生存曲線で考える　血液内科外来診療

出版社： 中外医学社
著者：
発行日： 2022-10-20
分野： 臨床医学：内科  >  血液
ISBN： 9784498225367
電子書籍版： 2022-10-20 （1版1刷）
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これまで感覚的に行うことの多かった様々な血液疾患の外来治療・経過観察のポイントを「生存曲線」というデータに基づき，まだ経験の少ない血液内科の医師，また専門ではないが経過観察を行う必要のある他科の医師にもわかりやすく解説．外来診療という短い診療時間で最適な医療を行うための必読書．

目次

  • 1　急性骨髄性白血病（予後良好群）（CBF白血病，high dose AraC）
    　　大量シタラビン療法
    　　予後不良因子
    　　微小残存病変

    2　急性骨髄性白血病（中間リスク）
    　　中間リスク群の生存曲線
    　　中間リスクの予後不良群

    3　急性骨髄性白血病（高リスク）
    　　予後不良群の生存曲線
    　　ELN2017における再発率

    4　高齢者AMLに対するアザシチジン
    　　高齢者AMLに対するアザシチジン

    5　ベネトクラクス併用化学療法
    　　ベネトクラクス併用化学療法のスケジュールと背景・寛解率
    　　有害事象
    　　生存曲線

    6　CAG療法・AVG療法
    　　CAG療法
    　　AVG療法

    7　FLT3阻害薬
    　　ギルテリチニブ
    　　キザルチニブ

    8　Ph陰性急性リンパ性白血病（16〜24歳）
    　　若年者Ph陰性ALL
    　　高リスク・標準リスク

    9　Ph陰性急性リンパ性白血病（25〜65歳）
    　　Ph陰性ALL
    　　維持療法の重要性

    10　Ph陽性急性リンパ性白血病（Dasa＋BFM骨格）
    　　Dasatinib＋BFM骨格
    　　再発リスクとMRD

    11　Ph陽性急性リンパ性白血病（Dasatinib＋HyperCVAD/HD-MTX-AraC）
    　　Dasatinib＋hyperCVAD
    　　非移植群（維持療法群）

    12　Ph陽性急性リンパ性白血病（Dasatinib＋PSL）
    　　Dasatinib＋PSL
    　　再発患者とT315I

    13　ブリナツモマブ
    　　ブリナツモマブ
    　　移植へのブリッジング

    14　イノツズマブ オゾガマイシン
    　　イノツズマブ オゾガマイシン
    　　移植へのブリッジング

    15　急性前骨髄球性白血病（ATRA＋Chemo）
    　　ATRA＋Chemotherapy

    16　急性前骨髄球性白血病（ATRA＋ATO）
    　　ATRA＋ATO
    　　高リスク群

    17　濾胞性リンパ腫（R-CHOP療法）
    　　R-CHOP，FLIPI2
    　　治療後の評価
    　　治療反応性（早期再発）

    18　濾胞性リンパ腫（R-B療法）
    　　R-B療法
    　　R-B後早期再発

    19　濾胞性リンパ腫（リツキシマブ単剤・無治療経過観察）
    　　リツキシマブ単剤/watch and wait
    　　R単剤，R維持療法

    20　濾胞性リンパ腫（リツキシマブ─レナリドミド）
    　　R2療法
    　　R2療法のメリット

    21　濾胞性リンパ腫（Obinutuzumab：G-B, G-CHOP）
    　　Obinutuzumab（初発；GALLIUM試験）
    　　リツキシマブ後，obinutuzumab

    22　原発性マクログロブリン血症
    　　IPSS WM，Revised IPSS WM
    　　LPL/WM に対するR-B療法
    　　LPL/WM に対するボルテゾミブ

    23　MALTリンパ腫（gastric and non-gastric）
    　　MALTリンパ腫
    　　MALTリンパ腫の早期再発

    24　びまん性大細胞型B細胞リンパ腫（R-CHOP療法）
    　　DLBCLの予後評価
    　　NCCN-IPI
    　　R-mini-CHOP療法

    25　再発難治DLBCLに対する救援化学療法
    　　R-ESHAP療法
    　　R-DHAP，R-ICE療法
    　　CHASER療法
    　　R-GDP療法
    　　その他の救援療法
    　　ポラツズマブ ベドチン

    26　マントル細胞リンパ腫（若年者）
    　　MIPI
    　　HyperCVAD/HD-MTX-AraC療法
    　　R-CHOP/R-DHAP交代療法

    27　マントル細胞リンパ腫（高齢者・救援化学療法）
    　　マントル細胞リンパ腫に対するR-B療法
    　　VR-CAP療法
    　　再発難治マントル細胞リンパ腫に対するイブルチニブ

    28　バーキットリンパ腫
    　　バーキットリンパ腫に対するR-HyperCVAD/HD-MTX-AraC療法
    　　R-CODOX-M/IVAC療法
    　　バーキットリンパ腫に対するDA-R-EPOCH療法

    29　High Grade B cell lymphoma（ダブルヒットリンパ腫）
    　　ダブルエクスプレッサー・ダブルヒットリンパ腫
    　　ダブルエクスプレッサー
    　　ダブルヒットリンパ腫

    30　末梢性T細胞リンパ腫
    　　PIT score
    　　CHOEP療法

    31　末梢性T細胞リンパ腫（A-CHP療法）
    　　A-CHP療法

    32　末梢性T細胞リンパ腫（新規薬剤）
    　　ロミデプシン
    　　プララトレキサート
    　　ブレンツキシマブ ベドチン
    　　モガムリズマブ
    　　フォロデシン

    33　ホジキンリンパ腫（ABVD，A-AVD療法）
    　　ABVD療法，IPS
    　　A-AVD療法

    34　成人T細胞白血病リンパ腫
    　　ATLLの生存期間
    　　VCAP-AMP-VECP療法
    　　移植前治療

    35　再発・難治ATLL
    　　モガムリズマブ
    　　レナリドミド
    　　ツシジノスタット

    36　慢性リンパ性白血病
    　　初発CLLに対するFCR/イブルチニブ
    　　再発難治CLLに対するイブルチニブ
    　　アカラブルチニブ
    　　再発難治CLLに対するベネトクラクス

    37　多発性骨髄腫（初発・移植適応）
    　　寛解導入療法
    　　移植前の寛解レベル
    　　VRD induction → 自家移植
    　　VCD → 自家移植

    38　多発性骨髄腫（初発・移植非適応）
    　　DLd療法
    　　レナリドミド＋低用量デキサメサゾン
    　　Dara-VMP療法
    　　高齢者に対するボルテゾミブベースの治療
    　　VRd療法（移植なし）
    　　自家移植の適応年齢は？

    39　ボルテゾミブ耐性骨髄腫の治療
    　　IRd療法
    　　DLd療法
    　　DKd，Kd療法
    　　Kd療法
    　　ELd療法
    　　KRd療法

    40　レナリドミド耐性骨髄腫の治療
    　　PVd療法
    　　PAN-Bd療法
    　　Kd，Bd療法
    　　Pd療法

    41　ボルテゾミブ・レナリドミド耐性骨髄腫の治療
    　　Kd療法
    　　ダラツムマブ単剤
    　　DKd療法
    　　Pd療法
    　　PCd療法
    　　EPd療法
    　　Isa-Pd療法

