病理からアプローチする腎移植マネジメント

出版社: メジカルビュー社
著者:
発行日: 2015-04-01
分野: 臨床医学:内科  >  腎臓
ISBN: 9784758303811
電子書籍版: 2015-04-01 (第1版第1刷)
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本書は臨床医が知っておくべき移植腎生検の基礎知識から,正常・異常病理像の所見,腎移植患者に特有の病態・疾患の臨床情報まで網羅している。実臨床で困らないための疾患の情報と,診断・治療の際に押さえておくべき病理像・病理学的情報をともに掲載し,「腎移植の臨床につながる病理の理解」をモットーに,わかりやすく解説されている。

目次

  • 病理からアプローチする腎移植マネジメント

    ―目次―

    chapter1 移植腎生検はいつ,どうやって行うべきか?
     ベースライン(0時間・1時間)生検
     プロトコール生検
     エピソード生検
     生検の準備・方法・後観察
     標本の取り扱い
     依頼書の書き方
     報告書の書き方,読み方

    chapter2 移植腎障害の鑑別診断は時期によって決まる
     移植腎機能低下の鑑別診断
     蛋白尿の鑑別診断

    chapter3 移植腎特有の正常(典型)病理像を知ろう!
     ベースライン生検の病理像
     持ち込み腎炎とその意義
     プロトコール生検の病理像

    chapter4 移植腎の異常病理像と臨床を知ろう!
     拒絶反応
      Banff分類の概要
      迅速診断の適応と標本の読み方 
      超急性拒絶反応(ABO不適合移植)
      急性Tリンパ球関連型拒絶反応
      急性抗体関連型拒絶反応
      慢性抗体関連型拒絶反応 
      慢性移植腎症
     薬剤性腎障害
      カルシニューリン阻害薬(TMA除く)
      その他の薬剤性腎障害(エベロリムスなど)
     再発腎炎
      巣状糸球体硬化症(FSGS)
      IgA腎症
      膜性増殖性糸球体腎炎(MPGN)
      その他の腎炎
     感染症・腫瘍
      BKポリオーマウイルス腎症
      移植後リンパ増殖性疾患(PTLD
      アデノウイルス
     その他の異常病理像
      血栓性微小血管障害症(TMA)
      逆流性腎症
      移植後糖尿病・移植後発症糖尿病(PTDM/NODAT)

この書籍の参考文献

参考文献のリンクは、リンク先の都合等により正しく表示されない場合がありますので、あらかじめご了承下さい。

本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

Chapter 1 移植腎生検はいつ, どうやって行うべきか ?

