臨床腫瘍学 CLINICAL ONCOLOGY（日本臨床腫瘍研究会編）

電子書籍
章別単位で購入
ブラウザ、アプリ閲覧

8,250 円(税込)

購入する

商品紹介

各々の疾患の診断、治療のstate of the art、およびそれに至るまでに必要な知識、研究を網羅した臨床腫瘍学の教科書。

目次

  • 表紙
  • 序文
  • 執筆者一覧
  • レビュアー一覧
  • 目次
  • 1. がん細胞の特性
  • 2. がんの分子生物学
  • 3. がん細胞の分化誘導
  • 4. がん遺伝子・がん抑制遺伝子
  • 5. 細胞周期
  • 6. アポトーシス
  • 7. 細胞内シグナル伝達因子
  • 8. 染色体異常
  • 9. 発がん
  • 10. 転移
  • 11. 腫瘍免疫
  • 12. 血管新生
  • 13. 疫学
  • 14. がんの予防
  • 15. 悪性腫瘍の外科療法
  • 16. 放射線療法
  • 17. Interventional Radiology
  • 18. がん化学療法
  • 19. 抗がん剤の臨床薬理
  • 20. 臨床試験
  • 21. がん治療におけるインフォームドコンセント
  • 22. 新抗がん剤
  • 23. 腫瘍診断学
  • a. 内視鏡検査
  • b. 腫瘍マーカー
  • c. 画像診断
  • 24. 頭頸部がんと甲状腺がん
  • 25. 肺がん
  • a. 小細胞肺がん
  • b. 肺非小細胞がんの化学療法
  • 26. 縦隔腫瘍
  • 27. 縦隔胚細胞腫瘍
  • 28. 食道がん治療における最近の動向
  • 29. 胃がん
  • 30. 膵がん
  • 31. 肝がん, 胆嚢がん
  • 32. 結腸・直腸がん
  • 33. 腎細胞がん
  • 尿路上皮がん
  • 34. 前立腺がん
  • 35. 精巣腫瘍
  • 36. 子宮頸がん
  • 子宮体がん
  • 外陰がん
  • 37. 卵巣腫瘍
  • 38. 乳がん
  • 39. 悪性骨軟部腫瘍の治療
  • 40. メラノーマ・皮膚がん
  • 41. 脳腫瘍
  • 42. 小児固形がん
  • 43. 小児白血病・リンパ腫
  • 44. 白血病と類縁疾患
  • 45. リンパ系腫瘍
  • 46. 多発性骨髄腫
  • 47. 腫瘍随伴症候群
  • 48. 原発不明がん
  • 49. 腫瘍関連緊急対策
  • a. 上大静脈症候群・代謝異常
  • b. 緊急手術
  • c. 泌尿器対策
  • 50. 支持療法
  • a. がん性疼痛対策
  • b. 自家造血幹細胞移植
  • c. 同種骨髄移植
  • d. 栄養対策
  • e. 悪性心膜液対策
  • f. がん性腹膜炎・がん性腹水
  • 51. がん関連感染症
  • 52. 治療の副作用
  • a. 脱毛・嘔気・口内炎
  • b. 心肺毒性・生殖異常
  • c. 二次発がん
  • 53. サイコオンコロジー
  • 54. がんの病理診断学
  • 55. 転移性肺腫瘍
  • 56. 転移性骨腫瘍
  • 57. がん看護
  • 58. 新しいがん治療法
  • a. がんに対するBRM療法
  • b. 重粒子線治療
  • c. レーザー光化学治療
  • d. 術中照射
  • e. 遺伝子治療
  • f. 内視鏡治療
  • 抗がん剤一覧表
  • 索引
  • 奥付

この書籍の参考文献

参考文献のリンクは、リンク先の都合等により正しく表示されない場合がありますので、あらかじめご了承下さい。

本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

1. がん細胞の特性

P.10 掲載の参考文献
1) Rous P:A sarcoma of the fowl transmissible by an agent separable from the tumor cells. J. Exp. Med. 13:397-411, 1911.
 
2) Fujinami A, Inamoto, K:Uber geschwulste bei japanischen haushuhnern, insbesondere, uber einen transplantablen tumor. Z. Krebsforsch. 14:94-119, 1914.
 
3) Stehelin D, Varmus H E, Bishop J M, et al:DNA related to the transforming genes of avian sarcoma viruses is present in normal avian DNA. Nature 260:170-173, 1976.
 
4) Hayward W S, Neel B G, Astrin S M, :Activation of cellular onc "o"gene by promoter insertion in ALV-induced lymphoidleukosis. Nature 290:475-480, 1981.
 
5) Rabbits T H:Chromosomal translocations in human cancer. Nature 372:143-149, 1994.
 
6) Seeger R C, Brodeur G M, Sather H, et al:Association of multiple copies of the N-myconcogene with rapid progression of neuroblastomas. N. Engl. J. Med. 313:1111-1116, 1985.
 
7) Slamon D J, Clark G M, Wong S G, et al:Human breast cancer:Correlation of relapse and survival with amplification of the HER-2/neu oncogene. Science 235:177-182, 1987.
PubMed
8) Harris H:The analysis of malignany in cell fusion;The position in 1988. Cancer Res. 48:3302-3306, 1988.
 
9) Knudson A G:Mutation and cancer;Statistical study of retinoblastoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68:820-823, 1971.
PubMed
10) Friend S H, Bernards R, Rogelj S, et al:A human DNA segment with properties of the gene that predisposes to retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma. Nature 323:643-646, 1986.
PubMed
11) Finlay C A, Hinds P W, Levine A T:The p 53 proto-oncogene can act as a suppressor of transformation. Cell 57:1083-1093, 1989.
 
12) Greenblatt M S, Bennett W P, Hollstein M, et al:Mutations in the p 53 tumor suppressorgene:Clues to cancer etiology and molecular pathogenesis. Cancer Res. 54:4855-4878, 1994.
 
13) Kamb A, Gruis N A, Weaver-Feldhaus J, et al:Acell cycle regulator potentially involved in genesis of many tumor types. Science 264:436-440, 1994.
 
14) Hunter T, Pines J:Cyclins and cancer II:cyclin D and CDK inhibitors come of age. Cell 79:573-582, 1994.
PubMed
15) 松影昭夫:DNA複製とその制御. 東京大学出版会, 1995.
 
16) Arnord A, Kim H G, Gaz R D, et al:Molecular cloning and chromosomal mapping of DNA rearranged with the parathyroidhormone gene in a parathyroid adenoma. J. Clin. Invest. 83:2034-2040, 1989.
 
17) Seto M, Yamamoto K, Iida S, et al:Gene rearrangement and overexpression of PRAD in lymphoid malignancy with t (11;14) (q 13;q 32) translocation. Oncogene 7:1401-1406, 1992.
 
18) Lane D P:p53, guardian of the genome. Nature 358:15-16, 1992.
PubMed
19) Nagata S, Golstein P:The Fas death factor. Scienece 367:1449-1456, 1995.
 
20) Thompson C B:Apoptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease. Science 267:1456-1462, 1995.
PubMed
21) Lynch H T, Krush A J:Cancer family "G" revised:1985-1970. Cancer 27:1505-1511, 1971.
 
22) Mara G, Richard-Boland C:Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.:the syndrome, the gene, and historical perspectives. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87:1114-1125, 1995.
 
23) Laird P N, Jackson-Grusby L, Fazeli A, et al:Suppression of intestinsl neoplasia by DNA hypomethylation. Cell 81:197-205, 1995.
 
24) Kim N M, Piatyszek M A, Prouse K R, et al:Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer. Scinece 266:2011-2015, 1994.
 
25) Fearon E R, Vogelstein B:A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis. Cell 61:759-767, 1990.
PubMed
26) O'Reilly M S, et al:Angiostain.:Anovel angiogenesis inhibitor that mediates the suppression of metastases by a Lewis lung carcinoma. Cell 79:315-328, 1994.
 
27) Folkman J:Angiogenesis in cancer, vascular, rheumatoid and other disease. Nature Med. 1:27-31, 1995.
PubMed
28) Fidler I J, Ellis L M:The implications of angiogenesis for the biology and therapy of cancer metastsis. Cell 79:185-188, 1994.
 
29) Vogt M, Dulbecco R:Virus-cell interaction with a tumor producing virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. UAS 46:365-370, 1960.
 

2. がんの分子生物学

P.24 掲載の参考文献
1) Tooze J (ed.) :"Molecular Biology of Tumor Virus", Cold Spring Habor Laboratories, 1973.
 
1) がんのバイオサイエンス1～5巻. (編集代表 豊島久真男, 黒木登志夫) . 東大出版会, 1991.
 
2) 癌解明への新しいアプローチ (豊島久真男・他編) . 最近医学, 1993年増刊.
 
2) Weiss R, Teichi N, Varmus H, et al (eds.) :"Molecular Biology of Tumor Virus", 2nd editon, RNA Tumor Viruses", 1982;Supplements and Appendixes, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, 1985.
 
3) Poiesz BJ, Ruscetti FW, Gazdar AF, et al:Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:7415-7419, 1980.
PubMed
4) Hinuma Y, Nagata K, Misaka M, et al:Adult T cell leukemia:antigen in an ATL cell line and detection of antibodies to the antigen in human sera. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:6476-6480, 1981.
 
5) Yohsida M, Seiki M:Recent advances in the molecular biology of HTLV-1:trans-activation of viral and cellular genes. Annu. Rev. Immunol 5:541-559, 1987.
 
6) Witkowski JA:The inherited character of cancer-an historical survey. Cancer Cell. 2:229-257, 1990.
 
7) Benedict WF, Xu H. -J., Hu S-X, Takahashi R:Role of the retinoblastoma gene in the initiation and progression of human cancer. J. Clin. Invest. 85:988-993, 1990.
 
8) Fearon ER, Vogelstein B:Agenetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis. Cell 61:759-767, 1990.
 
9) Knudson AG, Stanbridge EJ, Sugimura T, et al (eds.) :"Genetic Basis for Carcinogenesis;Tumor Suppressor Genes and Oncogenes", Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo 1989.
 
10) Nishizuka Y:The role of protein kinase C in cellular signal transduction. Nature 308:693-698, 1984.
PubMed
11) Itai A, Kato Y, Tomioka N, et al:A receptor model for tumor promoters:Rational superposition of teleocidins and phorbol esters. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:3688-3692, 1988.
PubMed
12) Hunter T, Sefton BM:Transforming gene product of Rous sarcoma virus phosphorylates tyrosine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:1311-1315, 1980.
PubMed
13) Hunter T, Pines J:Cyclins and Cancer II:Cyclin D and CDK Inhibitors Come of Age. Cell 79:573-582, 1994.
PubMed

3. がん細胞の分化誘導

P.38 掲載の参考文献
1) 発癌と制癌の化学. 首藤紘一・橋本祐一編, 広川書店, 東京, 1990.
 
2) 癌細胞の分化誘導と制癌. 穂積本男・高久史麿編, ソフトサイエンス社, 東京, 1985.
 
3) 癌細胞の分化誘導とアポトーシス. 穂積本男・斉藤政樹・佐藤光信編, 共立出版, 東京, 1995.
 
4) Maeda M, Ichikawa Y:Spontaneous development of macrophage-like cells in a culture of myeloid leukemia cells. Gann 64:265-271, 1973, 1970.
 
5) Ichikawa Y:Differentiation of a cell line of myeloid leukemia. J. Cell Physiol. 74:223-234, 1969.
PubMed
6) Nicola NA, Metcalf D, Matsumoto M, et al:Purification of a factor inducing differentiation in murine myelomonocyticleukemia cells. Identification as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. J. Biol. Chem. 258:9017-9023, 1983.
PubMed
7) Tomida M, Yamamoto-Yamaguchi Y, Hozumi M:Purification of a factor inducing differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemic M 1 cells from conditioned medium of mouse fibroblast L 929 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 259:10978-10982, 1984.
 
8) Lotem J, Sachs L:Induction of specific changes in the surface membrane of myeloid leukemic cells by steroid hormones. Int. J. Cancer 15:731-740, 1975.
PubMed
9) Friend C, Scher JG, Holland JG, et al:Hemoglobin synthesis in murine virus induced leukemic cels in vitro:stimulation of erythroid differentiation by dimethyl sulfoxide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68:378-382, 1971.
 
10) Lozzio CB, Lozzio BB:Human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell-line with positive Philadelphia chromosome. Blood 45:321-334, 1975.
PubMed
11) Collins SJ, Gallo RC, Gallagher RE:Continuous growth and differentiation of human myeloid leukemic cells in suspension culture. Nature 270:347-349, 1977.
PubMed
12) Koeffler HP, Golde DW:Acute myelogenous leukemia:ahuman cell line responsive to colony-stimulating activity. Science 200:1153-1154, 1978.
 
13) Collins SJ, Ruscetti FW, Gallagher RE, et al:Terminal differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells induced by dimethylsulfoxide and other polar compounds. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 75:2458-2462, 1978.
PubMed
14) Breitman TR, Selonick SE, Collins SJ:Induction of differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60) , by retinoic acid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:2936-2940, 1980.
PubMed
15) Heberman E, Callaham MF:Induction of terminal differentiation in human promyelocytic leukemia cells by tumor-promoting agents. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:1293-1297, 1979.
 
16) Miyaura C, Abe E, Kuribayashi T, et al:1α, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 induces differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 101:1131-1138, 1981.
 
17) Ball ED, Guyre PM, Shen L, et al:Gamma interferon induces monocytoid differentiation in the HL-60 cell line, J. Clin. Invest. 73:1072-1077, 1984.
 
18) Strickland S, Mahdavi V:The induction of differentiation in teratocarcinomas stem cells by retinoic acid. Cell 15:393-403, 1978.
PubMed
19) Huang M, Ye Y, Chen S, et al:Use of all-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 72:567-572, 1988.
PubMed
20) "The Retinoids", 2nd ed,. eds. by Sporn MB, Roberts AB, Goodman DS, Raven Press 1994.
 
21) Evans RM:The steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. Science 240:889-895, 1988.
PubMed
22) 「レチノイド」, 橋本祐一・首藤紘一編, 講談社サイエンティフィク, 1992.
 
23) Blumberg PM:Protein kinase C as the receptor for the phorbol ester tumor promoters. Cancer Res. 48:1-8, 1988.
 
24) Hashimoto Y, Shudo K:Cytosolic-nuclear tumor promoter-specific binding protein:association with the 90kDa heat shock protein and translocation into nuclei by treatment with 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 82:665-675, 1991.
 
25) Verma A, Nye JS, Snyder SH:Porphyrins are endogenous ligands for the mitochondrial (peripheral-type) benzodiazepine receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:2256-2260, 1987.
PubMed
26) Weiss B, Sachs L:Indirect induction of differentiation in myeloid leukemic cells by lipid A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 75:1374-1378, 1978.
PubMed
27) Imashuku S, Fossett MC III, Green AA:Characterization of adenosine cyclic 3':5'-monophosphate-binding proteins in human neuroblastoma. Cancer Res. 39:3006-3013, 1979.
 
28) Hsie AW, Puck TT:Morphological transformation of chinese hamster cells by adenosine cyclic 3':5'-monophosphate and testosterone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68:358-361, 1971.
PubMed
29) Nakajima O, Sugishita Y, Hashimoto Y, et al:Increase in the chemically induced differentiation of human leukemia cell lines by tubulin disruptors. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 17:742-744, 1994.
PubMed
30) Honma Y, Kasukabe T, Hozumi M:Inhibition of differentiation of cultured mouse myeloid leukemia cells by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and counteraction of the inhibition by prostaglandin E. Cancer Res. 39:2190-2194, 1979.
PubMed
31) Griffin J, Munroe D, Major P, et al:Induction of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells by inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Exp. Hematol. 10:774-781, 1982.
PubMed
32) Lotem J, Sachs L:Regulation of normal differentiation in mouse and human myeloid leukemia cells by phorbol esters and the mechanism of tumor promotion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:5158-5162, 1979.
PubMed
33) Tomida M, Yamamoto Y, Hozumi M:Induction by synthetic polyribonucleotide poly (I) of differentiation of cultured mouse myeloid leukemic cells. Cell Differ. 7:305-312, 1978.
PubMed
34) Okabe J, Hayashi M, Honma Y, et al:Induction of differentiation of cultured mouse myeloid leukemic cells by arginase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 89:879-884, 1979.
PubMed
35) Okabe-Kado J, Honma Y, Hayashi M, et al:Effects of histone fractions on induction of differentiation of cultured mouse myeloid leukemia cells. Cancer Lett. 41:1997-2002, 1981.
 
36) Mizoguchi H, Fukasawa H, Steuernagel A, et al:Specific binding of 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate to histone H1. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 17:1114-1117, 1994.
 
37) Petkovich M, Brand NJ, Krust A, et al:A human retinoic acid receptor which belongs to the family of nuclear receptors. Nature 330:444-450, 1987.
 
38) O'Malley B:The steroid receptor superfamily:more excitement predicted for the future. Mol. Endocrinol. 4:363-369, 1990.
PubMed
39) 橋本祐一:レチノイドと核内レセプター. 血液:19-29, 1994.
 
40) Beato M:Gene regulation by steroid hormones. Cell 56:335-344, 1989.
PubMed
41) Evans RM, Hollenberg SM:Zinc fingers:gilt by association. Cell 52:1-3, 1988.
PubMed
42) Hashimoto Y, Shudo K:Retinoids and their nuclear receptors. Cell Biol. Rev. 25:209-230, 1991.
 
43) Kurokawa R, Soederstroem M, Hoerlein A, et al:Polarity-specific activities of retinoic acid receptors determined by a co-repressor. Nature 377:451-454, 1995.
 
44) Forman BM, Samuels HH:Interactions among a subfamily of nuclear hormone receptors:the regulatory zipper model. Mol. Endocrinol. 4:1293-1301, 1990.
PubMed
45) Hoerlein AJ, Naar AM, Heizel T, et al:Ligand-independent repression by the thyroid hormone receptor mediated by a nuclear co-repressor. Nature 377:397-404, 1995.
 
46) Chen AD, Evans RM:A transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with nuclear hormone receptors. Nature 377:454-457, 1995.
 
47) Mangelsdorf DA, Ong ES, Duck JA, et al:Nuclear receptor that identifies a novel retinoic acid pathway. Nature 345:224-229, 1990.
 
48) Allegretto EA, Shevde N, Zou A, et al:Retinoid X receptor acts as a hormone receptor in vivo to induce a key metabolic enzyme for 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamine D3. J. Biol. Chem. 270:23906-23909, 1995.
 
49) Dawson MI, Elstner E, Kizaki M, et al:Myeloid differentiation mediated through retinoic acid receptor/retinoid X receptor (RXR) not RXR/RXR pathway. Blood 84:446-452, 1994.
 
50) Houle B, Leduc F, Bradley WEC:Implication of RARB in epidermoid (squamous) lung cancer. Genes Chromosom. Cancer 3:358-366, 1991.
 
51) de The H, Chomienne C, Lanotte M, et al:The t(15:17) translocation of acute promyelocytic leukaemia fuses the retinoic acid receptor α gene to a novel transcribed locus. Nature 347:558-561, 1990.
 
52) 橋本祐一, 首藤紘一:PML-RAR α の機能. 血液・腫瘍科 30:74-78, 1995.
 
53) Dyck JA, Maul GG, Miller WH Jr, et al:A novel macromolecular structure is a target of the promyelocyte-retinoic acid receptor oncoprotein. Cell 76:333-347, 1994.
PubMed
54) Abe E, Miyaura C, Sakagami H, et al:Differentiation of mouse erythroid leukemia cells by 1 α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:4990-4994, 1981.
 
55) Metcalf D, Moore MAS, Warner NL:Colony formation in vitro by myelomonocytic leukemia cells. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 43:983-997, 1969.
 
56) Metcalf D:Clonal analysis of the action of GM-CSF on the proliferation and differentiation of myelomonocytic leukemia cells. Int. J. Cancer 24:616-623, 1979.
PubMed
57) Moore MAS, Gabrilove J, Sheridan AP:Myeloid leukemic cell differentiation induced by human postendotoxin serum and vitamin analogues. Haematol. Bluttransfus. 28:327-337, 1983.
 
58) Cooper PC, Metcalf D, Burgess A:Biochemical and functional characterization of mature progeny purified from a myelomonocytic leukemia cell line. Leukemia Res. 6:313-327, 1982.
PubMed
59) Gamba-Vitalo C, Blair OC, Tritton TR, et al:Cytotoxicity and differentiating actions of adriamycin in WEHI-3B D+ leukemia cells. Leukemia 1:188-197, 1987.
PubMed
60) Marks P, Rifkind RA:Erythroleukemic differentiation. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 47:419-448, 1978.
PubMed
61) Clarke GD, Ryan PJ:Tranquillizers can block mitogenesis in 3T3 cells and induce differentiation of Friend cells. Nature 287:160-161, 1980.
PubMed
62) Hozumi M:Fundamentals of chemotherapy of myeloid leukemia by induction of leukemia cell differentiation. Adv. Cancer Res. 38:121-169, 1983.
PubMed
63) Andersson LC, Jokinen M, Gahmberg CG:Induction of erythroid differentiation in the human leukemia cell line K562. Nature 278:364-365, 1979.
PubMed
64) Hozumi M:A new approach to chemotherapy of myeloid leukemia cells by inducer of normal differentiation. Cancer Biol. Rev. 3:153-211, 1982.
 
65) Koeffler HP, Bar-Eli M, Territo MC:Phorbol ester effect on differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cell lines blocked at different stages of maturation. Cancer Res. 41:919-926, 1981.
PubMed
66) Gianni AM, Presta M, Polli E, et al:in "Advances in Red Blood Cell Biology", Raven Press, 1982, pp. 279-287.
 
67) Minowada J:in "Human Lymphocyte Differentiation", INSERM SYMP No. 8, eds. Serrou B, Rosenfeld C, Elsevier Press, 1978, pp. 337-344.
 
68) Sundstroem C, Nilsson K:Establishment and characterization of a human histocytic lymphoma cell line (U-937) . Int. J. Cancer 17:565-577, 1976.
 
69) Olsson IL, Breitman TR:Induction of differentiation of the human histocytic lymphoma cell line U-937 by retinoic acid and cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-inducing agents. Cancer Res. 42:3924-3927, 1982.
 
70) Olsson I, Gullberg U, Ivhed I, et al:Induction of differentiation of the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U-937 by 1 α, 25-dihydroxycholcalciferol. Cancer Res. 43:5862-5867, 1983.
 
71) Tsuchiya S, Yamabe M, Yamaguchi Y, et al:Establishment and characterization of a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) . Int. J. Cancer 26:171-176, 1980.
PubMed
72) Ohta M, Furukawa Y, Ide C, et al:Establishment and characterization of four human monocytoid leukemia cell lines (JOSK-1, -S, -M and-K) with capabilities of monocyte-macrophage lineage differentiation and constitutive production of interleukin 1. Cancer Res. 46:3067-3074, 1986.
 
73) Artzt K, Dubois P, Bennett D, et al:Surface antigens common to mouse cleavage embryos and primitive teratocarcinoma cells in culture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 70:2988-2992, 1973.
PubMed
74) Hu F, Lesney PF:The isolation and cytology of two pigment cell straines from B16 mouse melanomas. Cancer Res. 24:1634-1643, 1964.
 
75) Oikawa A, Nakayasu M:Stimulation of melanogenesis in cultured melanoma cells by calciferols. FEBS Lett. 42:32-35, 1974.
PubMed
76) Green H, Kehinde O:Sublines of mouse 3T3 cells that accumulate lipid. Cell 1:113-116, 1974.
 
77) Rubin CS, Hirsch A, Fung C, et al:Development of hormone receptors and hormonal responsiveness in vitro:insulin receptors and insulin sensitivity in the preadipocyte and adipocyte forms of 3T3-L1 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 253:7570-7578, 1978.
PubMed
78) Sudo H, Kodama H, Amagai Y, et al:In vitro differentiation and calcification in a new clonal osteogenic cell line derived from newborn mouse calvaria. J. Cell Biol 96:191-198, 1983.
 
79) Sidell N:Retinoic acid-induced growth inhibition and morphologic differentiation of human neuroblastoma cells in vitro. J. Natl. Inst. 68:589-596, 1981.
 
80) Pahlman S, Odelstad L, Larsson E, et al:Phenotypic changes of human neuroblastoma cells in culture induced by 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Int. J. Cancer 28:583-589, 1981.
 
81) Littauer UZ, Palfrey C, Kimhi Y, et al:Induction of differentiation in mouse neuroblastoma cells. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 48:333-337, 1978.
PubMed
82) Ishii DN, Maniatis GM:Haemin promotes rapid neurite outgrowth in cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells. Nature 274:372-374, 1978.
PubMed
83) Sandquist D, Williams TH, Sahu SK, et al:Morphological differentiation of a murine neuroblastoma clone in monolayer culture induced by dexamethasone. Exp. Cell Res. 113:375-381, 1978.
PubMed
84) Prasad KN:Differentiation of neuroblastoma cells in culture. Biol. Rev. 50:129-265, 1975.
PubMed
85) Rizzino A, Crowley C:Growth and differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cell line F9 in defined media. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:457-461, 1980.
PubMed
86) Lotan R, Neumann G, Lotan D:Characterization of retinoid-induced alterations in the proliferation and differentiation of a murine and a human melanoma cell line in culture. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 359:150-170, 1981.
 
87) Buzard RL, Hutchens TW, Haukins EF, et al:Clonal variants of a melanoma cell Iine sensitive to growth inhibition by dexamethasone. Exp. Cell Res. 138:385-396, 1982.
 
88) Nishihara T, Kasai M, Hayashi Y, et al:Experimental studies on differentiation of cells originated from human neural crest tumors in vitro and in vivo. Cell. Mol. Biol. 27:181-196, 1981.
 
89) Lever JE:Cyclic AMP and inducers of mammalian cell differentiation stimulate dome formation in mammary and renal epithelial cell cultures. Hormones and Cell Culture, Book B, Cold Spring Harbor Conferences on Cell Proliferation, Vol. 6, 727-738, 1979.
 
90) Dulbecco R, Bologna M, Unger M:Control of differentiation of a mammary cell line by lipids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:1551-1555, 1980.
PubMed
91) Kim YS, Tsao D, Siddiqui B, et al:Effect of sodium butylate and dimethylsulfoxide on biochemical properties of human colon cancer cells. Cancer 45:1185-1192, 1980.
 
92) Nakajima O, Hashimoto Y, Iwasaki S:Enhancement by retinoid of hemin-induced differentiation of human leukemia K562 cell line. FEBS Lett. 330:81-84, 1993.
PubMed
93) Olsson IL, Breitman TR, Gallo RC:Priming of human myeloid leukemic cell lines HL-60 and U-937 with retinoic acid for differentiation effects of cyclic adenosine 3'-:5-monophosphate-inducing agents and a T-lymphocyte-derived differentiation factor. Cancer Res. 42:3928-3933, 1982.
 
94) Breitman TR, Keene BR, Henmi H:Retinoic acid-induced differentiation of fresh human leukaemia cells and the human myelomonocytic leukaemia cell Iines, HL-60, U-937 and THP-1. Cancer Surveys 2:263-291, 1983.
 
95) Novikoff AB, Novikoff PM, Rosen OM, et al:Organelle relationships in cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. J. Cell Biol. 87:180-196, 1980.
PubMed
96) Nakajima O, Hashimoto Y, Iwasaki S:Erythroid differentiation-inducing activity of protoporphyrin IX and its analogs on human leukemia K562 cell line. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 198:720-727, 1994.
PubMed
97) Schulman IG, Chakravarti D, Juguilon H, et al:Interaction between the retinoid X receptor and a conserved region of the TATA binding protein mediate hormone-dependent transactivation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:8288-8292, 1995.
 

4. がん遺伝子・がん抑制遺伝子

P.54 掲載の参考文献
1) Bishop JM:The molecular genetics of cancer. Science 235:305-311, 1987.
PubMed
2) Ponder B:Gene losses in human tumours. Nature 335:400-402.
PubMed
3) James GL, Goldstein JL, Brown MS, et al:Benzodiazepine peptidomimetics:potent inhibitors of ras farnesylation in animal cells. Science, 1993.
PubMed
4) Kohl NE, Mosser SD, deSolms J, et al:Selective inhibition ofras-dependent transformation by a farnesyltransferase inhibitor. Science 260:1934-1937, 1993.
 
5) Bos JL.:Ras oncogenes in human cancer;a review. Cancer Res. 49. 4672-4689, 1989.
 
6) Blackwell TK, Kretzner L, Blackwood EM, et al:Sequence-specific DNA binding by the cmyc protein. Science 250:1149-1151, 1990.
PubMed
7) Blackwood EM, Eisenman RN:Max:a helix-loop-helix zipper protein that forms a sequence-specific DNA-binding complex with myc. Science 251:1211-1217, 1991.
 
8) Schwab M, Amler LC:Amplification of cellular oncogenes:apredictor of clinical outcome in human cancer. Genes Chrom. & Cancer 1:181-193, 1990.
 
9) Plowman GD, Green JM, Culouscou J, et al:Heregulin induces tyrosine phosphorylation of HER 4/p 180 erbB 4. Nature 366:473-475, 1993.
 
10) van Heyningen V:One gene-four syndromes. Nature 367:319-320, 1994.
PubMed
11) Lugo TG, Pendergast AM, Muller AJ, et al:Tyrosine kinase activity and transformation by the BCR/abl oncogene products. Science 247:1079-1082, 1990.
PubMed
12) Benedict WF, Xu H, Hu S, et al:Role of the retinoblastoma gene in the initiation and progression of human cancer. J. Clin. Invest. 85:988-993, 1990.
 
13) Helin K, Lees JA, Vidal M, et al:A cDNA encoding a pRB-binding protein with properties of the transcription factor E2F. Cell 70:337-350, 1992.
 
14) Kaelin WG, Krek W, Sellers WR, et al:Expression cloning of a cDNA encoding a retinoblastoma-binding protein with E2F-like properties. Cell 70:351-364, 1992.
PubMed
15) Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW:p 53 function and dysfunction. Cell 70:523-526, 1992.
 
16) Greenblatt MS, Bennett WP, Hollstein M, et al:Mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene:clues to cancer etiology and molecular pathogenesis. Cancer Res. 54:4855-4878, 1994.
PubMed
17) Rubinfeld B, Souza B, Albert I, et al:Association of the APC gene product with β-catenin. Science 262:1731-1734, 1993.
 
18) Su L, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW:Association of the APC tumor suppressor protein with catenins. Science 262:1734-1737, 1993.
PubMed
19) Powell SM, Zilz N, Beazer-Barclay Y, et al:APC mutations occur early during colorectal tumorigenesis. Nature 359:235-237, 1992.
PubMed
20) Drummond IA, Madden SL, Rohwer-Nutter P, et al:Repression of the insulin-like growth factor II gene by the Wilms tumor suppressor WT1. Science 257:674-678, 1992.
PubMed
21) Tycko B:Genomic imprinting:Mechanism and role in human pathology. Am. J. Pathol. 144:431-443, 1994.
PubMed
22) Futreal A, Liu Q, Shattuck-Eidens D, et al:BRCA1 mutations in primary breast and ovarian carcinomas. Science 266:120-122, 1994.
 
23) Wooster R, Neuhausen SL, Mangion J, et al:Localization of a breast cancer susceptibility gene, BRCA2, to chromosome 13q12-13. Science 265:2088-2090, 1994.
PubMed
24) Modrich P:Mismatch repair, genetic stability, and cancer. Science 266:1959-1960, 1994.
PubMed
25) Parsons R, Li G, Longley MJ, et al:Hypermutability and mismatch repair deficiency in RER+ tumor cells. Cell 75:1227-1236, 1993.
PubMed

5. 細胞周期

P.62 掲載の参考文献
1) Nurse P:Universal control mechanism regulating onset of M-phase. Nature 344:503-508, 1990.
PubMed
2) King RW, Jackson PK, Kirschner MW:Mitosis in transition. Cell 79:563-571, 1994.
PubMed
3) Sherr C:Mammalian G 1 cyclins. Cell 73:1059-1065, 1993.
 
4) Hunter T:Braking the cycle. Cell 7 5:839-841, 1993.
 
5) Sherr CJ:G 1 phase progression:Cycling on cue. Cell 79:551-555, 1994.
 
6) Hunter T, Pinegi J:Cyclinsgi and cancer II:Cyclin D and CDK inhibitors come of age. Cell 79:573-582, 1994.
 
7) De Bondt HL, Rosenblatt J, Jancarik J, et al:Crystal structure of cyclin-dependent kinase 2. Nature 1993:595-602, 1993.
PubMed
8) Weinberg RA:The retinoblastoma protein and cell cycle control. Cell 81:323-330, 1995.
PubMed
9) Nevins JR:E2F:a link between the Rb tumor suppressor protein and viral oncoproteins. Science 258:424-429, 1992.
PubMed
10) Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW:p53 function and dysfunction. Cell 70:523-526, 1992.
PubMed
11) Prives C:How loops, b-sheets and a helices help us to understand p 53. Cell 78:839-841, 1994.
 

6. アポトーシス

P.73 掲載の参考文献
1) Kerr JFR, Wyllie AH, Currie AR:Apoptosis:abasic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Br. J. Cancer 26:239-257, 1972.
 
2) Searle J, Lawson TA, Abbott PJ, et al:An electron-microscope study of the mode of cell death induced by cancer-chemotherapeutic agents in populations of proliferating normal and neoplastic cells. J. Pathol. 116:129-138, 1975.
 