    42　多発性骨髄腫・維持療法
    　　自家移植後 → R維持療法
    　　自家移植後 → イキサゾミブ維持療法
    　　自家移植後 → ボルテゾミブ維持療法
    　　移植非適応，イキサゾミブ維持療法

    43　骨髄異形成症候群（低リスク）
    　　IPSS-R
    　　免疫抑制療法
    　　5q−症候群
    　　ダルベポエチンα
    　　その他

    44　骨髄異形成症候群（高リスク）
    　　アザシチジン
    　　実臨床データ
    　　アザシチジン無効後

    45　慢性骨髄性白血病
    　　イマチニブ
    　　ダサチニブ
    　　ニロチニブ
    　　ボスチニブ

    46　骨髄増殖性腫瘍
    　　真性赤血球増加症
    　　本態性血小板血症
    　　原発性骨髄線維症

    47　骨髄異形成症候群/骨髄増殖性腫瘍
    　　CMML
    　　aCML
    　　MDS/MPN-U

    48　再生不良性貧血
    　　血縁者間同種造血幹細胞移植
    　　非血縁者間同種造血幹細胞移植
    　　免疫抑制療法
    　　60歳以上
    　　初回免疫抑制療法　no-responder

    49　溶血性貧血
    　　自己免疫性溶血性貧血
    　　AIHAの寛解率
    　　血栓性血小板減少性紫斑病

    50　特発性（免疫性）血小板減少性紫斑病・後天性血友病
    　　特発性（免疫性）血小板減少性紫斑病
    　　後天性血友病

この書籍の参考文献

参考文献のリンクは、リンク先の都合等により正しく表示されない場合がありますので、あらかじめご了承下さい。

本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

1 急性骨髄性白血病 ( 予後良好群 ) ( CBF白血病, high dose AraC )

P.5 掲載の参考文献
1) Rucker FG, Agrawal M, Corbacioglu A, et al. Measurable residual disease monitoring in acute myeloid leukemia with t (8 ; 21) (q22 ; q22.1) : results from the AML Study Group. Blood. 2019 ; 134 : 1608-18.
 
2) Miyawaki S, Ohtake S, Fujisawa S, et al. A randomized comparison of 4 courses of standard-dose multiagent chemotherapy versus 3 courses of high-dose cytarabine alone in postremission therapy for acute myeloid leukemia in adults : the JALSG AML201 Study. Blood. 2011 ; 117 : 2366-72.
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3) Miyamoto T, Weissman IL, Akashiet K. AML1/ETO-expressing nonleukemic stem cells in acute myelogenous leukemia with 8 ; 21 chromosomal translocation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 ; 97 : 7521-6.
 
4) Yin JA, O'Brien MA, Hills RK, et al. Minimal residual disease monitoring by quantitative RT-PCR in core binding factor AML allows risk stratification and predicts relapse : results of the United Kingdom MRC AML-15 trial. Blood. 2012 ; 120 : 2826-35.
 
5) Iriyama N, Hatta Y, Takeuchi J, et al. CD56 expression is an independent prognostic factor for relapse in acute myeloid leukemia with t (8 ; 21). Leuk Res. 2013 ; 37 : 1021-6.
 
6) Ishikawa Y, Kawashima N, Atsuta Y, et al. Prospective evaluation of prognostic impact of KIT mutations on acute myeloid leukemia with RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and CBFB-MYH11. Blood Adv. 2020 ; 4 : 66-75.
PubMed

2 急性骨髄性白血病 ( 中間リスク )

P.9 掲載の参考文献
1) Miyawaki S, Ohtake S, Fujisawa S, et al. A randomized comparison of 4 courses of standard-dose multiagent chemotherapy versus 3 courses of high-dose cytarabine alone in postremission therapy for acute myeloid leukemia in adults : the JALSG AML201 Study. Blood. 2011 ; 117 : 2366-72.
PubMed
2) Harada Y, Nagata Y, Kihara R, et al. Prognostic analysis according to the 2017 ELN risk stratification by genetics in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients treated in the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group (JALSG) AML201 study. Leuk Res. 2018 ; 66 : 20-7.
 
3) Dohner H, Estey E, Grimwade D, et al. Diagnosis and management of AML in adults : 2017 ELN recommendations from an international expert panel. Blood. 2017 ; 129 : 424-47.
 

3 急性骨髄性白血病 ( 高リスク )

P.12 掲載の参考文献
1) Miyawaki S, Ohtake S, Fujisawa S, et al. A randomized comparison of 4 courses of standard-dose multiagent chemotherapy versus 3 courses of high-dose cytarabine alone in postremission therapy for acute myeloid leukemia in adults : the JALSG AML201 Study. Blood. 2011 ; 117 : 2366-72.
PubMed
2) Loke J, Malladi R, Moss P, et al. The role of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in the management of acute myeloid leukaemia : a triumph of hope and experience. Br J Haematol. 2020 ; 188 : 129-46.
PubMed
3) Dohner H, Estey E, Grimwade D, et al. Diagnosis and management of AML in adults : 2017 ELN recommendations from an international expert panel. Blood. 2017 ; 129 : 424-47.
 
4) Harada Y, Nagata Y, Kihara R, et al ; Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group JALSG. Prognostic analysis according to the 2017 ELN risk stratification by genetics in 3 adult acute myeloid leukemia patients treated in the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group (JALSG) AML201 study. Leuk Res. 2018 ; 66 : 20-7.
 
5) Herold T, Rothenberg-Thurley M, Grunwald VV, et al. Validation and refinement of the revised 2017 European LeukemiaNet genetic risk stratification of acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2020 ; 34 : 3161-72.
PubMed

4 高齢者AMLに対するアザシチジン

P.16 掲載の参考文献
1) Dombret H, Seymour JF, Butrym A, et al. International phase 3 study of azacitidine vs conventional care regimens in older patients with newly diagnosed AML with > 30% blasts. Blood. 2015 ; 126 : 291-9.
PubMed
2) DiNardo CD, Jonas BA, Pullarkat V, et al. Azacitidine and venetoclax in previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2020 ; 383 : 617-29.
PubMed
3) Pleyer L, Burgstaller S, Stauder R, et al. Azacitidine front-line in 339 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukaemia : comparison of French-American-British and World Health Organization classifications. J Hematol Oncol. 2016 ; 9 : 39.
PubMed

5 ベネトクラクス併用化学療法

P.20 掲載の参考文献
1) DiNardo CD, Jonas BA, Pullarkat V, et al. Azacitidine and venetoclax in previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2020 ; 383 : 617-29.
PubMed
2) Wei AH, Montesinos P, Ivanov V, et al. Venetoclax plus LDAC for newly diagnosed AML ineligible for intensive chemotherapy : a phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled trial. Blood. 2020 ; 135 : 2137-45.
PubMed

