリンティングの役割
  • 1. 発生, 分化におけるゲノムインプリンティングの役割
  • 2. インプリントを受ける遺伝子
  • 3. 系統立てたインプリント遺伝子の検索
  • 4. ゲノムインプリントとDNAのメチル化
  • 5. メチル化インプリントマーク
  • 6. 卵形成過程でのインプリントの確立
  • 7. 胚および胎盤発生におけるインプリントの意義
  • II 遺伝学
  • 1. 細胞遺伝学
  • 2. 分子遺伝学
  • 3. 遺伝子治療
  • III 診断学
  • A. 形態診断
  • 1. 超音波診断法
  • a. 経腟走査法
  • b. 経腹走査法
  • c. 3次元超音波法
  • 2. 妊娠初期
  • a. 妊娠4～5週
  • b. 妊娠6～8週
  • c. 妊娠9～14週
  • d. 多胎妊娠
  • 3. 妊娠中・後期
  • a. 胎児発育の評価
  • b. 胎児形態の評価
  • c. 胎児付属物
  • B. 機能診断
  • 1. 胎児心拍数モニタリング
  • 2. biophysical profile score (BPS)
  • 3. BPS変法
  • 4. 前期破水におけるBPS
  • 5. 羊水量計測
  • 6. 臍帯動脈血流速度波形分析
  • C. 生化学的診断
  • 1. 妊娠診断試薬
  • 2. 母体血清マーカー
  • 3. 胎児胎盤機能検査
  • 4. 先天性代謝異常症の羊水検査
  • 5. 胎児肺成熟度検査
  • 6. 胎児採血
  • a. 血液型不適合妊娠
  • b. 胎児well-beingの評価
  • 7. 早産マーカー
  • a. 癌胎児性フィブロネクチン
  • b. 好中球エラスターゼ
  • IV 治療学
  • 1. 胎児治療の歴史と分類
  • 2. 胎児治療の現状
  • a. 胎児の内科的治療法
  • b. 胎児の外科的治療法
  • 3. 胎児治療の問題点と展望
  • 胎児発育の制御機構とその障害
  • I 正常発育と標準値
  • 1. 胎児発育に関する用語
  • 2. 日本人の胎児発育曲線
  • 3. 妊娠中の胎児発育の評価法
  • 4. 多胎妊娠における胎児発育
  • II 胎児発育の分子機構
  • 1. 歴史的研究
  • 2. 形態形成にかかわる分子メカニズム
  • 3. 細胞増殖の調節にかかわる分子メカニズム
  • 4. 幹細胞の特性と個体発生への関与
  • 5. アポトーシスと胎児発育
  • 6. 染色体異常と胎児発育
  • III 胎児発育と成長因子
  • 1. 成長因子
  • 2. 胎児発育と成長因子
  • 3. インスリン様成長因子
  • a. 母体のIGF・BP系
  • b. 胎盤・脱落膜局所のIGF・BP系
  • c. 胎児のIGF・BP系
  • 4. 上皮増殖因子
  • IV 胎児発育と栄養・代謝
  • 1. 胎児消化器系の発達
  • 2. 胎児の栄養・代謝の特徴
  • 3. 胎児の発育と栄養・代謝
  • a. 糖代謝
  • b. 脂質代謝
  • c. タンパク質
  • d. 鉄および微量元素
  • e. ビタミン
  • 4. 胎児発育と栄養・代謝機構における関連制御物質
  • a. 上皮増殖因子
  • b. インスリン様増殖因子I
  • c. アデノシン
  • V 胎児発育と胎児胎盤循環
  • 1. 胎児発育
  • 2. 胎児発育に影響する因子
  • 3. 胎盤の胎児発育に対する影響
  • a. 胎盤の大きさ
  • b. 胎盤の形態異常
  • c. 胎盤梗塞
  • d. 胎盤の絨毛表面積
  • e. 絨毛の発育不全
  • f. 胎盤血管腫
  • g. その他
  • 4. 子宮胎盤循環の胎児発育に対する影響
  • 5. 臍帯の胎児発育に対する影響
  • a. 臍帯の付着異常
  • b. 単一臍帯動脈
  • VI 胎児発育と母子相関
  • 1. 概念
  • 2. 疫学
  • 3. 分類
  • 4. 病態生理
  • a. 機能的母子相関
  • b. 環境的母子相関
  • c. 遺伝的母子相関
  • 器官別にみた胎児の成長・発達とその障害
  • I 脳・神経系
  • A. 脳神経生理―神経回路形成と脳機能発達
  • 1. 神経回路の基本単位
  • 2. 神経細胞の発生
  • 3. 細胞の移動・分化
  • 4. 神経回路の形成
  • 5. 神経細胞死
  • 6. 細胞間連絡の選択的脱落
  • 7. 髄鞘化
  • B. 脳代謝と循環
  • 1. 胎児の脳発達
  • 2. 胎児脳のエネルギー代謝
  • 3. 低酸素下における酸素消費
  • 4. 胎児脳循環
  • 5. 仮死時における脳血流
  • C. 生体リズム
  • 1. 生体リズムの種類
  • 2. 胎児生体リズム発生の仕組み
  • 3. 胎児のbehavioral stateとそのリズム
  • a. ウルトラディアンリズム
  • b. サーカディアンリズム (概日リズム)
  • 4. 胎児の心拍変動のリズム
  • 5. 生体リズムの障害
  • D. 胎児行動
  • 1. 胎児行動の個体発生過程
  • a. 眼球運動パターンの推移
  • b. REM睡眠
  • c. non-REM睡眠
  • d. 覚醒状態
  • 2. 胎児中枢神経系機能異常の診断
  • a. 胎児中枢神経系機能異常のスクリーニング