3) Wyllie AH:Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation. Nature 284:555-556, 1980.
PubMed
4) Thompson CB:Apoptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease. Science 267:1456-1462, 1995.
PubMed
5) Hickman JA:Apoptosis induced by anticancer drugs. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 11:121-139, 1992.
PubMed
6) Carson DA, Ribeiro JM:Apoptosis and disease. Lancet 341:1251-1254, 1993.
PubMed
7) Ameisen JC, Capron A:Cell dysfunction and depletion in AIDS:the programmed cell death hypothesis. Immunol. Today 12:102-105, 1991.
PubMed
8) Groux H, Torpier G, Monte D, et al:Activation-induced death by apoptosis in CD 4+ Tcells from human immunodeficiency virus-infected asymptomatic individuals. J. Exp. Med. 175:331-340, 1992.
 
9) Gaugeon M-L, Montagnier L:Apoptosis in AIDS. Science 260:1269-1270, 1993.
 
10) Ziv I, Melamed E, Nardi N, et al:Dopamine induces apoptosis-like cell death in cultured chick sympathetic neurons-a possible novel pathogenetic mechanism in Parkinson's disease. Neurosci. Lett. 170:136-140, 1994.
PubMed
11) Takashima A, Noguchi K, Sato K, et al:tau protein kinase I is essential for amyloid β-protein induced neurotoxicity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:7789-7793, 1993.
 
12) Loo DT, Copani A, Pike CJ, et al:Apoptosis is induced by β-amyloid in cultured central nervous system neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:7951-7955, 1993.
 
13) Yoshida Y:Hypothesis:apoptosis may be the mechanism responsible for the premature intramedullary cell death in the myelodysplastic syndrome. Leukemia 7:144-146, 1993.
PubMed
14) Tanaka M, Ito H, Adachi S:Hypoxia induces apoptosis with enhanced expression of Fas antigen messenger RNA in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Circ. Res. 75:426-433, 1994.
PubMed
15) Rosenbaum DM, Kalberg J, Kessler JA:Superoxide dismutase ameliorates neuronal death from hypoxia in culture. Stroke 25:857-862, 1994.
PubMed
16) Gottlieb RA, Burleson KO, Kloner RA, et al:Reperfusion injury induces apoptosis in rabbit cardiomyocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 94:1621-1628, 1994.
PubMed
17) Goldin RD, Hunt NC, Clark J, et al:Apoptotic bodies in a murine model of alcoholic liver disease:reversibility of ethanol-induced changes. J. Pathol. 171:73-76, 1993.
 
18) Strasser A, Whittingham S, Vaux DL, et al:Enforced BCL 2 expression in B-lymphoid cells prolongs antibody responses and elicits autoimmune disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:8661-8665, 1991.
 
19) Watanabe-Fukunaga R, Brannan CI, Copeland NG, et al:Lymphoproliferation disorder in mice explained by defects in Fas antigen that mediates apoptosis. Nature 356:314-317, 1992.
PubMed
20) Cheng J, Zhou T, Liu C, et al:Protection from Fas-mediated apoptosis by a soluble form of the Fas molecule. Science 263:1759-1762, 1994.
 
21) Cohen S:Purification of a nerve-growth promoting protein from the mouse salivary gland and its neuro-cytotoxic antiserum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 46:302-311, 1960.
PubMed
22) Williams GT, Smith CA, Spooncer E, et al:Haemopoietic colony stimulating factors promote cell survival by suppressing apoptosis. Nature 343:76-79, 1990.
PubMed
23) Boudreau N, Sympson CJ, Werb Z, et al:Suppression of ICE and apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells by extracellular matrix. Science 267:891-893, 1995.
PubMed
24) Duke RC, Cohen JJ:IL-2 addiction:withdrawal of growth factor activates a suicide program in dependent T cells. Lymphokine Res. 5:289-299, 1986.
PubMed
25) Yamaguchi Y, Suda T, Ohta S, et al:Analysis of the survival of mature human eosinophils:interleukin-5 prevents apoptosis in mature human eosinophils. Blood 78:2542-2547, 1991.
PubMed
26) Schmid DS, Tite JP, Ruddle NH:DNA fragmentation:manifestation of target cell destruction mediated by cytotoxic T-cell lines, lymphotoxin-secreting helper T-cell clones, and cell-free lymphotoxin-containing supernatant. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:1881-1885, 1986.
PubMed
27) Dealtry GB, Naylor MS, Fiers W, et al:DNA fragmentation and cytotoxicity caused by tumor necrosis factor is enhanced by interferon-γ. Eur. J. Immunol. 17:689-693, 1987.
 
28) Loetscher H, Pan Y-CE, Lahm H-W, et al:Molecular cloning and expression of the human 55 kd tumor necrosis factor receptor. Cell 61:351-359, 1990.
 
29) Schall TJ, Lewis M, Koller KJ, et al:Molecular cloning and expression of a receptor for human tumor necrosis factor. Cell 61:361-370, 1990.
PubMed
30) Smith CA, Davis T, Anderson D, et al:A receptor for tumor necrosis factor defines an unusual family of cellular and viral proteins. Science 248:1019-1023, 1990.
 
31) Yonehara S, Ishii A, Yonehara M:Acell-killing monoclonal antibody (anti-Fas) to a cell surface antigen co-downregulated with the receptor of tumor necrosis factor. J. Exp. Med. 169:1747-1756, 1989.
 
32) Trauth BC, Klas C, Peters AMJ, et al:Monoclonal antibody-mediated tumor regression by induction of apoptosis. Science 245:301-305, 1989.
 
33) Itoh N, Yonehara S, Ishii A, et al:The polypeptide encoded by the cDNA for human cell surface antigen Fas can mediate apoptosis. Cell 66:233-243, 1991.
PubMed
34) Suda T, Takahashi T, Golstein P, et al:Molecular cloning and expression of the Fas ligand, anovel member of the Tumor necrosis factor family. Cell 75:1169-1178, 1993.
 
35) Nagata S, Golstein P:The Fas death factor. Science 267:1449-1456, 1995.
PubMed
36) Tsujimoto Y, Gorham J, Cossman J, et al:The t (14;18) chromosome translocations involved in B-cell neoplasms result from mistakes in VDJ joining. Science 229:1390-1393, 1985.
 
37) Vaux DL, Cory S, Adams JM:Bcl-2 gene promotes haemopoietic cell survival and cooperates with c-myc to immortalize pre-B cells. Nature 335:440-442, 1988.
 
38) McDonnell TJ, Troncoso P, Brisbay SM, et al:Expression of the protooncogene bcl-2 in the prostate and its association with emergence of androgen-independent prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 52:6940-6944, 1992.
PubMed
39) Castle VP, Heidelberger KP, Bromberg J, et al:Expression of the apoptosis-suppressing protein bcl-2, in neuroblastoma is associated with unfavorable histology and N-myc amplification. Am. J. Pathol. 143:1543-1550, 1993.
 
40) Hague A, Moorghen M, Hicks D, et al:Bcl-2 expression in human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. Oncogene 9:3367-3370, 1994.
PubMed
41) Lowe SW, Schmitt EM, Smith SW, et al:p53 is required for radiation-induced apoptosis in mouse thymocytes. Nature 362:847-849, 1993.
PubMed
42) Lee JM, Bernstein A:p53 mutations increase resistance to ionizing radiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:5742-5746, 1993.
PubMed
43) Evan GI, Wyllie AH, Gilbert CS, et al:Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by c-myc protein. Cell 69:119-128, 1992.
 
44) Bissonnette RP, Echeverri F, Mahboubi A, et al:Apoptotic cell death induced by c-myc is inhibited by bcl-2. Nature 359:552-554, 1992.
 
45) Grassilli E, de Prati AC, Monti D, et al:Studies of the relationship between cell proliferation and cell death. II. Early gene expression during concanavalin A-induced proliferation or dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of rat thymocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 188:1261-1266, 1992.
 
46) Bhalla K, Tang C, Ibrado AM, et al:Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor/interleukin-3 fusion protein (pIXY 321) enhances high-dose Ara-C-induced programmed cell death or apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cells. Blood 80:2883-2890, 1992.
 
47) Asai A, Miyagi Y, Sugiyama A, et al:The s-Myc protein having the ability to induce apoptosis is selectively expressed in rat embryo chondrocytes. Oncogene 9:2345-2352, 1994.
 
48) Tanaka N, Ishihara M, Kitagawa M, et al:Cellular commitment to oncogene-induced transformation or apoptosis is dependent on the transcription factor IRF-1. Cell 77:829-839, 1994.
PubMed
49) Morgenbesser SD, Williams BO, Jacks T, et al:p53-dependent apoptosis produced by Rb-deficiency in the developing mouse lens. Nature 371:72-74, 1994.
PubMed
50) Haas-Kogan DA, Kogan SC, Levi D, et al:Inhibition of apoptosis by the retinoblastoma gene product. EMBO J. 14:461-472, 1995.
PubMed
51) Deng G, Podack ER:Suppression of apoptosis in a cytotoxic T-cell line by interleukin 2-mediated gene transcription and deregulated expression of the protooncogene bcl-2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:2189-2193, 1993.
 
52) Kamesaki H, Zwiebel JA, Reed JC, et al:Role of bcl-2 and IL-5 in the regulation of anti-IgM-induced growth arrest and apoptosis in immature B cell lines. J. Immunol. 152:3294-3305, 1994.
 
53) Askew DS, Ashmun RA, Simmons BC, et al:Constitutive c-myc expression in an IL-3-dependent myeloid cell line suppresses cell cycle arrest and accelerates apoptosis. Oncogene 6:1915-1922, 1991.
 
54) Colotta F, Polentarutti N, Sironi M, et al:Expression and involvement of c-fos and c-jun protooncogenes in programmed cell death induced by growth factor deprivation in lymphoid cell lines. J. Biol. Chem. 267:18278-18283, 1992.
 
55) Yamada T, Ohyama H:Radiation-induced interphase death of rat thymocytes is internally programmed (apoptosis) . Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 53:65-75, 1988.
 
56) Stephens LC, Ang KK, Schultheiss TE, et al:Apoptosis in irradiated murine tumors. Radiat. Res. 127:308-316, 1991.
PubMed
57) Dyson JED, Simmons DM, Daniel J, et al:Kinetic and physical studies of cell death induced by chemotherapeutic agents or hyperthermia. Cell Tissue Kinet. 19:311-324, 1986.
 
58) Harmon BV, Corder AM, Collins RJ, et al:Cell death induced in a murine mastocytoma by 42-47℃ heating in vitro:evidence that the form of death changes from apoptosis to necrosis above a critical heat load. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 58:845-858, 1990.
 
59) Zwelling LA, Kerrigan D, Michaels S:Cytotoxicity and DNA strand breaks by 5-iminodaunorubicin in mouse leukemia L 1210 cells:comparison with adriamycin and 4'-(9-acridinylamino) methanesulfon-m-anisidide. Cancer Res. 42:2687-2691, 1982.
PubMed
60) Loike JD, Horwitz SB:Effect of VP-16-213 on the intracellular degradation of DNA in HeLa cells. Biochemistry 15:5443-5448, 1976.
PubMed
61) Long BH, Musial ST, Brattain MG:Comparison of cytotoxicity and DNA breakage activity of congeners of podophyllotoxin including VP 16-213 and VM 26:a quantitative structure-activity relationship. Biochemistry 23:1183-1188, 1984.
PubMed
62) Kaufmann SH:Induction of endonucleolytic DNA cleavage in human acute myelogenous leukemia cells by etoposide, camptothecin, and other cytotoxic anticancer drugs:a cautionary note. Cancer Res. 49:5870-5878, 1989.
PubMed
63) Lock RB, Ross WE:Inhibition of p34cdc2 kinase activity by etoposide or irradiation as a mechanism of G2 arrest in chinese hamster ovary cells. Cancer Res. 50:3761-3766, 1990.
 
64) Del Bino G, Darzynkiewicz Z:Camptothecin, teniposide, or 4'-(9-acridinylamino) -3-methanesulfon-m-anisidide, but not mitoxantrone or doxorubicin, induces degradation of nuclear DNA in the S phase of HL-60 cells. Cancer Res. 51:1165-1169, 1991.
 
65) Ling YH, Priebe W, Pelez-Soler R:Apoptosis induced by anthracycline antibiotics in P 388 parent and multidrug-resistant cells. Cancer Res. 53:1845-1852, 1993.
 
66) Barry MA, Behnke CA, Eastman A:Activation of programmed cell death (apoptosis) by cisplatin, other anticancer drugs, toxins and hyperthermia. Biochem. Pharmacol. 40:2353-2362, 1990.
PubMed
67) O'Connor PM, Wassermann K, Sarang M, et al:Relationship between DNA cross-links, cell cycle, and apoptosis in Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines differing in sensitivity to nitrogen mustard. Cancer Res. 51:6550-6557, 1991.
PubMed
68) Yoshioka A, Tanaka S, Hiraoka O, et al:Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate imbalance. 5-fluorodeoxyuridine-induced DNA double strand breaks in mouse FM3A cells and the mechanism of cell death. J. Biol. Chem. 262:8235-8241, 1987.
PubMed
69) Lorico A, Toffoli G, Boiocchi M, et al:Accumulation of DNA strand breaks in cells exposed to methotrexate or N10-propargyl-5, 8-dideazafolic acid. Cancer Res. 48:2036-2041, 1988.
PubMed
70) Bhalla K, Ibrado AM, Tourkina E, et al:Taxol induces internucleosomal DNA fragmentation associated with programmed cell death in human myeloid leukemia cells. Leukemia 7:563-568, 1993.
PubMed
71) Kumar G, Ray S, Walle T, et al:Comparative in vitro cytotoxic effects of taxol and its major human metabolite 6 α-hydroxytaxol. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 36:129-135, 1995.
 
72) Fisher TC, Milner AE, Gregory CD, et al:bcl-2 modulation of apoptosis induced by anticancer drugs:resistance to thymidylate stress is independent of classical resistance pathways. Cancer Res. 53:3321-3326, 1993.
PubMed
73) Boise LH, Gonzalez-Garcia M, Postema CE, et al:bcl-x, a bcl-2-related gene that functions as a dominant regulator of apoptotic cell death. Cell 74:597-608, 1993.
PubMed
74) Oltvai ZN, Milliman CL, Korsmeyer SJ:Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programed cell death. Cell 74:609-619, 1993.
PubMed
75) Yin X-M, Oltvai ZN, Korsmeyer SJ:BH1 and BH2 domains of Bcl-2 are required for inhibition of apoptosis and heterodimerization with Bax. Nature 369:321-323, 1994.
PubMed
76) Takayama S, Sato T, Krajewski S, et al:Cloning and functional analysis of BAG-1:a novel Bcl-2-binding protein with anti-cell death activity. Cell 80:279-284, 1995.
PubMed
77) Yang E, Zha J, Jockel J, et al:Bad, a heterodimeric partner for Bcl-xL and Bcl-2, displaces Bax and promotes cell death. Cell 80:285-291, 1995.
PubMed
78) Farrow SN, White JHM, Martinou I, et al:Cloning of bcl-2 homologue by interaction with adenovirus E1B 19 K. Nature 374:731-733, 1995.
 
79) Chittenden T, Harrington EA, O'Connor R, et al:Induction of apoptosis by the Bcl-2 homologue Bak. Nature 374:733-736, 1995.
PubMed
80) Kiefer MC, Brauer MJ, Powers VC, et al:Modulation of apoptosis by the widely distributed Bcl-2 homologue Bak. Nature 374:736-739, 1995.
PubMed
81) Fisher DE:Apoptosis in cancer therapy:crossing the threshold. Cell 78:539-542, 1994.
PubMed
82) Ohmori T, Podack ER, Saijo N, et al:Apoptosis of lung cancer cells caused by some anticancer agents (MMC, CPT-11, ADM) is inhibited by bcl-2. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com. 192:30-36, 1993.
 
83) Miyashita T, Reed JC:Bcl-2 oncoprotein blocks chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in a human leukemia cell line. Blood 81:151-157, 1993.
 
84) Dole MG, Jasty R, Cooper MJ, et al:Bcl-xL is expressed in neuroblastoma cells and modulates chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res. 55:2576-2582, 1995.
PubMed
85) Sumantran VN, Ealovega MW, Nunez G, et al:Overexpression of Bcl-xs sensitizes MCF-7 cells to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res. 55:2507-2510, 1995.
PubMed
86) McDonnell TJ, Troncoso P, Brisbay SM, et al:Expression of the protooncogene bcl-2 in the prostate and its association with emergence of androgen-independent prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 52:6940-6944, 1992.
PubMed
87) Castle VP, Heidelberger KP, Bromberg J, et al:Expression of the apoptosis-suppressing protein bcl-2, in neuroblastoma is associated with unfavorable histology and N-myc amplification. Am. J. Pathol. 143:1543-1550, 1993.
 
88) Pezzella F, Turley H, Kuzu I, et al:bcl-2 protein in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 329:690-694, 1993.
PubMed
89) Fontanini G, Vignati S, Bigini D, et al:Bcl-2 protein:a prognostic factor inversely correlated to p53 in non-small-cell lung cancer. Br. J. Cancer 71:1003-1007, 1995.
PubMed
90) Reed JC:Bcl-2 and chemoresistance in cancer. ASCO educational book (edited by Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol.) , Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol., 1995, pp. 408-410.
 
91) Ellis RE, Yuan JY, Horvitz HR:Mechanisms and functions of cell death. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 7:663-698, 1991.
PubMed
92) Steller H:Mechanisms and genes of cellular suicide. Science 267:1445-1449, 1995.
PubMed
93) Ellis HM, Horvitz HR:Genetic control of programmed cell death in the nematode C. elegans. Cell 44:817-829, 1986.
PubMed
94) Hengartner MO, Ellis RE, Horvitz HR:Caenorhabditis elegans gene ced-9 protects cells from programmed cell death. Nature 356:494-499, 1992.
PubMed
95) Vaux DL, Weissman IL, Kim SK:Prevention of programmed cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans by human bcl-2. Science 258:1955-1957, 1992.
PubMed
96) Hengartner MO, Horvitz HR:C. elegans cell survival gene ced-9 encodes a functional homolog of the mammalian proto-oncogene bcl-2. Cell 76:665-676, 1994.
PubMed
97) Hockenbery DM, Oltvai ZN, Yin X-M, et al:Bcl-2 functions in an antioxidant pathway to prevent apoptosis. Cell 75:241-251, 1993.
 
98) Shimizu S, Eguchi Y, Kosaka H, et al:Prevention of hypoxia-induced cell death by Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Nature 374:811-813, 1995.
PubMed
99) Jacobson MD, Raff MC:Programmed cell death and Bcl-2 protection in very low oxygen. Nature 374:814-816, 1995.
PubMed
100) Yuan J, Shaham S, Ledoux S, et al:The C. elegans cell death gene ced-3 encodes a protein similar to mammalian interleukin-1 β-converting enzyme. Cell 75:641-652, 1993.
 
101) Miura M, Zhu H, Rotello R, et al:Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by IL-1 β-converting enzyme, a mammalian homolog of the C. elegans cell death gene ced-3. Cell 75:653-660, 1993.
 
102) Kumar S, Kinoshita M, Noda M, et al:Induction of apoptosis by the mouse Nedd 2 gene, which encodes a protein similar to the product of the Caenorhabditis elegans cell death gene ced-3 and the mammalian IL-1 β-converting enzyme. Genes Dev. 8:1613-1626, 1994.
 
103) Wang L, Miura M, Bergeron L, et al:Ich-1, an Ice/ced-3-related gene, encodes both positive and negative regulators of programmed cell death. Cell 78:739-750, 1994.
PubMed
104) Nicholson DW, Ali A, Thornberry NA, et al:Identification and inhibition of the ICE/CED-3 protease necessary for mammalian apoptosis. Nature 376:37-43, 1995.
PubMed
105) Tewari M, Quan LT, O'Rourke K, et al:Yama/CPP 32β, a mammalian homolog of CED-3, is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that cleaves the death substrate poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Cell 81:801-809, 1995.
 
106) Gaido ML, Cidlowski JA:Identification, purification, and characterization of a calcium dependent endonuclease (NUC 18) from apoptotic rat thymocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 266:18580-18585, 1991.
 
107) Peitsch MC, Hesterkamp T, Polzar B, et al:Functional characterisation of serum DNase I in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com. 186:739-745, 1992.
PubMed
108) Tanuma S, Shiokawa D:Multiple forms of nuclear deoxyribonuclease in rat thymocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com. 203:789-797, 1994.
PubMed
109) Savill J, Fadok V, Henson P, et al:Phagocyte recognition of cells undergoing apoptosis. Immunol. Today 14:131-136, 1993.
PubMed
110) Hartwell L:Defects in a cell cycle checkpoint may be responsible for the genomic instability of cancer cells. Cell 71:543-546, 1992.
 
111) Harper JW, Adami GR, Wei N, et al:The p21 Cdk-interacting protein Cip 1 is a potent inhibitor of G 1 cyclin-dependent kinases. Cell 75:805-816, 1993.
 
112) El-Deiry WS, Tokino T, Velculescu VE, et al:WAF1, a potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression. Cell 75:817-825, 1993.
PubMed
113) Wang Y, Szekely L, Okan I, et al:Wild-type p53-triggered apoptosis is inhibited by bcl-2 in a v-myc-induced T-cell lymphoma line. Oncogene 8:3427-3431, 1993.
 
114) Ryan JJ, Prochownik E, Gottlieb CA, et al:c-myc and bcl-2 modulate p53 function by altering p53 subcellular trafficking during the cell cycle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:5878-5882, 1994.
PubMed
115) Miyashita T, Krajewski S, Krajewska M, et al:Tumor suppressor p53 is a regulator of bcl-2 and bax gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Oncogene 9:1799-1805, 1994.
PubMed
116) Miyashita T, Reed JC:Tumor suppressor p53 is a direct transcriptional activator of the human bax gene. Cell 80:293-299, 1995.
PubMed
117) Shi L, Nishioka WK, Th' ng J, et al:Premature p34cdc2 activation required for apoptosis. Science 263:1143-1145, 1994.
PubMed
118) Funder J:Apoptosis:two p or not two p? Nature 371:98, 1994.
PubMed
119) Katsikis PD, Leben WR:Apoptosis. Nature 374:670, 1995.
PubMed
120) Marx J:Cell death studies yield cancer clues. Science 259:760-761, 1993.
PubMed

7. 細胞内シグナル伝達因子

P.102 掲載の参考文献
1) Tritton TR, Hickman JA:Cell membranes as a chemotherapeutic target. In Experimental and clinical progress in cancer chemotherapy. (edited by Martinus Nijoff) , 1985, pp. 81-131.
 
2) Robinson SP, Dean BJ:Inhibitory effects in vitro and in vivo of four tyrosine kinase inhibitors on a c-src transfected NIH 3 T 3 line. Proc. Amer. Asso. Cancer Res. 32:380, 1991.
 
3) Kramer RA, Morse B:Summerhayes. C-Ha-ras-I oncogene induced differentiation and decreased mdr 1 gene expression in a human colorectal carcinoma cell line.
 
4) Tritton TR, Posada J:The role of the cell surface membrane in adriamycin resistance. In Resistance to antineoplastic drugs, CRC Press, 1989, pp. 127-140.
 
5) Thompson MG, Chahwala JB, Hickman JA:Inhibition of human erythocyte inositol lipid metabolism by adriamycin. Cancer Res. 47:2799-2803, 1987.
 
6) Vichi P, Tritton T R:Stimulation of growth in human and murine cells by adriamycin. Cancer Res. 49:2679-2682, 1989
PubMed
7) Larrodera P, Cornet ME, Diaz-Meco MT, et al:Phospholipase C-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine is an important step in PDGF-stimulated DNA synthesis. Cell 61:1113, 1990.
PubMed
8) Pfeffer LM, Strulovici B, Saltiel AR:Interferon-α selectively activates the b isoform of protein kinase C through phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 87:6537-6541, 1990.
 
9) Nishio K, Sugimoto Y, Fujiwara Y, et al:Phospholipase C-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine is activated by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) . J. Clin. Invest. 89:1622-1628, 1992.
PubMed
10) Mimnaugh EG, Monti E, Sebers S, et al.:Synergistic antiproliferative effects of the combination of interleukin-1 α and doxorubicin against human melanoma cells. Oncology Research 4:401-412, 1992.
 
11) Workman P, Donaldoson J:Membrane-active ether lipid SRI 62-834:In vitro antitumor activity alone or in combination with doxorubicin. Proc. Amer. Asso. Cancer Res. 31:352, 1990.
 
12) Modest EJ, Noseda A, Wallen A, et al:Combination chemotherapy studies with antitumor and antiviral ether lipid analogs. Proc. Amer. Asso. Cancer Res. 31:416, 1990.
 
13) Himmelmann AW, Danhauser-Riedl S, Steinhauser G, et al:Studies on the cross resistance pattern of membrane-toxic lipids in vitro. Proc. Amer. Asso. Cancer Res. 31:412, 1990.
 
14) Hong CI, Nechaev A, Kirisits AJ, et al:Nucleoside conjugates. 14. Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine conjugates of ether lipids with improved water solubility. J. Med. Chem. 38:1629-1634, 1995.
PubMed
15) Perrella FW, Chen SF, Behrens DL, et al:Phospholipase C inhibitors:a new class of cytotoxic agents. J. Med. Chem. 37:2232-2237, 1994.
PubMed
16) Powis G, Seewald MJ, Gratas C, et al:Selective inhibition of phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C by cytotoxic ether lipid analogues. Cancer Res. 52:2835-2840, 1992.
PubMed
17) Seewald MJ, Olsen RA, Sehgal I, et al:Inhibition of growth factor-dependent inositol phosphate Ca2+ signaling by antitumor ether lipid analogues. Cancer Res. 50:4458, 1990.
PubMed
18) Houlihan WJ, Munder PG, Berdel WE, et al:SDZ 62-434, a novel imidazo [2, 1-a] isoquinoline PAF receptor antagonist with in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. Proc. Amer. Asso. Cancer Res. 32:407, 1991.
 
19) Hanauske AR, Degen D, Marshall MH, et al:Preclinical activity of ilmofosine against human tumor colony forming units in vitro. Anti Cancer Drugs 3:43-46, 1992.
PubMed
20) Hofmann J, O'Connor PM, Jackman J, et al:The protein kinase C inhibitor ilmofosine (BM 41440) arrests cells in G2 phase and suppresses CDC 2 kinase activation through a mechanism different from that of DNA damaging agents. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 199:937-943, 1994.
 
21) Nishizuka Y:The molecular heterogeneity of protein kinase C and its implications for cellular regulation. Nature 334:661-664, 1988.
PubMed
22) LaRocca RV, Stein CA, Myers CE:Suramin:Prototype of a New Generation of Antitumor Compounds. Cancer Cells 2:106-115, 1990.
 
23) Sartor O, McLellan CA, Myers CE, et al:Suramin rapidly alters cellular tyrosine phosphorylation in prostate cancer cell lines. J. Clin. Invest. 90:2166-2174, 1992.
PubMed
24) Myers C, Cooper M, Stein C, et al:Suramin:Anovel growth factor antagonist with activity in hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol 10:881-889, 1992.
 
25) Stein CA:Suramin:A novel antineoplastic agent with multiple potential mechanisms of action. Cancer Res. 53:2239-2248, 1993.
PubMed
26) Strassmann G, Fong M, Freter CE:Suramin interferes with interleukin-6 receptor binding in vitro and inhibits colon-26-mediated experimental cancer cachexia in vivo. J. Clin. Invest. 92:2152-2159, 1993.
PubMed
27) Prendiville J, Crowther D, Thatcher N:A Phase I study of intravenous bryostatin 1 in patients with advanced cancer. Br. J. Cancer 68:418-424, 1993.
PubMed
28) Basu A, Lazo JS:Sensitization of human cervical carcinoma cells to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) by Bryostatin 1. Cancer Res. 52:3119-3124, 1992.
PubMed
29) Grant S, Traylor R, Bhalla K, et al:Effect of a combined exposure to cytosine arabinoside, bryostatin 1, and recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on the clonogenic growth in vitro of normal and leukemic human hematopoietic progenitor Cells. Leukemia 6:432-439, 1992.
PubMed
30) Takahashi I, Saitoh Y, Yoshida M, et al:UCN-01 and UCN-02, new selective inhibitors of protein kinase C. J. Antibiotics 42:571-576, 1989.
 
31) Akinaga S, Gomi K, Morimoto M, et al:Antitumor activity of UCN-01, a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C, in murine and human tumor models. Cancer Res. 51:4888-4892, 1991.
PubMed
32) Seinaeve CM, Stevenson MS, Sebers S, et al:Cell cycle arrest and growth inhibition by protein kinase antagonist UCN-01 in human breast carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 53:2081-2086 1993.
 
33) Sahyoun N, Wolf M, Besterman J, et al:PKC phosphorylates topoisomerase II:topoisomerase activation and its possible role in phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 83:1603-1607, 1986.
 
34) Ackerman P, Claiborne VC, Osheroff N:Phosphorylation of DNA topoisomerase II by casein kinase II:modulation of eukaryotic topoisomerase II activity in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 82:3164-3168, 1985.
 
35) DeVore RF, Corbett AH, Osheroff N:Phosphorylation of topoisomerase II by casein kinase II and protein kinase C:effects on enzyme-mediated DNA cleavage/religation and sensitivity to the antineoplastic drugs etoposide and 4'-(9-acridinylamino) methane-sulfon-m-anisidide. Cancer Res. 52:2156-2161, 1992.
 
36) Pommier Y, Kerrigan D, Hartman KD:Phosphorylation of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I and activation by protein kinase C. J. Biol. Chem. 265:9418-9422, 1990.
PubMed
37) Gorsky LD, Cross SM, Morin M:Rapid increase in the activity of DNA topoisomerase I, ut not topoisomerase II in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells treated with a phorbol diester. Cancer Commun. 1:83-92, 1989.
 
38) Langeveld CH:Growth inhibition of human glioma cells induces by 8-chloroadenosine, and active metabolite of 8-chloro cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate. Cancer Res. 52:3994-3999, 1992.
PubMed
39) Ally S:Selective modulation of protein kinase isozymes by the site-selective analog 8-chloro-adenosine 3' , 5'-cyclic monophosphate provides a biological means for control of human colon cancer cell growth. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 85:6319-6322 1988.
PubMed
40) Cho-Chung YS:Role of cyclic AMP receptor proteins in growth, differentiation, and suppresiion of malignancy:new approaches to therapy. Cancer Res. 50:7093-7100, 1990.
PubMed
41) Tortora G:Differentiation of HL-60 leukemia by type I regulatory subunit antisense oligodeoxynucleotide of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 88:2011-2015, 1991.
PubMed
42) Nishio K, Fujiwara Y, Saijo N, et al:Alteration of type II regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in human cisplatin-resistant cells as a basis of collateral sensitivity to 8-C1-cAMP. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 83:754-760, 1992
 
43) Cho-Chung YS:Suppression of malignancy targeting the intracellular signal transducing proteins of cAMP:the use of site-selective cAMP analogs, antisense strategy, and gene transfer. Life Sci. 48:1123-1132, 1991.
PubMed
44) Umezawa H, et al:Studies on a epidermal growth factor-receptor kinase inhibitor erbstatin, produced by MH 435-hF 3. J. Antibiotics 39:170-173, 1986.
 
45) Ogawara H, et al:A specific inhibitor for tyrosine protein kinase from pseudomonas. J. Antibiotics 39:606-608, 1986
 
46) Uehara Y, et al:Irreversible inhibition of v-src tyrosine kinase activity by herbimycin A and its abrogation by sulfhydryl compounds. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 163:803-809, 1989.
PubMed
47) Luduena RF, Fellous A, McManus L, et al:Contrasting roles of tau and microtubule-associated protein 2 in the vinblastine-induced aggregation of brain tubulin. J. Biol. Chem. 259:12890-12898, 1984.
PubMed
48) Stearns ME, Tew KD:Estramustine binds MAP-2 to inhibit microtubule assembly in vitro. J. Cell. Sci. 89:331-342, 1988.
PubMed
49) Nishio K, Arioka H, Fukumoto T, et al:Enhanced interaction between tubulin and microtubule-associated protein 2 via inhibition of MAP kinase and cdc 2 kinase by paclitaxel. Int J. Cancer 63:688-693, 1995
 
50) Lowe SW, Ruley HE, Jacks T, et al:p53-Dependent apoptosis modulate the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents. Cell 74:957-967, 1993.
PubMed
51) El-Deiry WS, Harper JW:WAF 1/CIP 1 is induced in p 53-mediated G1 arrest, apoptosis. Cancer Res. 54:1169-1174, 1994
 
52) Roy R, Adamczewski JP, Seroz T, et al:The MO 15 cell cycle kinase is associated with the TFIIH transcription-DNA repair factor. Cell 79:1093-1101, 1994.
 
53) Nishio K, Fujiwara Y, Saijo N, et al:cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II) inhibits p34cdc2 protein kinase in human lung cancer cells. Int. J. Cancer 55:616-622, 1993.
 
54) Kitagawa M, Higashi H, Suzuki-Takahashi I, et al:A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, butyrolactone I, inhibits phosphorylation of RB protein and cell cycle progression. Oncogene 9:2549-2557, 1994.
 
55) 西尾和人, 宮原由貴, 西條長宏・他:cdc 2キナーゼ阻害剤の肺癌細胞に対する抗腫瘍活性の検討. 第34回 日本肺癌学会総会, 肺癌 33:753, 1993.
 
56) Bojanowski K, Nishio K, Fukuda M, et al:Effect of suramin on p 34 kinase in vitro and in extracts from human H 69 cells:evidence for a double mechanism of action. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 203:1574-1580, 1994.
 
