アミノ酸の機能特性 ―ライフサイエンスにおける新しい波―

出版社： 建帛社
著者：
発行日： 2007-03-30
分野： 臨床医学：一般  >  栄養/食事/輸血
ISBN： 9784767961118
電子書籍版： 2007-03-30 （初版）
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アミノ酸の新たな機能やその発現機構に関する最新の研究の成果と応用、またゲノム科学の適用によるアミノ酸科学の新展開の可能性について論述。アミノ酸と からだの関係を新しい視点と手法から捉える。
アミノ酸機能研究の新展開　分岐鎖アミノ酸（ＢＣＡＡ）の代謝調節とサプリメントとしての有用性　ＢＣＡＡとタンパク質合成制御　含硫アミノ酸の機能特性　脳機能とセリン合成　ほか

目次

  • 表紙
  • 刊行にあたって
  • 目次
  • 序章 アミノ酸機能研究の新展開
  • 1. アミノ酸の認知度について
  • 2. 分岐鎖アミノ酸 (BCAA) について
  • 3. 含硫アミノ酸の機能について
  • 4. 非必須アミノ酸の機能について
  • 5. 非タンパク態アミノ酸の機能について
  • 6. ニュートリゲノミクスについて
  • 第1章 分岐鎖アミノ酸 (BCAA) の代謝調節とサプリメントとしての有用性
  • 1. はじめに
  • 2. BCAAの特徴と生理機能
  • (1) アミノ酸プール中のBCAA
  • (2) BCAAのアナボリック効果
  • 3. BCAA代謝
  • (1) BCAA代謝系
  • (2) BCAA代謝の臓器特異性
  • (3) ロイシンによるBCAA分解の調節
  • (4) BCKDH複合体とキナーゼに対する食餌タンパク質量の影響
  • (5) BCAA代謝に対するホルモンの影響
  • (6) 運動によるBCAA代謝の促進
  • (7) BCAA代謝と絶食
  • 4. 糖・脂肪酸代謝と分岐鎖アミノ酸代謝の関係
  • 5. 脳機能とBCAA
  • (1) グルタミン酸合成とその濃度調節のためのBCAA
  • (2) 運動による中枢性疲労とBCAA
  • (3) BCAA欠乏マウス
  • (4) 食欲に対するBCAAの影響
  • 6. 免疫機能とBCAA
  • (1) 感染症とBCAA
  • (2) 炎症とBCAA
  • 7. BCAAサプリメントの生理効果
  • (1) 運動による筋タンパク質分解および筋損傷に対するBCAAサプリメントの効果
  • (2) タンパク質サプリメントの効果とその摂取タイミング
  • 第2章 分岐鎖アミノ酸とタンパク質合成制御
  • 1. はじめに
  • 2. タンパク質合成の調節ポイント
  • (1) 遺伝子発現の翻訳レベルでの調節
  • (2) 翻訳開始の制御機構
  • 3. タンパク質合成調節因子としての分岐鎖アミノ酸の役割
  • (1) 分岐鎖アミノ酸投与とタンパク質合成制御
  • (2) ロイシンによるタンパク質合成制御
  • 4. グルコース代謝における分岐鎖アミノ酸の機能
  • (1) タンパク質合成とエネルギー
  • (2) 分岐鎖アミノ酸のグルコース代謝調節因子としての作用
  • 5. 栄養シグナル分子としてのバリン, ロイシン, イソロイシンの個性
  • 6. おわりに
  • 第3章 含硫アミノ酸の機能特性
  • 1. はじめに
  • 2. 含硫アミノ酸の代謝と過剰障害
  • (1) メチオニンの代謝
  • (2) 含硫アミノ酸の過剰障害
  • 3. 含硫アミノ酸と脂質代謝
  • (1) メチオニンと脂質代謝
  • (2) 脂質代謝に及ぼすエリタデニンの影響とメチオニン代謝
  • 4. 動脈硬化危険因子としてのホモシステイン
  • (1) ホモシステインに関する基本的な事柄
  • (2) 血漿ホモシステイン濃度と栄養・食事条件
  • 5. おわりに
  • 第4章 脳機能とセリン合成
  • 1. はじめに
  • 2. セリンはニューロンの必須アミノ酸
  • (1) グリア細胞のみが産生する神経栄養因子としてのセリン
  • (2) ニューロンはセリン合成酵素Phgdhを欠いている
  • (3) 神経幹細胞とセリン合成
  • 3. Phgdhノックアウトマウス
  • (1) Phgdh遺伝子ノックアウトマウスの作成
  • (2) Phgdhノックアウトマウスの表現型
  • 4. ヒト遺伝性セリン合成不全疾患
  • 5. 脳の発達と機能を支えるセリン代謝
  • (1) 神経幹細胞の増殖とニューロン / グリア細胞分化
  • (2) 神経回路網の形成
  • (3) 成熟神経回路網の制御と維持
  • (4) セリン代謝物による高次神経機能制御
  • 6. セリンが非必須アミノ酸なのに必須の理由があるか?
  • 7. アミノ酸の生理機能研究と遺伝子改変動物
  • 第5章 アミノ酸機能のニュートリゲノミクス解析
  • 1. ニュートリゲノミクスについて
  • 2. 各種オミクス解析と栄養・食品科学におけるその利用
  • 3. 食餌タンパク質の効果のトランスクリプトミクス解析
  • 4. アミノ酸とトランスクリプトミクス
  • 5. アミノ酸の効果のプロテオーム, メタボローム解析
  • 6. ニュートリゲノミクスの新しい対象
  • 7. 個人の遺伝子の特徴とテーラーメード栄養
  • 第6章 皮膚とアミノ酸
  • 1. はじめに
  • 2. 皮膚におけるアミノ酸の作用
  • (1) 角層への作用
  • (2) 真皮への作用