P.3 掲載の参考文献
1) Kincaid-Smith P, et al. Immediate renal-graft biopsy and subsequent rejection. Lancet 1968 ; 292 : 748-9.
2) Millard PR, et al. Renal biopsy in clinical management of renal transplantation. A light-microscopy study. Lancet 1970 ; 295 : 113-6.
3) Perlof LJ, et al. Value of one-hour renal-allograft biopsy. Lancet 1973 ; 302 : 1294-5.
4) McDicken IW, et al. Prognostic value for immediate function of one-hour renal allograft biopsy. Br Med J 1975 ; 4 (5996) : 559.
5) Inagaki H, et al. Does infiltration of neutrophils in peritubular capillaries indicate humoral rejection? A case displaying a characteristic lesion of a significantly high amount of neutrophils in peritubular capillaries at 1-h graft biopsy during transplant operation. Clin Transplant 2001 ; 15 Suppl 5 : 35-40.
6) Sofue T, et al. Preexisting arteriosclerotic intimal thickening in living-donor kidneys reflects allograft function. Am J Nephrol 2012 ; 36 : 127-35.
7) Munivenkatappa RB, et al. The Maryland aggregate pathology index : a deceased donor kidney biopsy scoring system for predicting graft failure. Am J Transplant 2008 ; 8 : 2316-24.
8) Moriyama T, et al. Latent IgA deposition from donor kidney is the major risk factor for recurrent IgA nephropathy in renal transplantation. Clin Transplant 2005 ; 19 Suppl 14 : 41-8.
9) Tsuchimoto A, et al. Renal interstitial fibrosis in 0-hour biopsy as a predictor of post-transplant anemia. Am J Nephrol 2013 ; 38 : 267-74.
P.6 掲載の参考文献
1) Kidney Disease : Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Transplant Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2009 ; 9 Suppl 3 : S1-155.
2) Shishido S, et al. The impact of repeated subclinical acute rejection on the progression of chronic allograft nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003 ; 14 : 1046-52.
3) Choi BS, et al. Clinical significance of an early protocol biopsy in living-donor renal transplantation : ten-year experience at a single center. Am J Transplant 2005 ; 5 : 1354-60.
4) Bestard O, et al. Presence of FoxP3+ regulatory T Cells predicts outcome of subclinical rejection of renal allografts. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008 ; 19 : 2020-6.
5) Rush D, et al. Lack of benefit of early protocol biopsies in renal transplant patients receiving TAC and MMF : a randomized study. Am J Transplant 2007 ; 7 : 2538-45.
6) Gloor JM, et al. Subclinical rejection in tacrolimus-treated renal transplant recipients. Transplantation 2002 ; 73 : 1965-8.
7) Moreso F, et al. Subclinical rejection associated with chronic allograft nephropathy in protocol biopsies as a risk factor for late graft loss. Am J Transplant 2006 ; 6 : 747-52.
8) Rush D, et al. Beneficial effects of treatment of early subclinical rejection : a randomized study. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998 ; 9 : 2129-34.
P.9 掲載の参考文献
1) Kidney Disease : Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Transplant Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2009 ; 9 Suppl3 : 1-155.
2) Kasiske BL, et al. A thirty percent chronic decline in inverse serum creatinine is an excellent predictor of late renal allograft failure. Am J Kidney Dis 2002 ; 39 : 762-8.
3) Qureshi F, et al. Silent acute rejection during prolonged delayed graft function reduces kidney allograft survival. Transplantation 2002 ; 74 : 1400-4.
4) 平方秀樹. 腎生検の適応と禁忌. 日腎会誌 2005 ; 47 857-62.
5) Schwarz A, et al. Safety and adequacy of renal transplant protocol biopsies. Am J Transplant 2005 ; 5 : 1992-6.
P.13 掲載の参考文献
1) 中川由紀, ほか. 移植腎生検後腎血腫によって急性腎不全におちいった2症例. 腎移植・血管外科 2009 ; 21 : 28-33.
2) 大城望史, ほか. 移植腎に発生した動静脈瘻の1治験例. 移植 1998 ; 34 : 27-31.
P.16 掲載の参考文献
1) 今井直史. 移植腎標本の取り扱い方. 腎移植のすべて, メジカルビュー社, 2009 ; p433-445.
2) 両角國男. 第VII章 腎生検検体の処理法. 日腎会誌 2005 ; 45 : 775-82.
3) 鶴岡佳代, 白井小百合. 腎生検の方法と基本的な標本の読み方. 医学のあゆみ 2014 ; 249 : 765-70.
P.21 掲載の参考文献
1) Golgert WA, et al. Recurrent glomerulonephritis after renal transplantation : an unsolved problem. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008 ; 3 : 800-807.
2) Williams WW, et al. Clinical role of the renal transplant biopsy. Nat Rev Nephrol 2012 ; 8 : 110-21.
3) Khamash HA, et al. Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk in kidney transplants : the influence of recipient age and donor gender. Kidney Int 2007 ; 71 : 1302-9.
4) Letavernier E, et al. High sirolimus levels may induce focal segmental glomerulosclerosis de novo. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007 ; 2 : 326-33.
5) Munivenkatappa RB, et al. The Maryland aggregate pathology index : a deceased donor kidney biopsy scoring system for predicting graft failure. Am J Transplant 2008 ; 8 : 2316-24.
P.26 掲載の参考文献
1) Pascual M, et al. The clinical usefulness of the renal allograft biopsy in the cyclosporine era : a prospective study. Transplantation 1999 ; 67 : 737-41.
2) Myslak M, et al. Interpreting post-transplant proteinuria in patients with proteinuria pre-transplant. Am J Transplant 2006 ; 6 : 1660-5.
3) Cheunsuchon B, et al. Eosinophil-rich interstitial infiltrate in an allograft biopsy. Am J Kidney Dis 2003 ; 41 : 1116-21.
4) Masutani K, et al. The Banff 2009 Working Proposal for polyomavirus nephropathy : a critical evaluation of its utility as a determinant of clinical outcome. Am J Transplant 2012 ; 12 : 907-18.
5) Hill GS, et al. Donor-specific antibodies accelerate arteriosclerosis after kidney transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011 ; 22 : 975-83.
6) Solez K, et al. Banff 07 classification of renal allograft pathology : updates and future directions. Am J Transplant 2008 ; 8 : 753-60.
7) Poduval RD, et al. Implications of immunohistochemical detection of C4d along peritubular capillaries in late acute renal allograft rejection. Transplantation 2005 ; 79 : 228-35.
8) Sijpkens YW, et al. Immunologic risk factors and glomerular C4d deposits in chronic transplant glomerulopathy. Kidney Int 2004 ; 65 : 2409-18.
9) Haas M, et al. Banff 2013 meeting report : inclusion of c4d-negative antibody-mediated rejection and antibody-associated arterial lesions. Am J Transplant 2014 ; 14 : 272-83.