57) Takahashi I, et al:UCN-01 and UCN-02, new selective inhibitors of protein kinase C. J. Antibiotics 42:571-576, 1989
 
58) Akinaga S, et al:Enhancement of antitumor activity of mitomycin C in and in vivo by UCN-01, a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 32:183-189, 1993.
PubMed
59) Heck MM, Hittelman WN, Earnshaw WC:In vivo phosphorylation of the 170-kDa form of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase II:Cell cycle analysis. J. Biol. Chem. 264:15161-15164, 1989.
PubMed
60) Saijo M, Ui M:Growth state and cell cycle dependent phosphorylation of DNA topoisomerase II in Swiss 3 T 3 cells. Biochem. 31:359-363, 1992.
 
61) Lock RB:Inhibition of p 34cdc2 kinase activation, p 34cdc2 tyrosine dephosphorylation, and mitotic progression in Chinese hamster ovary cells exposed to etoposide. Cancer Res. 52:1817-1822, 1992
 
62) Takano H, Kohno K, Ono M, et al:Increased phosphorylation of DNA topoisomerase II in etoposide-resistant mutants of human cancer KB cells. Cancer Res. 51:3951-3957, 1991.
PubMed
63) Tsao YP, D' arpa P, Liu LF, et al:The involvement of active DNA synthesis in camptothecin-induced G 2 arrest:Altered regulation of p 34cdc2/cyclin B. Cancer Res. 52:1823-1829, 1992.
 
64) Ling V:Multidrug-resistant mutants. In:ed. by Gottesmann MM, Molecular Cell Genetics. John Wiley & Sons, 1985, pp. 773-787.
 
65) Moscow J, Cowan K:Mutidrug resistant. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80:14-19, 1988.
 
66) Postan I, Gottesman M:Multiple-drug resistance in human cancer. N Engl. J. Med. 316:1388-1393, 1987.
 
67) Bradley G, Juranka PF, Ling V:Mechanism of multidrug resistance. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 948:87-128, 1988.
PubMed
68) Beck WT:The cell biology of multiple drug resistance. Biochem. Pharmacol. 36:2879-2887, 1987.
PubMed
69) Tsuruo T, Iida H, Tsukagoshi S, et al:Overcoming of vincristine resistance in P 388 leukmia in vivo and in vitro through enhanced cytotoxicity of vincristine and vinblastine by verapamil. Cancer Res. 41:1967-1972, 1981.
 
70) Tsuruo T:Mechanism of multidrug resistance and implication for therapy. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 79:285-296, 1988.
PubMed
71) Yu G, Ahmad S, Aquino A, et al:Transfection with protein kinase C alpha confers increased multidrug resistance to MCF-7 cells expressing P-glycoprotein. Cancer Commun. 3:181-189, 1991.
PubMed
72) Endicott J A, Ling V:The biochemistry of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. In Annu. Rev. Biochem Annual Reviews Inc. 1989, pp. 137-171.
 
73) Center MS:Mechanisms regulating cell resistance to Adriamycin:evidence that drug accumulation in resistant cells is modulated by phosphorylation of a plasma membrane glycoprotein. Biochem. Pharmacol. 34:1471-1476, 1985.
PubMed
74) Peter J, Cheng Y:Transient protection of cultured human cells against antitumor agents by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Cancer Res. 47:433-441, 1987.
 
75) Fine RL, Patel J, Chabner BA:Phorbol esters induce multidrug resistance in human breast cancer cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 85:582-586, 1988.
PubMed
76) Matsumoto T, Tani E, Yamaura I, et al:Effects of protein kinase C modulators on multidrug resistance in human glioma cells. Neurosurgery 36 (3) :565-571, 1995.
PubMed
77) Polyoor ST, Stein JM, Hait WN, et al:Inhibition of protein kinase C by antineoplastic agents:Implications for drug resistance. Biochem Biophys. Res. Commun. 148:718-725, 1987.
 
78) Katoh N, Wise BC, Warren RW, et al:Inhibition by adriamycin of calmodulin-sensitive and phospholipid-sensitive calcium dependent phosphorylation of endogenous proteins from heart. Biochem. J. 198:199-205, 1981.
 
79) Wise BC, Kuo JF:Modes of inhibiton by acylcarnitines, adriamycin and trifluoperazine of cardiac phospholipid-sensitive calcium dependent protein kinase. Biochem. Pharmacol. 32:1259-1265, 1983.
 
80) Hannun YA, Foglesong RJ, Bell RM:The adriamycin-iron (III) cornplex is a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C. J. Biol. Chem. 264:9966-9969, 1989.
 
81) Otsuka M, Shigeoka H, Yang H, et al:Doxorubicin does not inhibit kinase C in vivo in cultured cells. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 32:398, 1991.
PubMed
82) Aquino A, Hartman K, Knode M, et al:Role of protein kinase C in phosphorylation of vinculin in Adriamycin-reistant HL-60 leukemic cells. Cancer Res. 48:3324-3329, 1988.
 
83) Aquino A, Warren B S, Omichinski J, et al:Protein kinase C-γis present in adriamycin resistant HL-60 leukemia cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 166:723-728, 1990.
 
84) Gang Y, Aquino A, Fairchild CR, et al:Adriamycin resistance in MCF-7 cells expressing Pglycoprotein following transfection with protein kinase Cα. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 31:367, 1990.
 
85) Gollapudi S, Soni V, Thadepalli H, et al:Role of protein kinase β isozyme in multidrug resistance in murine leukemia P 388/ADR cells. J Chemother. 7:157-159, 1995.
 
86) Blobe GC, Sachs CW, Khan WA, et al:Selective regulation of expression of protein kinase C (PKC) isoenzymes in multidrug-resistant MCF-7 cells. Functional significance of enhanced expression of PKC alpha. J. Biol. Chem. 268:658-664, 1993.
PubMed
87) Uchiumi T, Kohno K, Tanimura H, et al:Involvement of protein kinase in environmental stress-induced activation of human multidrug resistance 1 (MDR 1) gene promoter. FEBS Lett. 326:11-16, 1993.
 
88) Sach C, Ballas L, Hannun C, et al:Protein kinase C inhibitors increase drug accumulation and decrease resistance of multidrug resistant cell lines. Proc. Amer. Asso. Cancer Res. 32:373, 1991.
 
89) Taylor CW, Yeoman LC:Comparison of the growth inhibitory actions of 8-chloro-cyclic-AMTaylor CW, Yeoman LC:Inhibition of colon tumor cell growth by 8-chloro-cAMP is dependent upon its conversion to 8-chloro-adenosine. Anti Cancer Drugs 3:485-491, 1992.
 
90) Lai GM, Currier SJ, Mickley LA, et al:Modulation of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) phosphorylation and multidrug resistance (MDR) by sodium butyrate (NaB) . Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 32:377, 1991.
 
91) Bates SE, Currier SJ, Alvarez M, et al:Modulation of P-glycoprotein phosphorylation and drug transport by sodium butyrate. Biochemistry 31:6366-6372, 1992.
PubMed
92) Yokozaki H, Clair TT, Pepes S, et al:Site-selective cAMP analogs inhibit the growth of multidrug resistant cell lines and suppress the expression of P-glycoprotein. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 32:376, 1991.
 
93) Rahman A, Madhu MS, Yokozaki H, et al:Potentiation of the cytotoxicity of adriamycin by 8-Cl-cAMP in multidrug resistant HL-60 leukemia cells. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 32:373, 1991.
 
94) Scala S, Murphy LD, Tortora G, et al:Effects of differentiating agents (DA) on P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression in a multidrug resistant breast cancer cell line. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 32:377, 1991.
 
95) Hardy SP, Goodfellow HR, Valverde MA, et al:Protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation of the human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein regulates cell volume-activated chloride channels. EMBO J. 14:68-75, 1995.
PubMed
96) Ma L, Krishnamachary N, Center MS:Phosphorylation of the multidrug resistance associated protein gene encoded protein P 190. Biochemistry 34:3338-3343, 1995
 
97) Gekeler V, Boer R, Ise W:The specific bisindolylmaleimide PKC-inhibitor GF 109203 X efficiently modulates MRP-associated multiple drug resistance. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 206:119-126, 1995.
 
98) Margolis B, Rhee SG, Felder S, et al:EGF induces tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C-II:A potential mechanism for EGF receptor signaling. Cell 57:1101-1107, 1989.
 
99) Meyers MB, Merluzzi VJ, Spengler BA, et al:Epidermal growth factor receptor is increased in multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster and mouse tumour cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 83:5521-5524, 1986.
PubMed
100) Reeve JG, Rabbits PH, Twentyman PR:Non-P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance with reduced EGF receptor expression in a human large cell lung cancer cell line. Br. J. Cancer 61:851-855, 1990.
 
101) Bhushan A, Tritton TR:Increased tyrosine phosphorylation of lipocortin I in multidrug resistant sarcoma 180 cells. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 32:362, 1991.
 
102) Takeda YK, Nishio K, Sugiomoto Y, et al:Establishment of a human leukemia subline resistant to the growth-inhibitory effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and showing non-P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. Int. J. Cancer 48:931-937, 1991.
 
103) Takeda Y, Nishio K, Niitani H, et al:Reversal of multidrug Resistance by tyrosine-kinase inhibitors in a non-P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug-resistant cell line. Int. J. Cancer 57:229-239, 1994.
 
104) Versantvoort CH, Schuurhuis GJ, Pinedo HM, et al:Genistein modulates the decreased drug accumulation in non-P-glycoprotein mediated multidrug resistant tumour cells. Br. J. Cancer 68:939-46, 1993.
 
105) Michaeli J, Lebedev YB, Ling L, et al:A multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in response to phorbol ester:Role of P-glycoprotein and protein kinase Cβ (PKCβ) . Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 31:375, 1990.
 
106) Morrissey NJ, Gervasoni JE, Krisha Jr S, et al:The effect of phorbol ester and protein kinase C inhibitors on subcellular distribution of daunorubicin in drug sensitive and resistant HL-60 cells. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 32:356, 1991.
 
107) Fine RL, Patel CJ, Carney DN, et al:Increased phosphorylation of a 20-kD protein is associated with pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) in human small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) lines. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 5:17, 1986.
 
108) Morikage T, Bungo M, Ohmori T, et al:Modulation of cisplatin sensitivity and accumulation by amphotericin B in cisplatin-resistant human lung cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 53:3302-3307, 1993.
 
109) Andrews PA, Mann SC, Howell SB:cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II) accumulation in sensitive and resistant human ovarian carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 48:68-73, 1988.
PubMed
110) Ohmori T, Sugimoto Y, Fujiwara Y, et al:The mechanism of the difference in cellular uptake of platinum derivatives in non-small cell lung cancer cell line (PC-14) and its cisplatin-resistant subline (PC-14/CDDP) . Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:83-92, 1993.
PubMed
111) Ohmori T, Nishio K, Morikage T, et al:Ouabain-resistant non-small-cell lung-cancer cell lines shows collateral sensitivity to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) . Int. J. Cancer 57:111-116, 1994.
 
112) Mann SC, Andrews PA, Howell SB:Modulation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) accumulation and sensitivity by forskolin and 3-isobutyo-1-methylxanthine in sensitive and resistant human ovarian carcinoma cells. Int. J. Cancer 48:866-872, 1991.
 
113) Yoshida H, Oishi Y, Yanagawa T, et al:Enhancement of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and mitomycin C-induced sister chormatid exchanges by dibutyryl cyclic AMP in a human salivary gland adenocarcinoma cell line in culture. Cancer 61:1741-1748, 1988.
 
114) Hofmann J, Doppler W, Jakob A, et al:Enhancement of the antiproliferative effect of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and nitrogen mustard by inhibitors of protein kinase C. Int. J. Cancer 42:382-388, 1988.
PubMed
115) Basu A, Lazo JS:Involvement of protein kinase C in phorbol ester-induced sensitization of HeLa cells to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) . J. Biol. Chem. 265:8451-8457, 1990.
PubMed
116) Isonishi S, Andrews PA, Howell SB:Increased sensitivity to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) in human ovarian carcinoma cells in response to treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate. J. Biol. Chem. 265:3623-3627, 1990
PubMed
117) Christen RD, Hom DK, Potter DC, et al:Epidermal growth factor regulates the in vitro sensitivity of human ovarian carcinoma cells to cisplatin. J. Clin. Invest. 83:1632-1640, 1990.
 

8. 染色体異常

P.127 掲載の参考文献
1) Mitelman F, Kaneko Y, Berger R:Report of the committee on chromosome changes in neoplasia. In:Human Gene Mapping 1993. A Compendium (ed by Cuticchia AJ, Pearson PL) , Johns Hopkins Univ Press, Baltimore, 1994.
 
2) Rabbitts TH:Chromosomal translocations in human cancer. Nature 372:143-149, 1994.
PubMed
3) Karp JE, Broder S:Molecular foundations of cancer. New targets for intervention. Nature Med, 1:309-320, 1995.
PubMed
4) Chen Z, Chen S-J, Wang Z-Y:Retinoic acid and acute promyelocytic leukemia:amodel of targetting treatment for human cancer. CR Acad Sci sciences de la vie. 317:1135-1141, 1994.
 
5) 阿部達生, 鎌田七男, 桜井雅温・編:腫瘍染色体アトラス, 南江堂, pp 27-51, 1986.
 
6) Dutrillaux R:New chromosome techniques. In:Molecular Structure of Human Chromosomes (ed by Yunis JJ) . Academic Press (NY) , 1977, pp. 233-265.
 
7) Holmquist GP:Chromosome bands, their chromatin flavors, and their functional features. Am J. Hum. Genet. 51:17-37, 1992.
PubMed
8) Saccone S, De Sario A, Della Valle G, et al:The highest gene concentrations in the human genome are in telomeric bands of metaphase chromosomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 89:4913-4917, 1992.
PubMed
9) Langlois TG, Yu, L-C, Gray JW, et al:Quantitative karyotyping of human chromosomes by dual beam flow cytometry. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:7876-7880, 1982.
 
10) Antequera F, Bird A:Number of CpG islands and genes in human and mouse. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:11995-11999, 1993.
PubMed
11) Saitoh Y, Laemmli K:Metaphase chromosome structure. Bands arise from a differential folding path of the highly AT-rich scaffold. Cell 76:609-622, 1994.
 
12) Taniwaki M, Nishida K, Takashima T, et al:Nonrandom chromosomal rearangements of 14 q32. 3 and 19p13. 3 and preferential deletion of 1p in 21 patients with multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia. Blood 84:2283-2290, 1994.
 
13) 阿部達生・編:造血器腫瘍アトラス. 形態, 免疫, 染色体と遺伝子. 日本医事新報社, pp. 1-162, 1991.
 
14) Yokota S, Hansen-Hagge, TE, Ludwig WD, et al:Use of polymerase chain reaction to monitor minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 77:331-339, 1991.
PubMed
15) Nowell PC:Chromosome changes and the clonal evolution of cancer. In:Chromosome and Cancer (ed by German J) , John Wiley & Sons (NY) , 1974, pp. 267-285.
 
16) Nakai H, Misawa S, Toguchida J, et al:Frequent p 53 gene mutations in blast crisis of chronic myelogeneous leukemia, especially in myeloid crisis harvoring loss of a chromosome 17p. Cancer Res. 52:6588-6593, 1992
 
17) Mitani K, Ogawa S, Tanaka T, et al:Generation of the AML 1-EVI-1 fusion gene in the t(3;21) (q26;q22) causes blastic crisis in chronic myelogeneous leukemia. EMBO. J. 13:504-510, 1994.
 
18) Guan X-Y, Melter PS, Dalton WS, et al:Identification of cryptic sites of DNA sequence amplification in human breast cancer by chromosome microdissection. Nature Genet 8:155-161, 1994.
 
19) Visakorpi T, Hyytinen E, Koivisto P, et al:In vivo amplification of the androgen receptor gene and progression of human prostate cancer. Nature Genet 9:401-406, 1995.
PubMed
20) Quesnel B, Preudhomme C, Philippe N, et al:p16 gene homozygous deletions in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 85:657-663, 1995.
PubMed
21) Inoue K, Sugiyama H, Ogawa H, et al:WT 1 as a new prognostic factor and a new marker for the detection of minimal residual disease in acute leukemia. Blood 84:3071-3079, 1994.
 
22) Johansson B, Mertens F, Mitelman F:Cytogenetic deletion maps of hematologic neoplasms:circumstancial evidience for tumor suppressor loci. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 8:205-218, 1993.
 
23) Saltman DL, Dolganov GM, Warrington JA, et al:A physical map of 15 loci on human chromosome 5q23-q 33 by two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genomics 16:726-732, 1993.
 
24) Le Beau MM, Espinosa R, Neuman WL, et al:Cytogenetic and molecular delineation of the smallest commonly deleted region of chromosome 5 in malignant myeloid diseases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:5484-5488, 1993.
PubMed
25) Neuman W, Rubin C, Rios R, et al:Chromosomal loss and deletion are the most common mechanisms for loss of heterozygosity from chromosomes 5 and 7 in malignant myeloid disorders. Blood 79:1501-1510, 1992.
PubMed
26) Asimakopoulos FA, White NJ, Nacheva E, et al:Molecular analysis of chromosome 20q deletions associated with myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 84:3086-3094, 1994.
PubMed
27) Brown AG, Ross FM, Dunne EM, et al:Evidence for a new tumor suppressor locus (DBM) in human B-cell neoplasia telomeric to the retinoblastoma gene. Nature Genet 3:67-72, 1993.
 
28) Taniwaki M, Matsuda F, Jauch A, et al:Detection of 14q32 translocations in B-cell malignancies by in situ hybridization with yeast artificial chromosome clones containing the IgH gene locus. Blood 83:2962-2969, 1994.
 
29) Jenkins RB, Le Beau MM, Kraker WJ, et al:Fluorescence in situ hybridization:A sensitive method for trisomy 8 detection in bone marrow specimens. Blood 79:3307-3315, 1992.
PubMed
30) Tkachuk DC, Westbrook CA, Andreef M, et al:D:Detection of bcr-abl fusion in chronic myelogeneous leukemia by in situ hybridization. Science 250:559-562, 1990.
 
31) Veronese ML, Ohta M, Finan J, et al:Detection of myc translocations in lymphoma cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization with yeast artificial chromosomes. Blood 85:2132-2138, 1995.
PubMed
32) Taniwaki M, Silverman GA, Nishida K, et al.:Translocations and amplification of the BCL 2 gene are detected in interphase nuclei of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by in situ hybridization with yeast artificial chromosome clones. Blood 86:1481-1486, 1995.
 
33) Kearney L, Watkins PC, Young BD, et al:DNA sequences of a chromosome 21 specific YAC detect the t (8;21) breakpoint of acute myelogeneous leukemia. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 57:109-119, 1991.
 
34) Kearney L, Bower M, Gibbons B, et al:Chromosome 11q23 translocations in both infant and adult acute leukemias are detected by in situ hybridization with yeast artificial chromsome. Blood 80:1659-1665, 1992.
 
35) Taniwaki M, Nishida K, Ueda Y, et al:Interphase and metaphase detection of the breakpoint of 14q32 translocations in B-cell malignancies by double-color fluorescence in situ hybridization. Blood 85:3223-228, 1995.
 
36) Lengauer C, Riethman HC, Speicher MR, et al:Metaphase and interphase cytogenetics with Alu-PCR-amplified yeast artificial chromsome clones containing the BCR gene and the protooncogenes c-raf-1, c-fms, and c-erbB-2. Cancer Res. 52:2590-2596, 1990.
 
37) Stilgenbauer S, Doehner H, Bulgay-Moerschel M, et al:High frequency of monoallelic retinoblastoma gene deletion in B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia shown by interphase cytogenetics. Blood 81:2118-2124, 1993.
 
38) Doenher H, Fischer K, Bentz M, et al:p53 gene deletion predicts for poor survival and non-response to therapy with purine analogs in chronic B-cell leukemias. Blood 85:1580-1589, 1995.
 
39) van den Engh G, Sachs R, Trasak BJ:Estimating genomic distance from DNA sequence location in cell nuclei by a random walk model. Science 257:1410-1412, 1992.
 
40) Delattre O, Zucmans J, Plougastel B, et al:Gene fusion with an ETS DNA-binding domain caused by chromosome translocation in human tumours. Nature 359:162-165, 1992.
 
41) Sorensen PHB, Lessnick SL, Lopez-Terrada D, et al:Asecond Ewing's sarcoma translocation, t(21;22) , fuses the EWS gene to another ETS-family transcription factor, ERG. Nature Genet 6:146-151, 1994.
 
42) Zucman J, Delattre O, Desmaze C, et al:EWS and ATF-1 gene fusion induced by t(12;22) translocation in malignant melanoma of soft parts. Nature Genet 4:341-345, 1993.
 
43) Crozat A, Aman P, Mandahl N, et al:Fusion of CHOP to a novel RNA-binding protein in human myxoid liposarcoma. Nature 363:640-644, 1993
PubMed
44) Rabbitts TH, Forster A, Larson R, et al:Fusion of the dominant negative transcription regulator CHOP with a novel gene FUS by translocation t (12;16) in malignant liposarcoma. Nature Genet 4:175-180, 1993.
PubMed
45) Clark J, Rocques P J, Crew A J, et al:Identification of novel genes, SYT and SSX, involved in the t (X;1) (p11. 2;q11. 2) translocation found in human synovial sarcoma. Nature Genet, 7:502-508, 1994.
 
46) Galili N, Davis RJ, Fredericks WJ, et al:Fusion of a fork head domain gene to PAX 3 in the solid tumour alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Nature Genet 5:230-235, 1993.
 
47) Knudoson AG Jr:Hereditary cancer, oncogenes, and antioncogenes. Cancer Res. 45:1437-1443, 1985.
 
48) Friend SH, Bernards R, Rogelj S, et al:A human DNA segment with properties of the gene that predisposes to retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma. Nature 323:643-646, 1986.
PubMed
49) Call KM, Glaser T, Itto CY, et al:Isolation and characterization of a zinc finger polypeptide gene at human chromosome 11 Wilms tumor locus. Cell 60:509-520, 1990.
 
50) Kinzler KW, Nibert MC, Su, L-K, et al:Identification of FAP locus genes from chromosome 5q21. Science 253:661-665, 1991.
 
51) Cawthon RM, Weiss R, Xu G, et al:A major segment of the neurofibromatosis type I:cDNA sequence, genomic structure and point mutations. Cell 62:193-201, 1990.
 
52) Trofatter JA, MacCollin MM, Rutter JL, et al:A novel moesin-, ezrin-, radixin-like gene is a candidate for the neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor. Cell 72:791-800, 1993.
PubMed
53) Latif F, Tory K, Gnarra J, et al:Identification of the von Hippel-Lindau disease tumor suppressor gene. Science 260:1317-1320, 1993.
PubMed
54) Miki Y, Swensen J, Ahsttuck-Eidens D, et al:A strong candidate for the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA 1. Science 266:66-71, 1994.
 
55) Collins F:Positional cloning moves from perditional to traditional. Nature Genet 9:347-350, 1995.
PubMed
56) Tanaka K, Miura N, Satokata I, et al:Analysis of a human DNA excision repair gene involved in group A xeroderma pigmentosum and containing a zinc-finger domain. Nature 348:73-76, 1990.
 
57) Legerski R, Peterson C;Expression cloning of a human DNA repair gene involved in xeroderma pigmentosum group C. Nature 359:70-73, 1992.
 
58) Flejter WL, McDaniel LD, Johns D, et al:Correction of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D mutant cell phenotypes by chromosome and gene transfer:Involvement of the human ERCC 2 DNA repair gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:261-265, 1992.
 
59) Scherly D, Nouspickel T, Corlet J, et al:Complementation of the DNA repair defect in xeroderma pigmentosum group G cells by a human cDNA related to yeast RAD 2. Nature 363:182-185, 1993.
 
60) Gibson RA, et al:Characterization of the exon structure of the Fanconi anaemia group C gene by vectorette PCR. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2:35-38, 1993.
 
61) Savitsky K, Bar-Shira A, Gilad S, et al:A single ataxia telangiectasia gene with a product similar to PI-3 kinase. Science 268:1749-1753, 1995.
PubMed
62) Ellis NA, Gorden J, Ye T-Z, et al:The Bloom's syndrome gene product is homologous to RecQ helicase. Cell 83:655-666, 1995.
 
63) Hshimoto N, Ichikawa D, Arakawa Y, et al:Frequent deletion of material from chromosome arm 1 p in oligodendroglial tumors revealed by double-target fluorescence in situ hybridization and microsatellite analysis. Genes Chromosomes. Cancer 14:295-300, 1995.
 
64) Ichikawa D, Hashimoto N, Hoshima M, et al:Analysis of numerical aberrations in specific chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) as a diagnostic tool in breast cancer. Cancer (in press) .
 

9. 発がん

P.142 掲載の参考文献
1) Maki H, Sekiguchi M:MutT protein specitically hydrolyses a potent mutagenic substrate for DNA synthesis. Nature 355:273-275, 1992.
PubMed
2) Sloane D L, Goodman M F, Echols H:The fidelity of base selection by the polymerase subunit of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme. Nucleic Acids Res. 16:6465-6475, 1988.
PubMed
3) 真木寿治:DNA 修復研究の "新" 展開. 細胞工学 13:661-672, 1994.
 
4) Brenowitz S B, Kwack S, Goodman M F, et al:Specificity and enzymatic mechanism of the editing exonuclease of escherichia coli DNA polymeraseIII. J. Biol. Chem. 266:7888-7892, 1991.
 
5) Zarbl H, Sukumar S, Arthur AV, et al:Direct mutagenesis of Ha-ras-1 oncogenes by N-nitroso-N-methylurea during initiation of mammary carcinogenesis in rats. Nature 315:382-385, 1985.
 
6) Ames B N, Gold L S:Endogenous mutagens and the causes of aging and cancer. Mutation Res. 250:3-16, 1991.
PubMed
7) Modrich P:Mechanisms and biological effects of mismatch repair. Annu. Rev. Genet. 25:229-253, 1991.
PubMed
8) Cooper D L, Lahue R S, Modrich P:Methyl-directed mismatch repair is bidirectional. J Biol. Chem. 268:11823-11829, 1993.
PubMed
9) Fishel R, Lescoe M K, Rao MRS, et al:The human mutator gene homolog MSH 2 and its association with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer. Cell 75:1027-1038, 1993.
 
10) Papadopoulos N, Nicolaides N C, Wei Y E, et al:Mutation of a mutL homolog in hereditary colon cancer. Science 263:1625-1629, 1994.
 
11) Ionov Y, Peinado M A, Malkhosyan S, et al:Ubiquitous somatic mutations in simple repeat sequences reveal a new mechanism for colonic carciongenesis. Nature 363:558-561, 1993.
 
12) 益谷央豪, 菅澤 薫, 花岡文雄:真核細胞のヌクレオチド除去修復. 細胞工学 13:40-49, 1994.
 
13) Gao L, Alani E, Kleckner N:A pathway for generation and processing of double-strand breaks during meiotic recombination in S. cerevisiae. Cell 61:1089-1101, 1991.
 
14) Alani E, Padmore R, Kleckner N:Analysis of wild-type and rad 50 mutants of yeast suggests an intimate relationship between meiotic chromosome synapsis and recombination. Cell 61:419-436, 1990.
 
15) 出川雅邦:化学物質. 発癌理論と実際 (横路謙次郎, 伊東信行, 橋本嘉幸, 石館 基編) . 学術出版センター, 東京, 1992, pp. 49-63.
 
16) Ames B, Durston W E, Yamasaki E, et al:Carcinogens are mutagens:a simple test system combining liver homogenates for activation and bacteria for detection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 70:2281-2285, 1973.
PubMed
17) Sugimura T:Multistep carcinogenesis:A 1992 Perspective. Science 258:603-607, 1992.
PubMed
18) 林 慎一, 川尻 要:P-450 遺伝子の多型と発癌感受性. 代謝28増刊号 癌'91:11-19, 1991.
 
19) Berenblum I, Shubik P:The role of croton oil applications associated with a single painting of acarcinogen in tumour induction in the mouse's skin. Br. J. Cancer 1:379-383, 1947.
 
20) Quintanilla M, Brown K, Ramsden M, et al:Carcinogen-specific mutation and amplification of Ha-ras during mouse skin carcinogenesis. Nature 322:78-80, 1986.
PubMed
21) Fujiki H, Suganuma M, Sugimura T:Significance of new environmental tumor promoters. Envir. Carcino. Revs. (J Envir. Sci. Hlth.) , C7:1-51, 1989.
 
22) Solt D B, Farber E:New principle for the analysis of liver chemical carcinogenesis. Nature 263:702-703, 1976
 
23) Ito N, Tsuda H, Tatematsu M, et al:Enhancing effect of various hepatocarcinogens on induction of preneoplastic glutathione S-transferase placental form positive foci in rat:An approach for a new medium-term bioassay system. Carcinogenesis 9:387-394, 1988.
PubMed
24) Tatematsu M, Aoki T, Kagawa M, et al:Reciprocal relationship between development of glutathione S-transferase positive liver foci and proliferation of surrounding hepatocytes in rats. Carcinogenesis 9:221-225, 1988.
PubMed
25) Tatematsu M, Furihata C, Katsuyama T, et al:Immunohistochemical demonstration of pyloric gland-type cells with low-pepsinogen isozyme 1 in preneoplastic and neoplastic tissues of rat stomachs treated with N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 78:771-777, 1987.
 
26) Land H, Parada L F, Weinberg R A:Tumorigenic conversion of primary embryo fibroblasts requires at least two cooperating oncogenes. Nature 304:596-602, 1983.
PubMed
27) Sinn E, Muller W, Pattengale P, et al:Coexpression of MMTV/v-Ha-ras and MMTV/c-myc gene in transgenic mice:synergistic action of oncogenes in vivo. Cell 49:465-475, 1987.
PubMed
28) Donehower L A, Harvey M, Slagle B L, et al:Mice deficient for p 53 are developmentally normal but susceptible to spontaneous tumors. Nature 356:215-221, 1992.
 
29) Vogelstein B, Kinzler K W:The multistep nature of cancer. Trends Genet. 9:138-141, 1993.
PubMed
30) 岡崎朋子, 横田 淳:がん抑制遺伝子. 遺伝子の病変としての「がん」 (黒木登志夫, 垣添忠生編) . メジカルビュー, 東京, 1994, pp. 48-65.
 
31) Farber E, Cameron C:The sequential analysis of cancer development. Adv. Cancer Res. 31:125-225, 1980.
 
32) Tanooka H:Monoclonal growth of cancer cells:Experimental evidence. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. (Gann) 79:657-665, 1988.
PubMed
33) Tatematsu M, Fukami H, Yamamoto M, et al:Clonal analysis of glandular stomach carcinogenesis in C 3 H/HeN-BALB/c chimeric mice treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Cancer Lett. 83:37-42, 1994.
 
34) Slaughter D F, Southwich H W, Smkejkal W:"Field cancerization" in oral stratified squamous epithelium. Clinical implications of multicentric origin. Cancer 6:963-968, 1953.
 
35) Kanjilal S, Strom S S, Clayman G L, et al:p53 Mutations in nonmelanoma skin cancer of the head and neck:molecular evidence for field cancerization. Cancer Res. 55:3604-3609, 1995.
PubMed

10. 転移

P.162 掲載の参考文献
1) Fidler IJ:Selection of successive tumor line for metastasis. Nature (New Biol.) 242:148-149, 1973.
PubMed
2) Turuo T, Yamori T, Naganuma K, et al:Characterization of metastatic clones derived from ametastatic variant of mouse colon adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res. 43:5437-5422, 1983.
 
3) Morikawa K, Walker SM, Jessup JM, et al:In vivo selection of highly metastatic cells from surgical specimens of different primary human colon carcinomas implanted into nude mice. Cancer Res. 48:1943-1948, 1988.
PubMed
4) 入村達郎:癌転移の分子機構-序論. 実験医学 7:525-526, 1989.
 
5) Hart I, Fidler IJ:An in vitro quantitative assay for tumor cell invasion. Cancer Res. 38:3218-3224, 1978.
 
6) Nicolson GL:Metastatic tumor cell attachment and invasion assay utilizing vascular endothelial cell monolayers. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 30:214-220, 1982.
PubMed
7) Kramer RH, Bensch KK, Wong J:Invasion of reconstituted basement-membrane matrix by metastatic tumor cells. Cancer Res. 46:1080-1089, 1986.
 
8) Akedo H, Shinkai K, Mukai M, et al:Interaction of rat ascites hepatoma cells with cultured mesothelial cell layers:A model for tumor invasion. Cancer Res. 46:2416-2422, 1986.
 
9) del Regata JA:Pathways of metastatic spread of malignant tumors. Semin. Oncol. 4:33-38, 1977.
 
10) Fisher B, Fisher ER:The interrelationship of hematogenous and lymphatic tumor cell dissemination. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 122:791-798, 1966.
PubMed
11) Harmanek P, Sobin LH:TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors. 4 th Ed, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1987.
 
12) Ewing J:ATreatise on Tumors. 3rd Ed, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1920.
 
13) Paget S:The distribution of secondary growths in cancer of the breast. Lancet 1:571-573, 1989.
 
14) Zeidman I, Buss JM:Experimental studies on the spread of cancer in the lymphatic system:effectiveness of the lymph node as a barrier to the passage of emnonic tumor cells. Cancer Res. 14:403-410, 1954.
 
15) Berg JW, Huvos AG, Axtell LM, et al:A new sign of favorable prognosis in mammary cancer:hyperplastic reactive lymph nodes in the apex of the axilla. Ann. Surg. 177:8-15, 1973.
PubMed
16) Hill RP:Metastasis. In The Basic Science of Oncology (edited by Tannock IF and Hill RP) , Pergamon Press, New York, 1987, pp. 160-175.
 