6 CAG療法・AVG療法

P.23 掲載の参考文献
1) Minakata D, Fujiwara S, Ito S, et al. A low-dose cytarabine, aclarubicin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor priming regimen versus a daunorubicin plus cytarabine regimen as induction therapy for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia : a propensity score analysis. Leuk Res. 2016 ; 42 : 82-7.
PubMed
2) Wei G, Ni W, Chiao JW, et al. A meta-analysis of CAG (cytarabine, aclarubicin, G-CSF) regimen for the treatment of 1029 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. J Hematol Oncol. 2011 ; 4 : 46.
PubMed
3) Kanemura N, Tsurumi H, Kasahara S, et al. Continuous drip infusion of low dose cytarabine and etoposide with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukaemia ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. Hematol Oncol. 2008 ; 26 : 33-8.
PubMed
4) Shin SH, Cho BS, Park SS, et al. Comparison of the modified low-dose cytarabine and etoposide with decitabine therapy for elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy. Oncotarget. 2017 ; 9 : 5823-33.
PubMed

7 FLT3阻害薬

P.26 掲載の参考文献
1) Perl AE, Martinelli G, Cortes JE, et al. Gilteritinib or chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML. N Engl J Med. 2019 ; 381 : 1728-40.
 
2) Cortes J, Perl AE, Dohner H, et al. Quizartinib, an FLT3 inhibitor, as monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukaemia : an open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2018 ; 19 : 889-903.
PubMed
3) Cortes JE, Khaled S, Martinelli G, et al. Quizartinib versus salvage chemotherapy in relapsed or refractory FLT3-ITD acute myeloid leukaemia (QuANTUM-R) : a multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019 ; 20 : 984-97.
 

8 Ph陰性急性リンパ性白血病 ( 16～24歳 )

P.28 掲載の参考文献
1) Hayakawa F, Sakura T, Yujiri T, et al. Markedly improved outcomes and acceptable toxicity in adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia following treatment with a pediatric protocol : a phase II study by the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group. Blood Cancer J. 2014 ; 4 : e252
 

9 Ph陰性急性リンパ性白血病 ( 25～65歳 )

P.30 掲載の参考文献
1) Sakura T, Hayakawa F, Sugiura I, et al. High-dose methotrexate therapy significantly improved survival of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia : a phase III study by JALSG. Leukemia. 2018 ; 32 : 626-32.
PubMed
2) Gokbuget N, Kneba M, Raff T, et al ; German Multicenter Study Group for Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and molecular failure display a poor prognosis and are candidates for stem cell transplantation and targeted therapies. Blood. 2012 ; 120 : 1868-76.
 

10 Ph陽性急性リンパ性白血病 ( Dasa + BFM骨格 )

P.33 掲載の参考文献
1) Sugiura I, Doki N, Hata T, et al. Dasatinib-based 2-step induction for adults with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood Adv. 2022 ; 6 : 624-36.
PubMed

11 Ph陽性急性リンパ性白血病 ( Dasatinib + HyperCVAD / HD - MTX - AraC )

P.36 掲載の参考文献
1) Ravandi F, Othus M, O'Brien SM, et al. US Intergroup Study of chemotherapy plus dasatinib and allogeneic stem cell transplant in Philadelphia chromosome positive ALL. Blood Adv. 2016 ; 1 : 250-9.
 
2) Ravandi F, O'Brien SM, Cortes JE, et al. Long-term follow-up of a phase 2 study of chemotherapy plus dasatinib for the initial treatment of patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer. 2015 ; 121 : 4158-64.
PubMed

12 Ph陽性急性リンパ性白血病 ( Dasatinib + PSL )

P.38 掲載の参考文献
1) Foa R, Vitale A, Vignetti M, et al. Dasatinib as first-line treatment for adult patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2011 ; 118 : 6521-8.
PubMed

13 ブリナツモマブ

P.41 掲載の参考文献
1) Kantarjian H, Stein A, Gokbuget N, et al. Blinatumomab versus chemotherapy for advanced acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2017 ; 376 : 836-47.
PubMed

14 イノツズマブ オゾガマイシン

P.44 掲載の参考文献
1) Kantarjian HM, DeAngelo DJ, Stelljes M, et al. Inotuzumab ozogamicin versus standard of care in relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia : final report and long-term survival follow-up from the randomized, phase 3 INO-VATE study. Cancer. 2019 ; 125 : 2474-87.
 
2) Kantarjian HM, DeAngelo DJ, Stelljes M, et al. Inotuzumab ozogamicin versus standard therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2016 ; 375 : 740-53.
PubMed

15 急性前骨髄球性白血病 ( ATRA + Chemo )

P.46 掲載の参考文献
1) Shinagawa K, Yanada M, Sakura T, et al. Tamibarotene as maintenance therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia : results from a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2014 ; 32 : 3729-35.
PubMed

16 急性前骨髄球性白血病 ( ATRA + ATO )

P.49 掲載の参考文献
1) Lo-Coco F, Avvisati G, Vignetti M, et al. Retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide for acute promyelocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2013 ; 369 : 111-21.
PubMed
2) Osman AEG, Anderson J, Churpek JE, et al. Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia in adults. J Oncol Pract. 2018 ; 14 : 649-57.
PubMed
3) Lancet JE, Moseley AB, Coutre SE, et al. A phase 2 study of ATRA, arsenic trioxide, and gemtuzumab ozogamicin in patients with high-risk APL (SWOG 0535). Blood Adv. 2020 ; 4 : 1683-9.
PubMed
4) Yilmaz M, Kantarjian H, Ravandi F. Acute promyelocytic leukemia current treatment algorithms. Blood Cancer Journal volume 11, Article number : 123 (2021)
 

17 濾胞性リンパ腫 ( R - CHOP療法 )

P.52 掲載の参考文献
1) Federico M, Bellei M, Marcheselli L, et al. Follicular lymphoma international prognostic index 2 : a new prognostic index for follicular lymphoma developed by the international follicular lymphoma prognostic factor project. J Clin Oncol. 2009 ; 27 : 4555-62.
PubMed
2) Trotman J, Fournier M, Lamy T, et al. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) after induction therapy is highly predictive of patient outcome in follicular lymphoma : analysis of PET-CT in a subset of PRIMA trial participants. J Clin Oncol. 2011 ; 29 : 3194-200.
 