Chapter 2 移植腎障害の鑑別診断は時期によって決まる

P.33 掲載の参考文献
1) 日本移植学会・日本臨床腎移植学会. 腎移植臨床登録集計報告 (2014) 2013年実施症例の集計報告と追跡調査結果. 移植 2014 ; 49 : 240-60.
2) 日本腎臓学会編. 第19章 腎移植. エビデンスに基づくCKD診療ガイドライン 2013, 東京医学社, 2013, p215-22.
3) Li WH, et al. Malignancies after renal transplantation in Taiwan : a nationwide population-based study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012 ; 27 : 833-9.
4) Haas M, et al. Banff 2013 meeting report : inclusion of c4d-negative antibody-mediated rejection and antibody-associated arterial lesions. Am J Transplant 2014 ; 14 : 272-83.
P.39 掲載の参考文献
1) Suarez Fernandez ML, G-Cosio F. Causes and consequences of proteinuria following kidney transplantation. Nefrologia 2011 ; 31 : 404-14.
2) D'Cunha PT, et al. Rapid resolution of proteinuria of native kidney origin following live donor renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2005 ; 5 : 351-5.
3) 竹田朝美, 両角國男. 蛋白尿. 今日の移植 2008 ; 21 : 481-6.
4) Greg A. Knoll, MD, MSc. Proteinuria in kidney transplant recipients : prevalence, prognosis, and evidence-based management. Am J Kidney Dis 2009 ; 54 : 1131-44.
5) Halmi JM, et al. Early low-grade proteinuria : causes, short-term evolution and long-term consequences in renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2005 ; 5 : 2281-8.
6) Fernandez-Fresnedo G, et al. Proteinuria : a new marker of long-term graft and patient survival in kidney transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004 ; 19 Suppl 3 : iii47-51.
7) KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2009 ; 9 : S1-157.

Chapter 3 移植腎特有の正常 ( 典型 ) 病理像を知ろう !