17) Tarin D, Price JE:Influence of microenvironment and vascular anatomy on"metastatic"colonization potential of mammary tumors. Cancer Res. 41:3604-3609, 1981.
PubMed
18) Hart IR, Fidler IJ:Role of organ selectivity in the determination of metastasis pattern of B 16 melanoma. Cancer Res. 41:1282-1287, 1981.
 
19) Nicolson GL:Organ specificity of tumor metastasis:role of preferential adhesion, invasion, and growth of malignant cells at specific secondary sites. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 7:143-188, 1988.
PubMed
20) Hujanen ES, Terranova VP:Migration of tumor cells to organ-derived chemoattractants. Cancer Res. 45:3517-3521, 1985
PubMed
21) Yamori, Iida H, Tsukagoshi S, et al:Growth stimulating activity of lung extract on lung extract on lung-colonization colon 26 clones and its partial-characterization. Clin. Exp. Metastasis 6:131-139, 1992.
 
22) Sugarbaker EV:Patterrls of metastasis in human malignancy. Cancer Biol. Rev. 2:235-278, 1981.
 
23) Fidler IJ, Kripke ML:Metastasis results from preexisting variant cells within a malignant tumor. Science 197:893-895, 1977.
PubMed
24) Glaves D:Correlation between circulating cancer cells and incidence of metastasis. Br. J. Cancer 48:665-673, 1983
PubMed
25) Glaves D, Huben RP, Weiss L:Heamatogenous dissemination of cells from human renal adenocarcinomas. Br. J. Cancer 57:32-35, 1988.
 
26) Fialkow PJ:The origin and development of human tumors studied with cell markers. N. Engl. J. Med. 291:26-35, 1974
PubMed
27) Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR, et al:Clonal analysis using recombinant DNA probes from the X-chromosome. Cancer Res. 27:4806-4813, 1987.
 
28) Nowell PC:Mechanisms of tumor progression. Cancer Res. 48:2203-2207, 1988.
 
29) Nicolson GL:Tumor cell instability, divertification, and progression to the metastatic phenotype:From oncogene to oncofetal expression. Cancer Res. 47:1473-1487, 1987.
 
30) Feron ER, Vogelstein B:Agenetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis. Cell 61:759-767, 1990.
 
31) Dear TN, Kefford RF:Molecular oncogenetics of metastasis. Molec. Aspects Med. 11:243-324, 1990.
 
32) Dear TN, Ramshow JA, Kefford RF:Differential expression of a novel gene, WDNM 1, in nonmetastatic rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 48:5203-5209, 1989.
 
33) Dear TN, McDonald DA, Kefford RF:Transcriptional down-regulation of a rat gene, WDNM 2, in metastatic DNMBA-8 cells. Cancer Res. 49:5323-5328, 1989.
 
34) Phillips SM, Bendal AJ, Ramshow IA:Isolation of gene associated with high metastaticpotential in rat mammary adenocarcinoma. J. Natl. Cancer Finst. 82:199-203, 1990.
 
35) Sharp MGF, Adama SM, Elvin P, et al:A sequence previously identified as metastasis-related encodes an acidic ribosomal phosphoprotein, P 2. Br. J. Cancer 61:83-88, 1990.
 
36) Tulchinsky EM, Grigorian MS, Ebralidze AK, et al:Stracture of gene mts 1, transcribed in metastatic mouse tumor cells. Gene 87:219-225, 1990.
 
37) Pencil SD, Toh Y, Nicolson GL:Candidate metastasis-associated genes of the rat 1376 NF mammary adenocarcinoma. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 25:165-174, 1993.
 
38) Toh Y, Pencil SD, Nicolson GL:A novel candidate metastasis-associated gene, mta 1, differentially expressed in highly metastatic mammary adenocarcinoma cell line. J Biol. Chem. 268:22958-22967, 1994.
 
39) Habets GGM, Scholtes EHM, Zuydeest D, et al:Identification of an invasive-inducing gene, Tiam-1, that encodes a protein with homology to GDP-GTP exchangers for rho-like protein. Cell 77:537-546, 1994.
 
40) Steeg PS, Bevilacqua G, Kopper L, et al:Evidence for a novel gene associated with low tumor metastatic potential. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80:200-204, 1988.
PubMed
41) Dong JT, Lamb PW, Rinker-Schaeffer CW, et al:KAI 1, a metastases suppressor gene for prostate cancer on human chromosome 11 p11. 2. Science 268:884-886, 1995.
 
42) Fidler IJ:Critical factors in the biology of human cancer metastasis. Cancer Res. 50:6130-6138, 1990.
PubMed
43) Morikawa K, Walker SM, Nakajima M, et al:Influence of organ environment on the growth, selection, and metastasis of human colon carcinoma cells in nude mice. Cancer Res. 48:6863-6871, 1988.
PubMed
44) Nicolson GL:Cancer progression and growth:Relationship of paracrine and autocrine growth mechanisms to organ preference of metastasis. Exp. Cell Res. 202:171-180, 1993.
 
45) Liotta LA, Steeg PS, Stetler-Stevenson GW:Cancer metastasis and angiogenesis:An imbalance of positive and negative regulation. Cell 64:327-336, 1991.
 
46) Weidner N, Semple JP, Welch WR, et al:Tumor angiogenesis and metastasis-correlation in breast carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 324:1-8, 1991.
PubMed
47) Weidner LA, Carroll PR, Flax J, et al:Tumor angiogenesis correlates with metastasis in invasive prostate carcinoma. Am. J. Pathol. 143:401-409, 1993.
 
48) Maeda K, Chung Y, Takatsuka S, et al:Tumor angiogenesis as a predictor of recurrence in gastric carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:477-481, 1995.
PubMed
49) Weiss L, Ward PM:Cell detachment and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2:111-127, 1983.
PubMed
50) Behrens J, Mareel MM, Van Roy FM, et al:Dissecting tumor cell invasion:epithelial cells acquire invasive properties after the loss of uvomorulin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. J. Cell Biol. 108:2435-2447, 1989.
PubMed
51) Frixen UH, Behrens J, Sachs M, et al:E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion prevents invasiveness of human carcinoma cells. J Cell Biol. 113:173-185, 1991.
 
52) Vleminckx K, Vakaet L, Mareel M, et al:Genetic manupulation of E-cadherin expression by epithelial tumor cells reveals an invasion suppressor. Cell 66:107-119, 1991.
 
53) Shimoyama Y, Nagafuchi A, Fujita S, et al:Cadherin dysfunction in a human cancer cell line:Possible involvement of loss of α-catenin expression in reduced cell-cell adhesiveness. Cancer Res. 52:5770-5774, 1992.
 
54) Hirano S, Kimoto N, Shimoyama Y, et al:Identification of a neuralα-catenin as a key regulator of cadherin function and multicellular organization. Cell 70:293-301, 1992.
 
55) Anderssen AM, Moran N, Gaardavoll H, et al:Characterization of NCAM expression and function in BT 4 C and BTCn glioma cells. Int. J. Cancer 47:124-129, 1991.
 
56) Eghbali B, Kessler JA, Reid LM, et al:Involvement of gap junctions in tumorigenesis:Transfection of tumor cells with connexin 32 cDNA retards growth in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:10701-10705, 1991.
PubMed
57) Bechimal S, Fuks A, Jothy S:Carcinoembryonic antigen, a human tumor marker, functions as an intercellular adhesion molecule. Cell 57:327-334, 1989.
 
58) Inohara H, Raz A:Functional evidence that cell surface galectin-3 mediates homotipic cell adhesion. Cancer Res. 55:3267-3271, 1995.
 
59) Ligtenberg MJL, Buijs F, Vos HL, et al.:Suppression of cellular aggregation by high levels of episialin. Cancer Res. 52:2318-2324, 1992.
 
60) Shimoyama Y, Hirohashi S:Expression of E-and P-cadherin in gastric carcinomas. Cancer Res. 51:2185-2192, 1991.
 
61) Shiozaki H, Tahara H, Oka H, et al:Expression of immunoreactive E-cadherin adhesion molecules in human cancers. Am. J. Pathol. 139:17-23, 1991.
PubMed
62) Schipper JH, Frixen UH, Behrens J, et al:E-cadherin expression in squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck:inverse correlation with tumor dedifferentiation and lymph node metastasis. Cancer Res. 51:6328-6337, 1991.
PubMed
63) Umbas R, Isaacs WB, Aalders TW, et al.:Decreased expression of E-cadherin in high grade prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 52:5104-5108, 1992.
PubMed
64) Rasbridge SA, Gillet CE, Sampson SA, et al:Epithelial (E-) add placental (P-) cadherin cell adhesion molecule expression in breast carcinoma. J. Pathol. 169:245-250, 1993.
 
65) Bringuier PP, Umbas R, Schaafama HE, et al:Decreased E-cadherin immunoreactivity correlates with poor survival in patients with bladder tumors. Cancer Res. 53:3241-3245, 1993.
 
66) Mattijssen V, Peters HM, Schalkwijk L, et al:E-cadherin expression in head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma is associated with clinical outcome. Int. J. Cancer 55:580-585, 1993.
PubMed
67) Shiozaki H, Iihara K, Oka H, et al:Immunohistochemical detection of α-catenin expression in human cancer. Am. J. Pathol. 144:1-8, 1994.
 
68) Jessup JM, Homas P:Carcinoembryonic antigen:function in metastasis by human colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 8:263-280, 1989.
 
69) Zotter S, Philomena CH, Lossnitzer A, et al:Tissue and tumor distribution of human polymorphic epithelial mucin. Cancer Rev. 11-12:55-101, 1988.
 
70) Nakamori S, Ota DM, Cleary KR, et al:MUC 1 mucin expression as a marker of progression and metastasis of human colorectal carcinoma. Gastroenterology 106:353-361, 1994.
PubMed
71) Liotta LA:Tumor invasion and metastases-Role of the extracellular matrix. Cancer Res. 46:1-7, 1986.
 
72) Fidler IJ:Metastasis:Quantitative analysis of distribution and fate of tumor emboli labeled with 125I-5-iod-2'-deoxyuridine. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 45:773-782, 1970.
 
73) Hill RP, Young SD, Cillo D, et al:Metastatic cell phenotypes:Quantitative studies using the experimental metastasis assay. Cancer Rev. 5:118-151, 1986.
 
74) Hilgard P:Anticoagulants and tumor growth:Pharmacological consideration. In Cancer Invasion and Metastasis:Biologic and Therapeutic Aspects (eds. by Nicolson GL, Milas L) , Raven Press, New York, 1984, pp. 353-360.
 
75) Gasic GJ:Role of plasma, platelets and endothelial cells and incidence of metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 3:665-673, 1983.
 
76) Tsuruo T, Kawabata H, Iida H, et al:Tumor-induced platelet aggregation and growth promoting factors as determinants for successful tumor metastasis. Clin. Exp. Metastasis 4:25-33, 1986.
PubMed
77) Handa K, Nudelman E, Striud MR, et al:Selectin GMP-140 (CD 62;PADGEM) binds to sialosyl-Lex and sialosyl-Lea, and sulfated glycans modulate this binding. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 181:1223-1230, 1991.
 
78) Magnani JL, Nilsson BO, Brockhaus M, et al:A monoclonal antibody-defined antigen associated with gastrointestinal cancer in aganglioside containing sialylated lacto-N-fucopentaose II. J. Biol. Chem. 257:14365-14369, 1982.
 
79) Fukishima K, Hirota M, Terasaki PI, et al:Characterization of sialosylated Lewisx as a new tumor-associated antigen. Cancer Res. 44:5279-5285, 1984.
 
80) Ruoslahti E, Gianocotti FG:Integrins and tumor cell dissemination. Cancer Cells 1:119-126, 1989.
 
81) Haynes BF, Liao HX, Patton KL:The transmembrane hyauronate receptor (CD 44) :Multiple functions, multiple forms. Cancer Cells 3:347-350, 1991.
 
82) Hanna N:Role of natural killer cells in host defense against cancer metastasis. In Cancer Invasion and Metastasis:Biologic and Therapeutic Aspects (edited by Nicolson GL, Milas L) , Raven Press, New York, 1984, pp. 309-319.
 
83) Springer TA, Laskey LA:Sticky sugars for selectins. Nature 349:196-197, 1991.
 
84) Kramer RH, Nicolson GL:Interactions of tumor cells with vascular endothelial cell monolayers:A model for metastatic invasion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:5704-5708, 1979.
 
85) Springer TA:Adhesion receptor of immune system. Nature 346:425-434, 1990.
 
86) Lawrence MB, Springer TA:Leukocytes roll on a selectin at physiologic flow rates:Distinct from and prerequisite for adhesion through integrins. Cell 65:859-873, 1991.
PubMed
87) Stetler-Stevenson WG, Aznavvrian S, Liotta LA:Tumor cell interactions with the extracellular matrix during invasion and metastasis. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 9:541-573, 1993.
 
88) Skinner MP, Lucas CM, Burns GF, et al:GMP-140 binding to neutrophils is inhibited by sulfated glycans. J. Biol. Chem. 266:5371-5374, 1991.
PubMed
89) Hynes RO:Integrins:A family of cell surface receptors. Cell 48:549-554, 1987.
PubMed
90) Hynes RO:Integrins:Versatility, modulation, signaling in cell adhesion. Cell 69:11-25, 1992.
PubMed
91) Rice GE, Bevilacqua MP:An inducible endothelial cell surface glucoprotein mediates melanoma adhesion. Science 246:1303-1306, 1989.
 
92) Takada A, Ohmori K, Yoneda Y, et al:Contribution of carbohydrate antigens sialyl Lewis A and sialyl Lewis X to adhesion of human cancer cells to vascular endothelium. Cancer Res. 53:354-361, 1993.
 
93) Izumi Y, Taniuchi Y, Tsuji T, et al:Characterization of human colon carcinoma variant cells selected for sialyl Lex carbohydrate antigen:Liver colonization and adhesion to vascular endothelial cells. Exp. Cell Res. 216:215-221, 1995
PubMed
94) Sacchi A, Falcioni R, Kennel SJ, et al:Ligand-induced phosphorylation of murine tumor surface protein (TSP-180) associated with metastasis phenotype. Cancer Res. 49:2615-2620, 1989.
PubMed
95) Chan BM, Matsuura N, Hemler ME, et al:In vitro and in vivo consequences of VLA-2 expression on rabdomyosarcomas cells. Science 251:1600-1602, 1991.
 
96) Humphries MJ, Olden K, Yamada KM:A synthetic peptide from fibronectin inhibits experimental metastasis of murine melanoma. Science 233:467-470, 1986.
PubMed
97) Nakamori S, Kameyama M, Imaoka S, et al:Increased expression of sialyl Lewisx antigen correlates with poor survival in patients with colorectal carcinoma:Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study. Cancer Res. 53:3632-3637,
PubMed
98) Nakayama T, Watanabe M, Katsumata T, et al:Expression of sialyl Lewisa as a new prognostic factor for patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 75:2051-2056, 1995.
PubMed
99) Nakamori S, Furukawa H, Hiratsuka M, et al:Altered expression of sialyl Lea and sialyl Lex antigens in prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. In 1st international gastric cancer congress (eds. by Nishi M, Sugano H, Takahashi T) , Mondussi Editore, Bologna, 1995, pp. 985-989.
 
100) Narita T, Funahashi H, Satoh Y, et al:Association of blood group-related carbohydrate antigens with prognosis in breast cancer. Cancer 71:3044-3049, 1993.
PubMed
101) Kawai T, Suzuki M, Kase K, et al:Expression of carbohydrate antigens in human pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Cancer 72:1581-1587, 1993.
PubMed
102) Albelda SM, Mette SA, Buck CA, et al:Integrin distribution in malignant melanoma:association of the B3 subunit with tumor progression. Cancer Res. 50:6757-6764, 1990.
 
103) Kramer RH, Vu M, Cheng YF, et al:Integrin expression in malignant melanoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 10:115-128, 1991
 
104) Tomita Y, Saito T, Saito K, et al:Possible significance of VLA-4(α4β1) for hematogenous metastasis of renal-cell cancer. Int. J. Cancer 60:753-758, 1995.
 
105) Fujita S, Watanabe M, Kubota T, et al:Alteration of expression in integrin β1-subunit correlates with invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett. 91:145-149, 1995.
 
106) Jalkanen S, Bargatze RF, de los Toyos J, et al:Homing receptors and the control of lymphocyte recognition. Immunol. Rev. 96:39-60, 1986.
 
107) Aruffo A, Stamenkovic I, Melnick M, et al:CD 44 is the principal cell surface receptor for hyaluronate. Cell 61:1303-1313, 1990.
 
108) Haynes BF, Liao HX, Patton KL:The transmembrane hyaluronate receptor (CD 44) :Multiple functions, multiple forms. Cancer Cell 3:347-350, 1991.
 
109) Hofman M, Rudy W, Zoller M, et al:CD 44 splice variant of glycoprotein confer metastatic behavior in rat. Cancer Res. 51:5292-5297, 1991.
 
110) Gunthert U, Hofman M, Rudy W, et al:A new variant of glycoprotein CD 44 confer metastatic potential to rat carcinoma cells. Cell 65:13-24, 1991.
 
111) Rudy W, Hofmann M, Scfwartz-Albeyz R, et al:The two major CD 44 proteins expressed on a metastatic rat tumor cell line are derived from different splice variants:each one individually suffices to confer metastatic behavior. Cancer Res. 53:1262-1268, 1993.
 
112) Matsumura Y, Tarin D:Significance of CD 44 gene products for cancer diagnosis and disease evaluation. Lancet 340:1053-1058, 1992.
 
113) Tanabe KT, Ellis LM, Daya H:Expression of CD 44 R1 adhesion molecule in colon carcinoma and metastasis. Lancet 341:725-726, 1993.
 
114) Mayer B, Jauch KW, Gunthert U, et al:De-novo expression of CD 44 and survival in gastric cancer. Lancet 342:1019-1022, 1993.
 
115) Mackay CR, Terpe HJ, Stauder R, et al:Expression and modulation of CD 44 variant isoforms in humans. J. Cell Biol. 124:71-72, 1994.
 
116) Raz A, Lotan R:Endogenous galactoside-binding lectins:a new class of functional cell surface molecules related to metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 6:433-452, 1987.
PubMed
117) Senger DR, Galli SJ, Dvorak AM, et al:Tumor cell secrete a vascular permeability factor that promote accumulation of ascites fluid. Science 219:983-985, 1983.
PubMed
118) Honn KV, Tang DG, Grossi I, et al:Tumor cell-derived 12(S) -hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid induces microvascular endothelial cell retraction. Cancer Res. 54:565-574, 1994.
PubMed
119) Stoolman LM:Adhesion molecules controlling lymphocyte migration. Cell 56:907-910, 1989.
PubMed
120) Khokha R, Denhardt DT:Matrix metalloproteases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases:a review of their role in tumorigenesis and tissue invasion. Invasion Metastasis 9:391-405, 1989.
PubMed
121) Nakajima M, Chop AM:Tumor invasion and extracellular matrix degradative enzymes:regulation of activity by organ factors. Semin. Cancer Biol. 2:115-127, 1991.
PubMed
122) Sato H, Takino T, Okada Y, et al:A matrix metalloprotease expressed on the surface of invasive tumor cells. Nature 370:61-65, 1994.
PubMed
123) Khokha R, Waterhouse P, Yagel S, et al:Anti-sense RNA-induced reduction in murine TIMP leveles confers oncogenicity in Swiss 3 T 3 cells. Science 243:947-950, 1989.
 
124) Lah TT, Kokalj-Kunovar M, Strukelj B, et al:Stefins and lysosomal cathepsins B, L, and D in human breast carcinoma. Int. J. Cancer 50:36-44, 1992.
 
125) Zucker S, Lysik RM, Zarrabi MH, et al:Mr 92, 000 collagenase is increased in plasma of patients with colon cancer and breast cancer. Cancer Res. 53:140-146, 1993.
PubMed
126) Shuja S, Sheehan K, Murnane MJ:Cystein endopeptidase activity levels in normal human tissues, colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. Int. J. Cancer 49:341-346, 1991.
 
127) Nomura H, Sato H, Seiki M, et al:Expression of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase in human gastric carcinomas. Cancer Res. 55:3263-3266, 1995.
PubMed
128) Tandon AK, Clark GM, Chamness GC, et al:Cathepsin D and prognosis in breast cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:297-302, 1990.
PubMed
129) Fabra A, Nakajima M, Bucana CD, et al:Modulation of the invasive phenotype of human colon carcinoma cells by fibroblasts from orthotopic or ectopic organs of nude mice. Differentiation 52:101-110, 1992.
 
130) Kolega J:Effects of mechanical tension on protrusive activity and microfilament and intermediate filament organization in an epidermal epithelium moving in culture. J. Cell Biol. 102:1400-1411, 1986.
 
131) Aznavoorian SA, Stracke ML, Krutzsch H, et al:Signal transduction for chemotaxis and haptotaxis by matrix molecules in tumor cells. J. Cell Biol. 110:1427-1438, 1990.
 
132) McCarthy JB, Hager SJ, Furcht LTF:Human fibronectin contains distinct adhesion-and motility promoting domains for metastatic melanoma cells. J. Cell Biol. 102:179-188, 1986.
 
133) Mensing H, Albini A, Krieg T, et al:Enhanced chemotaxis of tumor-derived and virus-transformed cells to fibronectin and fibroblast conditioned medium. Int. J. Cancer 33:43-48, 1985.
 
134) McCarthy JB, Basara ML, Palm SL, et al:The role of cell adhesion proteins laminin and fibronectin in the movement of malignant and metastatic cells. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 4:125-152, 1985.
PubMed
135) Stoker M, Gherardi E:Regulation of cell movement:The motogenic cytokines. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1072:81-102, 1991
PubMed
136) Liotta LA, Mandler R, Murano G, et al:Tumor cell autocrine motility factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:3302-3306, 1986.
PubMed
137) Grey AM, Schor AM, Rushton G, et al:Purification of the migration stimulating factor produced by fetal and breast cancer patient fibroblasts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:2422-2438, 1989.
 
138) Weidner KM, Arakaki N, Hartmann G, et al:Evidence for the identity of human scatter factor and human hepatocyte growth factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:7001-7005, 1991.
PubMed
139) Stracke ML, Krutzsch HC, Unsworth EJ, et al:Identification, purification, and partial sequence analysis of Autotaxin, a novel motility-stimulating protein. J. Biol. Chem. 267:2524-2529, 1992.
 
140) Wang M, Stearns M:Isolation and characterization of PC-3 human prostatic tumor sublines which preferentially metastasize to select organs in S. C. I. D. mice. Differentiation 48:115-121, 1991.
 
141) Watanabe H, Carmi P, Hogan V, et al:Purification of human tumor cell autocrine motility factor and molecular cloning of its receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 266:13442-13448, 1991.
PubMed
142) Wang M, Steans M, Stearns ME:Identification of the receptor for a novel Mr 78, 000 "Invasion stimulating factor" from metastatic human prostatic PC-3 ML clones. Cancer Res. 54:2492-2495, 1994.
 
143) Guiruis R, Schiffman E, Liu B, et al:Detection of autocrine motility factor in urine as a marker of bladder cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 12:1203-1211, 1988.
 
144) Picard M, Schor S, Grey AM, et al:Migration-stimulating activity in serum of breast cancer patients. Lancet 337:130-133, 1991.
 
145) Otto T, Birchmeier W, Schmit U, et al:Inverse relation of E-cadherin and autocrine motility factor receptor expression as a prognostic factor in patients with bladder carcinoma. Cancer Res. 54:3120-3123, 1994.
 
146) Nakamori S, Watanabe H, Kameyama M, et al:Expression of autocrine motility factor receptor in colorectal cancer as a predictor for disease recurrence. Cancer 74:1855-1862, 1994.
PubMed
147) Hamada J, Cavanaugh PG, Lotan O, et al:Separable growth and migration factors for large-cell lymphoma cells secreted by microvasucular endothelial cells derived from target organs for metastasis. Br. J. Cancer 66:349-353, 1992.
 
148) Isoai A, Giga-Hama Y, Shinkai K, et al:Purification and characterization of tumor invasion-inhibiting factors. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 81:909-914, 1990.
PubMed
149) Cerra RF, Nathanson SD:Organ-specific chemotactic factors present in lung extracellular matrix. J. Surg. Res. 46:422-426, 1989.
PubMed
150) Miyake M, Hakomori S:A specific cell surface glycoconjugate controlling cell motility:Evidence by functional monoclonal antibodies that inhibit cell motility and tumor cell metastasis. Biochemistry 340:3328-3334, 1991.
 
151) Schaller MD, Borgman CA, Cobb BS, et al:pp 125 FAK, a structurally distinctive proteintyrosin kinase associated with focal adhesions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:5192-5196, 1992.
 
152) Hanks SK, Calalb MB, Harper MC, et al:Focal adhesion protein-tyrosine kinase phosphorylated in response to cell attachment to fibronectin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:8487-8491, 1992.
PubMed
153) Guan JL, Shalloway D:Regulation of focal adhesion-associated protein tyrosine kinase by both cellular adhesion and oncogenic transformation. Nature 358:690-692, 1992.
PubMed
154) Weiner TM, Liu ET, Craven R, et al:Expression of focal adhesion kinase gene and invasive cancer. Lancet 342:1024-1025, 1993.
PubMed
155) Nobes CD, Hall A:Rho, Rac, and cdc 42 GTPases regulate the assembly of multimolecular focal complexes associated with actin stress fibers, lamellipodia, and filopodia. Cell 81:53-62, 1995.
 
156) Schabel FM:Concepts for systhmic treatment of micrometastasis. Cancer 35:15-24, 1975
 
157) Fidler IJ:The evolution of biological heterogeneity in metastatic neoplasms, in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis:Biologic and Therapeutic Aspects (edited by Nicolson GL, Milas L) , Raven Press, New York, 1984, pp. 5-30.
 
158) Nicolson GL:Cancer metastasis;Tumor cell and host organ properities important in metastasis to specific secondary sites. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 948:175-224, 1988.
 
159) Yamori T, Iizuka Y, Takayama Y, et al:Insulin-like growth factor I induces tyrosine phoephorylation of a Mr 150, 000 and Mr 160, 000 protein in highly metastatic mouse colon carcinoma 26 NL-17 cells. Cancer Res. 51:5859-5865, 1991.
 
160) Folkman J:Tumor angiogenesis:A possible control point in tumor growth. Ann. Intern. Med. 82:96-100, 1975.
PubMed
161) Holmgren L, Michael SO, Folkman J:Dormancy of micrometastases:Balanced proliferation and apoptosis in the presence of angiogenesis suppression. Nature Med. 1:149-153, 1995.
 
162) Sasaki A, Boyce BF, Story B, et al:Bisphonate risedrate reduces metastatic human breast cancer in bone in nude mice. Cancer Res. 55:3551-3557, 1995.
 
163) Yamaoka M, Yamamoto T, Sudo K, et al:Inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis of rodent tumor by the angiogenesis inhibitor O-(choroacetyl-carbamoyl) fumagillol (TNP-470;AGM-1470) . Cancer Res. 53:4262-4267, 1993.
 
164) Tanaka T, Konno H, Baba S, et al:Prevention of hepatic metastasis of human colon cancer by angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470. Cancer Res. 55:836-839, 1995.
PubMed
165) Iishi H, Tatsuta M, Baba M, et al:Suppression by amiloride of bombesin-enhanced peritoneal metastasis of intestinal adenocarcinomas induced by azoxymethane. Int. J. Cancer, 63:716-719, 1995.
PubMed

11. 腫瘍免疫

P.182 掲載の参考文献
1) Old LJ:Cancer immunology:The search for specificity-G. H. A. Clowes memorial lecture. Cancer Res. 41:361-375, 1981.
 
2) Lloyd KO, Old LJ:Human monoclonal antibodies to glycolipids and other carbohydrate antigens:Dissection of the human immune response in cancer patients. Cancer Res. 49:3445-3451, 1989.
PubMed
3) Itoh K, Platsoucas CD and Balch CM:Autologous tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the infiltrate of human metastatic melanomas. Activation by interleukin 2 and autologous tumor cells, and the involvement of the T cell receptor. J. Exp. Med. 168:1419-1441, 1988.
 
4) Knuth A, Wolfel T, Klehmann E, et al:Cytolytic T-cell clones against an autologous human melanoma:Specificity study and definition of the antigens by immunoselection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:2804-2808, 1989.
PubMed
5) Anichini A, Mazzocchi A, Fossati G, et al:Cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones from peripheral blood and from tumor site detect intratumor heterogeneity of melanoma cells. Analysis of specificity and Mechanisms of interaction. J. Immunol. 142:3692-3701, 1989.
PubMed
6) Bjorkman PJ, Saper MA, Samraoui B, et al:Structure of the human class I histocompatibility antigen, HLA-A2. Nature 329:506-512, 1987.
PubMed
7) Townsend ARM, Rothbard J, Gotch FM, et al:The epitopes of influenza nucleoprotein recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes can be defined with short synthetic peptides. Cell 44:959-968, 1986.
 
8) Cox ALJ, Skipper Y, Chen RA, et al:Identification of a peptide recognized by five melanomaspecific human cytotoxic T cell lines. Science 264:716, 1994.
 
9) Van der BP, Traversari C, Chomez P, et al:A gene encoding an antigen recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes on a human melanoma. Science 254:1643-1697, 1991.
 
10) Brichard VA, Van Pel T, Wolfel C, et al:The tyrosinase gene codes for an antigen recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes on HLA-A2 melanomas. J. Exp. Med. 178:489, 1993.
 
11) Kawakami Y, Eliyahu S, Delgaldo CH, et al:Cloning of the gene coding for a shared human melanoma antigen recognized by autologous T cells infiltrating into tumor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91:3515-3519, 1994.
 
12) Kawakami Y, Eliyahu S, Sakaguchi K, et al:Identification of the immunodominant peptides the MART-1 human melanoma antigen recognized by the majority of HLA-A2 restricted tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 180:347-352, 1994.
PubMed
13) Jung S, Schluesener HJ:Human T lymphocytes recognize a peptide of single point-mutated, oncogenic ras proteins. J. Exp. Med. 173:273-276, 1991.
 
14) Skipper J, Stauss HJ:Identification of two cytotoxic T lymphocyte-recognized epitopes in the Ras protein. J. Exp. Med. 177:1493-1498, 1993.
PubMed
15) Fenton RG, Taub DD, Kwak LW, et al:Cytotoxic T-cell response and in vivo protection against tumor cells harboring activated ras prote-oncogenes. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 85:1294-1302, 1993.
 
16) Peace DJ, Smith JW, Chen W, et al:Lysis of ras oncogene-transformed cells by specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes elicited by primary in vitro immunization with mutated ras peptide. J. Exp. Med. 179:473-479, 1994.
PubMed
17) Ioannides C, Fisk B, Fan D, et al:Cytotoxic T cells isolated from ovarian malignant ascites recognize a peptide derived from the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene. Cell Immunol. 151:225-245, 1993.
PubMed
18) Yoshino I, Peoples GE, Goedegebuure PS, et al:Association of HER2/neu expression with sensitivity to tumor-specific CTL in human ovarian cancer. J. Immunol. 152:2393-2399, 1994.
PubMed
19) Fisk B, Blevins TL, Wharton JT, et al:Identification of an immunodominant peptide of HER2/neu proto-oncogene recognized by ovarian tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte lines. J. Exp. Med. 181:2109-2117, 1995.
 
20) Carl HJ, Mahmood T, Hans W, et al:Rational use of biological response modifiers in hematological malignancies-A review of treatment with interferon, cytotoxic cells and antibodies. Leuk. Res. 13:1039-1046, 1989.
 
21) 高橋利忠, 上田龍三:15. 単クローン抗体の治療への応用. がんと生体防御, (徳永徹編) , 東京大学出版会, 1994, pp. 190-203.
 
22) Byers VS, Rodvien R, Grant K, et al:Phase I study monoclonal antibody-ricin a chain immunotoxin xomazyme-791 in patients with metastatic colon cancer. Cancer Res. 49:6153-6160, 1989.
PubMed
23) Steven AR:The immunotheraty and gene therapy of cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:180-199, 1992.
 
24) Steven AR, John RY, James CY, et al:Treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and interleukin 2. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:1159-1166, 1994.
 

12. 血管新生

P.204 掲載の参考文献
1) Folkman J, Klagsbrun M:Angiogenic Factors. Science 234:444-447, 1987.
 
2) Denekamp J, Hill S, Hobson B:Vascular occlusion and tumor cell death. Europ. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 19:271-275, 1983.
 
3) 龍頭正浩, 自見政一郎, 小野眞弓・他:癌の浸潤および転移. 血管と内皮 5:41-50, 1995.
 
4) 後 信, 桑野信彦:癌転移阻止剤開発へのアプローチ. 日本癌治療学会誌 30:713-723, 1995.
 
5) Bickenell R:Vascualr targeting and the inhibition of angiogenesis. Ann. Oncol. 5 Suppl. 4:45-50, 1994.
 
6) Kapp J, Broder S:Molecular foundations of cancer:new targets for intervention. Nature Medicine 1:309-320, 1995.
 
7) Gimbrone M Jr, Cotran R S, Leapman S B, et al:Tumor growth and neovascularization:an experimental model using the rabbit cornea. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 52:413-427, 1974.
 
8) Langer R, Folkman J:Polymers for the sustained release of proteins and wther macromolecules. Nature 263:797-799, 1976.
PubMed
9) Gitterman CO, Luell S:Transfilter induction of vascular proliferation on the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonated eggs. Proc. Amer. Ass. Cancer Res. 10:29, 1969.
 
10) Abe T, Okamura K, Ono M, et al:Induction of vascular endothelial tubular morphogenesis by human glioma cells:A model system for tumor angiogenesis. J. Clinic. Invest 92:54-61, 1993.
 