  • (3) 皮膚血流量への作用
  • 3. アミノ酸誘導体による皮膚老化の制御
  • (1) メラニン生成による色素沈着とその制御
  • (2) 炎症作用による光老化とその制御
  • (3) 酸化作用による光老化とその制御
  • 4. おわりに
  • 第7章 運動と分岐鎖アミノ酸
  • 1. はじめに
  • 2. 運動時のアミノ酸の体内動態
  • (1) アミノ酸の代謝
  • (2) BCAAの代謝
  • (3) BCAAの供給源
  • 3. 運動時のBCAA摂取に期待される生理作用
  • (1) 効果を期待するために必要な摂取量
  • (2) 筋タンパク質代謝に及ぼす効果
  • (3) 筋の損傷に及ぼす効果
  • (4) 筋痛および疲労感に及ぼす効果
  • (5) 運動パフォーマンスに及ぼす効果
  • (6) その他の期待される効果
  • 4. おわりに
  • 第8章 オルニチンの生理機能
  • 1. オルニチンとは
  • 2. オルニチン回路活性化
  • 3. 成長ホルモン増強作用
  • 4. 筋肉増強・萎縮抑制作用
  • 5. 肌質改善・抗疲労作用
  • 6. おわりに
  • 第9章 肝硬変・肝臓癌とアミノ酸
  • 1. はじめに
  • 2. わが国における肝硬変・肝臓癌の実態
  • 3. 肝硬変・肝臓癌の栄養障害とアミノ酸
  • 4. 肝硬変のアミノ酸療法 - 基礎的メカニズム
  • 5. 肝硬変のアミノ酸療法 - 臨床効果のエビデンス
  • 6. 肝硬変のアミノ酸療法 - 今後の期待
  • 7. おわりに
  • 第10章 外科侵襲とアルギニン, グルタミン
  • 1. 外科の進歩と栄養学
  • 2. 完全経静脈栄養の功績と問題点
  • 3. 免疫栄養法 : 新しい外科治療法の開発
  • 4. 外科と腸管免疫 : 経腸栄養の重要性
  • 5. TPNへのグルタミン添加が腸管免疫に及ぼす影響
  • 6. TPNへのアルギニン添加が腸管免疫に及ぼす影響
  • 7. 外科と腹腔内感染防御能 : 経腸栄養の重要性
  • TPNへのグルタミン・アルギニン添加が腸管免疫に及ぼす影響
  • 8. 外科と腸管虚血再灌流
  • (1) グルタミンの腸管虚血中投与
  • (2) アルギニンの腸管虚血中投与
  • 9. まとめ
  • 終章 今後の展開
  • 1. はじめに
  • 2. アミノ酸の必要量
  • 3. アミノ酸の上限設定 (安全性) の問題
  • 4. アミノ酸生命科学の新しい展開
  • 5. アミノ酸研究の更なる発展に向けて
  • 索引
  • 執筆者一覧
  • 奥付

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序章 アミノ酸機能研究の新展開

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第1章 分岐鎖アミノ酸 (BCAA) の代謝調節とサプリメントとしての有用性

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第2章 分岐鎖アミノ酸とタンパク質合成制御

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第3章 含硫アミノ酸の機能特性

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68) Selhub J.:Homocysteine metabolism. Annu Rev Nutr 1999;19;217-246.
 
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第4章 脳機能とセリン合成

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第5章 アミノ酸機能のニュートリゲノミクス解析

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第6章 皮膚とアミノ酸

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44) Thiele JJ., Traber M.G., Packer L.:Depletion of human stratum corneum vitamin E:An early and sensitive in vivo marker of UVe induced photo-oxidation. J Invest Dermatol 1998;110;756-761.
 
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第7章 運動と分岐鎖アミノ酸

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第8章 オルニチンの生理機能

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第9章 肝硬変・肝臓癌とアミノ酸

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第10章 外科侵襲とアルギニン, グルタミン

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終章 今後の展開

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