P.47 掲載の参考文献
1) 日本臨床腎臓移植学会, 日本移植学会. 生体腎移植ドナーガイドライン. 2014.
2) Munivenkatappa RB, et al. The Maryland aggregate pathology index : a deceased donor kidney biopsy scoring system for predicting graft failure. Am J Transplant 2008 ; 8 : 2316-24.
3) De Vusser K, et al. The predictive value of kidney allograft baseline biopsies for long-term graft survival. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013 ; 24 : 1913-23.
4) Ibrahim HN, et al. Long-term consequences of kidney donation. N Engl J Med 2009 ; 360 : 459-69.
5) Mjoen G, et al. Long-term risks for kidney donors. Kidney Int 2014 ; 86 : 162-7.
P.51 掲載の参考文献
1) Moriyama T, et al. Latent IgA deposition from donor kidney is the major risk factor for recurrent IgA nephropathy in renal transplantation. Clin Transplant 2005 ; 19 Suppl 14 : 41-8.
2) Jais P, et al. X-linked Alport syndrome : natural history and genotype-phenotype correlations in girls and women belonging to 195 families : a "European Community Alport Syndrome Concerted Acton" study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003 ; 14 : 2603-10.
3) Brunt EM, et al. Transmission and resolution of type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in recipients of cadaveric renal allografts. Transplantation 1988 ; 46 : 595-8.
4) Kiser RL, et al. Preexisting crescentic glomerulonephritis in the renal allograft. Am J Kidney Dis 2003 ; 42 : E20-6.
P.56 掲載の参考文献
1) Schwarz A, et al. Safety and adequacy of renal transplant protocol biopsies. Am J Transplant 2005 ; 5 : 1992-6.
2) Mengel M, et al. Protocol biopsies in renal transplantation : insights into patient management and pathogenesis. Am J Transplant 2007 ; 7 : 512-7.

Chapter 4 移植腎の異常病理像と臨床を知ろう !