11) Sanders AG:Microcirculation of normal and malignant tissues. J. Anta. 93:631, 1963.
 
12) Greenblatt M, Shubik P:Transfilter diffusion studies in the hamster by the transparent chamber technique. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 41:111-124, 1968.
 
13) Sandison J C:A new method for the microscopic study of living growing tissue by the introdrction of transparent chamber in the rabbits ear. Anat. Rec. 28:281, 1924.
 
14) Matsuda T, Okamura K, Sato Y, et al:Decreased response to epidermal growth factor during cellular senescence in cultured human microvascular endothelila cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 150:510-516, 1992.
 
15) Folkman J, Haudenschild C:Angiogenesis in vitro. Nature 288:551-556, 1980.
PubMed
16) 佐藤靖史:血管新生 (新しい展開) . 血管と内皮 5:7-14, 1995.
 
17) Fiedler IJ, Ellis LM:The implications of angiogenesis for the biology and therapy of cancer metastasis cell. 79:185-188, 1994.
 
18) Kuwano M, Ushiro S, Ryuto M, et al:Regulation of angiogenesis by growth factors. Gann Monograph. on Cancer Research, In Growth Factors in cell Growth, Morphogenesis and Transformation (edited by Nakamura T and Matsumoto K) CRC press, 42:113-125, 1994.
 
19) Montesano R, Vassalli JD, Baird A, et al:Basic fibroblast growth factor induces angiogenesis in vitro. Proc. Nat. Acd. Sci. USA. 83:7297-7301, 1986.
 
20) Rifkin D B, Moscatelli D:Recent developments in the cell biology of basic fibroblast growth factor. J Cell Biol. 109:1-6, 1989.
PubMed
21) Yayon A, Klagsbrun M, Esko J D, et al:Cell surface, heparin-like molecules are required for binding of basic fibroblast growth factor to its higfaffinity receptor. Cell 64:841-848, 1991.
PubMed
22) Salahuddin S, Nakamura S, Biberfeeld P, et al:Angiogenic properties of Kaposi's sarcomaderived cells after long-term culture in vitro. Science 242:430-433, 1988.
 
23) Ensoli B, Gendelman R, Markham P, et al:Synergy between basic fibroblast growth factor and HIV-1 Tat protein in inductio of Kaposi's sarcoma. Nature 371:674-680, 1994.
 
24) Senger D R, Galli S J, Dvorak A M, et al:Tumor cells secrete a vascular permiability factor that promotes accumulation of ascites fluid. Science. 219:983-985, 1983.
 
25) Ferrara N, Leung DW, Cachianes G, et al:Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen. Science 246:1306-1312, 1989.
PubMed
26) Houck K A, Leung D W, Rowland A M, et al:Dual regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor bioavailability by genetic and proteolytic mechanism. J. Biol. Chem. 267:26031-26037, 1992.
PubMed
27) Shibuya M, Yamaguchi S, Yamane A, et al:Nucleotide sequence and expression of a novel human receptor-type tyrosine kinase gene (flt) closely related to the fms family. Oncogene 5:519-524, 1990.
 
28) Matthews W, Jordan C T, Gavin M, et al:A receptor tyrosine kinase cDNA isolated from a population of enriched promitive hematopoietic cells and exhibiting close genetic linkage to ckit. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 88:9026-9030, 1991.
 
29) Millauer B, Shawver L K, Plate K H, et al:Glioglastoma growth inhibited in vivo by a dominant-negative Flk-1 mutant. Nature 367:576-579, 1994.
PubMed
30) Kim J K, et al:Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Nature 362:841-844, 1993.
 
31) Shweike D, Itin A, Neufeld G, et al:Patterns of expression of vascular endothelilal growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors in mice suggest a role in hormonally regulated angiogenesis. J. Clin. Invest. 91:2235-2243, 1993.
 
32) Samoto K, Ikezaki K, Ono M, et al:Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its possible relation with neozascularization in human brain tumors. Cancer Res. 55:1189-1193, 1995.
PubMed
33) 宮園浩平:細胞増殖因子のバイオロジー. 実験医学バイオサイエンス. 羊土社. 東京, 1992. pp 11-122.
 
34) Sato Y, Rifkin D B:Autocrine activities of basic fibroblast growth factor:regulation of endothelial cell movement, plasminogen activator synthesis, and DNA synthesis. J. Cell Biol. 107:1199-1205, 1988.
PubMed
35) Tada K, Fukunaga T, Wakabayashi Y, et al:Inhibition of tubular morphogenesis in human microvascular endothelial cells by co-culture with chondrocytes and invovlement of transforming growth factor beta:a model for avascularity in human cartilage. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1201:135-142, 1994.
 
36) Sato Y, Okada F, Abe M, et al:The mechanism for the activation of latent TGF-β during co-culture of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells:cell-type specific targeting of latent TGF-β to smooth muscle cells. J. Cell Biol. 123:1249-1254, 1993.
 
37) Matsushima K, Morishita K, Yoshimura T, et al:Molecular cloning of a human monocytederived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF) and the induction of MDNCF mRNA by interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor. J. Exp. Med. 167:1883-1893, 1988.
PubMed
38) DeForge LE, Preston AM, Takeuchi E, et al:Regulation of interleukin 8 gene expression by oxidant stress. J. Biol. Chem. 268:25568-25576, 1993.
PubMed
39) Oliveira IC, Mukaida N, Matsushima K, et al:Transcriptional inhibition of the interleukin-8 gene by interferon in mediated by NF-κB site. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:5300-5308, 1994.
 
40) Mukaida N, Morita M, Ishikawa Y, et al:Novel mechanism of glucocorticoid-mediated gene repression. Nuclear factor-κB is target for glucocorticoid-mediated interleukin 8 gene repression. J. Biol. Chem. 269:13289-13295, 1994.
 
41) Holmes WE, Lee J, Kuang WJ, et al:Structure and functional expression of a human interleukin-8 receptor. Science 253:1278-1280, 1991.
 
42) Murphy PM, Tiffany HL:Cloning of complementary DNA encoding a functional human interleukin-8 receptor. Scinece 253:1280-1283, 1991.
 
43) Koch AE, Polverini PJ, Kunkel SL, et al:Interleukin-8 as a macrophage-derived mediator of angiogenesis. Scinece 258:1789-1801, 1992.
 
44) Smith DR, Polverini PJ, Kunkel SL, et al:Inhibition of interleukin 8 attenuates angiogenesis in bronchogenic carcinoma. J. Exp. Med. 179:1409-1415, 1994.
PubMed
45) 宮坂昌之:細胞工学 別冊. 接着分子ハンドブック. 秀潤社. 東京, 1994, pp 7-281.
 
46) Nguyen M, Strubel NA, Bischoff J, et al:A role for sialyl Lewis-X/A glycoconjugates in capillary morphogenesis. Nature 365:267-269, 1993.
PubMed
47) Lampugnani MG, Reanati MA, Rosenfeld M, et al:The role of integrins in the maintenance of endothelial monolayer integrinity. J. Cell. Biol. 112:479-490, 1991.
 
48) Leavesley DI, Schwartz MA, Rosenfeld M, et al:Integrin β1-andβ3-mediated endothelial cell migration is triggered through distinct signaling mechanisms. J. Cell. Biol. 121:163-170, 1993.
 
49) Gamble JR, Matthias LJ, Meyer G, et al:Regulation of in vitro capillary tube formation by anti-integrin antibodies. J. Cell Biol. 121:931-943, 1993.
PubMed
50) Friendlander M, Brooks PC, Shaffer RW, et al:Definition of two angiogenic pathways by distinct integrins. Science. 270:1500-1502, 1995.
 
51) Newman PF, Berndt MC, Gorski J, et al:PECAM-1(CD 31) cloning and relation to adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. Science 247:1219-1222, 1990.
 
52) Albelda SM, Oliver PD, Romer LH, et al:Endo CAM:A novel endothelial cell-cell adhesion molecule. J. Cell. Biol. 110:1227-1237, 1990.
 
53) Albelda SM, Muller WA, Buck CA, et al:Molecular and cellular properties of PECAM-1 (endoCAM/CD 31) :A novel vescular cell-cell adhesion molecule. J. Cell. Biol. 114:1059-1068, 1991.
 
54) Nicosia RF, Bonanno E, Smith M, et al:Fibronectin promotes the elongation of microvessels during angiogenesis in vitro. J. Cell. Physiol. 154:654-661, 1993.
PubMed
55) Grant DS, Tashiro K, Segui-real B, et al:Two differential laminin domains mediate the differentiation of human endothelial cells into capillary-like structures in vitro. Cell 58:933-943, 1989.
PubMed
56) Iruela-Arispe ML, Hasselaar P, Sage H, et al:Differentioal expression of extracellular proteins is correlated with angiogenesis in vitro. Lab. Invest. 64:174-186, 1991.
PubMed
57) Jackson CJ, Jenkins KL:Type 1 collagen fibrils promote rapid vascular tube formation upon contact with the apical side of cultured endothelium. Exp. Cell Res. 192:319-323, 1991.
PubMed
58) Lane TF, Sage EH:The biology of SPARC, a protein that modulates cell-matorix interactions. FASEB. J. 8:163-173, 1991
 
59) Brooks PC, Montgomery AM, Rosenfeld M, et al:Integrin αvβ3 antagonists promote tumor regression by inducing apoptosis of angiogenic blood vessels. Cell 79:1157-1164, 1994.
 
60) Srivastava A, Laidler P, Davies R, et al:The prognostic significance of tumor vascularity in intermediate-thicknes (0. 76-4. O mm thick) skin melanoma. Am. J. Pathol. 133:419-423, 1986.
 
61) Weidner N, Semple J P, Welgh W R, et al:Tumore angiogenesis and metastasis-Correlation in invasive breast carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 324:1-8, 1991.
 
62) Bosari S, Lee AKC, DeLellis RA, et al:Microvessels quantitation and prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 23:755-761, 1992.
 
63) Horak E, Leek R, Klenk N, et al:Angiogenesis, assessed by platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule antibodies, as indicator of node metastases and survival in breast cancer. Lancet 340:1120-1124, 1992.
PubMed
64) Macchiarini P, Fontaini G, Hardin MJ, et al:Relation of neovasculature to metastasis of non-small-cell lung cacner. Lancet 340:145-146, 1992.
 
65) Wakui S, Furusato M, Itoh T, et al:Tumor angiogenesis in prostatic carcinoma with and without bone marrow metastasis:A morphometric study. J. Pathol. 168:257-262, 1992.
PubMed
66) Weidner N, Carroll PR, Flax J, et al:Tumor angiogenesis correlates with metastasis in invasive prostate carcinoma. Am. J. Pathol. 143:401-409, 1993.
PubMed
67) Paget S:The distribution of secondary growths in cancer of the breast. Lancet 1:571-573, 1989.
 
68) 神奈木玲児, 銭田晃一, 露岡清隆・他:セクレチンとそのリガンド. 癌転移の分子機構と転移の阻止 (井川洋二・他編) . 羊土社, 1994. pp 931-940.
 
69) Mattila P, Majuri M-J, Renkonen R:VLA-4 integrin on sarcoma cell lines recognizes endothelial VCAM-1. Differential regulation of the VLA-4 avidity on various sarcoma cell lines. Int. J. Cancer 52:918-923, 1992.
PubMed
70) Aruffo A, Dietsch MT, Wan H, et al:Granule membrane protein 140 (GMP 140) binds to carcinomas and carcinoma-derived cell lines. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89:2292-2296, 1992.
PubMed
71) O'Reilly MS, Holmgren L, Shing Y, et al:Angiostain:A novel angiogenesis inhibitor that mediates the suppression of metastases by a Lewis lung carcinoma. Cell 79:315-328, 1994.
 
72) Holmgren L, O'Reilly MS, Folkman J:Dormany of micrometastases:balanced proliferation and apoptosis in the presence of angiogenesis suppression. Nature Medicine, 1:149-153, 1995.
 
73) Lawler J, Hynes RO:The structures of human thrombospondin, an adhesive glycoprotein with multiple calciummm-binding sites and homologies with several different proteins. J. Cell Biol. 103:1635-1648, 1986.
PubMed
74) Bornstein P:Thrombospondins:structure and regulation of expression. FASEB J. 6:3290-3299, 1986, 1197-1209, 1992.
 
75) Tuszynski GP, Gasic TB, Rothman VL, et al:Thrombosondin, a potentiator of tumor cell metastasis. Cancer Res. 47:4130-4133, 1987.
 
76) Castle V, Varani J, Fligiel S, et al:Antisense mediated reduction in thrombospondin reverses the malignant phenotype of a human squamous carcinoma. J. Clin. Invest. 87:1883-1888, 1991.
PubMed
77) Taraboletti G, Roberts D, Liotta LA, et al:Platelet thrombospondin modulates endothelial cell adhesion, motility, and growth:a potential angiogenesis regulatory factor. J. Cell Biol. 111:765-772, 1990.
 
78) Iruera-Arispe ML, Bornstein P, Sage H:Thrombospondin exerts an antiangiogeneic effect on cord formation by endothelial cells in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 88:5026-5030, 1991.
 
79) Tolsma SS, Volpert OV, Good DJ, et al:Peptides derived from two separate domains fo the matrix protein thrombospondin-1 have anti-angiogenic activity. J. Cell Biol. 122:497-511, 1993.
 
80) Weinstat-Saslow DL, Zabrenetzky VS, Van Houtte K, et al:Transfection of thrombospon 1 complementary DNA into a human carcinoma cell line reduces primary tumor gorwth, metastatic potential, and angiogenesis. Cancer Res. 54:6297-6591, 1994.
 
81) Jackson D, Volpert OV, Bouck N, et al:Stimulation and inhibition of angiogenesis by placenta proliferin and proliferin-related protein. Science 266:1581-1584, 1994.
PubMed
82) Brouty-Boye D, Zetter BR:Inhibition of cell motility by interferon. Science 208:516-518, 1980.
PubMed
83) Sidky Y, Borden E:Inhibition of angiogenesis by interferons:effects on tumor-and lymphocyte-induced vascular responses. Cancer Res. 47:5155-5161, 1987.
PubMed
84) White C, Sondheimer HM, Crouch EC, et al:Treatment of pulmonary hemangiomatosis with recombinant interferon alpha 2 a. N Engl. J. Med. 320:1197-1200, 1989.
 
85) Folkman J:Successful treatment of an angiogenic disease. N. Engl. J Med. 320:1211-1212, 1989.
PubMed
86) Maione TE, Gray GS, Hunt AJ, et al:Inhibition of tumor growth in mice by an analogue of Platelet factor 4 that lacks affinity for heparin and retains protent angiostatic activity. Cancer Res. 51:2077-2083, 1990.
 
87) Ingber D, Fujita T, Kishimoto S, et al:Synthetic analogues of fumagillin that inhibit angiogenesis and suppress tumor growth. Nature 348:555-557, 1990.
PubMed
88) Kusaka M, Sudo K, Fujita T, et al:Potent anti-angiogenic actin of AGM-1470:comparison to the fumagillin parent. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 174:1070-1076, 1991.
 
89) Tanaka NG, Sakamoto N, Inoue K, et al:Antitumor effects of an antiangiogenic polyaccharide from an arthrobacter species with or without steroid. Cancer Res. 49:6727-6730, 1989,
PubMed
90) Fotsis T, Pepper M, Adlercreutz H, et al:Genistein, a dietary-derived inhibitor of in vitro angiogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:2690-2694, 1993.
PubMed
91) Sa G, Fox PL:Basic fibroblast growth factor-stimulated endothelial cell movement is mediated by a pertusi toxin-sensitive pathway regulating phospholipase A 2 activity. J. Biol. Chem. 269:3219-3225, 1994.
 
92) Danesi R, Del Bianchi S, Soldani P, et al:Suramin inhibits bFGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantonic membrane. Br. J. Cancer 68:932-938, 1993.
 
93) Folkman J:Angiogenesis in cancer, vascular, rhematoid and other disease. Nature Med. 1:27-31, 1995.
 
94) Kerbel RS:Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis as a strategy to circumvent acquired resistance to anti-cancer therapeutic agents. Bioessays 13:31-36, 1991.
 
95) Teicher BA, Sotomayor EA, Huang ZD:Antiangiogenic agents potentiate cytotoxic cancer therapies against primary and metastatic diseases. Cancer Res. 52:6702-6704, 1992.
PubMed
96) Rastinejad F, polverini PJ, Bouck NP:Regulation of the activity of a new inhibitor of angiogenesis by a cancer suppresor gene. Cell 56:345-355, 1989.
 
97) Dameron KM, Volpert OV, Tainsky MA, et al:Control of angiogenesis in fibroblasts by p 53 regulation of thrombospondin-1. Science 265:1582-1584, 1994.
 

13. 疫学

P.226 掲載の参考文献
1) Parkin DM, Muir CS, Whelan SL, et al (eds) :Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Vol. VI. IARC Scientific Publication No. 120, IARC, Lyon, 1992.
 
2) 花井 彩, 藤本伊三郎:日本のがん罹患率とその推移. がん・統計白書-罹患/死亡/予後-1993 (富永祐民, 青木國雄, 花井 彩・他編) , 篠原出版, 東京, 1993, pp. 107-144.
 
3) 花井 彩, 北川貴子, 松本 宏・他:1990年 (平成2年) 全国がん罹患数, 罹患率の推定. 地域がん登録の精度向上と活用に関する研究 平成6年度研究班報告書, (花井 彩編) , 1994, pp. 48-61.
 
4) 黒石哲生, 広瀬加緒瑠, 田島和雄・他:日本におけるがん死亡 (1950-1990) . がん・統計白書-罹患/死亡/予後-1993 (富永祐民, 青木國雄, 花井 彩・他編) , 篠原出版, 東京, 1993, pp. 1-105.
 
5) 厚生統計協会 (編) :国民衛生の動向. 臨時増刊 42(9) :48-61, 1995.
 
6) 津熊秀明, 北川貴子, 田中明夫・他:1975-89年の全国罹患率に基づく将来推計. 地域がん登録の精度向上と活用に関する研究 平成6年度研究班報告書, (花井 彩編) , 1994, pp. 72-83.
 
7) 津熊秀明, 村上良介, 花井 彩・他:わが国における大腸癌の疫学. 外科 57:1-7, 1995.
 
8) 津熊秀明, 花井 彩, 北川貴子・他:乳がん罹患の動向. CRC 2:618-625, 1993.
 
9) Shimizu H, Mack TM, Ross RK, et al:Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract among Japanese and white immigrants in Los Angeles County. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 78:223-228, 1987.
 
10) 藤本伊三郎, 花井 彩, 日山與彦・他 (編) :大阪府におけるがんの罹患と死亡 1963-1989. 篠原出版, 東京, 1993.
 
11) Fraumeni Jr JF, Devesa SS, Hoover RN, et al:Epidemiology of Cancer. Cancer, Principles & Practice of Oncology (edited by DeVita Jr VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg ST) , 4th Ed, Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 150-181.
 
12) Higgison J, Muir CS, Munoz N:Human Cancer:Epidemiology and Environmental Causes. Cambridge Monographs on Cancer Research. Cambridge University Press, New York, 1992.
 
13) 花井 彩, 北川貴子, 津熊秀明・他:日本の全がんの罹患と予後の動向. CRC 2:823-834, 1993.
 
14) Hennekens CH, Buring JE:Epidemiology in Medicine. Little, Brown, Boston, 1987.
 
15) Rothman KJ:Modern Epidemiology. Little, Brown, Boston, 1986.
 
16) Monson RR:Occupational Epidemiology. CRC Press, Florida, 1980, pp. 93-103.
 

14. がんの予防

P.236 掲載の参考文献
1) Sporn MB, Dunlop NM, Newton DL, et al:Prevention of chemical carcinogenesis by vitamin A and its synthetic analogs (retinoids) . Fed Proc. 35:1332-1338, 1976.
PubMed
2) Hong WK, Lippman SM, Itri LM, et al:Prevention of second primary tumors with isotretinoin in squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N. Engl. J. Med. 323:795-801, 1990.
PubMed
3) Thun MJ, Namboodiri MM, Heath Jr CW:Aspirin use and reduced risk of fetal colon cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 325:1593-1596, 1991.
 
4) 厚生省大臣官房統計情報部:人口動態統計, 厚生省, 東京, 1991.
 
5) Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR, et al:Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development. N. Engl. J. Med. 319:525-532, 1988.
PubMed
6) Slaughter DP, Southwick HW, Smejkal W:"Field cancerization" in oral stratified squamous epithelium. Cancer. 6:963-968, 1953.
PubMed
7) Lee JS, Lippman SM, Hong WK:Chemoprevention of aerodigestive tract carcinogenesis. In 'Proceedings of the 7th Yousong Symposium Molecular & Cell Biology of Cancer' (edited by Son K-S and Han M-H) , Yousong, Korea, 1993, pp 106-111.
 
8) Hanai A, Kozono S, Fujimoto I:An estimate of cancer prevalence in Japan as of January 1, 1990. Jpn. J. Cancer Clin. 38:419-427, 1992.
 
9) Wattenberg LW, Leong JL:Inhibition of the carcinogenic action of benzo (a) pyrene by flabones. Cancer Res. 30:1922-1925, 1970.
PubMed
10) Troll W, Klassen A, Janoff A:Tumorigenesis in mouse skin:inhibition by synthetic inhibitors of proteases. Science 169:1211-1213, 1970.
PubMed
11) Sharma S, Stutzman JD, Kelloff GJ, et al:Screening of potential chemopreventive agents using biochemical markers of carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 54:5848-5855, 1994.
PubMed
12) Arnold JT, Wilkinson BP, Sharma S, et al:Evaluation of chemopreventive agents in different mechanistic classes using a rat tracheal epithelial cell culture transformation assay. Cancer Res. 55:537-543, 1995.
PubMed
13) Boone CW, Steele VE, Kelloff GJ:Screening for chemopreventive (anticarcinogenic) compounds in rodents. Mutat. Res. 267:251-255, 1992.
PubMed
14) Steele VE, Moon RC, Lubet CJ, et al:Preclinical efficacy evaluation of potential chemopreventive agents in animal carcinogenesis models:methods and results from the NCI chemopreventive drug development program. J. Cell. Biochem. 20suppl:32-54, 1994.
 
15) Yuspa SH:The pathogenesis of squamous cell cancer:lesson learned from studies of skin carcinogenesis-thirty-third G. H. A. Clowes Memorial Award lecture. Cancer Res. 54:1178-1189, 1994.
 
16) Muto Y, Ninomiya M, Fujiki H:Present status of research on cancer chemoprevention in Japan. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 20:219-223, 1990.
PubMed
17) Fujiki H, Suganuma M, Yoshizawa S, et al:Sarcophytol A and (-) -epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) , nontoxic inhibitors of cancer development. In Cancer Chemoprevention (edited by Wattenberg LW, Lipkin M, Boone CW and Kelloff GJ) , CRC, Boca Raton, 1992, pp. 393-405.
 
18) Komori A, Suganuma M, Okabe S, et al:Canventol inhibits tumor promotion in CD-1 mouse skin through inhibition of tumor necrosis factor α release and of protein isoprenylation. Cancer Res. 53:3462-3464, 1993.
 
19) Kelloff GJ, Boone CW, Malone WF, et al:Chemoprevention clinical trials. Mutat. Res. 267:291-295, 1992.
PubMed
20) Muto Y:In ' Proceedings of the 3rd joint conference of the American Association for Cancer Research and the Japanese Cancer Association' (edited by Wattenberg LW and Terada M) , Maui, U. S. A, 1995.
 
21) The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group:The effect of Vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. N. Engl. J. Med. 330:1029-1035, 1994.
 
22) Komori A, Yatsunami J, Suganuma M, et al:Tumor necrosis factor acts as a tumor promoter in BALB/3T3 cell transformation. Cancer Res. 53:1982-1985, 1993.
PubMed
23) Yoshizawa S, Horiuchi T, Fujiki H, et al:Antitumor promoting activity of (-) -epigallocatechin gallate, the main constituent of"tannin"in green tea. Phytother. Res. 1:44-47, 1987.
 
24) Yamane T, Takahashi T, Kuwata K, et al:Inhibition of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced carcinogenesis by (-) -epigallocatechin gallate in rat glandular stomach. Cancer Res. 55:2081-2084, 1995.
 
25) Yamane T, Hagiwara N, Tateishi M, et al:Inhibition of azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in rat by green tea polyphenol fraction. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 82:1336-1339, 1991.
PubMed
26) Narisawa T, Fukaura Y:A very low dose of green tea polyphenols in drinking water prevents N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced colon carcinogenesis in F 344 rats. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:1007-1009, 1993.
 
27) Nishida H, Omori M, Fukutomi Y, et al:Inhibitory effects of (-) -epigallocatechin gallate on spontaneous hepatoma in C 3 H/HeNCrj mice and human hepatoma-derived PLC/PRF/5 cells. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 85:221-225, 1994.
 
28) 武藤泰敏:厚生省がん研究助成金による研究報告集, 厚生省, 東京, 1990, pp. 88-98.
 
29) Conney AH, Wang ZY, Huang MT, et al:Inhibitory effect of oral administration of green tea on tumorigenesis by ultraviolet light, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and N-nitroso-diethylamine in mice. In Cancer Chemoprevention (edited by Wattenberg LW, Lipkin M, Boone CW, et al.) , CRC, Boca Roton, 1992, pp 361-373.
 
30) Xu Y, Ho C-T, Arnin SG, et al:Inhibition of tobacco-specific nitrosoamine-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice by green tea and its major polyphenol as antioxidantes. Cancer Res. 52:3875-3879, 1992.
 
31) 今井一枝, 中地 敬:第53回日本癌学会抄録, 名古屋, 1994, p128.
 

15. 悪性腫瘍の外科療法

P.248 掲載の参考文献
1) 梶谷 銀:消化管癌における根治手術の原則. 日外会誌82:940-943, 1981.
 
2) 中島聰線:手術療法. 新外科学大系 10B, 腫瘍の外科II, 中山書店, 東京, 1988, pp. 3-28.
 
3) Crile GJ, Cooperman A, Esselstyn C, et al:Results of partical mastectomy in 173 patients followed for from five to ten years. Surg. Gynecol. Obstetr. 150:563, 1975.
 
4) 高橋 孝, 森 武生, 高橋慶一・他:外科最新の治療 直腸癌, 直腸癌に対する自律神経温存術式. 外科治療61:520-525, 1989.
 
5) 小柳泰久, 馬島 亨, 木村幸三郎:自律神経温存直腸癌手術;適応と方法. 消化器外科17:291-298, 1994.
 
6) 吉野肇一, 松井英男, 平畑 忍・他:早期胃癌に対する縮小手術の妥当性とその実際. 外科治療64:305-310, 1991.
 
7) 中島聰総, 石原 省, 太田恵一朗・他:神経温存を考慮した早期胃癌の縮小手術. 図説臨床「癌」シリーズ, No 14, 「胃癌」(高山省三, 西 満正・編) メヂカルビュー社, 東京, 1993, pp. 97-101.
 
8) 西 満正:癌の早期診断と治療法の選択, 癌の機能保存療法. nano GIGA 2:387-391, 1993.
 
9) 槙 哲夫・他:胃良性疾患に対する胃切除法についての検討. 外科治療13:505, 1965.
 
10) 白鳥常男・他:術後愁訴から見た従来の胃切除術に対する批判. 外科治療24:666, 1971.
 
11) 大内明夫, 溝井賢幸, 後藤慎二・他:早期胃癌に対する R2 リンパ節郭清を伴った幽門保存胃切除術. 外科52:815-820, 1990.
 
12) 川口智義, 網野勝久, 松本誠一・他:悪性骨軟部腫瘍の患肢温存手術. 整災外30:1339-1351, 1987.
 
13) 厚生省保険医療局疾病対策課:数字でみるがん '90, 第5次悪性新生物実態調査報告, 総合医学社, 東京, 1990.
 
14) 胃癌研究会:胃癌取扱い規約第12版, 金原出版, 東京, 1993.
 
15) 日本癌治療学会:日本癌治療学会・ 生存率算出規約, 金原出版, 東京, 1985.
 
16) 富永祐民:治療効果判定のための実用統計学, 蟹書房, 東京, 1991.
 
17) 中島聰線, 太田恵一朗, 石原 省・他:生存に及ぼす胃癌予後要因の多変量解析. 癌と化療21:1768-1774, 1994.
 
18) 中島聰線:胃癌10, 000例の表解析. 癌と化療21:1813-1897, 1994.
 
19) Shipper H, Clinch J, McMurray A, et al:Measuring the quality of life of cancer patients:the Functional Living Index:development and validation., J. Clin. Oncol. 2:472-483, 1984.
 
20) Aaronson NK, Bullinger M, Ahmedzai S:A modular approach to Quality-of-Life assessment in cancer clinical trials. Recent Results. Cancer Res. 111:231-249, 1988.
PubMed
21) Feldstein ML:Quality-of-life-adjusted survival for comparing cancer treatments. Cancer 67:851-854, 1991.
PubMed
22) 江口研二, 栗原 稔, 下妻晃二郎・他:がん薬物療法におけるQOL調査表. 日癌治療会誌28:1140-1144, 1993.
 
23) 栗原 稔, 中村浩之, 松川正明・他:がん薬物療法におけるQOL調査表による評価. 癌と化療21:379-387, 1994.
 
24) 佐藤 正:世界外科学史年表, 医学を学ぶ人のために. 考古堂書店, 新潟, 1986.
 
25) Lyons AS, Petrucelli II RJ:Medicine:An illustrated history Abradale Press, New York, 1987.
 
26) 永井 勲:新しい手術材料-特徴と使い方, 不織布. 臨外45:333-340, 1990.
 
27) 加藤絋之, 児嶋哲文, 下沢英二・他:新しい手術材料-特徴と使い方, カテーテル. 臨外45:299-305, 1990.
 
28) 松田武久, 中島伸之:新しい手術材料-特徴と使い方, 接着剤. 臨外45:313-320, 1990.
 
29) 小林寛伊:新しい手術材料-特徴と使い方, 縫合糸. 臨外45:321-332, 1990.
 
30) 中村光司, 羽生富士夫, 吉川達也・他:新しい手術材料-特徴と使い方, ドレーン. 臨外45:291-298, 1990.
 
31) 中村紀夫:新しい手術材料-特徴と使い方, 局所止血剤. 臨外45:307-312, 1990.
 
32) 中山隆市:消化管器械吻合の諸問題. 手術38:765-775, 1984.
 
33) 宮本幸男, 泉雄 勝, 東郷庸史・他:噴門側胃切除術における器械吻合 食道胃管端側吻合. 手術38:799-806, 1984.
 
34) 中山隆市:新しい手術手段-自動吻合器, 自動縫合器. 新外科学大系 (中山書店, 東京, 1992) , 243-279.
 
35) 渡辺五朗, 鶴丸昌彦, 小野由雅・他:食道離断術における器械吻合の問題点. 手術38:785-791, 1984.
 
36) 片岡 誠, 藤井 康, 正岡 昭:胃全摘術における器械吻合. 手術38:793-798, 1984.
 
37) 唐牛 忍, 森田隆幸, 藤田正弘・他:直腸癌低位前方切除術における器械吻合. 手術38:807-813, 1984.
 
38) Davis C:A history of endoscopic surgery. Surg. Laparosc. Endosc. 2:16, 1992.
 
39) 出月康夫, 窪田敬一:腹腔鏡下手術の歴史. 小児外科26:925-928, 1994.
 
40) 山川達郎, 酒井 滋, 石川泰郎・他:腹腔鏡下胆嚢摘出術の手技. 臨外45:1255-1259, 1990.
 
41) 大上正裕, 熊井浩一郎, 若林 剛・他:早期胃癌に対する新しい治療法. Lesion lifting 法による腹腔鏡下胃局所切除術. 胃と腸28:1461-1468, 1993.
 
42) Matsuda M, Nishiyama M, Hanai T, et al:Laparoscopic omental patch repair for perforated peptic ulcer. Ann. Surg. 221:236-240, 1995.
PubMed
43) Jacobs M, Verdeja J, Goldstein H:Minimally invasive colon resection (laparoscopic colectomy) . Surg. Laparoscop. Endoscop. 1:144-150, 1991.
 
44) Phillips E, Daykhovsky L, Carroll B, et al:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy:instrumentation and technique. J. Laparoendoscopic Surg. 1:3-15, 1990.
 
45) Phipps J, Monaghan J:Laparoscopic hysterectomy and cancer. Surg. Oncol. 2:67-72, 1993.
PubMed
46) 牧野春彦, 梨本 篤, 松原 要・他:A領域早期胃癌に対する迷走神経および左半大網温存術式の可能性. 新潟医師会誌108:674-680, 1994.
 
47) Douglass Jr HO : Western surgical adjuvant trials in gastric cancer:lessons from current trials to be applied to the future. in "Gastric Cancer" (ed. by Douglass, J. H. O.), Churchill Livingstone, Ney York, 1988, pp.145-172.
 
48) Nakajima T, Nishi M:Adjuvant chemotherapy, immunochemotherapy, and neoadjuvant therapy for gastric cancer in Japan. in"Gastric Cancer"(ed. by Douglass Jr HO) , Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1988, pp. 125-143.
 
49) Hermans J, Bonenkamp JJ, Boon MC, et al:Adjuvant Therapy After Curative Resection for Gastric Cancer:Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1441-1447, 1993.
PubMed
50) 中島聰總, 太田惠一朗, 石原 省・他:Meta-analysisによる胃癌術後補助化学療法の再評価. 癌と化療21:1800-1805, 1994.
 
51) Starzl T, Todo S, Tzakis A, et al:Abdominal organ cluster transplantation for the treatment of upper abdominal malignancies. Ann. Surg. 210:374-386, 1989.
PubMed
52) Alessiani M, Tzakis A, Todo S, et al:Assessment of five-year experience with abdominal organ cluster transplantation. J. Amer. Coll. Surg. 180:1-9, 1995.
 