3) Casulo C, Byrtek M, Dawson KL, et al. Early relapse of follicular lymphoma after rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone defines patients at high risk for death : an analysis from the national lymphocare study. J Clin Oncol. 2015 ; 33 : 2516-22.
PubMed

18 濾胞性リンパ腫 ( R - B療法 )

P.55 掲載の参考文献
1) Rummel MJ, Niederle N, Maschmeyer G, et al. Bendamustine plus rituximab versus CHOP plus rituximab as first-line treatment for patients with indolent and mantle-cell lymphomas : an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2013 ; 381 : 1203-10.
PubMed
2) Freeman CL, Kridel R, Moccia AA, et al. Early progression after bendamustine-rituximab is associated with high risk of transformation in advanced stage follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2019 ; 134 : 761-4.
PubMed
3) Hill BT, Nastoupil L, Winter AM, et al. Maintenance rituximab or observation after frontline treatment with bendamustine-rituximab for follicular lymphoma. Br J Haematol. 2019 ; 184 : 524-35.
PubMed

19 濾胞性リンパ腫 ( リツキシマブ単剤・無治療経過観察 )

P.58 掲載の参考文献
1) Ardeshna KM, Qian W, Smith P, et al. Rituximab versus a watch-and-wait approach in patients with advanced-stage, asymptomatic, non-bulky follicular lymphoma : an open-label randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014 ; 15 : 424-35.
PubMed

20 濾胞性リンパ腫 ( リツキシマブ - レナリドミド )

P.60 掲載の参考文献
1) Leonard JP, Trneny M, Izutsu K, et al. AUGMENT : a phase III study of lenalidomide plus rituximab versus placebo plus rituximab in relapsed or refractory indolent lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2019 ; 37 : 1188-99.
PubMed

21 濾胞性リンパ腫 ( Obinutuzumab : G - B, G - CHOP )

P.63 掲載の参考文献
1) Marcus R, Davies A, Ando K, et al. Obinutuzumab for the first-line treatment of follicular lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017 ; 377 : 1331-44.
PubMed
2) Hiddemann W, Barbui AM, Canales MA, et al. Immunochemotherapy with obinutuzumab or rituximab for previously untreated follicular lymphoma in the gallium study : influence of chemotherapy on efficacy and safety. J Clin Oncol. 2018 ; 36 : 2395-404.
PubMed
3) Sehn LH, Chua N, Mayer J, et al. Obinutuzumab plus bendamustine versus bendamustine monotherapy in patients with rituximab-refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (GADOLIN) : a randomised, controlled, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2016 ; 17 : 1081-93.
PubMed
4) Pott C, Sehn LH, Belada D, et al. MRD response in relapsed/refractory FL after obinutuzumab plus bendamustine or bendamustine alone in the GADOLIN trial. Leukemia. 2020 ; 34 : 522-32.
PubMed

22 原発性マクログロブリン血症

P.66 掲載の参考文献
1) Morel P, Duhamel A, Gobbi P, et al. International prognostic scoring system for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood. 2009 ; 113 : 4163-70.
PubMed
2) Kastritis E, Morel P, Duhamel A, et al. A revised international prognostic score system for Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. Leukemia. 2019 ; 33 : 2654-61.
 
3) Rummel MJ, Niederle N, Maschmeyer G, et al. Bendamustine plus rituximab versus CHOP plus rituximab as first-line treatment for patients with indolent and mantle-cell lymphomas : an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2013 ; 381 : 1203-10.
PubMed
4) Dimopoulos MA, Garcia-Sanz R, Gavriatopoulou M, et al. Primary therapy of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) with weekly bortezomib, low-dose dexamethasone, and rituximab (BDR) : long-term results of a phase 2 study of the European Myeloma Network (EMN). Blood. 2013 ; 122 : 3276-82.
PubMed
5) Ghobrial IM, Hong F, Padmanabhan S, et al. Phase II trial of weekly bortezomib in combination with rituximab in relapsed or relapsed and refractory Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. J Clin Oncol. 2010 ; 28 : 1422-8.
PubMed
6) Treon SP, Ioakimidis L, Soumerai JD, et al. Primary therapy of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia with bortezomib, dexamethasone, and rituximab : WMCTG clinical trial 05-180. J Clin Oncol. 2009 ; 27 : 3830-5.
PubMed

23 MALTリンパ腫 ( gastric and non - gastric )

P.69 掲載の参考文献
1) Ueda K, Terui Y, Yokoyama M, et al. Non-gastric advanced mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma has worse prognosis than gastric MALT lymphoma even when treated with rituximab-containing chemotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma. 2013 ; 54 : 1928-33.
PubMed
2) Conconi A, Thieblemont C, Cascione L, et al. Early progression of disease predicts shorter survival in MALT lymphoma patients receiving systemic treatment. Haematologica. 2020 ; 105 : 2592-7.
PubMed

24 びまん性大細胞型B細胞リンパ腫 ( R - CHOP療法 )

P.72 掲載の参考文献
1) Sehn LH, Berry B, Chhanabhai M, et al. The revised International Prognostic Index (R-IPI) is a better predictor of outcome than the standard IPI for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP. Blood. 2007 ; 109 : 1857-61.
 
2) Zhou Z, Sehn LH, Rademaker AW, et al. An enhanced International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI) for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the rituximab era. Blood. 2014 ; 123 : 837-42.
PubMed
3) Peyrade F, Jardin F, Thieblemont C, et al. Attenuated immunochemotherapy regimen (R-miniCHOP) in elderly patients older than 80 years with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma : a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2011 ; 12 : 460-8.
PubMed

25 再発難治DLBCL に対する救援化学療法

P.79 掲載の参考文献
1) Sehn LH, Salles G. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2021 ; 384 : 842-58.
PubMed
2) Martin A, Conde E, Arnan M, et al. R-ESHAP as salvage therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma : the influence of prior exposure to rituximab on outcome. A GEL/TAMO study. Haematologica. 2008 ; 93 : 1829-36.
PubMed
3) Gisselbrecht C, Glass B, Mounier N, et al. Salvage regimens with autologous transplantation for relapsed large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era. J Clin Oncol. 2010 ; 28 : 4184-90.
 
4) Thieblemont C, Briere J, Mounier N, et al. The germinal center/activated B-cell subclassification has a prognostic impact for response to salvage therapy in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma : a bio-CORAL study. J Clin Oncol. 2011 ; 29 : 4079-87.
 
5) Oki Y, Ogura M, Kato H, et al. Phase II study of a salvage regimen using cyclophosphamide, high-dose cytarabine, dexamethasone, etoposide, and rituximab in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cancer Sci. 2008 ; 99 : 179-84.
PubMed
6) Crump M, Kuruvilla J, Couban S, et al. Randomized comparison of gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin versus dexamethasone, cytarabine, and cisplatin chemotherapy before autologous stem-cell transplantation for relapsed and refractory aggressive lymphomas : NCIC-CTG LY.12. J Clin Oncol. 2014 ; 32 : 3490-6.
PubMed
7) Sehn LH, Herrera AF, Flowers CR, et al. Polatuzumab vedotin in relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2020 ; 38 : 155-65.
 

26 マントル細胞リンパ腫 ( 若年者 )

P.82 掲載の参考文献
1) Hoster E, Klapper W, Hermine O, et al. Confirmation of the mantle-cell lymphoma International Prognostic Index in randomized trials of the European Mantle-Cell Lymphoma Network. J Clin Oncol. 2014 ; 32 : 1338-46.
PubMed
2) Chihara D, Cheah CY, Westin JR, et al. Rituximab plus hyper-CVAD alternating with MTX/Ara-C in patients with newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma : 15-year follow-up of a phase II study from the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Br J Haematol. 2016 ; 172 : 80-8.
 
3) Mato AR, Svoboda J, Feldman T, et al. Post-treatment (not interim) positron 26 emission tomography-computed tomography scan status is highly predictive of outcome in mantle cell lymphoma patients treated with R-HyperCVAD. Cancer. 2012 ; 118 : 3565-70.
 