P.60 掲載の参考文献
1) Racusen LC, et al. The Banff 97 working classification of renal allograft pathology. Kidney Int 1999 ; 55 : 713-23.
2) Racusen LC, et al. Antibody mediated rejection criteria an addition to the Banff '97 classification of renal allograft rejection. Am J Transplant 2003 ; 3 : 708-14.
3) Solez K, et al. Banff '05 Meeting Report : differential diagnosis of chronic allograft injury and elimination of chronic allograft nephropathy ("CAN"). Am J Transplant 2007 ; 7 : 518-26.
4) Solez K, et al. Banff 07 Classification of Renal Allograft Pathology : Updates and Future Directions. Am J Transplant 2008 ; 8 : 753-60.
5) Hass M, et al. Subclinical acute antibody-mediated rejection in positive crossmatch renal allografts. Am J Transplant. 2007 ; 7 : 576-85.
6) Einecke G, et al. Antibody-mediated microcirculation injury is the major cause of late kidney transplantation failure. Am J Transplant 2009 ; 9 : 2520-31.
7) Loupy A, et al. Outcome of subclinical antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplant recipients with preformed donor-specfic antibodies. Am J Transplant 2009 ; 9 : 2561-70.
8) Haas M, et al. Banff 2013 meeting report : inclusion of c4d-negative antibody-mediated rejection and antibody-associated arterial lesions. Am J Transplant 2014 ; 14 : 272-83.
9) Sis B, et al. Banff '09 meeting report : antibody mediated graft deterioration and implementation of Banff working groups. Am J Transplant 2010 ; 10 : 464-71.
P.65 掲載の参考文献
1) Williams WW, et al. Clinical role of the renal transplant biopsy. Nat Rev Nephrol 2012 ; 8 : 110-21.
2) Munivenkatappa RB, et al. The Maryland aggregate pathology index : a deceased donor kidney biopsy scoring system for predicting graft failure. Am J Transplant 2008 ; 8 : 2316-24.
3) Dimitrijevic J, et al. The place and role of a pathologist in the transplant team. Archive of Oncology 2001 ; 9 (Suppl 1) : 13-4.
P.69 掲載の参考文献
1) Stegall MD, et al. Terminal complement inhibition decreases antibody-mediated rejection in sensitized renal transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2011 ; 11 : 2405-13.
2) Peffault de Latour R, et al. Successful use of eculizumab in a patient with post-transplant thrombotic microangiopathy. Br J Haematol 2013 ; 161 : 279-80.
3) Sakai M, et al. Successful treatment of transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy with recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010 ; 45 : 803-5.
4) Chikaraishi T, et al. ABO blood type incompatible kidney transplantation without splenectomy prepared with plasma exchange and rituximab. Transplant Proc 2008 ; 40 : 3445-7.
P.75 掲載の参考文献
1) Emiroglu R, et al. Role of donor age and acute rejection episodes on long-term graft survival in cadaveric kidney transplantations. Transplant Proc 2005 ; 37 : 2954-6.
2) Sis B, et al. Banff '09 meeting report : antibody mediated graft deterioration and implementation of Banff working groups. Am J Transplant 2010 ; 10 : 464-71.
3) Ito Y, et al. The case of BK virus infection in which it was difficult to differentiate from acute rejection. Clin Transplant 2011 ; 25 : 44-8.
4) Nojima M, et al. Combined therapy of deoxyspergualin and plasmapheresis : a useful treatment for antibody-mediated acute rejection after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2005 ; 37 : 930-3.
5) Okubo M, et al. 15-Deoxyspergualin "rescue therapy" for methylprednisolone-resistant rejection of renal transplants as compared with anti-T cell monoclonal antibody (OKT3). Transplantation 1993 ; 55 : 505-8.
6) Shi Y, et al. Association of treatment with 15-deoxyspergualin and BK virus nephropathy in kidney allograft recipients. Clin Transplant 2007 ; 21 : 502-9.
7) Racusen LC, et al. The Banff 97 working classification of renal allograft pathology. Kidney Int 1999 ; 55 : 713-23.
8) Solez K, et al. Banff 07 classification of renal allograft pathology : updates and future directions. Am J Transplant 2008 ; 8 : 753-60.
P.76 掲載の参考文献
1) Desvaux D, et al. Acute renal allograft rejections with major interstitial oedema and plasma cell-rich infiltrates : high gamma-interferon expression and poor clinical outcome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004 ; 19 : 933-9.
2) Meehan SM, et al. The clinical and pathologic implications of plasmacytic infiltrates in percutaneous renal allograft biopsies. Hum Pathol 2001 ; 32 : 205-15.
3) Charney DA, et al. Plasma cell-rich acute renal allograft rejection. Transplantation 1999 ; 68 : 791-7.
4) Adrogue HE, et al. Immunoglobulin therapy for plasma cell-rich rejection in the renal allograft. Transplantation 2006 ; 82 : 567-9.
5) Gomez AM, et al. Proteasome inhibition with bortezomib depletes plasma cells and specific autoantibody production in primary thymic cell cultures from early-onset myasthenia gravis patients. J Immunol 2014 ; 193 : 1055-63.
P.87 掲載の参考文献
1) Scornic JC, et al. Blood transfusions in organ transplant patients : mechanisms of sensitization and implications for prevention. Am J Transplant 2011 ; 11 : 1785-91.
2) Amico P, et al. Incidence and prediction of early antibody-mediated rejection due to non-human leukocyte antigen-antibodies. Transplantation 2008 ; 85 : 1557-63.
3) 寺岡慧. 腎移植の免疫反応. 腎移植のすべて (高橋公太, 編), メジカルビュー社, 2009 ; p243-253.