53) Browman GP, Levine MN, Mohide EA, et al:The practice guidelines development cycle:A conceptual tool for practice guidelines development and implementation. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:502-512, 1995.
PubMed

16. 放射線療法

P.261 掲載の参考文献
1) Fowler JF:What next in fractionated radiotherapy? Br. J. Cancer 49 Suppl:285-300, 1984.
 
2) Hall EJ:Radiobiology for the radiologist. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1994, pp. 224-225.
 
3) Withers HR, Taylor JMG, Maciejewski B:The hazard of accelerated tumor clonogen repopulation during radiotherapy. Acta. Oncol. 27:131-146, 1988.
 
4) Peters LJ, Ang KK, Thames HD:Accelerated fractionation in the radiation treatment of head and neck cancer:A critical comparison of different strategies. Acta. Oncol. 27:185-194, 1988.
PubMed
5) Horiot JC, Fur RL, N' Guyen T, et al:Hyperfractionation versus conventional fractionation in oropharyngeal carcinoma:final analysis of a randomized trial of the EORTC cooperative group of radiotherapy. Radiother. Oncol. 25:231-241, 1992.
 
6) Datta NR, Choudhry AD, Gupta S, et al:Twice a day versus once a day radiation therapy in head and neck cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 17:132(abst) , 1989.
 
7) Pinto LHJ, Canary PCV, Araujo CMM, et al:Prospective randomized trial comparing hyperfractionated versus conventional radiotherapy in Stages III and IV oropharyngeal carcinoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 21:557-562, 1991.
 
8) Marcial V, Pajak T, Chang C, et al:Hyperfractionationed photon radiation therapy in the treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, pharynx, and sinuses, using radiation therapy as the only planned modality. Preliminary report by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) . Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 13:41-47, 1987.
PubMed
9) Schmidt-Ullrich RK, Johnson CR, Wazer DE, et al:Accelerated superfractionated irradiation for advanced carcinoma of the head and neck:concomitant boost technique. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 21:563-568, 1991.
PubMed
10) EORTC Cooperative Group of Radiotherapy:Early results of the EORTC randomized clinical trial on multiple fractions per day (MFD) and misonidazole in advanced head and neck cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 12:587-591, 1986
 
11) Dillman RO, Seagren SL, Propert KJ, et al:A randomized trial of induction chemotherapy plus high-dose radiation versus radiation alone in stage III non-small cell lung cancer. N. Eng. J. Med. 323:940-945, 1990.
 
12) Arriagada R, Chevalier TL, Quoix E, et al:ASTRO Prenary:Effect of chemotherapy on localy advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma:A randomized study of 353 patients. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 20:1183-1190, 1991.
 
13) Mattson K, Holsti LR, Holsti P, et al:Inoperable non-small cell lung cancer:Radiation with or without chemotherapy. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 24:477-482, 1988.
PubMed
14) Mira JG, Miller TP, Crowley J:Chest irradiation (RT) vs. chemotherapy +/-Prophylactic Brain RT in localized non small cell lung cancer:A Southwest Oncology Group randomize study. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 19:145 (abst) , 1991.
 
15) Crino L, Latini P, Meacci M, et al:Induction chemotherapy plus high-dose radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in locally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. Ann. Oncol. 4:847-851, 1993.
PubMed
16) Morton RF, Jett JR, McGinnis WL, et al:Thoracic radiation therapy alone compared with combined chemoradiotherapy for locally unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. Ann. Intern. Med. 115:681-686, 1991.
PubMed
17) Trovo MG, Minatel E, Veronesi A, et al.:Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in locally advanced epidermoid bronchogenic carcinoma:A randomized study. Cancer 65:400-404, 1990.
PubMed
18) Schaake-Koning C, van den Bogaert W, Dalesio O, et al:Effects of concomitant cisplatin and radiotherapy on inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. N. Eng. J. Med. 326:524-530, 1992.
 
19) Trovo MG, Minatel E, Franchin G, et al:Radiotherapy versus radiotherapy enhanced by cisplatin in stage III non-small cell lung cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 24:11-15, 1992.
PubMed
20) Soresi E, Clerici M, Grilli R, et al:A randomized clinical trial comparing radiation therapy v radiation therapy plus cis-Dichlorodiammine plainum (II) in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Semin. Oncol. 15:20-25, 1988.
 
21) Johnson DH, Einhorn LH, Bartolucci A, et al:Thoracic radiotherapy dose not prolong survival in patients with locally advanced, unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. Ann. Intern. Med. 113:33-38, 1990.
PubMed
22) Araujo CMM, Souhami L, Gil RA, et al:A randomized trial comparing radiation therapy versus concomitant radiation therapy and chemotherapy in carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. Cancer 67:2258-2261, 1991.
 
23) Herskovic A, Martz K, Al-Sarraf M, et al:Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy compared with radiotherapy alone in patients with cancer of the esophagus. N. Engl. J. Med. 326:1593-1598, 1992.
PubMed
24) Earle JD, Gelber RD, Moertel CG, et al:A controlled evaluation of combined radiation and bleomycin therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 6:821-826, 1989.
 
25) Merlano M, Vitale V, Rosso R, et al:Treatment of advanced squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck with alternating chemotherapy and radiotherapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 327:1115-1121, 1992.
PubMed
26) Shields TW:Preoperative radiation therapy in the treatment of bronchial carcinoma. Cancer 30:1388-1393, 1972.
PubMed
27) A collaborative study:Preoperative irradiation of cancer of the lung:Final report of a therapeutic trial. Cancer 36:914-925, 1975.
PubMed
28) Arnott SJ, Duncan W, Kerr GR, et al:Low dose preoperative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus:results of a randomized clinical trial. Radiother. Oncol. 24:108-113, 1992.
PubMed
29) Gignoux M, Roussel A, Paillot B, et al:The value of preoperative radiotherapy in esophageal cancer:Results of a study of the EORTC World J. Surg. 11:426-432, 1987.
PubMed
30) Nygaard K, Hagen S, Hansen HS, et al:Pre-operative radiotherapy prolongs survival in operable esophageal carcinoma:A randomized, multicenter study of pre-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The second Scandinavian trial in esophageal cancer. World J. Surg. 16:1104-1110, 1992.
PubMed
31) Wang M, Gu X-Z, Yin W, et al:Randomized clinical trial on the combination of preoperative irradiation and surgery in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma:report on 206 patients. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 16:325-327, 1989
PubMed
32) Launois B, Delarue D, Campion JP, et al:Preoperative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 153:690-692, 1981.
PubMed
33) Stearns MW, Deddish MR, Quan SHQ, et al:Preoperative roentgen therapy for cancer of the rectum and rectosigmoid. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 138:584-586, 1974.
 
34) Roswit B, Higgins GA, Keehn RJ:Preoperative irradiation for carcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid colon:Report of a National Veterans Administration randomized study. Cancer 35:1597-1602, 1975.
PubMed
35) Higgins GA, Conn JH, Jordan PH, et al:Preoperative radiotherapy for colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 181:624-631, 1975
PubMed
36) Higgins GA, Humphrey EW, Dwight RW:Preoperative radiation and surgery for cancer of the rectum:Veterans Administration Surgical Oncology Group Trial II. Cancer 58:352-359, 1986.
PubMed
37) Gerard A, Berrod JL, Pene F, et al:Interim analysis of a phase III study on preoperative radiation therapy in resectable rectal carcinoma. Cancer 55:2373-2374, 1985.
PubMed
38) Stockholm Rectal Cancer Study Group:Preoperative short-term radiation therapy in operable rectal carcinoma. Cancer 66:49-55, 1990.
 
39) Fletcher GH:Subclinical disease. Cancer 53:1274-1284, 1984.
PubMed
40) Fletcher GH:Irradiation of subclinical disease in the draining lymphatics. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 10:939-942, 1984.
PubMed
41) Van Houtte P, Rocmans P, Smets P, et al:Postoperative radiation therapy in lung cancer:A controlled trial after resection of crative design. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 6:983-986, 1980.
 
42) The Lung Cancer Study Group:Effects of postoperative mediastinal radiation on completely resected stage II and stage III epidermoid cancer of the lung. N. Engl. J. Med. 315:1377-1381, 1986.
 
43) Teniere P, Hay J-M, Fingerhut A, et al:Postoperative radiation therapy dose not increase survival after resection for squamous cell carcinoma of the middle and lower esophagus as shown by a multicenter controlled trial. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 173:123-130, 1991.
 
44) Fok M, Sham JST, Choy D, et al:Postoperative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus:a prospective, randomized controlled study. Surgery, 113:138-147, 1993.
 
45) Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group:Prolongation of the disease free interval in surgically treated rectal carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 312:1465-1472, 1985.
 
46) Balslev I, Pedersen M, Teglbjaerg PS, et al:Postoperative radiotherapy in Dukes' Band C carcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid. Cancer 58:22-28, 1986.
 
47) Tupchong L, Scott CB, Blitzer PH, et al:Randomized study of preoperative versus postoperative radiation therapy in advanced head and neck carcinoma:Long-term follow-up of RTOG study 73-03. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 20:21-28, 1991.
PubMed
48) Pahlman L, Glimelius B:Pre-or postoperative radiotherapy in rectal and rectosigmoid carcinoma:Report from a randomized multicenter trial. Ann. Surg. 211:187-192, 1990.
 

17. Interventional Radiology

P.283 掲載の参考文献
1) Margulis AR:Interventional Diagnostic radiology-Asubspeciality. Am. J. Roentgenol 99:761-762, 1967.
 
2) Wallace S:Interventional radiology. Cancer 37:517-531, 1976.
PubMed
3) Martin HE, Ellis EB:Biopsy by needle and aspiration. Ann. Surg. 92:169-181, 1930.
PubMed
4) Lindblom K:Percutaneous puncture of renal cycts and tumors. Acta. Radiol. 27:66, 1946.
 
5) McFadzean AJS, Chang KPS, Wong CC:Solitary pyogenic abscess of liver treated by closed aspiration and antibiotics:A report of 14 consecutive cases with recovery. Br. J. Surg. 41:141, 1953.
 
6) Wiechel KL:Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogrophy:technique and application. Act. Chir. Scand. (Suppl) 330:1, 1964.
 
7) Dotter CT, Judkins MP:Transluminal treatment of arteriosclerotic obstruction. Description of a technique and a preliminary report of application. Circulation 30:654-670, 1964.
 
8) Collins J:Pharmacologic rationale for regional drug delivery. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:498-504, 1984.
PubMed
9) Lang EK:Superselective arterial catheterization as a vehicle for delivering radioactive infarct particles to tuomors. Radiology 98:391-399, 1974.
 
10) Yamada R, Sato M, Nakatsuka H, et al:Hepatic arterial embolization in 120 patients with unresectable hepatoma. Radiology 148:397-401, 1983.
PubMed
11) Nakamura H, Hashimoto T, Oi H, et al:Transcatheter oily chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma. Radiology 17:783-786, 1989.
PubMed
12) Nakamura H, Hashimoto T, Oi H, et al:Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by segmental hepatic artery injection of adriamycin in oil emulsion with overflow to segmental portal veins. Acta Radiol. 31:347-349, 1990.
PubMed
13) Uchida H, Ohishi H, Matsuo N, et al:Transcatheter hepatic segmental arterial embolization using Lipiodol mixed with anticancer drug and gelfoam particles for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cardiovas. Intervent Radiol. 13:140-145, 1990.
 
14) Uchida H, Matsuo N, Sakaguchi H, et al:Segmental embolotherapy for hepatic cancer:Keys to success. Cardiovas. Intervent. Radiol. 16:67-71, 1993.
 
15) 第9回全国原発性肝癌追跡調査報告 (1986-1987) , 日本肝癌研究会, 1990.
 
16) 西村幸洋, 打田日出夫, 郭 啓勇・他:肝細胞1075例に対する肝動脈塞栓術-特に累積生存率と3年以上生存9例からみた抗癌剤混入リピオドール併用の評価-. 日癌治26:2279-2289, 1991.
 
17) Ikeda K, Kumada H, Saitoh S, et al:Effect of repeated transcatheter arterial embolization of the survival time in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 68:2150-2154, 1991.
PubMed
18) Yamamoto K, Masuzawa M, Kato M, et al:Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transcatheter arterial embolization. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 31 (Suppl) :S77-S 81, 1992.
 
19) 高田恵二:原発性肝癌に対する経カテーテル治療の適応と選択に関する研究. 肝臓35:496-508, 1992.
 
20) 畑中義美, 山下康行, 荒川昭彦・他:1. 進行肝細胞癌に対するIVR (2) 切除不能肝細胞癌の肝動脈塞栓療法における予後因子. IVR 10:253-256, 1995.
 
21) Yodono H, Sasaki T, Tarusawa K, et al:Arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma using EPF and EAP therapies. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 31 (Suppl) :S89-S 92, 1992.
 
22) 高安幸生, 小竹正昌, 楢崎勝弘・他:1. 進行肝細胞癌に対するIVR (4) リザーバーによる動注化学療法IVR 10:263-267, 1995.
 
23) Patt YZ:Regional hepatic arterial chemotherapy for colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver:The controversy continues. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:815-819, 1991.
 
24) Begos DG, Ballantyne GH:Regional chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases:Thirty years without patient benefit. J. Surg. Oncol. 56:139-144, 1994.
PubMed
25) Kemeny N, Daly J, Reichman B, et al:Intrahepatic or systemic infusion of fluorodeoxyuridine in patients with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Ann. Int. Med. 107:459-465, 1987.
PubMed
26) Chang AE, Schneider PD, Sugarbaker PH, et al:A prospective randomized trial of regional versus systemic continuous 5 FU-fluorodeoxyuridine chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases. Ann. Surg. 206:685-693, 1987.
 
27) Hohn DC, Stagg RJ, Friedman MA, et al:A randomized trial of continuous intravenous versus hepatic intra-arterial floxuridine in patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver:The Northern California Oncology Group trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1646-1654, 1989.
 
28) Martin JK, O'Connel MJ, Wieand HS, et al:Intra-arterial floxuridine vs systemic fluorouracil for hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. Arch. Surg. 125:1022-1027, 1990.
 
29) 荒井保明:IVRにおける肝動注化学療法の基本手技. 臨床放射線12:1497-1508, 1993.
 
30) 荒井保明:II. 転移性肝癌に対する動注化学療法3. 血流改変術. IVR 8:42-46, 1993.
 
31) 荒井保明, 木戸長一郎, 有吉 寛:大腸癌肝転移の治療-間歌的大量5FU肝動注化学療法. カレントテラピー12:94-99, 1994.
 
32) Arai Y, Sone Y, Inaba Y, et al:Hepatic arterial infusion chemothrapy for liver metastases from breast cancer. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 33 (Suppl) :S 142-S 144, 1994.
 
33) 荒井保明, 富田和美, 大橋計彦・他:動注化学療法と QOL. 癌治療と宿主 6:267-272, 1994.
 
34) 荒井保明, 遠藤登喜子, 三宅康弘・他:転移性肝癌に対する動注化学療法をめぐる諸問題について. Oncologia 23:87-94, 1992
 
35) 荒井保明:大腸癌肝転移に対する動注化学療法の現況と研究戦略. 癌と化学療法 20:2467-2471, 1993.
Medical*Online
36) Seldinger SI:Catheter replacement of the needle in percutaneous arteriography. A new technique. Acta Radiol. 39:368-376, 1953.
PubMed
37) 荒井保明, 澤田 敏, 中島康雄・他:Non-vascular IVR-画像診断手技の治療への応用-(木戸長一郎 監修) . 癌と化学療法社, 東京, pp. 143-151, 1991.
 
38) 盧田 浩:IV膿瘍ドレナージ. 放射線医学大系特別巻1インターベンショナルラジオロジー (編集代表 田坂 晧) . 中山書店, 東京, pp. 288-299, 1986.
 
39) Wright KC, Wallace S, Charnsangavej C, et al:Percutaneous endovascular stents:an experimental evaluation. Radiology 156:69-72, 1985.
PubMed
40) Palmaz JC, Sibbitt PP, Reuter SR, et al:Expandable intraluminal graft:a preliminary study. Radiology 156:73-77, 1985
 
41) Rousseau H, Peul J, Joffre F, et al:Self-expanding endovascular prosthesis:an experimental study. Radiology 164:709-714, 1987.
 
42) Uchida BT, Putman JS, Rosch J:Modification of Giantruco wire stents. Am. J. Roentogenol. 150:185-187, 1988.
 
43) 前田宗宏, 玉田俊明, 幕谷士郎・ 他:消化管のステント. 画像診断 13:309-314, 1993.
 
44) 岸 和史, 光実 淳, 園村哲朗・他:門脈腫瘍栓に対するstent治療法の開発-dacron sheet covered self expandable metallic stentによる経皮経肝門脈形成術-. 日医放会誌 52:1192-1194, 1992.
 
45) Sawada S, Fujiwara Y, Koyama T, et al:Application of expandable metallic stent to the venous system. Acta Radiol. 33:156-159, 1992.
 
46) Frui S, Sawada S, Irie T, et al:Hepatic inferior vena obstruction;treatment of two types with Gianturco expandable metallic stents. Radiology 176:665-670, 1990.
 
47) 澤田 敏:ステントの機能とその適応. 映像情報 (M) 27:1159-1163, 1995.
 
48) 荒井保明:6-30 Interventional Radiology の手技を用いた治療法の有効性に関する研究. 厚生省がん研究助成金による研究報告集平成6年度, 国立がんセンター, 東京, pp. 459-463, 1994.
 
49) Sawada S, Tanigawa N, Kobayashi M, et al:Malignant tracheobronchial obstructive lesions:Treatment with Gianturco expandable metallic stents. Radiology 188:205-208, 1993.
PubMed
50) Maeda M, Timmermans HA, Uchida B, et al:In vitro comparison of the spiral Z stent and the Giantruco Z stent. JVIR 3:565-569, 1992.
 
51) Yoshioka T, Sakaguchi H, Yoshimura H, et al:Expandable metallic biliary endoprostheses:Preliminary clinical evaluation. Radiology 177:253-257, 1990.
PubMed
52) Coons H:Metallic stents for the treatment of biliary obstruction:A report of 100 cases. Cardiovas. Intervent. Radiol. 15:367-374, 1992.
 
53) Uchida H, Yoshioka T, Maeda M, et al:Use of original, modified, and spiral Z stents in the biliary system. Stents-state of the art and future development (edited by Liermann DD) , Polyscienc Publication Inc, pp. 202-207, 1995.
 
54) 齋藤博哉, 桜井康雄, 高邑明夫・他:メタリックステントによる悪性胆道狭窄の治療. 胆と膵 16:931-938, 1995.
Medical*Online
55) Cwikiel W:Esophageal nitinol stents:long-term results-state of the art and future development. (edited by Liermann DD) , Polyscienc Publication Inc, pp. 218-221, 1995.
 
56) Song HY, Choi KC, Kwon HC, et al:Esophageal strictures:treatment with a new design of amodified Giantruco stent. Radiology 184:729-734, 1992.
 
57) Schaer J, Katon RM, Ivancev K, et al:Treatment of malignant esophageal obstruction with silicone-coated metallic self-expanding stent. Gastrointest. Endosc. 38:7-11, 1992.
PubMed
58) 藤原義夫, 澤田 敏, 田辺芳雄・他:Metallic stent の気管, 食道, 尿道への応用-動物実験を中心として-. 臨床放射線35:557-562, 1990.
 
59) 青木貴徳齋藤博哉, 高邑明夫・他:悪性食道気管支瘻に対する Gore-Tex covered expandable metallic stent による治療Gastroenterol. Endosc. 37:827-832, 1995.
 
60) 冨田 優, 廣田省三, 松本真一・他:連結部を持たない両面被覆 covered stent の検討. IVR 10:381-384, 1995.
 
61) Watokinson A, EEllul J, Entwisle K, et al:Plastic covered metallic endoprostheses in the management of oesophageal perforation in patients with oesophageal carcinoma. Clin. Radiol. 50:304-309, 1995.
 
62) Knyrim K, Wagner HJ, Bethge N, et al:A controlled trial of an expansile metal stent for palliation of esophageal obstruction due to inoperable cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 329:1302-1307, 1993.
PubMed
63) 栗林幸夫, 大滝 誠, 岩田美郎・他:消化管出血. 画像診断別冊 11:111-125, 1992.
 
64) Toyoda H, Nakano S, Takeda I, et al:Transcatheter arterial embolization for massive bleeding from duodenal ulcers not controlled by endoscopic hemostasis. Endoscopy 27:304-307, 1995.
PubMed
65) 関 竜夫, 白土桃子:消化管出血に対するIVR (2) 腫瘍性出血. IVR 10:18, 1995.
 
66) 石川徹:Interventional radiology の歴史と展望. Non-vascular Interventional Radiology 手技と考え方 (石川 徹編) , 中外医学社, 東京, pp. 1-8, 1993.
 
67) Smith EH:Complications of percutaneous abdominal fine-needle biopsy. Radiology 128:253-258, 1991.
 
68) 中島康雄:3. 胸部 I. 生検 1. 経皮的穿刺-A. 肺. Non-vascular Interventional Radiology 手技と考え方 (石川 徹編) , 中外医学社, 東京, pp. 17-23, 1993.
 
69) 荒井保明:3. 胸部 I. 生検 1. 乳房および胸壁. Non-vascular Interventional Radiology 手技と考え方 (石川徹編) , 中外医学社, 東京, pp. 44-48, 1993.
 
70) 林信成:4. 腹部 1. 生検 1. 腫瘤. Non-vascular Interventional Radiology 手技と考え方 (石川 徹編) , 中外医学社, 東京, pp. 72-79, 1993.
 
71) Ebara M, Ohto M, Sugiura N, et al:Percutaneous ethanol injection for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma. Study of 95 patients. Gastroenter. Hepatol. 5:616-626, 1990.
 
72) Honda N, Guo Q, Uchida H, et al:Percutaneous hot saline injection therapy for hepatic tumors:An alternative to percutaneous ethanol injection therapy. Radiology 190:63-57, 1994.
 
73) Dedrick CG, Olson RR, Athanasoulis CA:Transcatheter embolization of the spleen. Interventional Radiology (eddited by Athanasoulis CA, Pfister RC, Greene RE, Roberson GH) , W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 223-227, 1982.
 
74) Nakao N, Miura K, Takahashi H, et al:Hepatocellular carcinoma:combined hepatic, arterial, and portal venous embolization. Radiology 161:303-307, 1986.
PubMed
75) Rosch J, Uchida BT, Putnam JS:Experimental intrahepatic portacaval anastomosis:Use of expandable Gianturco stents. Radiology 162:481, 1987.
PubMed
76) 吉川公彦, 打田日出夫, 坂口 浩・他:TIPS最新レビュー;門脈圧亢進症, 食道・胃静脈瘤治療における TIPS の位置付け. 日医放会誌 54:22-24, 1994.
 

18. がん化学療法

P.325 掲載の参考文献
1) Marshall EK Jr:Historical perspectives in chemotherapy. In eds. dy Goldin A, Howking 1 F, Advances in chemotherapy Vol. 1, New York Academic Press, pp. 1-8, 1964.
 
2) De Vita VT Jr:Principles of chemotherapy in De Vita V T Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA. Cancer:Principles and Practice of Oncology. 4th Edition J B, Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, pp. 276-292, 1993.
 
3) 西條長宏:癌化学療法の変貌. 鶴尾 隆, 西條長宏編. Current review:癌化学療法93-94, 中外医学社, 東京, pp. 4-10, 1993
 
4) 西條長宏:進歩する化学療法. 末舛恵一, 西條長宏編. 図説臨床「癌」シリーズ 癌化学療法の進歩 (新版) , メジカルビュー社, 東京, pp. 6-11, 1993.
 
5) 西條長宏:癌の分子治療の展開. 西條長宏編, 医薬ジャーナル社, 大阪, pp. 9-28, 1995.
 
6) 石田智之, 西條長宏:抗癌剤における薬物動態および薬剤耐性の最新情報先端医療 12:77-79, 1995.
 
7) 石田智之, 西條長宏:新しい抗癌剤の動向. 医学と薬学 32:407-414, 1994.
Medical*Online
8) WHO Handbook for reporting results of cancer treatment. WHO, Geneva, 1979.
 
9) Grading of toxicity:In Manual of Oncologic Therapeutics 1991/1992, ed. by Wittes WE, Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp. 448-455, 1991.
 
10) Grilli R, Oxman AD, Julian JA:Chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer:how much benefit is enough?. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1866-1872, 1993.
PubMed
11) Pass HL, Pogrebniak HW, Steinberg SM, et al:Randomized trial of neoadjuvant therapy or lung cancer:interim analysis. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 53:922-998, 1992.
 
12) Martini N, Kris MG, Flehinger BJ, et al:Preoperative chemotherapy for stage IIIA (N2) lung cancer:The Sloan-Kettering experience with 136 patients. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 55:1365-1374, 1993.
PubMed
13) Goldie JH, Coldman AJ:Role of mathematical modeling in protcol for mutation in cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63:1041-1045, 1985.
 
14) Nathanson L, Hall TC, Schilling AC, et al:Concurrent combination chemotherapy of human solid tumors:Experience with three-drug regimen and review of the literature. Cancer Res. 29:419-425, 1969.
 
15) Potter VR:Sequential blocking of metabolic pathways in vivo. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 76:41-46, 1951.
PubMed
16) Elion GB, Singer S, Hitchings GH, et al:Antagonists of nucleic acid derivatives:VIII. Synergism in combinations of biochemically related antimatabolites. J. Biol. Chem. 208:477-488, 1954.
PubMed
17) Sartorelli AC:Approaches to the combination chemotherapy of transplantable neoplasms. Prog. Ext. Tumor Res. 6:228-288, 1965.
 
18) De Vita VT, Schein PS:The use of drugs in combination for the treatment of cancer:Rationale and results. N Engl. J. Med. 288:988-1006, 1973.
 
19) Freireich EJ, Karon M, Frei E:Quadruple combined chemotherapy (VAMP) for acute lymphocytic leukemia in children. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 5:20, 1964.
 
20) Pinke D, Hermoulex K, Borella L, et al:Drug dosage and remission duration in childhood lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer 27:247-256, 1971.
 
21) De Vita VT Jr, Serpick AA, Carbone PP:Combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced Hodgikin's disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 73:881-895, 1970.
 
22) Campbell L, Souza LM, Morstyn G, et al:Effect of granulocyte colony stimulating factor on neutropenia induced by cytotoxin chemotherapy. Lancet 1:667-672, 1988.
 
23) Antman KS, Griffin JD, Karen S, et al:Effect of recombinant human granulocyte-nacrophage colony-stimulating factor on chemotherapy induced myelosuppression. N Engl. J. Med. 318:24) 593-598, 1988.
 
24) Gabrilove J, Jakubowski A, Howard S, et al:Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor reduces neutropenia and associated morbiduty of chemotherapy for transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium. N. Engl. J. Med. 318:1414-1422, 1988.
 
25) John AT, Douglas JL, Pamela K, et al:Subcutaneous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with myelodysplagia syndrome:Toxicity, pharmacokinetics and hematological effects. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:629-637, 1989.
 
26) Champlin RE, Nimer SD, Irekand P, et al:Treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Blood 73:694-699, 1989.
 
27) Hesketh PJ, Gandara DR:Serotonin antagonists:a new class of antiemetic agents. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:613-620, 1991
PubMed
28) Currow DC, Noble PC, Cooney NJ, et al:The clinical use of ondansetron:New-South Wales Therapeutic Assessment Group. Med. J. Aust. 162:145-149, 1995.
 
29) Van Belle S, Bleiberg H, Canon JL, et al:Optimal combination therapy with tropisetron in 445 patients with subtotal control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and emesis. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:430, 1994.
 
30) Johnsonbaugh RE, Mason BA, Friedman CJ, et al:Oral granisetron is an effective anti-emetic in patients receiving moderatory emetogenic chemotherapy. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol 13:437, 1994.
 
31) Rittenberg CN, Gralla RJ, Lettow LA, et al:New approaches in preventing delayed emesis:Altering the time of regimen initiation and use of combination therapy in a 109 patients trial. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:526, 1995.
 
32) Latreille J, Johnston D, Stewart D, et al:Preventing nausea and vomiting during days 2-7 following high dose cisplatin chemotherapy (HDCP) . A study by the National Institute of Canada Clinical Trial Group (NCIC CTG) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:529, 1995.
 
33) Jones AL, Lee GJ, Bosanquet N, et al:The budgetary impact of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in the management of chemotherapy-induced emesis. Eur. J. Cancer 29A:51-56, 1993.
 
34) De Vita VT Jr:Dose response is alive and well. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1157-1159, 1986.
 
35) Elliott JA, Ahmedzai S, Holes D, et al:Vindesine and cisplatin combination chemotherapy compared with vindesine as a single agent in the management of non-small cell lung cancer:A randomized trial. Eur. J. Cancer 20:1025-1032, 1984
 
36) Einhorn LH, Loehrer PJ, Williams SD, et al:Random prospective study of vindesine versus vindesine plus high dose cisplatin versus vindesine plus mitomycin C in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1037-1043, 1986.
PubMed
37) Rosso R, Salvati F, Curcio CG, et al:Etoposide+cisplatin in the treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 4:A124, Fifth World Conference on Lung Cancer, Interlaken, Switzerland, 1988 (abst) .
 
38) Klastersky J, Sculier Jp, Bureau G, et al:Cisplatin versus cisplatin plus etoposide in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1087-1092, 1989.
PubMed
39) Kawahara M, Furuse K, Kodama N, et al:A randomized study of cisplatin plus vindesine in non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung (submitted for publication) .
 
40) Veeder M, Jett J, Therneau T:Phase III trial of mitomycin-C, vindesine, cisplatin (MVP) versus mitomycin-C alone (M) for metastatic squamous cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 9:224, 1990.
 
41) Luedke DW, Einhorn L, Omura GA, et al:Randomized comparison of two combination regimens versus minimal chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer:A Southeastern Cancer Study Group trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:886-891, 1990.
 
42) 末舛恵一, 西條長宏:化学療法の進歩. 図説臨床[癌] シリーズno. 1メジカルビュー社, 東京, pp. 43) 79-84, 1993.
 
43) 大塚貞明, 馬場秀夫, 杉町圭蔵:感受性テスト. current review 癌化学療法1993-94 (鶴尾隆, 西條長宏, 編) . 中外医学社, 東京, pp. 103-109. 1993.
 
44) Weisenthal LM, Marsden JA, Dill PL, et al:A novel dye exclusion method for testing in vitro chemosinsitivity of human tumors. Cancer Res. 43:749-757, 1983.
PubMed
45) Funa K, Dawson N, Jewett PB, et al:Automated fluorescent analysis for drug-induced cytotoxicity assays. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:1147-1151, 1986.
PubMed
46) Bickis IJ, Henderson IWD, Quastel JH, et al:Biochemical studies of human tumors II. In vitro estimation of indvidual tumor sensitivity to anti-cancer agents. Cancer 19:103-113, 1966.
 
47) 東 弘, 伊藤英太郎, 森 武貞・他:制癌剤感受性テストの理論と実際-とくに核酸合成阻害を指標とする方法 (INSA法) について. 綜合臨床20:1360-1367, 1971.
 
48) 東 弘:癌化学療法の問題点-制癌剤感受性試験 (INAS法の臨床経験) . 癌の臨床25:761-764, 1979.
 
49) 近藤達平:制癌剤の適応-感受性試験. 最新医学19:2304-2311, 1964.
 
50) 市橋秀仁, 津荷龍生, 近藤達平・他:ATPを指標とする制癌剤感受性試験. 日本癌治誌22:1090, 1987.
 
51) Rotman B, Papermaster BW:Membrane properties of living mammalian cells as studied by enzymatic hydrolysis of fluorogenic esters. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 55:134-141, 1966.
PubMed
52) 近藤達平, 松岡邦彦・他:APD法と制癌剤の適応. 最新医学25:2014-2016, 1970.
 
53) Skehan P, Storeng R, Scudiero O, et al:New colorimetric cytotoxicity assay for anticancer-drug screening. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:1107-1112, 1990.
 
54) Hamburger A, Salmon SE:Primary bioassay of human stem cells. Science 197:461-463, 1977.
PubMed
55) Tanigawa N, Kern DH, Hikasa Y, et al:Rapid assay for evaluating the chemosensitivity of human tumors in soft agar culture. Cancer Res. 42:2159-2164, 1982.
PubMed
56) Kern DH, Drogemuller CR, Kennedy MC, et al:Development of a miniaturized. improved nucleic acid precursor incorporation assay for chemosensitivity testing of human solid tumor. Cancer Res. 45:5436-5441, 1985.
PubMed
57) Freeman AE, Hoffman RM:In vivo-like growth of human tumors in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:2694-2698, 1986
PubMed
58) Vescio RA, Redfern CH, Nelson TJ, et al:In vivo-like drug response of human tumors growing in three-dimensional gel-supported primary culture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:5029-5033, 1987.
PubMed
59) Perrapato SD, Slocum HK, Huben RP, et al:Assessment of human genitourinary tumors and chemosensitivity testing in 3-dimensional collagen gel culture. J. Urol. 143:1041-1045, 1990.
PubMed
60) Rygaard J, Povlsen CO:Heterotransplantation of a human malignant tumor to "Nude" mice. Acta. Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 77:758-760, 1969.
PubMed
61) 藤田昌英, 大嶋一徳, 薄金真雄・他:ヌードマウス移植-消化器癌および乳癌株の特徴-とくにそのCEA産生性と抗癌剤感受性について. 日外会誌83:457-467, 1982.
 