4) Delarue R, Haioun C, Ribrag V, et al. CHOP and DHAP plus rituximab followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in mantle cell lymphoma : a phase 2 study from the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte. Blood. 2013 ; 121 : 48-53.
 

27 マントル細胞リンパ腫 ( 高齢者・救援化学療法 )

P.86 掲載の参考文献
1) Rummel MJ, Niederle N, Maschmeyer G, et al. Bendamustine plus rituximab versus CHOP plus rituximab as first-line treatment for patients with indolent and mantle-cell lymphomas : an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2013 ; 381 : 1203-10.
PubMed
2) Villa D, Sehn LH, Savage KJ, et al. Bendamustine and rituximab as induction therapy in both transplant-eligible and -ineligible patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Blood Adv. 2020 ; 4 : 3486-94.
PubMed
3) Robak T, Jin J, Pylypenko H, et al. Frontline bortezomib, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (VR-CAP) versus rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) in transplantation-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma : final overall survival results of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 2018 ; 19 : 1449-58.
 
4) Flinn IW, van der Jagt R, Kahl B, et al. First-line treatment of patients with indolent non-hodgkin lymphoma or mantle-cell lymphoma with bendamustine plus rituximab versus R-CHOP or R-CVP : results of the BRIGHT 5-year follow-up study. J Clin Oncol. 2019 ; 37 : 984-91.
 
5) Wang ML, Rule S, Martin P, et al. Targeting BTK with ibrutinib in relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2013 ; 369 : 507-16.
PubMed
6) Rule S, Dreyling M, Goy A, et al. Ibrutinib for the treatment of relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma : extended 3.5-year follow up from a pooled analysis. Haematologica. 2019 ; 104 : e211-4.
PubMed

28 バーキットリンパ腫

P.90 掲載の参考文献
1) Thomas DA, Faderl S, O'Brien S, et al. Chemoimmunotherapy with hyper-CVAD plus rituximab for the treatment of adult Burkitt and Burkitt-type lymphoma or acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer. 2006 ; 106 : 1569-80.
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2) Maruyama D, Watanabe T, Maeshima AM, et al. Modified cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and methotrexate (CODOX-M)/ifosfamide, etoposide, and cytarabine (IVAC) therapy with or without rituximab in Japanese adult patients with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and B cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B cell lymphoma and BL. Int J Hematol. 2010 ; 92 : 732-43.
PubMed
3) Jacobson C, LaCasce A. How I treat Burkitt lymphoma in adults. Blood. 2014 ; 124 : 2913-20.
 
4) Dunleavy K, Pittaluga S, Shovlin M, et al. Low-intensity therapy in adults with Burkitt's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2013 ; 369 : 1915-25.
PubMed
5) Blum KA, Lozanski G, Byrd JC. Adult Burkitt leukemia and lymphoma. Blood. 2004 ; 104 : 3009-20.
PubMed

29 High Grade B cell lymphoma ( ダブルヒットリンパ腫 )

P.93 掲載の参考文献
1) Johnson NA, Slack GW, Savage KJ, et al. Concurrent expression of MYC and BCL2 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone. J Clin Oncol. 2012 ; 30 : 3452-9.
PubMed
2) Perry AM, Alvarado-Bernal Y, Laurini JA, et al. MYC and BCL2 protein expression predicts survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab. Br J Haematol. 2014 ; 165 : 382-91.
PubMed
3) Friedberg JW. How I treat double-hit lymphoma. Blood. 2017 ; 130 : 590-6.
 
4) Landsburg DJ, Falkiewicz MK, Maly J, et al. Outcomes of patients with double-hit lymphoma who achieve first complete remission. J Clin Oncol. 2017 ; 35 : 2260-7.
PubMed

30 末梢性T細胞リンパ腫

P.95 掲載の参考文献
1) Ellin F, Landstrom J, Jerkeman M, et al. Real-world data on prognostic factors and treatment in peripheral T-cell lymphomas : a study from the Swedish Lymphoma Registry. Blood. 2014 ; 124 : 1570-7.
PubMed
2) Gallamini A, Stelitano C, Calvi R, et al. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (PTCL-U) : a new prognostic model from a retrospective multicentric clinical study. Blood. 2004 ; 103 : 2474-9.
 
3) Schmitz N, Trumper L, Ziepert M, et al. Treatment and prognosis of mature T-cell and NK-cell lymphoma : an analysis of patients with T-cell lymphoma treated in studies of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group. Blood. 2010 ; 116 : 3418-25.
 

31 末梢性T細胞リンパ腫 ( A - CHP 療法 )

P.97 掲載の参考文献
1) Horwitz S, O'Connor OA, Pro B, et al. Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma (ECHELON-2) : a global, double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2019 ; 393 : 229-40.
 

32 末梢性T細胞リンパ腫 ( 新規薬剤 )

P.102 掲載の参考文献
1) Piekarz RL, Frye R, Prince HM, et al. Phase 2 trial of romidepsin in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2011 ; 117 : 5827-34.
PubMed
2) Coiffier B, Pro B, Prince HM, et al. Romidepsin for the treatment of relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma : pivotal study update demonstrates durable responses. J Hematol Oncol. 2014 ; 7 : 11.
PubMed
3) O'Connor OA, Pro B, Pinter-Brown L, et al. Pralatrexate in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma : results from the pivotal PROPEL study. J Clin Oncol. 2011 ; 29 : 1182-9.
PubMed
4) Hong JY, Yoon DH, Yoon SE, et al. Pralatrexate in patients with recurrent or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphomas : a multicenter retrospective analysis. Sci Rep. 2019 ; 9 : 20302.
PubMed
5) Pro B, Advani R, Brice P, et al. Brentuximab vedotin (SGN-35) in patients with relapsed or refractory systemic anaplastic large-cell lymphoma : results of a phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2012 ; 30 : 2190-6.
 
6) Horwitz SM, Advani RH, Bartlett NL, et al. Objective responses in relapsed T-cell lymphomas with single-agent brentuximab vedotin. Blood. 2014 ; 123 : 3095-100.
PubMed
7) Ogura M, Ishida T, Hatake K, et al. Multicenter phase II study of mogamulizumab (KW-0761), a defucosylated anti-cc chemokine receptor 4 antibody, in patients with relapsed peripheral T-cell lymphoma and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2014 ; 32 : 1157-63.
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8) Zinzani PL, Karlin L, Radford J, et al. European phase II study of mogamulizumab, an anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody, in relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Haematologica. 2016 ; 101 : e407-10.
PubMed
9) Maruyama D, Tsukasaki K, Uchida T, et al. Multicenter phase 1/2 study of forodesine in patients with relapsed peripheral T cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol. 2019 ; 98 : 131-42.
PubMed

33 ホジキンリンパ腫 ( ABVD, A - AVD 療法 )

P.104 掲載の参考文献
1) Moccia AA, Donaldson J, Chhanabhai M, et al. International prognostic score in advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma : altered utility in the modern era. J Clin Oncol. 2012 ; 30 : 3383-8.
 