4) Halloran PF, et al. Antibody-mediated rejection, T cell-mediated rejection, and the injury-repair response : new insights from the Genome Canada studies of kidney transplant biopsies. Kidney Int 2014 ; 85 : 258-64.
5) Sis B, et al. Banff '09 meeting report : antibody mediated graft deterioration and implementation of Banff working groups. Am J Transplant 2010 ; 10 : 464-71.
6) 小林孝彰. 腎移植におけるHLA抗体の検出. 日腎会誌 2013 ; 55 : 102-11.
7) 日本移植学会・日本臨床腎移植学会. 腎移植臨床登録集計報告 (2013) 2012年実施症例の集計報告. 移植 2012 ; 48 : 346-61.
8) Barnett AN, et al. The use of eculizumab in renal transplantation. Clin Transplant 2013 ; 27 : E216-29.
9) Fehr T, et al. Antibody-mediated kidney allograft rejection : therapeutic options and their experimental rationale. Transpl Int 2012 ; 25 : 623-32.
10) Lefaucheur C, et al. Preexisting donor-specific HLA antibodies predict outcome in kidney transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2010 ; 21 : 1398-406.
11) Haas M, et al. Banff 2013 meeting report : inclusion of c4d-negative antibody-mediated rejection and antibody-associated arterial lesions. Am J Transplant 2014 ; 14 : 272-83.
12) Haas M. Pathology of C4d-negative antibody-mediated rejection in renal allografts. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013 ; 18 : 319-26.
13) Sis B, et al. Endothelial gene expression in kidney transplants with alloantibody indicates antibody-mediated damage despite lack of C4d staining. Am J Transplant 2009 ; 9 : 2312-23.
14) Sis B, et al. Endothelial transcripts uncover a previously unknown phenotype : C4d-negative antibody-mediated rejection. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2010 ; 15 : 42-8.
15) Lefaucheur C, et al. Determinants of poor graft outcome in patients with antibody-mediated acute rejection. Am J Transplant 2007 ; 7 : 832-41.
P.95 掲載の参考文献
1) Puttarajappa C, et al. Antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplantation : a review. J Transplant 2012 ; 2012 : 193724.
2) Takahashi K, et al. Mechanism of acute antibody-mediated rejection in ABO incompatible kidney transplantation : which anti A/anti B antibodies are responsible, natural or de novo? Transplantation 2010 ; 89 : 635-7.
3) Zou P, et al. Antibodies against MICA antigens and kidney-transplant rejection. N Engl J Med 2007 ; 357 : 1293-300.
4) Dragum D, et al. Angiotensin II type 1-recepter activating antibodies in renal allograft rejection. N Engl J Med 2005 ; 352 : 558-69.
5) Jurceic S, et al. Antivimentin antibodies are an independent predictor of transplant-associated coronary artery disease after cardiac transplantation. Tranplantation 2001 ; 71 : 886-92.
6) Morgun A, et al. Pre- and post-transplant anti-myosin and antiheat shock protein antibodies and cardiac transplant outocome. J Heart Lung Transplant 2004 ; 23 : 204-9.
7) Joosten SA, et al. Antibody response against perlecan and collagen types IV and VI in chronic renal allograft rejection in the rat. Am J Pathol 2002 ; 160 : 1301-10.
8) Yabu JM, et al. C1q-fixing human leukocyte antigen antibodies are specific for predicting transplant glomerulopathy and late graft failure after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2010 ; 91 : 342-7.
9) Haas M, et al. Banff 2013 meeting report : inclusion of c4d-negative antibody-mediated rejection and antibody-associated arterial lesions. Am J Transplant 2014 ; 14 : 272-83.
10) Aita K, et al. Thickening of the peritubular capillary basement membrane is a useful diagnostic marker of chronic rejection in renal allografts. Am J Transplant 2007 ; 7 : 923-29.
11) Yamamoto I, et al. Glomerular expression of plasmalemmal vesicle-associated protein-1 in patients with transplant glomerulopathy.Am J Transplant 2007 ; 7 : 1954-60.
P.101 掲載の参考文献
1) Solez K, et al. International standardization of criteria for the histologic diagnosis of renal allograft rejection : the Banff working classification of kidney transplant pathology. Kidney Int 1993 ; 44 : 411-22.
2) Racusen LC, et al. The Banff 97 working classification of renal allograft pathology. Kidney Int 1999 ; 55 : 713-23.
3) 小池淳樹. 移植腎病理のBanff分類. 病理と臨床 2011 ; 29 : 1223-31.
4) Solez K, et al. Banff '05 Meeting Report : differential diagnosis of chronic allograft injury and elimination of chronic allograft nephropathy ('CAN'). Am J Transplant 2007 ; 7 : 518-26.
5) Mannon RB, et al. Inflammation in areas of tubular atrophy in kidney allograft biopsies : a potent predictor of allograft failure. Am J Transplant 2010 ; 10 : 2066-73.
6) Haas M. Chronic allograft nephropathy or interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy : what is in a name? Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2014 ; 23 : 245-50.
7) Melk A, et al. Effects of donor age and cell senescence on kidney allograft survival. Am J Transplant 2009 ; 9 : 114-23.
8) Schmitt R, et al. New insights on molecular mechanisms of renal aging. Am J Transplant 2012 ; 12 : 2892-900.
9) Powell JT, et al. Managing renal transplant ischemia reperfusion injury : novel therapies in the pipeline. Clin Transplant 2013 ; 27 : 484-91.
10) Shimizu A, et al. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after renal transplantation. Clin Transplant 2011 ; 25 : 6-14.
P.108 掲載の参考文献
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