62) Bogden AE:A rapid screening method for testing chemotherapeutic agents against human tumor xenografts. Symposium on the Use of Athymic (nude) mice in Cancer Research, Gustav Fischer Inc, New York, pp. 231-250, 1978.
 
63) Bogden AE, Haskell PM, LePage DJ:Growth of human tumor xenografts implanted under the renal capsule of normal immunocompetent mice. Expl. Cell Biol. 47:281-293, 1979.
 
64) Bogden AE, Cobb WR, LePage DJ:Chemotherapy responsiveness of human tumor as first transplant generation xenografts in the normal mouse:Six-day subrenal capsule assay. Cancer 48:10-20, 1981.
PubMed
65) Edelstein MB, Fiebig HH, Smink T, et al:Comparison between macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of tumor responsiveness using the subrenal capsule assay. Eur. J, Cancer Clin. Oncol. 19:995-1009, 1983.
 
66) Levi FA, Blum JP, Lemaigre G, et al:A four-day subrenal capsule assay for testing the effectiveness of anticancer drugs against human tumors. Cancer Res. 44:2660-2667, 1984.
PubMed
67) Aamdal S, Fodstad O, Pihl A:Human tumor xenografts transplanted under the renal capsule of conventional mouse:Growth rates and host immune response. Int. J. Cancer 34:725-730, 1984.
PubMed
68) Edelstein MB, Smink T, Ruiter DJ, et al:Improvements and limitations of the subrenal capsule assay for determining tumour sensitivity to cytostatic drugs. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 20:1549-1556, 1984.
PubMed
69) Fingert HJ, Treiman A, Pardee AB:Transplantation of human or rodent tumors into cyclosporine-treated mice:a feasible model for studies of tumor biology and chemotherapy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 81:7927-7931, 1984.
PubMed
70) Bosma GC, Custer RP, Bosma MJ, et al:A severe combined immunodeficiency mutation in the mouse. Nature 301:527-530, 1983.
PubMed
71) Rubinstein LV, Shoemaker RH, Paull KD, et al:Comparison of in vitro anticancer-drug-screening data generated with a tetrazolium assay versus a protein assay against a diverse panel of human tumor cell lines. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 82:1113-1118, 1990.
PubMed
72) Cole SPC, Bhardway G, Garlach JH, et al:Over expression of a transporter gene in a multi-drug resistant human lung cancer line. Science 258:1650-1654, 1992.
 
73) Niimi S, Nakagawa K, Saijo N:Relationship between sensitivity to anticancer agents and GSH content and GST activity. Jikei Med. J. 39:395-407, 1992.
 
74) Siemann DW, Beyers KL:In vivo therapeutic potential of combination thiol depletion and alkylating chemotherapy. Br. J. Cancer 68:1071-1079, 1993.
PubMed
75) Luz, Zhang R, Diasio RB:Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver:Population characteristics, newly identified deficient patients and clinical implication in 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Cancer Res. 53:5433-5438, 1993.
 
76) Niimi S, Nakagawa K, Sugimoto Y, et al:Mechanism of cross-resistance to a camptothecin analogue (CPT-11) in a human ovarian cell line selected by cisplatin. Cancer Res. 52:328-333, 1992.
 
77) Sugimoto Y, Ohe Y, Nishio K, et al:In vitro enhancement of fluoropyridine-induced cytotoxicity by leucovorin in colorectal and gastric carcinoma cell lines but not in non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines. Camcer Chemother. Pharmacol. 30:417-422, 1992.
 
78) Sugimoto Y, Ohe Y, Nishio K, et al:Mechanisms of collateral sensitivity of fluorouracil of acis-diaminedichloroplatinum (II) -resistant human non-small lung cancer cell line. Br. J. Cancer 65:857-864, 1992.
 
79) Calson P, Salles B:Role of DNA repair in the mechanisms of cell resistance to alkylating agents and cisplatin. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 32:85-89, 1993.
 
80) Fujiwara Y, Kasahara K, Sugimoto Y, et al:Detection of proteins that recognize platinum-modified DNA using gel mobility shift assay. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 81:1210-1213, 1990.
PubMed
81) Kubo S, Matsunami M, Arioka H, et al:Participation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in the drug sensitivity in human lung cancer cell lines. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 118:244-248, 1992.
 
82) Nishio M, Nishio K, Arioka H, et al:Increase of HMG proteins in cis-DDP resistant cell lines. J. Cell Pharmacol. in press, 1994.
 
83) Arends MJ, McGregor AH, Toft NJ, et al:Susceptibility to apoptosis is differentially regulated by c-myc and mutated Ha-ras oncogenes and is associated with endonuclease availability. Br. J. Cancer 6S:1127-1133, 1993.
 
84) Niimi S, Nakagawa K, Yokota J, et al:Resistance to anticancer drugs in NIH 3 T 3 cells transfected with c-myc and/or c-H-ras genes. Br. J. Cancer 63:237-241, 1991.
PubMed
85) Brown R, Clugston C, Burns P, et al:Increased accumulatioll of P 53 protein in cisplatin resistant ovarian cell lines. Int. J. Cancer 55:678-84, 1993.
 
86) Vendrik CPJ, Bergers JJ, DeJong WH, et al:Resistance to cytostatic drugs at the cellular level. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 29:413-429, 1992.
 
87) Andoh T, Yasui Y, Koiwai O, et al:Molecular basis of resistance to CPT-11. a specific inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I. ed. by Miyazaki T, Takaku F and Sakurada K. The mechanism and new approach on drug resistance of cancer cells. Elsevier Science Publishers. Amsterdam, pp. 95-101, 1993.
 
88) Fujiwara Y, Sugimoto Y, Kasahara K, et al:Determination of drug response in a cisplatin-resistant human cancer cell line. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 81:527-535, 1990.
 
89) Gately DP, Howel, SB:Cellular accumulation of the anticancer agent cisplatin:A review. Br. J. Cancer 67:1171-1176, 1993.
 
90) Hamaguchi K, Godurin AK, Yakushiji M, et al:Cross resistance to diverse drugs is associated with primary cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 53:5225-5232, 1993.
PubMed
91) Ishikawa T:Glutathione S-conjugate export pump. ed. by Tew KD, Pickett CB, et al:Structure and function of glutathione-S-transferase. CRC press, Boca Raton, 1993, pp. 211-221.
 
92) Reed E, Parker RJ, Gill I, et al:Platinum-DNA adduct in leucocyte DNA of malignancies. Cancer Res. 53:3694-3699, 1993.
PubMed
93) Saijo N, Lazo JS:"Metallothoneins in drug resistance"in Drug Resistance in Oncolgy. ed. by Teicher BA, Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 339-350, 1993.
 
94) Scanlon KJ, Kashani-Sabet M, Tone T, et al:Cisplatin resistance in human cancers. Pharmacol. Ther. 52:385-406, 1991.
PubMed
95) Zhang B, Seki S, Akiyama K, et al:Detection and analysis by gel electrophoresis of cisplatin-mediated DNA damage. Acta. Med. Okayama 46:427-434, 1992.
PubMed
96) Morikage T, Bungo M, Inomata M, et al:Reversal of cisplatin resistance with amphotericin Bin a non-small cell lung cancer cell line. JPn. J. Cancer Res. 82:747-751, 1991.
 
97) Morikage T, Ohmori T, Nishio K, et al:Modulation of cisplatin sensitivity and accumulation by amphotericin B in cisplatin-resistant human lung cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 53:3302-3307, 1993.
PubMed
98) Ohmori T, Morikage T, Sugimoto Y, et al:The mechanism of the difference in cellular uptake of platinum derivatives in non-small cell lung cancer cell line (PC-14) and its cisplatin-resistant subline (PC-14/CDDP) . Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:83-92, 1993.
PubMed
99) Ohmori T, Nishio K, Ohta S, et al:Ouabain resistant non-small cell lung cancer cell line shows collateral sensitivity to cis-diammine dichloroplatinum. Int. J. cancer 57:111-116, 1994.
PubMed
100) Kasahara K, Fujiwara Y, Nishio K, et al:Metallothioein content correlates with the sensitivity of human small cell lung cancer cell lines to cisplatin. Cancer Res. 51:3237-3242, 1991.
 
101) Kubota N, Kanzawa F, Nishio K, et al:Detection of topoisomerase I gene point mutation in CPT-11 resistant lung cancer cell line. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 188:571-577, 1992.
PubMed
102) Kubota N, Nishio K, Takeda Y, et al:Characterization of an etoposide-resistant human ovarian cancer cell line. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 34:183-190, 1994.
PubMed
103) Mirski SEL, Evans CD, Almquist KC, et al:Alterd topoisomerase II a in a drug-resistant small cell Iung cancer cell line selected in VP-16. Cancer Res. 53:4866-4873, 1993.
 
104) Kanzawa F, Sugimoto Y, Minato K, et al:Establishment of a camptothecin analogue (CPT-11) -resistant cell line of human non-small cell lung cancer:characterization and mechanism of resistance. Cancer Res. 50:5919-5924, 1990.
PubMed
105) Ogasawara H, Nishio K, Takeda Y, et al:KW-2189, a novel cyclopropylpyrroloindole, is activated by carboxyl esterase and induces DNA-strand breaks. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 85:418-425, 1994.
PubMed
106) Karato A, Sasaki Y, Shinkai T, et al:Phase I study of CPT-11 and etoposide in patients with refractory solid tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2030-2035, 1993.
PubMed
107) Liebmann JE, Cook JA, Lipshultz CC, et al:Cytotoxic studies of paclitaxel (Taxol) in human tumor cell lines. Br. J. Cancer 68:1104-1109, 1993.
 
108) Morita M, Sasaki Y, Saijo N:The antitumor activity of radiation therapy is reduced in patients with non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung refractory to chemotherapy. Ann. Oncol. 3:273-276, 1992.
PubMed
109) Oshita F, Fujiwara Y, Saijo N:Radiation sensitivities in various anticancer-drug-resistant human lung cancer cell lines and mechanism of radiation cross-resistance in a cisplatin resistant cell line. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 119:28-34, 1992.
 
110) Nishio K, Sugimoto Y, Nagasawa K, et al:Cross resistance to tumor promoters in human cancer cell lines resistant to adriamycin and cisplatin. Br. J. Cancer 62:415-419, 1990.
 
111) Nishio K, Morikage T, Kubota N, et al:Alteration of type II regulatory submit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in human cisplatin-resistant cells as a basis of collateral sensitivity to 8-chloro-cAMP. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 83:754-760, 1992.
 
112) Takeda Y, Nishio K, Sugimoto Y, et al:Establishment of human leukemia subline resistant to the growth inhibitory effect of 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and showing non-p-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. Int. J. Cancer 48:931-937, 1991.
 
113) Takeda Y, Nishio K, Niitani H, et al:Reversal of multidrug resistance by tyrosine-kinase inhibitors in a non-p-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistant cell line. Int. J. Cancer 57:229-239, 1994.
 
114) Takeda Y, Kubota N, Nishio K, et al:Establishment of a human small cell lung cancer subline resistant to okadaic acid. Int. J. Cancer in press, 1994.
 
115) Ohta S, Krishan A, Nishio K, et al:Effect of Taxol on vinblastine sulfate-induced crystallixation of tubulin. Anticancer Res. 13:873-877, 1993.
PubMed
116) Ohta S, Nishio K, Ohmori T, et al:Resistance to tubulin-interacting agents taxol and vinca alkaloid, ed. by Miyazaki T, Tasaku F, and Sakurada K. The mechanism and new approach on drug resistance of cancer cells. Elsevier Science Publishers, Ameterdam, pp. 209-212, 1993.
 
117) Ohta S, Nishio K, Kubo S, et al:Characterization of a vindesine-resistant human small-cell lung cencer cell line. Br. J. Cancer 68:74-49, 1993.
 
118) Ohta S, Nishio K, Kubota N, et al:Characterization of a taxol-resistant human small-cell lung cencer cell lines. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 85:290-297, 1994.
 
119) Ohe Y, Sasaki Y, Shinkai T, et al:Phase I study and pharmacokinetics of CPT-11 with 5-day continuous infusion. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 84:972-974, 1992.
PubMed
120) Pommier Y:DNA topoisomerase I and II in cancer chemotherapy:update and prospectives. Cancer Chemother, Pharmacol. 32:103-108, 1993.
 
121) Ohmori T, Podack ER, Nishio K, et al:Apoptosis of lung cancer cells caused by some anticancer agents (MMC, CPT-11, ADM) is inhibited by bcl-2. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commum. 192:30-36, 1993.
 
122) Oltavi ZN, Milliman CL, Korsmeyer SJ:Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conversed homolog, Bax, that accelerates programmed cell death. Cell 74:609-619, 1993.
 
123) Traganos F, Kapuscinki J, Gong J, et al:Caffein prevents apoptosis and cell cycle effects induced by camptothecin or topothecin in HL-60 cells. Cancer Res 53:4613-4618, 1993.
PubMed
124) Tunekti O, Pron G, Blehradek J, et al:Bleomycin, an apoptosis-mimetic drug that induces two types of cell death depending on the number of molecules internalized. Cancer Res 53:5462-5469, 1993.
 
125) Brunton VG, Workman P:Cell-signaling targets for antitumor drug development. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 32:1-19, 1993.
PubMed
126) Nishio K, Sugimoto Y, Fujiwara Y, et al:Phospholipase-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidyl-choline is activated by cisdiammine dichloroplatinum (II) . J. Clin. Invest. 89:1622-1628, 1992.
 
127) Nishio K, Sugimoto Y, Kasahara K, et al:Increased phosphorylation of nuclear phosphoprotein in human lung-cancer cells resistant to cis-diaminedichloroplatinum (II) . Int. J. Cancer 50:438-442, 1992.
PubMed
128) Nishio K, Fujiwara Y, Miyahara Y, et al:Cis-Diaminedichloroplatinum (II) inhibits P 34cdc2 protein kinase in human lung cancer cells. Int. J. Cancer 55:616-622, 1993.
 
129) Green JA, Dawson AA, Fell LF, et al:Measurement of drug dosage intensity in MVPP therapy in Hodgkin's disease. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 9:511-514, 1980.
PubMed
130) Goldie JH, Coldman AJ, Gudauskas GA:Rationale for the use of alternating non-cross resistant chemotherapy. Cancer Treat. Rep. 66:439-449, 1982.
PubMed
131) Goldie JH, Coldman AJ:A mathematic model for relating the drug sensitivity of tumors to their spontaneous mutation rate. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63:1727-1733, 1979.
PubMed
132) Coldman AJ, Goldie JH:Impact of dose intensive chemotherapy on the development of permanent drug resistance. Semin. Oncol. 14 (suppl 4) :29-33, 1987.
 
133) Norton L, Simon R:Tumor size, sensitivity to therapy, and design of treatment schedules. Cancer Treat. Rep. 61:1307-1317, 1977.
PubMed
134) Hryniuk W, Bush H:The importance of dose intensity on chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:1281-1288, 1984.
PubMed
135) Hryniuk WM, Levine MN:Applications of dose intensity to problems in chemotherapy of breast and colorectal cancer. Semin. Oncol. 14 (suppl 4) :3-11, 1987.
 
136) Klasa RJ, Murray N, Coldman AJ, et al:Dose-intensity meta-analysis of chemotherapy regimens in small-cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:499-508, 1991.
PubMed
137) Murray N, Shah A, Osoba D, et al:Intensive weekly chemotherapy for the treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1632-1638, 1991.
PubMed
138) Fukuoka M, Takada M, Masuda S, et al:Dose intensive weekly chemotherapy with or without recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. Proc. ASCO 11:290, 1992.
 
139) De Vita VT Jr, Hubbard SM, Longo DL, et al:The chemotherapy of lymphomas:looking back, moving forward-the Richard and Hinda Rosental Foundation Award lecture. Cancer Res. 47:5810-5824, 1987.
 
140) Fisher RI, Gaynor ER, Dahlberg S, et al:Comparison of a standard regimen (CHOP) with three intensive chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 328:1002-1006, 1993.
PubMed
141) Canellos GP, Anderson JR, Propert KJ, et al:Chemotherapy of advanced Hodgkin's disease with MOPP, ABVD, or MOPP alternating with ABVD. N. Engl. J. Med. 327:1478-1484, 1992.
PubMed
142) Gianni AM, Bregni M, Siena S, et al:Rapid and complete hemopoietic reconstitution following combined transplantation of autologous blood and bone marrow cells. A changing role for high dose chemo-radiotherapy? Hematol. Oncol. 7:139-148, 1989.
PubMed
143) Armitage JO:New frontiers in cancer chemotherapy? J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1577-1578, 1986.
PubMed
144) Shepherd FA, Evans WK, Blackstain ME, et al:Hepatic arterial infusion of mitoxantrone in the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:635-640, 1987.
 
145) Konno T:Trageting chemotherapy for hepatoma:Arterial administration of anticancer drugs dissolved in Lipiodol. Eur. J. Cancer 28:403-409, 1992.
 
146) Presant CA, Scolaro M, Kennedy P, et al:Lipiodomal daunorubicin treatment of HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. Lancet 341:1242-1243, 1993.
PubMed
147) Yamaguchi T, Tsurumi H, Kitamura K, et al:Preduction, binding and cytotoxicity of human/mouse chimetric monoclonal antibody-neocartinostatin conjugate. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:1190-1194, 1993.
 
148) Baselga J, Tirpathy D, Mendelsohn J, et al:Phase II study of recombinant human anti-HER 2 monoclonal antibody (rhuMAb HER 2) in stage IV breast cancer (BC) :HER 2-shedding dependent pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity. Proc ASCO 14:103, 1995.
 
149) Pegram M, Lipton A, Pietras R, et al:Phase II study of intravenous recombinant humanized anti-p 185 HER 2 monoclonal antibody (rhuMAb HER 2) plus cisplatin in patients with HER-2/NEU overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. Proc. ASCO 14:106, 1995.
 
150) 抗悪性腫瘍薬の臨床評価法に関するガイドライン. 新薬評価ガイドライン1991, 日本公定書協会編, 薬事日報社, 東京, 1991.
 
151) GCPハンドブック. 厚生省薬務局審査第一課監修, 薬業時報社, 東京, 1990.
 
152) Collins JM, Zaharko DS, Dedrick RL, et al:Potential roles for preclinical pharmacology in phase I clinical trials. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:73-80, 1986.
PubMed
153) EORTC Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Group:Pharmacokinetically guided dose escalation in phase I clinical trials. Commentary and proposed guidelines. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 23:1083-1087, 1987.
PubMed
154) Fuse E, Kobayashi S, Inaba M, et al:Application of pharmacokinetically guided dose escalation with respect to cell cycle phase specificity. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:989-996, 1994.
PubMed
155) Smith DB, Ewen C, Mackintosh J, et al:A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of amphetinile. Br. J. Cancer 57:623-627, 1988.
 
156) Schwartsmann G, Dodion P, Vermorken JB, et al:Phase I study of brequinar sodium (NSC 368390) in patients with solid malignancies. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 25:345-351, 1990.
PubMed
157) Gianni L, Vigani L, Surbone A, et al:Pharmacology and clinical toxicity of 4'-iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin:An example of successful application of pharmacokinetics to dose escalation in phase I trials. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:469-477, 1990.
 
158) Foster BJ, Newell DR, Graham MA, et al:Phase I trial of the anthrapyrazole CI-941. Prospective evaluation of a pharmacokinetically guided dose escalation scheme. Eur. J. Cancer 28:463-469, 1992.
PubMed
159) Allan SG, Cummings J, Evans S, et al:Phase I study of the anthrapyrazole biantazole:Clinical results and pharmacology. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 28:55-58, 1991.
PubMed
160) Ames MM, Loprinzi CL, Collins JM, et al:Phase I and clinical evaluation of piroxantron hydrochloride (oxantrazole) . Cancer Res. 50:3905-3909, 1990.
PubMed
161) Hantel A, Donehower RC, Rowinsky EK, et al:Phase I study and pharmacodynamics of piroxantrone (NSC 349174) , a new anthrapyrazole. Cancer Res. 50:3284-3288, 1990.
PubMed
162) Erlichman C, Moore M, Kerr IG, et al:Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of a new anthrapyrazole CI-937 (DuP 937) . Cancer Res. 51:6317-6322, 1991.
PubMed
163) Graham MA, Bissett D, Setanoians A, et al:Preclinical and phase I studies with rhizoxin to apply a pharmacokinetically guided dose escalation scheme. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 84:494-500, 1992.
PubMed
164) Donehower R, Grove W, Whitfield L, et al:Successful use of pharmacologically guided dose escalation (PGDE) in a phase I trial of CI-958. Proc ASCO 12:139, 1993.
 
165) Levantal BG, Wittes RE:Combination chemotherapy. Research Methods in Clinical Oncology, eds. by Levantal BG, Wittes RE, Raven Pres, New York, pp. 129, 1988.
 
166) Korn EL, Simon R:Using the tolerable-dose diagram in the design of phase I combination chemotherapy trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:794-801, 1993.
PubMed
167) O'Quigley J, Pepe M, Fisher L, et al:Continual reassessment method:apractical design for phase I clinical trials in cancer. Biometrics 46:33-48, 1990.
 
168) Kaufmann SH:Induction of endonucleolytic DNA cleavage in human acute myelogenous leukemia cells by etoposide, camptothecin, and other cytotoxic anticancer drugs:acautionary note. Cancer Res. 49:5870-5878, 1989.
PubMed
169) Eastman A:Activation of programmed cell death by anticancer agents:cisplatin as a model system. Cancer Cells 2:275-280, 1990.
 
170) Nishio K, Fujiwara Y, Miyahara Y, et al:Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) inhibits p 34cdc2 protein kinase in human lung-cancer cells. Int. J. Cancer 55:616-622, 1993.
 
171) Fukuoka M, Niitani H, Suzuki A, et al:A phase II study of CPT-11, a new derivative of camptothecin, for previously untreated non-small-cell lung cancer [see comments]. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:16-20, 1992.
 
172) Masuda N, Fukuoka M, Kusunoki Y, et al:CPT-11:a new derivative of camptothecin for the treatment of refractory or relapsed small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1225-1229, 1992.
PubMed
173) Fujiwara Y, Yamakido M, Fukuoka M, et al:Phase II study of irinotecan (CPT-11) and cisplatin (CDDP) in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) . Proc. ASCO 13:335, 1994.
 
174) 古江 尚:塩酸イリノテカン (CPT-11) . 癌と化学療法21:709-717, 1994.
 
175) 太田和雄, 大野竜三, 白川 茂・他:悪性リンパ腫・急性白血病に対する塩酸イリノテカン (CPT-11) の後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法21:1047-1055, 1994.
 
176) 田口鐵男, 冨永 健, 小川一誠・他:再発・進行乳癌に対するCPT-11 (塩酸イリノテカン) の後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法21:1017-1024, 1994.
 
177) 二ツ木浩一, 涌井 昭, 中尾功・他:再発・進行胃癌に対する塩酸イリノテカン (CPT-11) の後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法21:1033-1038, 1994.
 
178) 坂田 優, 島田安博, 吉野正廣・他:進行膵がんに対するCPT-11 (塩酸イリノテカン) の後期第II相臨床試験. がんと化学療法21:1039-1045, 1994.
 
179) Shimada Y, Yoshino M, Wakui A, et al:Phase II study of CPT-11, a new camptothecin derivative, in metastatic colorectal cancer. CPT-11 Gastrointestinal Cancer Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:909-913, 1993.
 
180) Karato A, Sasaki Y, Shinkai T, et al:Phase I study of CPT-11 and etoposide in patients with refractory solid tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2030-2035, 1993
PubMed
181) Masuda N, Fukuoka M, Takada M, et al:CPT-11 in combination with cisplatin for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J CIin. Oncol. 10:1775-1780, 1992.
 
182) Kelland LR, Abel G:Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity of Taxol and Taxotere against cisplatin-sensitive and-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 30:444-450, 1992.
PubMed
183) McGuire WP, Rowinsky EK, Rosenshein NB, et al:Taxol:a unique antineoplastic agent with significant activity in advanced ovarian epithelial neoplasms. Ann. Intern. Med. 111:273-279, 1989.
PubMed
184) Thigpen T, Blessing J, Ball H, et al:Phase II trial as second line therapy for ovarian carcinoma. Proc. ASCO 9:156, 1990.
 
185) Einzig AI, Wiernik PH, Sasloff J, et al:Phase II study of Taxol (T) in patients (Pts) with advanced ovarian cancer. Proc. AACR 31:187, 1990.
 
186) Sarosy G, Kohn E, Stone DA, et al:Phase I study of taxol and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with refractory ovarian cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1165-1170, 1992.
PubMed
187) Holmes FA, Walters RS, Theriault RL, et al:Phase II trial of taxol, an active drug in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:1797-1805, 1991.
PubMed
188) Chang A, Kim K, Glick J, et al:Phase II study of taxol in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . Proc. ASCO 11:293, 1992.
 
189) Murphy WK, Winn RJ, Fossella FV, et al:A phase II study of taxol (NSC 125973) in patients (pts) with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . Proc. ASCO 11:294, 1992.
 
190) Kanzawa F, Sugimoto Y, Minato K, et al:Establishment of a camptothecin analogue (CPT-11) -resistant cell line of human non-small cell lung cancer:characterization and mechanism of resistance. Cancer Res 50:5919-5924, 1990.
PubMed
191) Kubota N, Kanzawa F, Nishio K, et al:Detection of topoisomerase I gene point mutation in CPT-11 resistant lung cancer cell line. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 188:571-577, 1992.
PubMed
192) Ando T, et al:Molecular Biology of DNA Topoisomerases and Its Application to Chemotherapy. CRC Press, Florida, pp. 189, 1993.
 
193) Ohta S, Nishio K, Ohmori T, et al:A taxol resistant human small cell lung cancer cell line is partially dependent of taxol for its growth. Proc. AACR 34:304, 1993.
 
194) Culver KW, Ram Z, Wallbridge S, et al:In vivo gene transfer with retroviral vector-producer cells for treatment of experimental brain tumors [see comments]. S cience 256:1550-1552, 1992.
 
195) Ram Z, Culver KW, Walbridge S, et al:In situ retroviral-mediated gene transfer for the treatment of brain tumors in rats. Cancer Res. 53:83-88, 1993.
PubMed
196) Ratajczak MZ, Kant JA, Luger SM, et al:In vivo treatment of human leukemia in a scid mouse model with c-myb antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:11823-11827, 1992.
 
197) Georges RN, Mukhopadhyay T, Zhang Y, et al:Prevention of orthotopic human lung cancer growth by intratracheal instillation of a retroviral antisense K-ras construct. Cancer Res. 53:1743-1746, 1993.
PubMed
198) Kashani-Sabet M, Funato T, Tone T, et al:Reversal of the malignant phenotype by an anti-ras ribozyme. Antisense Res. Dev. 2:3-15, 1992.
PubMed
199) Snyder DS, Wu Y, Wang JL, et al:Ribozyme-mediated inhibition of bcr-abl gene expression in a Philadelphia chromosome-positive cell line. Blood 82:600-605, 1993.
 
200) Mercer WE, Shields MT, Lin D, et al:Growth suppression induced by wild-type p 53 protein is accompanied by selective down-regulation of proliferating-cell nuclear antigen expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:1958-1962, 1991.
 
201) Leone A, Flatow U, King CR, et al:Reduced tumor incidence, metastatic potential, and cytokine responsiveness of nm 23-transfected melanoma cells. Cell 65:25-35, 1991.
 
202) Huang HJ, Yee JK, Shew JY, et al:Suppression of the neoplastic phenotype by replacement of the RB gene in human cancer cells. Science 242:1563-1566, 1988.
PubMed
203) 小倉 剛:サイトカインの癌治療への応用. 免疫薬理 12:356-359, 1994.
 
204) Chen L, Ashe S, Brady WA, et al:Costimulation of antitumor immunity by the B 7 counter-receptor for the T lymphocyte molecules CD 28 and CTLA-4. Cell 71:1093-1102, 1992.
 
205) Lok S, Kaushansky K, Holly RD, et al:Cloning and expression of murine thrombopoietin cDNA and stimulation of platelet production in vivo. Nature 369:565-568, 1995.
 
206) 高上洋一:白血病に対する末梢血幹細胞移植. 今日の移植 4:72-79, 1991.
 
207) Clarke SJ, Jackman AL, Judson IR:The history of the development and clinical use of CB 3717 and ICI D 1694. Adv. Exp Med. Biol 339:277-287, 1993.
PubMed
208) Jackman AL, Gibson W, Brown M, et al:The role of the reduced-folate carrier and metabolism to intracellular polyglutamates for the activity of ICI D 1694. [Review]. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol 339:265-276, 1993.
PubMed

19. 抗がん剤の臨床薬理

P.348 掲載の参考文献
1) Reuning RH, Geraets DR, Rocci Jr MR, et al:Digoxin:Applied Pharmacokinetics Principles of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (ed. by Evans WE, Schentag JJ and Jusko WJ) , 3rd Ed, Applied Therapeutics Inc., Vancouver, 1992, pp. 20-1-20-48.
 
2) Rowland M, Tozer TN:Individualization:Clinical Pharmacokinetics:Concepts and Applications, 2nd Ed, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1989, pp. 197-276.
 
3) 加藤隆一:TDMにもとつく至適投与方法の設計:臨床薬物動態学-臨床薬理学・薬物療法の基礎として南江堂, 東京, 1992, pp. 261-268
 
4) 石崎高志:治療医学と臨床薬理学:臨床薬理学レクチャー, 科学的治療へのアプローチ. 医学書院, 東京, 1985, pp. 1-13.
 
5) 西原カヅヨ:患者の状態に応じた薬剤の投与量:TDM実地テキストーくすりを効果的に使うための血中濃度モニタリング (大久保昭行編集) . 文光堂, 東京, 1992, pp. 47-62.
 
6) 澤田康文:薬剤予測学とは?:薬剤予測学入門. 薬事時報社, 東京, 1993, pp. 3-15.
 
7) Collins JM:Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Monitoring:Cancer Chemotherapy-Principles & Practice (ed. by Chabner BA and Collins JM) , J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1990, pp. 16-31.
 
8) Calabrei P, Chabner BA:Chemotherapy of Neoplastic Diseases:The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th Ed (ed. by Gilmann AG, Rall TW, Nies AS, Taylor P) , Pergamon Press, New York, 1990, pp. 1202-1263.
 
9) 佐々木康綱:抗癌剤の臨床薬理学-Oncological Pharmacology, 化学療法の進歩-新版. メジカルビュー社, 東京, 1993, pp. 106-112.
 
10) 大津智子, 佐々木康綱:抗癌剤のPharmacodynamics. 癌と化学療法 20 (12) :1741-1749, 1993.
Medical*Online
11) McSheehy PMJ, Prior MJW, Griffiths JR:Prediction of 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity towords the Walker carcinoma using peak integrals of fluorounucleotides measured by MRS in vivo. Br. J. Cancer 60:303-309, 1989.
 
12) Wolf W, Presant CA, Servis KL, et al:Tumor trapping of 5-fluorouracil:in vivo 19 F NMR spectroscopic pharmacokinetics in tumor bearing humans and rabbits. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 87:492-496, 1990.
 
13) Baker SD, Heideman RL, Crom WR, et al:Cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and penetration of continuous infusion topotecan in children with central nurvous system tumors. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 37:195-202, 1996.
PubMed
14) Tallarida RIJ, Murray RB:Manual of pharmacologic calculations with computer programs, 2nd Ed, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1987, pp. 82-105.
 
15) Ratain MJ, Vogelzang NJ:Phase I and pharmacological study of vinblastine by prolonged continuous infusion. Cancer Res. 46:4827-4830, 1986.
PubMed
16) Ohtsu T, Sasaki Y, Tamura T, et al:Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of paclitaxel:a 3-hour infusion versus 24-hour infusion. Clin. Cancer Res. 1:599-606, 1995.
PubMed
17) Gianni L, Kearns CM, Gianni A, et al:Nonlinear pharmacokinetics and metabolism of paclitaxel and its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship in humans. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:532-538, 1994.
 
18) Desai ZR, Van den Berg HW:Can severe vincristine neurotoxicity be prevented? Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 8:211-214, 1982.
PubMed
19) Sasaki Y, Yoshida Y, Sudoh K, et al:Pharmacological correlation between total drug concentration and lactones of CPT-11 and SN-38 in patients treated with CPT-11. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 86:111-116, 1995.
PubMed
20) Plunkett W, Iacoboni S, Estey E, et al:Pharmacologically directed Ara-C therapy for refractory leukemia. Semin. Oncol. 12 Suppl:20-30, 1985.
 
21) Liliemark J, Juliusson G:Cellular pharmacokinetics od 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine nucleotide:comparison of intermittent and continuous intravenous infusion and subcutaneous and oral administration in leukemia patients. Clin. Cancer Res. 1:385-390, 1995.
 
22) Canal P, Attal M, Chatelut E, et al:Plasma and cellular pharmacokinetics of mitoxantrone in high-dose chemotherapeutic regimen for refractory lymphoma. Cancer Res. 53:4850-4854, 1993.
PubMed
23) Siderov J, Brien JE, Morgan DJ, et al:Quality of pharmacokinetic research in oncology. Br. J. Cancer 72:792-794, 1995.
PubMed
24) Formelli F, Clerici M, Campa T, et al:Five-year administration of fenretinide:pharmacokinetics and effects on plasma retinol concentrations. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2036-2042, 1993.
PubMed
25) Grieshaber CK, Marsoni S:Relation preclinical toxicology to findings in early clinical trials. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:65-72, 1986.
PubMed
26) Davis LE, Alberts DS, Plezia PM, et al:Predictive model for plasma concentration-versus time profiles of investigational anticancer drugs in patients. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80:815-819, 1998.
 