2) Connors JM, Jurczak W, Straus DJ, et al. Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for stage III or IV Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2018 ; 378 : 331-44.
PubMed

34 成人T細胞白血病リンパ腫

P.107 掲載の参考文献
1) Katsuya H, Yamanaka T, Ishitsuka K, et al. Prognostic index for acute- and lymphoma-type adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2012 ; 30 : 1635-40.
PubMed
2) Tsukasaki K, Utsunomiya A, Fukuda H, et al. VCAP-AMP-VECP compared with biweekly CHOP for adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma : Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG9801. J Clin Oncol. 2007 ; 25 : 5458-64.
 
3) Katsuya H, Ishitsuka K. Treatment advances and prognosis for patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. J Clin Exp Hematop. 2017 ; 57 : 87-97.
PubMed

35 再発・難治ATLL

P.110 掲載の参考文献
1) Ishida T, Utsunomiya A, Jo T, et al. Mogamulizumab for relapsed adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma : updated follow-up analysis of phase I and II studies. Cancer Sci. 2017 ; 108 : 2022-9.
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2) Ishida T, Fujiwara H, Nosaka K, et al. Multicenter phase II study of lenalidomide in relapsed or recurrent adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma : ATLL-002. J Clin Oncol. 2016 ; 34 : 4086-93.
PubMed

36 慢性リンパ性白血病

P.113 掲載の参考文献
1) Shanafelt TD, Wang XV, Kay NE, et al. Ibrutinib-rituximab or chemoimmunotherapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2019 ; 381 : 432-43.
 
2) Byrd JC, Furman RR, Coutre SE, et al. Targeting BTK with ibrutinib in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2013 ; 369 : 32-42.
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3) Byrd JC, Hillmen P, Ghia P, et al. Acalabrutinib versus ibrutinib in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia : results of the first randomized phase III trial. J Clin Oncol. 2021 ; 39 : 3441-52.
PubMed
4) Seymour JF, Kipps TJ, Eichhorst B, et al. Venetoclax-rituximab in relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2018 ; 378 : 1107-20.
 

37 多発性骨髄腫 ( 初発・移植適応 )

P.117 掲載の参考文献
1) Stewart AK, Richardson PG, San-Miguel JF. How I treat multiple myeloma in younger patients. Blood. 2009 ; 114 : 5436-43.
 
2) Reeder CB, Reece DE, Kukreti V, et al. Once- versus twice-weekly bortezomib induction therapy with CyBorD in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood. 2010 ; 115 : 3416-7.
PubMed
3) Kim JS, Kim K, Cheong JW, et al. Complete remission status before autologous stem cell transplantation is an important prognostic factor in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing upfront single autologous transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2009 ; 15 : 463-70.
PubMed
4) Majithia N, Rajkumar SV, Lacy MQ, et al. Early relapse following initial therapy for multiple myeloma predicts poor outcomes in the era of novel agents. Leukemia. 2016 ; 30 : 2208-13.
PubMed
5) Attal M, Lauwers-Cances V, Hulin C, et al. Lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone with transplantation for myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2017 ; 376 : 1311-20.
PubMed
6) Kumar S, Flinn I, Richardson PG, et al. Randomized, multicenter, phase 2 study (EVOLUTION) of combinations of bortezomib, dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, and lenalidomide in previously untreated multiple myeloma. Blood. 2012 ; 119 : 4375-82.
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7) Reeder CB, Reece DE, Kukreti V, et al. Cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and dexamethasone induction for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma : high responserates in a phase II clinical trial. Leukemia. 2009 ; 23 : 1337-41.
 
8) Moreau P, Hulin C, Macro M, et al. VTD is superior to VCD prior to intensive therapy in multiple myeloma : results of the prospective IFM2013-04 trial. Blood. 2016 ; 127 : 2569-74.
PubMed

38 多発性骨髄腫 ( 初発・移植非適応 )

P.122 掲載の参考文献
1) Facon T, Kumar S, Plesner T, et al. Daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone for untreated myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2019 ; 380 : 2104-15.
PubMed
2) Benboubker L, Dimopoulos MA, Dispenzieri A, et al. Lenalidomide and dexamethasone in transplant-ineligible patients with myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2014 ; 371 : 906-17.
PubMed
3) Palumbo A, Hajek R, Delforge M, et al. Continuous lenalidomide treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2012 ; 366 : 1759-69.
PubMed
4) Mateos MV, Cavo M, Blade J, et al. Overall survival with daratumumab, bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (ALCYONE) : a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2020 ; 395 : 132-41.
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5) Larocca A, Bringhen S, Petrucci MT, et al. A phase 2 study of three low-dose intensity subcutaneous bortezomib regimens in elderly frail patients with untreated multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2016 ; 30 : 1320-6.
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6) Durie BGM, Hoering A, Abidi MH, et al. Bortezomib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma without intent for immediate autologous stem-cell transplant (SWOG S0777) : a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2017 ; 389 : 519-27. 38
 
7) Mateos MV, Richardson PG, Schlag R, et al. Bortezomib plus melphalan and prednisone compared with melphalan and prednisone in previously untreated multiple myeloma : updated follow-up and impact of subsequent therapy in the phase III VISTA trial. J Clin Oncol. 2010 ; 28 : 2259-66.
 
8) Lemieux C, Muffly LS, Rezvani A, et al. Outcomes with autologous stem cell transplant vs. non-transplant therapy in patients 70 years and older with multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2021 ; 56 : 368-75.
PubMed

39 ボルテゾミブ耐性骨髄腫の治療

P.129 掲載の参考文献
1) Avet-Loiseau H, Bahlis NJ, Chng WJ, et al. Ixazomib significantly prolongs progression-free survival in high-risk relapsed/refractory myeloma patients. Blood. 2017 ; 130 : 2610-18.
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2) Bahlis NJ, Dimopoulos MA, White DJ, et al. Daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma : extended follow-up of POLLUX, a randomized, open-label, phase 3 study. Leukemia. 2020 ; 34 : 1875-84.
PubMed
3) Dimopoulos M, Quach H, Mateos MV, et al. Carfilzomib, dexamethasone, and daratumumab versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CANDOR) : results from a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2020 ; 396 : 186-97.
 
4) Dimopoulos MA, Niesvizky R, Weisel K, et al. Once- versus twice-weekly carfilzomib in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma by select patient characteristics : phase 3 A.R.R.O.W. study subgroup analysis. Blood Cancer J. 2020 ; 10 : 35.
 
5) Lonial S, Dimopoulos M, Palumbo A, et al. Elotuzumab therapy for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2015 ; 373 : 621-31.
 
6) Dimopoulos MA, Lonial S, White D, et al. Elotuzumab plus lenalidomide/dexamethasone for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma : ELOQUENT-2 follow-up and post-hoc analyses on progression-free survival and tumour growth. Br J Haematol. 2017 ; 178 : 896-905.
 
7) Stewart AK, Rajkumar SV, Dimopoulos MA, et al. Carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for relapsed multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2015 ; 372 : 142-52.
PubMed

40 レナリドミド耐性骨髄腫の治療

P.133 掲載の参考文献
1) Richardson PG, Oriol A, Beksac M, et al. Pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma previously treated with lenalidomide (OPTIMISMM) : a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019 ; 20 : 781-94.
PubMed
2) Richardson PG, Hungria VTM, Yoon SS, et al. Panobinostat plus bortezomib and dexamethasone in previously treated multiple myeloma : outcomes by prior treatment. Blood. 2016 ; 127 : 713-21.
 