  • E. 脳神経病理
  • 1. 新生児にみられる胎児期脳障害
  • 2. 脳形成過程に生じる脳形成障害
  • a. 神経細胞増殖期の異常
  • b. 神経細胞移動期の異常
  • c. その他の脳奇形
  • 3. 胎児期の低酸素性虚血性脳障害
  • a. 母体の異常による多嚢胞性脳軟化
  • b. 多胎妊娠に伴う脳軟化
  • c. 胎児期動脈性梗塞
  • d. 出生前脳室周囲白質軟化症
  • e. 水無脳症
  • f. 脳室上衣下嚢胞
  • 4. 胎児期の出血性脳障害
  • 5. その他
  • II 感覚器系
  • A. 視覚
  • 1. 眼球と付属器の発生
  • 2. 眼の発生に影響を与える因子
  • 3. 発生異常によって生じる異常症
  • 4. 遺伝性視覚障害
  • 5. 未熟児網膜症
  • 6. 胎児の神経機能発達
  • B. 聴覚
  • 1. 聴覚器の発生
  • 2. 聴覚の発達
  • 3. 聴覚器の発生異常
  • 4. 新生児期聴覚器疾患
  • III 代謝・内分泌系
  • A. 代謝系
  • 1. 胎児における水と電解質代謝
  • 2. 胎児と糖脂質代謝
  • a. 妊娠母体における糖脂質代謝の特徴
  • b. 胎児における糖代謝
  • c. 胎児における脂質代謝
  • d. 母体糖代謝異常と胎児糖脂質代謝
  • e. 胎内発育遅延児における糖脂質代謝
  • B. 内分泌系
  • 1. 下垂体
  • 2. 副腎
  • 3. 甲状腺
  • 4. 副甲状腺
  • 5. 膵臓
  • 6. 性腺
  • 7. 胎盤
  • 8. 内分泌攪乱化学物質
  • IV 免疫系
  • 1. 感染免疫
  • 2. 胎児免疫系の発達
  • a. 免疫機能の系統発生
  • b. 免疫機能の個体発生
  • 3. 胎児・新生児免疫能低下を補完する母体支援機構
  • V 血液・造血器系
  • 1. 発生
  • a. 胎齢に伴う造血部位の変遷
  • b. 胎齢に伴う造血幹細胞の変化
  • c. 胎齢に伴うHbの変化
  • d. 胎齢に伴うEpo産生の変化
  • 2. 障害
  • a. 赤血球系の異常
  • b. 白血球系の異常
  • c. 血小板の異常
  • d. 凝固・線溶系の異常
  • VI 呼吸器系
  • 1. 胎生期の呼吸器系の成長と発達
  • a. 形態学的発育
  • b. 機能的発達
  • c. 生化学的発達
  • 2. 胎生期の肺の発育の調節
  • a. 機械的因子
  • b. 上皮・間質相互作用
  • c. 液性因子
  • 3. 胎児肺の発育の異常
  • a. 成長の障害
  • b. 発達の障害
  • c. 成長と発達の不均衡
  • VII 心・血管系
  • A. 胎児胎盤循環
  • 1. 心臓の発生
  • 2. 心房の発生
  • a. 房室管の分割
  • b. 原始心房の分割
  • c. 静脈洞
  • 3. 心室の発生
  • a. 原始心室の分割
  • b. 心室壁
  • c. 心球と動脈幹の分割
  • d. 心臓の弁
  • e. 心臓の刺激伝導系の発生
  • 4. 胎児循環
  • 5. 出生後の循環
  • 6. 脈管系
  • a. 血液と血管
  • b. 動脈
  • c. 静脈
  • 7. 心・血管系の発生の異常
  • a. 心内膜隆起の形成の異常
  • b. 心房の形成異常
  • c. 心室の形成異常
  • d. 血管系の形成異常
  • B. 心機能
  • 1. 胎児心機能の特殊性
  • a. 心拍出量の調節
  • b. 心腔内血行動態の特殊性
  • c. 胎盤循環と心循環
  • 2. 胎児心機能不全の診断と治療
  • 3. 胎児不整脈の診断と治療
  • C. 胎児心拍制御機構
  • 1. 自律神経系の成長発達
  • a. 自律神経系の心拍コントロール
  • b. 自律神経系の組織学的発達
  • c. 機能的あるいは薬理学的にみた自律神経系機構
  • d. 数学的解析による自律神経系調節機構
  • 2. 胎児心拍数モニタリングにみる心拍変動
  • a. 心拍数細変動
  • b. 一過性頻脈
  • c. 一過性徐脈
  • VIII 消化器・泌尿器・生殖器系
  • 1. 消化器系
  • a. 内胚葉の発達
  • b. 消化器の発達とその異常
  • c. 腸管神経系の発達とその異常
  • 2. 泌尿・生殖器系
  • a. 泌尿器系の正常発達
  • b. 泌尿器系の発達異常
  • c. 生殖器系の正常発達
  • d. 生殖器系の発達異常
  • IX 運動器系
  • 1. 筋骨格系の発生
  • 2. 子宮内での胎児の成熟
  • 3. 筋骨格系の異常と神経筋疾患
  • a. 遺伝性骨形成異常症
  • b. 先天奇形
  • c. 変形
  • d. 神経筋疾患
  • 4. 胎児の自発運動
  • Glossary
  • 索引
  • 和文索引
  • 欧文索引
  • 奥付

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総論

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胎児発育の制御機構とその障害

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