3) Dimopoulos MA, Moreau P, Palumbo A, et al. Carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR) : a randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study. Lancet Oncol. 2016 ; 17 : 27-38.
PubMed
4) Siegel DS, Schiller GJ, Song KW, et al. Pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma after lenalidomide treatment failure. Br J Haematol. 2020 ; 188 : 501-10.
PubMed
5) Mark TM, Forsberg PA, Rossi AC, et al. Phase 2 study of clarithromycin, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Blood Adv. 2019 ; 3 : 603-11.
PubMed

41 ボルテゾミブ・レナリドミド耐性骨髄腫の治療

P.140 掲載の参考文献
1) Dimopoulos MA, Moreau P, Palumbo A, et al. Carfilzomib and dexamethasone ezomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR) : a randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study. Lancet Oncol. 2016 ; 17 : 27-38.
 
2) Lonial S, Weiss BM, Usmani SZ, et al. Daratumumab monotherapy in patients with treatment-refractory multiple myeloma (SIRIUS) : an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2016 ; 387 : 1551-60.
PubMed
3) Dimopoulos M, Quach H, Mateos MV, et al. Carfilzomib, dexamethasone, and daratumumab versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CANDOR) : results from a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2020 ; 396 : 186-97.
 
4) Miguel JS, Weisel K, Moreau P, et al. Pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone versus high-dose dexamethasone alone for patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (MM-003) : a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013 ; 14 : 1055-66.
PubMed
5) Garderet L, Kuhnowski F, Berge B, et al. Pomalidomide, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone for relapsed multiple myeloma. Blood. 2018 ; 132 : 2555-63.
PubMed
6) Dimopoulos MA, Dytfeld D, Grosicki S, et al. Elotuzumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2018 ; 379 : 1811-22.
PubMed
7) Attal M, Richardson PG, Rajkumar SV, et al. Isatuximab plus pomalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone versus pomalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (ICARIA-MM) : a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2019 ; 394 : 2096-107.
 
8) Schjesvold FH, Richardson PG, Facon T, et al. Isatuximab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone in elderly patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma : ICARIA-MM subgroup analysis. Haematologica. 2021 ; 106 : 1182-7.
PubMed
9) Moreau P, Dimopoulos MA, Yong K, et al. Isatuximab plus carfilzomib/dexamethasone versus carfilzomib/dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma : IKEMA Phase III study design. Future Oncol. 2020 ; 16 : 4347-58.
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10) Moreau P, Dimopoulos MA, Mikhael J, et al ; IKEMA study group. Isatuximab, carfilzomib, and dexamethasone in relapsed multiple myeloma (IKEMA) : a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2021 ; 397 : 2361-71.
 
11) Dimopoulos M, Bringhen S, Anttila P, et al. Isatuximab as monotherapy and combined with dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Blood. 2021 ; 137 : 1154-65.
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12) Dimopoulos MA, Terpos E, Boccadoro M, et al ; APOLLO Trial Investigators. Daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone versus pomalidomide and dexamethasone alone in previously treated multiple myeloma (APOLLO) : an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021 ; 22 : 801-12.
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13) Siegel DS, Schiller GJ, Samaras C, et al. Pomalidomide, dexamethasone, and daratumumab in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma after lenalidomide treatment. Leukemia. 2020 ; 34 : 3286-97.
PubMed

42 多発性骨髄腫・維持療法

P.145 掲載の参考文献
1) McCarthy PL, Holstein SA, Petrucci MT, et al. Lenalidomide maintenance after autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma : a meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2017 ; 35 : 3279-89.
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2) Dimopoulos MA, Gay F, Schjesvold F, et al. Oral ixazomib maintenance following autologous stem cell transplantation (TOURMALINE-MM3) : a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2019 ; 393 : 253-64.
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3) Chakraborty R, Muchtar E, Kumar SK, et al. Outcomes of maintenance therapy with lenalidomide or bortezomib in multiple myeloma in the setting of early autologous stem cell transplantation. Leukemia. 2018 ; 32 : 712-8.
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4) Dimopoulos MA, Spicka I, Quach H, et al. Ixazomib as postinduction maintenance for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma not undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation : the phase III TOURMALINE-MM4 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2020 ; 38 : 4030-41.
PubMed

43 骨髄異形成症候群 ( 低リスク )

P.150 掲載の参考文献
1) Greenberg PL, Tuechler H, Schanz J, et al. Revised international prognostic scoring system for myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood. 2012 ; 120 : 2454-65.
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2) Stahl M, DeVeaux M, de Witte T, et al. The use of immunosuppressive therapy in MDS : clinical outcomes and their predictors in a large international patient cohort. Blood Adv. 2018 ; 2 : 1765-72.
 
3) Stahl M, Bewersdorf JP, Giri S, et al. Use of immunosuppressive therapy for management of myelodysplastic syndromes : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Haematologica. 2020 ; 105 : 102-11.
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4) Platzbecker U. Treatment of MDS. Blood. 2019 ; 133 : 1096-107.
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5) List A, Dewald G, Bennett J, et al. Lenalidomide in the myelodysplastic syndrome with chromosome 5q deletion. N Engl J Med. 2006 ; 355 : 1456-65.
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6) Platzbecker U, Symeonidis A, Oliva EN, et al. A phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled trial of darbepoetin alfa in patients with anemia and lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia. 2017 ; 31 : 1944-50.
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7) Colunga-Pedraza PR, Colunga-Pedraza JE, Garza-Ledezma MA, Danazol as first-line therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2018 ; 18 : e109-13.
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44 骨髄異形成症候群 ( 高リスク )

P.153 掲載の参考文献
1) Fenaux P, Mufti GJ, Hellstrom-Lindberg E, et al. Efficacy of azacitidine compared with that of conventional care regimens in the treatment of higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes : a randomised, open-label, phase III study. Lancet Oncol. 2009 ; 10 : 223-32.
PubMed
2) Itzykson R, Thepot S, Quesnel B, et al. Prognostic factors for response and overall survival in 282 patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes treated with azacytidine. Blood. 2011 ; 117 : 403-11.
PubMed
3) Mozessohn L, Cheung MC, Fallahpour S, et al. Azacitidine in the 'real-world' : an evaluation of 1101 higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome/low blast count acute myeloid leukaemia patients in Ontario, Canada. Br J Haematol. 2018 ; 181 : 803-15.
PubMed
4) Prebet T, Gore SD, Esterni B, et al. Outcome of high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome after azacitidine treatment failure. J Clin Oncol. 2011 ; 29 : 3322-7.
PubMed

45 慢性骨髄性白血病

P.157 掲載の参考文献
1) Hochhaus A, Larson RA, Guilhot F, et al. Long-term outcomes of imatinib treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2017 ; 376 : 917-27.
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2) Cortes JE, Saglio G, Kantarjian HM, et al. Final 5-year study results of DASISION : the dasatinib versus imatinib study in treatment-naive chronic myeloid leukemia patients trial. J Clin Oncol. 2016 ; 34 : 2333-40.
 
3) Hochhaus A, Saglio G, Hughes TP, et al. Long-term benefits and risks of frontline nilotinib vs imatinib for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase : 5-year update of the randomized ENESTnd trial. Leukemia. 2016 ; 30 : 1044-54.
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4) Cortes JE, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Deininger MW, et al. Bosutinib versus Imatinib for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia : results from the randomized BFORE trial. J Clin Oncol. 2018 ; 36 : 231-7.
 

46 骨髄増殖性腫瘍

P.162 掲載の参考文献
1) Tefferi A, Guglielmelli P, Larson DR, et al. Long-term survival and blast transformation in molecularly annotated essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and myelofibrosis. Blood. 2014 ; 124 : 2507-13 ; quiz 2615.
 
2) Tefferi A, Rumi E, Finazzi G, et al. Survival and prognosis among 1545 patients with contemporary polycythemia vera : an international study. Leukemia. 2013 ; 27 : 1874-81.
 
3) Passamonti F, Thiele J, Girodon F, et al. A prognostic model to predict survival in 867 World Health Organization-defined essential thrombocythemia at diagnosis : a study by the International Working Group on Myelofibrosis Research and Treatment. Blood. 2012 ; 120 : 1197-201.
 
4) Rumi E, Pietra D, Ferretti V, et al. JAK2 or CALR mutation status defines subtypes of essential thrombocythemia with substantially different clinical course and outcomes. Blood. 2014 ; 123 : 1544-51.
 
5) Gangat N, Caramazza D, Vaidya R, et al. DIPSS plus : a refined Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System for primary myelofibrosis that incorporates prognostic information from karyotype, platelet count, and transfusion status. J Clin Oncol. 2011 ; 29 : 392-7.
 
6) Tefferi A, Nicolosi M, Mudireddy M, et al. Revised cytogenetic risk stratification in primary myelofibrosis : analysis based on 1002 informative patients. Leukemia. 2018 ; 32 : 1189-99.
PubMed
7) Verstovsek S, Gotlib J, Mesa RA, et al. Long-term survival in patients treated with ruxolitinib for myelofibrosis : COMFORT-I and -II pooled analyses. J Hematol Oncol. 2017 ; 10 : 156.
PubMed

47 骨髄異形成症候群 / 骨髄増殖性腫瘍

P.166 掲載の参考文献
1) Patnaik MM, Tefferi A. Myelodysplastic syndromes with ring sideroblasts (MDSRS) and MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm with RS and thrombocytosis (MDS/MPN-RS-T) - "2021 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management". Am J Hematol. 2021 ; 96 : 379-94.
 
2) Such E, Germing U, Malcovati L, et al. Development and validation of a prognostic scoring system for patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Blood. 2013 ; 121 : 3005-15.
PubMed
3) Calvo X, Nomdedeu M, Santacruz R, et al. Comparison of three prognostic scoring systems in a series of 146 cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) : MD Anderson prognostic score (MDAPS), CMML-specific prognostic scoring system (CPSS) and Mayo prognostic model. A detailed review of prognostic factors in CMML. Leuk Res. 2015 ; 39 : 1146-53.
 
4) Itzykson R, Kosmider O, Renneville A, et al. Prognostic score including gene mutations in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2013 ; 31 : 2428-36.
PubMed
5) Breccia M, Biondo F, Latagliata R, et al. Identification of risk factors in atypical chronic myeloid leukemia. Haematologica. 2006 ; 91 : 1566-8. 47
 
6) Piazza R, Valletta S, Winkelmann N, et al. Recurrent SETBP1 mutations in atypical chronic myeloid leukemia. Nat Genet. 2013 ; 45 : 18-24.
PubMed
7) Gotlib J. How I treat atypical chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2017 ; 129 : 838-45.
 
8) DiNardo CD, Daver N, Jain N, et al. Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms, unclassifiable (MDS/MPN, U) : natural history and clinical outcome by treatment strategy. Leukemia. 2014 ; 28 : 958-61.
PubMed

48 再生不良性貧血

P.170 掲載の参考文献
1) Bacigalupo A. How I treat acquired aplastic anemia. Blood. 2017 ; 129 : 1428-36.
 
2) Townsley DM, Scheinberg P, Winkler T, et al. Eltrombopag added to standard immunosuppression for aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med. 2017 ; 376 : 1540-50.
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3) Contejean A, Resche-Rigon M, Tamburini J, et al. Aplastic anemia in the elderly : a nationwide survey on behalf of the French Reference Center for Aplastic Anemia. Haematologica. 2019 ; 104 : 256-62. 48
 
4) Chuhjo T, Yamazaki H, Omine M, et al. Danazol therapy for aplastic anemia refractory to immunosuppressive therapy. Am J Hematol. 2008 ; 83 : 387-9.
PubMed
5) Marsh JC, Kulasekararaj AG. Management of the refractory aplastic anemia patient : what are the options? Blood. 2013 ; 122 : 3561-7.
PubMed

49 溶血性貧血

P.174 掲載の参考文献
1) 自己免疫性溶血性貧血の 診断基準と診療の参照ガイド改訂版作成の ためのワーキン ググループ. 自己免疫性溶血性貧血 診療の参照ガイド 令和1年改訂版. http://zoketsushogaihan.umin.jp/file/2020/09.pdf
 
2) Go RS, Winters JL, Kay NE. How I treat autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Blood. 2017 ; 129 : 2971-9.
 
3) Kremer Hovinga JA, Vesely SK, Terrell DR, et al. Survival and relapse in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood. 2010 ; 115 : 1500-11 ; quiz 1662.
 
4) Joly BS, Coppo P, Veyradier A. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood. 2017 ; 129 : 2836-46.
PubMed

50 特発性 ( 免疫性 ) 血小板減少性紫斑病・後天性血友病

P.176 掲載の参考文献
1) Provan D, Arnold DM, Bussel JB, et al. Updated international consensus report on the investigation and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia. Blood Adv. 2019 ; 3 : 3780-817.
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2) Neunert C, Terrell DR, Arnold DM, et al. American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for immune thrombocytopenia. Blood Adv. 2019 ; 3 : 3829-66.
PubMed
3) Norgaard M, Jensen AO, Engebjerg MC, et al. Long-term clinical outcomes of patients with primary chronic immune thrombocytopenia : a Danish population-based cohort study. Blood. 2011 ; 117 : 3514-20.
PubMed
4) 後天性血 友病 A 診療ガイドライン作成委員会. 後天性血 友病 A 診療ガイドライン 2017年 改訂版. https://www.jsth.org/publications/pdf/guideline/HP用_後天性血友病A診療ガイドライン2017改訂版.pdf
 
5) Collins PW, Hirsch S, Baglin TP, et al. Acquired hemophilia A in the United Kingdom : a 2-year national surveillance study by the United Kingdom Haemophilia Centre Doctors' Organisation. Blood. 2007 ; 109 : 1870-7.
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