27) 奥平和穂, 杉山雄一:薬物毒性のスケールアップ. PHRMTECH JAPAN 6:667-675, 1990.
 
28) Toxicology and Pharmacology Branch, DTP, DCT, NCI:Preclinical toxicology and pharmacology of drugs developed for cancer, AIDS and AIDS-related illness. May 26, 1995.
 
29) Burtles SS, Newell DR, Hernar REC, et al:Revisions of general guidline for the preclinical toxicology of new cytotoxic anticancer agents in Europe. Eur. J. Cancer 30:408-410, 1994.
 
30) 抗悪性腫瘍薬の臨床評価ガイドライン作成に関する研究班:抗悪性腫瘍薬の床評価方法に関するガイドライン:新薬臨床評価ガイドライン 日本公定書協会, 東京, 1992.
 
31) Itoh K, Sasaki Y, Miyata Y, et al:Therapeutic response and potential pitfalls in phase I clinical trials of anticancer agents conducted in Japan. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 34:451-454, 1994.
PubMed
32) Collins JM, Zaharko DS, Dedrick RL, et al:Potential roles for preclinical pharmacology in phase I clinical trials. Cancer Treat. Rep. 54:73-79, 1988.
 
33) Collins JM:Pharmacology and drug development. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80:790-793, 1988.
PubMed
34) Collins JM, Grieshaber CK, Chabner BA:Pharmacologically guided phase I clinical trials based upon preclinical drug development. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:1321-1326, 1990.
PubMed
35) Gianni L, Vigano L, Surbone A, et al:Pharmacology and clinical toxicity of 4'-indo-4-deoxydoxorubicin:An example od successful application of pharmacokinetics to dose escalation in phase I trials. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:469-477, 1990.
 
36) Donehower R, Grove W, Whitfield W, et al:Succssful use of pharmacokinetically guided dose escalation in a phase I trial of CI 958. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:139, 1993.
 
37) Politi P, Setser A, Bastian A, et al:Pharmacokinetically guided phase I trial of cyclopentenyl cytosine with biochemical monitoring. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:212, 1993.
 
38) EORTC Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Group:Pharmacokinetically guided dose escalation in phase I clinical trials. commentary and proposed guidlines. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 23:1083-1087, 1987.
 
39) Graham MA, Workman P:The impact of pharmacokinetically guided dose escalation strategies in phase I clinical trials:Critical evaluation and recommendation for future studies. Ann. Oncol. 3:339-347, 1992.
PubMed
39) Fuse E, Kobayashi S, Inaba M, et al:Application of pharmacokinetically dose escalation with respect to cell cycle phase specificity. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:989-996, 1994.
PubMed
40) O'Quigley J, Pepe M, Fisher L:Continual reassessment method:a practical design for phase 1 clinical trials in cancer. Biometrics 46:33-48, 1990.
 
41) Zervos PH, Faries D, Dorr FA, et al:Practical use of the modified continual reassessment method for dose escalation in a phase I trial with LY 231514. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:473, 1995.
 
42) Rinaldi D, Burris H, Dorr F, et al:A phase I evaluation of LY 231514 administered every 21 days, utilizing the modified continual reassessment method for dose escalation. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:474, 1995.
 
43) Sinbaldi V, Eisenburger M, Moore-Cooper S, et al:Phase-I study of a pharmacologically derived, daily x5, monthly schedule of suramin in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:469, 1995.
 
44) Fisher GA, Hausdorff J, Collins H, et al:Phase I clinical trial of etoposide with PSC 833, a potent inhibitor of multidrug resistance (MDR) . Proc 8 th NCI-EORTC symposium on new drugs in cancer therapy:158, 1994.
 
45) Catimel G, Sarkany M, Ardit C, et al:Phase I trial of S 9788 in combination with adriamycin as a new multidrug resistance reverser in solid tumors. Proc 8 th NCI-EORTC symposium on new drugs in cancer therapy:159, 1994.
 
46) Rowinski EK, Gilbert MR, McGuire WP, et al:Sequences of taxol and cisplatin:a phase I and pharmacologic study. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1692-1703, 1991.
 
47) Sasaki Y, Ohtsu A, Shimada Y, et al:Simultaneous administration of CPT-11 and fluorour-acil:alteration of the pharmacokinetics of CPT-11 and SN-38 in patients with advanced colon cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:1096-1098, 1994.
 
48) Saito I, Ohtsu T, Fujii H, et al:A phase I trial of intravenous SDZ PSC 833 in combination with doxorubicin as a modulator of MDR in cancer patients. Proc. Jpn. Cancer Assoc.:600, 1995.
 
49) Morgan Jr RJ, Margolin K, Raschko J. et al:Phase I trial of carboplatin and infusional cyclosporine in advanced malignancy. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:2238-2246, 1995.
 
50) Motzer RJ, Lyn P, Fischer P, et al:Phase I/II trial of doxyverapamil plus vinblastine for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1958-1965, 1995.
PubMed
51) Jodrell DI, Egorin MJ, Canetta RM, et al:Relationship between carboplatin exposure and tumor response and toxicity in patients with ovarian cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:520-528, 1992.
PubMed
52) Milano G, Etienne MC, Renee N, et at:Relationship between fluorouracil systemic exposure and tumor response and patient survival. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1291-1295, 1994.
 
53) Evans WE, Crom WR, Abromowitch M, et al:Clinical pharmacodynamics of high-dose methotrexate in acute lymphocytic leukemia. N. Eng. J. Med. 314:471-477, 1986.
 
54) Rodman JH, Abromowitch M, Sinkule JA, et al:Clinical pharmacodynamics of continuous infusion teniposide:systemic exposure as a determination of response in a phase I trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1007-1014, 1987.
 
55) 谷川原祐介:Population pharmacokinetics の活用:医薬品の適正使用と病院薬剤師. 医学のあゆみ 171:667-670, 1994.
 
56) Miya T, Sasaki Y, Karato A, et al:Pharmacokinetic study of mitomycin C with emphasis on the influence of aging. Jpn. J Cancer Res. 83:1382-1385, 1992.
PubMed
57) Sheiner LB, Rosenberg B, Melmon KL:Modeling of individual pharmacokinetics for computer-aded drug dosage. Comp. Biomed. Res. 5:441-459, 1972.
 
58) Sheiner LB, Beal S, Rosenburg B:Forecasting individual pharmacokinetics. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 26:294-305, 1979
 
59) Peck C:行政, 大学および製薬会社の研究者にとってのPopulation Pharmacokineticsの重要性について:医薬品の開発と規制へのPopulation Pharmacokinetic研究の適応, Dr. C. Peck及びDr. T. H. Graselaの講演会の記録医薬品研究 26:1024-1052, 1995.
 
60) Ratain MJ, Rosner G, Allen SJ, et al:Population pharmacodynamic study amonafide:a cancer and leukemia group B study. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:741-747, 1995.
 
61) Tracewell WG, Trump DL, Vaughan WP, et al:Population pharmacokinetics of hydroxyurea in cancer patients. Cancer. Chemother Pharmacol. 35:417-422, 1995.
PubMed
62) Kobayashi K, Vokes EE, Ratain MJ:A NONMEM population pharmacokinetic model for suramin:effect of weight and albumin. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:462, 1995.
 
63) Gallo JM, Brennan J, Hamilton TDC:Population pharmacokinetic model to describe gultathione depletion following treatment with combined melphalan and buthionin sulfoximine. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:464, 1995
 
64) Periclou AP, Avramis VI:population pharmacokinetic analysis of cytosine arabinoside following high-dose and continuous infusion in pediatric patients with leukemias. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:463, 1995.
 
65) Bruno R, Hille D, Thomas L:Population pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of docetaxel (taxotere) in phase II studies. Proc Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:457, 1995.
 
66) Egorin ME, Van Echo DA, Tipping SJ, et al:Pharmacokinetics and dosage reduction of cis-diammine (1, 1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato) platinum in patients with impaired renal function. Cancer Res. 44:5432-5438, 1994.
 
67) Egorin MJ, Van Echo DA, Olman EA, et al:Prospective validation of pharmacologically based dosing scheme for the cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) analogue diamminecy-clobutanedicarboxylatoplatinum. Cancer Res. 45:6502-6506, 1985.
PubMed
68) Calvert AH, Newell DR, Gumbrell LA, et al:Carboplatin dosage:prospective evaluation of a simple formula based on renal function. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1748-1756, 1989.
PubMed
69) August DA, Halter S, Brenner DE:Effect of sublethal liver injury on doxorubicin metabolism. Clin. Cancer Res. 1:351-358, 1995.
PubMed
70) Santini J, Milano G, Thyss A, et al:5-FU therapeutic monitoring with dose adjustment leads to an improved therapeutic index in head and neck cancer. Br. J. Cancer 59:289-290, 1989.
 
71) Ratain MJ, Mick R, Schilsky RL, et al:Pharmacologically based dosing of etoposide:a means of safety increasing dose intensity. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1480-1486, 1991.
 
72) Evans WE:Individualized dosage of chemotherapy as a strategy to improve response for acute lymphocytic leukemia. Semin Hematol. 28 Suppl 4:15-21, 1991.
 

20. 臨床試験

P.391 掲載の参考文献
1) Leventhal BG, Wittes RE:Research Methods in Clinical Oncology. Raven Press, New York, 1986.
 
2) Link MP, Goorin AM, Miser AW, et al:The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on relapse-free survival in patients with osteosarcoma of the extremity. N. Engl. J. Med. 314:1600-1606, 1986.
PubMed
3) 西條長宏:がん治療の進歩と臨床試験からだの科学187:74-78, 1996.
 
4) Kisner DL:Reporting treatment toxicities. In Cancer Clinical Trials:Methods and Practice, edited by ME Buyse, MJ Staquet, RJ Sylvester, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1984, pp. 178-190.
 
5) Oken MM, Creech RH, Tormey DC, et al:Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:649-655, 1982.
 
6) Ajani JA, Welch SR, Raber MN, et al:Comprehensive criteria for assessing therapy-induced toxicity. Cancer Invest 8:147-159, 1990.
PubMed
7) Japan Society for Cancer Therapy:Criteria for the evaluation of the clinical effects solid cancer chemotherapy. J. Jpn. Soc. Cancer Ther. 28:101-130, 1993.
 
8) Tobinai K, Kohno A, Shimada Y, et al:Toxicity grading criteria of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 23:250-257, 1993.
PubMed
9) LENT SOMA scales for all anatomic sites. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 31:1049-1091, 1995.
PubMed
10) Kaplan EL, Meier P:Nonpararametric estimation for incomplete observations. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 53:457-481, 1958.
 
11) Donovan K, Sanson-Fisher RW, Redman S:Measuring the quality of life of cancer patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:959, 1989
 
12) Schipper H, Clinch J, McMurray A, et al:Measuring the quality of life of cancer patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:472, 1984.
PubMed
13) Aaronson NK, et al:A modular approach to quality-of-life assessment in cancer clinical trials. Recent Results Cancer Res. 111:231, 1988.
PubMed
14) 江口研二, 栗原 稔, 下妻晃二郎・他:がん薬物療法におけるQOL調査票. 日癌治療会誌28 (8) :1140-1144, 1993.
 
15) Alley MC, Scudiero DA, Monks Hursey ML, et al:Feasibility of drug screening with panels of human tumor cell lines using a microculture tetrazolium assay. Cancer Res. 48:589-601, 1988.
PubMed
16) 抗悪性腫瘍薬の臨床評価ガイドライン作成に関する研究班:抗悪性腫瘍の臨床評価方法に関するガイドライン.
 
17) Freireich EJ, Gehan EA, Rall DP, et al:Quantitative comparision of toxicity of anticancer agents in mouse, rat, hamster, dog, monkey and man. Cancer Chemother. Res. 50:219-244, 1966.
 
18) Owens AH Jr:Predicting anticancer drug effects in man from laboratory animal studies J. 392 Chronic Dis. 15:223-228, 1962.
 
19) Abeloff MD, Slavik M, Luk, GD, et al:Phase I trial and pharmacokinetic studies of alpha difluoromethylornithine-An inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:124-130, 1984.
PubMed
20) Collins JM, Zaharko DS, Dedrick RL, et al:Potential roles for pharmacology in phae I clinical trials. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:73-80, 1986.
 
21) EORTC Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Group:Pharmacokinetically guided dose escalation in phase I clinical trials. Commentary and proposed guidelines. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 23:1083-1087, 1987.
PubMed
22) Bisset D, Graham MA, Setanoians A, et al:Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of Rizoxin. Cancer Res. 52:2894-2898, 1992.
 
23) Storer BE:Design and analysis of phase I clinical trials. Biometrics 45:925-937, 1989.
PubMed
24) O'Quigley J, Chevret S:Methods for dose finding studies in cancer clinical trials:a review and results of a Monte-Carlo study. Stat. in Med. 10:1647-1664, 1991.
PubMed
25) O'Quigley J, Pepe M, Fisher L:Continual reassessment method:A practical design for phase I clinical trials in cancer. Biometrics 46:33-48, 1990.
 
26) Ohtsu T, Sasaki Y, Tamura T, et al:Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of paclitaxel:A 3-hour infusion versus a 24-hour infusion. Clin. Cancer Res. 1:599-606, 1995.
PubMed
27) Mick R, Ratain MJ:Model-guided determination of maximum tolerated dose in phase I clinical trials:Evidence for increased precision. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:217-223, 1993.
PubMed
28) Rubin P, Keys H, Salazar O:New designs for radiation oncology research in clinical trials. Seminars in Oncology 8 (4) :453, 1981.
PubMed
29) Estey E, Hoth D, Simon R, et al:Therapeutic response in Phase I trials of anti-neoplastic agents. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:1105-1115.
PubMed
30) Smith TL, Lee JJ, Kantarjian HM, et al:Design and results of phase I cancer clinical trials:Three-Year Experience at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:287-295, 1996.
 
31) Bonomi PD, Finkelstein DM, Ruckdeschel JC, et al:Combination chemotherapy versus single agents followed by combination chemotherapy in stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer;astudy of eastern cooperative oncology group. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1602-1613, 1989.
 
32) Ratain MJ, Mick R, Schilsky RL, et al:Statistical and ethical issues in the design and conduct of phase I and II clinical trials of new anticancer agents. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:1637-1643, 1993.
PubMed
33) Daugherty C, Ratain MJ, Grochowski E et al:Perceptions of Cancer Patients and Their Physicians Involved in Phase I Trials J. Clin. Oncol. 13 (5) :1062-1072, 1995.
PubMed
34) Chang AY, Kim K, Glick J, et al:Phase II study of taxol, merbarone, and piroxantrone in stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer:The eastern cooperative oncology group results. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85 (5) :388-394, 1993.
PubMed
35) Murphy WK, Fossella FV, Winn RJ, et al:Phase II study of taxol in patients with untreated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85 (5) :384-388, 1993.
PubMed
36) Radice PA, Bunn PA Jr, Ihde DC:Therapeutic trials with VP 16-213 and VM 26:Active agents in small cell lung cancer, non Hodgkin's Iymphomas and other malignancies. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63:1231-1239, 1979.
 
37) 下山正徳, 富永祐民, 西條長宏・他:臨床試験計画 (プロトコール) の作成と実施, 並びに結果の統計解析とその評価について. 癌の臨床36:2503-2525, 1990.
 
38) Moore TD, Korn EL:Phase II trial design consideration for small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 84:150-154, 1992.
PubMed
39) Ettinger DS, Finkelstein DM, Abeloff MD, et al:Justification for evaluating new anticancer drugs in selected untreated patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer;an eastern cooperative oncology group randomized study. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 84:1077-1084, 1992.
PubMed
40) Ettinger DS, Finkelstein D, Ritch P, et al:Randomized trial of single agents VS combination chemotherapy in extensive stage small cell lung cancer. Proc. ASCO. 11:295, 1992.
 
41) Stephan KC:Clinical aspects in the design and conduct of phase II trials. Cancer Clinical Trials.:224-238, 1988.
 
42) Grant SC, Gralla RJ, Kris MG, et al:Single-agent chemotherapy trials in small-cell lung cancer, 1970 to 1990:the case for studies in previously treated patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 10 (3) :484-498, 1992.
PubMed
43) Gehan EA, Schneiderman MA:Experimental design of clinical trials. In Cancer Medicine, edited by JF Holland, E, Frei III, 2nd ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1982, pp. 531-553.
 
44) Fleming TR:One sample multiple testing procedure for phase II clinical trials. Biometrics 38:143-151, 1982.
PubMed
45) Simon R:Optimal two-stage designs for phase II clinical trials. Controlled Clin. Trials 10:1-10, 1989.
PubMed
46) Green SJ, Dahlberg S:Planned versus attained design in phase II clinical trials. Stat. in Med. 11:853-862, 199
 
47) Moertel CG, Thynne GS:Large bowel. In Cancer Medicine, edited by JF Hollandd, E Frei III, 2nd ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1982, pp. 1830-1859.
 
48) Simon R Wittes RE, Ellenberg SS:Randomized phase II clinical trials. Cancer Treat. Rep. 69:1375-1381, 1985.
PubMed
49) Tannock I, Murphy L:Reflections on medical oncology:An appeal for better clinical trials and improved reporting of their results. J. Clin. Oncol. 1:66-70, 1983.
 
50) Weiss GB, Bunce H, Hokanson JA:Comparing survival of responders and non-responders after treatment:A potential source of confusion in interpreting cancer clinical trials. Controlled Clin. Trials 4:43-52, 1983.
 
51) Aisner J, Alverto P, Bitran J, et al:Role of chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer:A consensus report of the International Association for the study of Lung cancer Workshop. Cancer Treat. Rep. 67:37-43, 1983.
 
52) Tannock I:Reading the literature with a clinical eye. ASCO Education Book, 1992. pp. 114-117.
 
53) Tannock I:New perspectives in combined radio-therapy and chemotherapy treatment. II nd IASLC Workshop Inagural Conference:1-39, 1992.
 
54) Zelen M:Play the winner rule and the controlled clinical trial. JAMA 64:131-146, 1969.
 
55) Efron B:Forcing a sequential experiment to be balanced. Biometrika 58:403-417, 1971.
 
56) Feinstein AR, Sosin DM, Wells CK:The Will Rogers phenomenon:Stage migration and new diagnostic techniques as a source of misleading statistics for survival in cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 312:1604-1608, 1985.
 
57) Easterbrook PJ, Berlin JA, Gopalan R, et al:Publication bias in clinical research. Lancet 337:867-872, 1991.
PubMed
58) Gehan EA, Freireich EJ:Non-randomized controls in cancer clinical trials. N. Engl. J. Med. 290:198-203, 1974.
PubMed
59) Chalmers TC, Block JB, Lee S:Controlled studies in clinical cancer research. N. Engl. J. Med. 287:75-78, 1972.
PubMed
60) The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators. Preliminary report:effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 321:406-412, 1989.
 
61) Passamani E:Clinical trials-are they ethical? N. Engl. J. Med. 324:1589-1592, 1991.
PubMed
62) Zelen M:The randomization and stratification of patients to clinical trials. J. Chronic. Dis. 27:365-375, 1974.
PubMed
63) Pocock SJ, Simon R:Sequential treatment assignment with balancing for prognostic factors in the controlled clinical trial. Biometrics 31:103-115, 1975.
PubMed
64) Simon RM:Design and conduct of clinical trials. In Cancer:Principles and Practice of Oncology, edited by VT DeVita Jr, S Hellman, SA Rosenberg, 1st ed, Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1982, pp. 198-225.
 
65) George SL:The required size and length of a phase III clinical trial. In Cancer Clinical Trials:Methods and Practice, edited by ME Buyse, MJ Staquet, RJ Sylvester, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1984, pp. 287-310.
 
66) Bajorin DF, Sarosdy MF, Pfister DG, et al:Randomized trial of etoposide and cisplatin versus etoposide and carboplatin in patients with good-risk germ cell tumors:amultiinstitutional study. J. Clin. Oncol. 11 (4) :598-606, 1993.
PubMed
67) Loehrer PJ Sr, Johnson D, Elson P, et al:Importance of hleomycin in favorable-prognosis disseminated germ cell tumors:an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 13 (2) :470-476, 1995.
 
68) Canner PL, for The Coronary Drug Project Research Group:Influence of adherence to treatment and response of cholesterol on mortality in the coronary drug project. N. Engl. J. Med. 303:1038-1041, 1980.
 
69) Gehan E:Ageneralized Wilcoxon test for comparing arbitrarily singly-censored samples. Biometrika 52:203-224, 1965
 
70) Peto R, Pike MC, Armitage P, et al:J:Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient II. Br. J. Cancer 35:1-39, 1977.
 
71) Cox DR:Regression models and life-tables. J. Royal Stat. Soc. Series B 34:187-220, 1972.
 
72) Schein PS, for the Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group:A comparison of combination chemotherapy and combined modality therapy for locally advanced gastric carcinoma. Cancer 49:1771-1777, 1982.
 
73) Ohta M, Tsuchiya R, Shimoyama M, et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy for completely resected stage III non-small cell lung cancer. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 106:703-708, 1993.
PubMed
74) Fleming TR, Green SJ, Harrington DP:Considerations of monitoring and evaluating treatment effects in clinical trials. Controlled Clin. Trials 5:55-66, 1984.
PubMed
75) Pocock SJ:Group sequential methods in the context of a programme of a clinical reseach. Biometrika 64:191-199, 1977
 
76) O'Brien PC, Fleming TR:A multiple testing procedure for clinical trials. Biometrics 35:549-556, 1979.
PubMed
77) Braitman LE:Confidence Intervals Assess Both Clinical Significance and Statistical Significance. ann. Intern. Med. 114:515-517, 1991.
PubMed
78) Wittes RE, Goldin A:Unresolved issues in combination chemotherapy. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:105-125, 1986.
PubMed
79) Leyland-Jones B, O'Dwyer PJ:Biochemical modulation. Application of laboratory models to the clinic. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:219-230, 1986.
 
80) Martin DS, Stolfi RL, Sawyer RC, et al:Application of biochemical modulation with a therapeutically inactive modulating agent in clinical trials of cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Treat. Rep. 69:421-423, 1985.
PubMed
81) Rowinsky EK, Gilbert MR, McGuire WP, et al:Sequences of taxol and cisplatin:a phase I and fharmacologic study. J. Clin. Oncol. 9 (9) :1692-1703, 1991.
PubMed
82) Schellens JH, Ma J, Bruno R, et al:Pharmacokinetics of cisplatin and Taxotere (docetaxel) and WBC DNA-adduct formation of cisplatin in the sequence Taxotere/cisplatin and cisplatin/Taxotere in a Phase I/II study in solid tumor patients. Proc. ASCO 13:323, 1994.
 
83) Goodman SN:Have you ever meta-analysis you didn' t like? Ann. Intern. Med. 114:244-246, 1991.
PubMed
84) Glass G:Primary, secondary and meta-analysis of research. Educational Research. 5:3-9, 1976.
 
85) Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Collaborative Group:Chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer:a meta-analysis using updated data on individual patients from 52 randomised clinical trials. BMJ 311:899-909, 1995.
 
86) Simon R:Randomized clinical trials in oncology. Principles and obstacles. Cancer 74 (9Suppl.) :2614-2619, 1994.
 
87) Hennekens CH, Buring JE, Manson JE, et al:Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 334:1145-1149, 1996.
PubMed
88) Omenn GS, Goodman GE, Thornquist MD, et al:Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin a on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 334:1150-1155, 1996.
PubMed
89) Fornasiero A, Daniele O, Ghiotto C, et al:Chemotherapy of invasive thymoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1419-1423, 1990.
PubMed
90) Loehrer PJ, Kim K-M, Aisner SC, et al:Cisplatin plus doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide in metastatic or recurrent thymoma:final results of an intergroup trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1164-1168, 1994.
 
91) Makuch RW, Simon R:Sample size considerations for nonrandomized comparative studies. J. Chronic Dis. 33:171-175, 1980.
 
92) Laupacis A, Connolly SJ, Gent M, et al:How Should Results from Completed Studies Influence Ongoing Clinical Trials? Ann. Intern. Med. 115:818-822, 1991.
PubMed
93) Dillman RO, Seagren SL, Propert KJ, et al:A Randomized trial of induction chemotherapy plus high-dose radiation versus radiation alone in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 323:940-945, 1990.
PubMed
94) Sause WT, Scott C, Taylor S:Radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) 88-08 and eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) 4588:Preliminary results of a phase III trial in regionally advanced, unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87:198-205, 1995.
 

21. がん治療におけるインフォームドコンセント

P.410 掲載の参考文献
1) Beecher HK:Ethics and clinical research. N. Engl. J. Med. 274:1354-1360, 1966.
PubMed
2) Goldberg RJ:Disclosure of information to adult cancer patients:Issues and update. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:948-955, 1984
PubMed
3) Appelbaum PS, Lidz CW, Meisel A:杉山弘行訳, インフォームド・コンセント. 文光堂, 東京, 1994.
 
4) Faden, R R, Beauchamp, T L:A History and theory of informed consent, Oxford University Press, Inc., N. Y. 1986. (この日本語訳は酒井忠昭, 秦浄一訳:インフォームド・コンセントー患者 の選択, みすず書房, 1994)
 
5) Pocok, SJ:コントローラー委員会監訳, クリニカルトライアル. 原出版, 東京, 1989.
 
6) 砂原茂一:臨床医学研究序説. 方法論と倫理医学書院, 東京, 1988.
 
7) 田沢公樹, 中島宏昭, 石原潤一・他:わが国の肺癌化学療法におけるinformed consent全国アンケート調査. J. Jpn. Soc. Cancer. Ther. 21:2454-2459, 1986.
 
8) 篠田雅幸, 江口研二, 大田恵一朗・他:癌臨床試験でのインフォームドコンセントに対する医師の認識度のアンケート調査. 日本癌学会総会記事, 1994, p 633.
 
9) 久保昭仁, 中川和彦, 宮本裕介・他:肺癌患者におけるinformed consent:大阪市立羽曳野病院第2内科における現状. J. Jpn. Soc. Cancer. Ther. 30:664-679, 1995.
 
10) The Neuremberg Code, Ethics in Medicine:Historical perspectives and comtemporary concerns. Reiser SJ, Dyck AJ, Curren WJ. (eds.) M. I. T. Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1977, pp. 272-273.
 
11) Declaration of Helsinki:Recommendations guiding medical doctors in biochemical research involving human subjects. (この日本語訳は, 光石忠敬訳, ヘルシンキ宣言<世界医師会総会, ヘルシンキ1964, 東京1975, ベニス1983, ホンコン1989改訂版>臨床評価22:289-291, 1994)
 
12) The Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) , Interntional ethical guidellines for biomedical research involving human subjects, Geneva, 1993. (この日本語訳は, 光石忠敬訳, 国際医科学評議会 (世界保健機関協力) , 被験者に対する生物医学研究についての国際的倫理指針 (1993年ジュネーブ) . 臨床評価22:261-288, 1994)
 
13) The Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) , International guidelines for ethical review of epidemiological studies, Geneva, 1991. (この日本語訳は, 光石忠敬訳, 国際医科学評議会, 疫学研究の倫理審査のための国際的指針 (1991年ジュネーブ) , 臨床評価20:563-578, 1992)
 
14) President's Commission for the study of ethical problems in medicine at biochemical and behavioral research:Final report on studies of the ethical and legal problems in medicine and biomedical and behavioral research-summing up-, 1993. (この日本語訳は, 医務局医事課監訳, 牛場大蔵ほか訳:アメリカ大統領委員会, 生命倫理総括レポート, 篠原出版, 1984年)
 
15) 加藤尚武:環境倫理学のすすめ (丸善ライブラリー032) 丸善, 東京, 1991, pp. 1-226.
 
16) 日本医師会生命倫理懇談会報告. 「説明と同意」についての報告. 日本医事新報3430:109-112, 3431:112-113, 3432:118-119, 1990 年1月, 2月.
 
17) 星野一正:医療の倫理 (岩波新書201) . 岩波書店, 東京, 1991年.
 
18) 光石忠敬:共同作業への参加の証としてのインフォームド・コンセント. 臨床評価 16:569-580, 1988.
 
19) GCPハンドブック:医薬品の臨床試験の実施に関する基準, 厚生省薬務局審査第一課監修, 薬業時報社, 東京, 1990.
 
20) 抗悪性腫瘍薬臨床評価ガイドライン:日本抗生物質学術協議会編, 株式会社ミクス. 東京, 1991年 7月.
 
21) International conference on harmonization of technical requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use-Guideline for good clinical practice-ICH Expert working group, ICH Steering Committee IFPMA, Geneva May, 1995. (この日本語訳は, 臨床評価 23:369-484, 1995)
 
22) 末桝恵一:厚生省がん研究助成金による「固形がんの集学的治療の研究」班における臨床試験計画 (プロトコール) . 癌の臨床 34:7-12, 1988.
 
23) 下山正徳・他:厚生省がん研究助成金, 指定研究. 固形がんの集学的治療の研究班における臨床試験計画 (プロトコール) の作成と実施, 並びに結果の統計解析とその評価に関するガイドライン. 癌の臨床 42:197-229, 1996.
 
24) OPRR Protecting Human Research Subjects, Institutional Review Board Guidebook. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institute of Health, 1993.
 
25) 下山正徳:抗悪性腫瘍薬臨床評価方法に関するガイドライン解説. 新薬臨床評価ガイドライン 1994, 日本公定書協会編. 薬業日報社, 東京, 358-377, 1994.
 
26) 島田安博:進行胃癌グループのプロトコール研究におけるICの実態. 垣添忠生, 下山正徳監修, 薬物療法を主体とする固形癌の集学的治療の臨床試験研究. 協和企画通信, 東京, 1991年.
 
27) 厚生省:ICの在り方に関する検討会報告, 中央法規出版, 東京, 1995年.
 
28) 内藤周幸, 光石忠敬:医学実験, 無作為化臨床試験の論理と倫理. 篠原出版, 東京, 1987.
 
29) Leventhal BG, Wittes RE, Research methods in clinical oncology. Raven Press, New York, 1988.
 
30) 浜島信之:無作為化割付臨床試験. 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1993.
 
31) 小島大輔:癌の告知について. 日医大誌 58:39-49, 1991.
 
32) 佐藤郁世, 田沢公樹, 深浦麻人・他:癌告知に関する意識調査-外来患者に対するアンケート調査-. J. Jpn. Soc. Cancer Ther. 29:1677-1685, 1994.
 
33) 小林国彦, 川崎千佳, 矢島千歳・他:肺癌患者における告知状況の解析. J. Jpn. Soc. Cancer Ther. 29:1001-1009, 1994.
 
34) 日本消化器病学会倫理委員会:医の倫理に関するアンケート調査結果の報告. 日消誌90:2775-2794, 1993.
 
35) 松栄達郎, 清水美登里, 吉田博子・他:がん死亡者の告知, 生活の質, 説明と同意. 厚生の指標40:19-27, 1993.
 
36) 毎日新聞世論調査部:第10回「がん」に関する全国世論調査報告書. 1990年12月.
 
37) Lind SE, Good MJD, Seidel S, et al:Telling the diagnosis of cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:583-589, 1989.
 
38) Dunn SM, Patterson PU, Butow PN, et al:Cancer by another name:a randomized trial of the effects of euphemism and uncertainity in communicating with cancer patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:989-996, 1993.
 
39) Thomson OO, Wulfe HR, Martin A, et al:What do gastroenterologists in Europe tell cancer patients? Lancet 341:473-476, 1993.
 
40) Sardell AN, Trierweiler SJ:Disclosing the cancer diagnosis procedures that influence patient hopefulness. Cancer 72:3355-3365, 1993.
PubMed
41) Miyaji NT:The power of compassion:truth-telling among American doctors in the care of dying patients. Soc. Sci. Med. 36:249-264, 1993.
PubMed
42) Kemp N, Skinner E, Toms J:Randomized clinical trials of cancer treatment-a public opinion survey. Clin. Oncol. 10:155-161, 1984.
PubMed
43) Maslin A:A survey of the opinion on informed consnet of women currently involved in clinical trials within a breast unit. Eur. J. Cancer. Care. 3:153-162, 1994.
 
44) Mackillop WJ, Palmer MJ, O'Sullivan B, et al:Clinical trials in cancer:the role of surrogate patients in defining what constitutes an ethically acceptable clinical experiment. Br. J. Cancer 59:388-395, 1989.
PubMed
45) Penman DT, Holland JC, Bahna GF, et al:Informed consent for investigational chemotherapy:patients' and physicians' perceptions. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:849-855, 1984.
PubMed
46) 江口研二, 兵頭一之介, 渡辺亨・他:がん治療におけるインフォームドコンセントの在り方とそれに関連する諸問題の検討. 厚生省がん研究助成金による研究報告集. 279-282, 国立がんセンター編1995年10月.
 
47) Turner SL, Maher EJ:Information and choice in decisions about cancer treatment. Br. Med. J. 309:955, 1994.
 
48) Zelen M:A new design for randomized clinical trials. N. Engl. J. Med. 300:1242-1245, 1979.
PubMed
49) Schafer A:The ethics of the randomized clinical trial. New Engl. J. Med. 307:719-724, 1982.
PubMed
50) Ellemberg SS:Randomization designs in comparative clinical trials. N. Engl. J. Med. 310:1404-1408, 1984.
 
51) Hellman S, Hellman DS:Of mice but not men;problems of the randomized clinical trial. N. Engl. J. Med. 324:1585-1589, 1991.
 
52) Passamani E:Clinical trials-are they ethical? N. Engl. J. Med. 324:1589-1591, 1991.
PubMed
53) 浜島信之:癌患者を対象とした市販後薬剤の無作為化比較試験 J. Jpn. Soc. Cancer Ther. 27:1701-1706, 1992.
 
54) Mackillop WJ, Ward GK, O'Sullivan B:The use of expert surrogates to evaluate clinical trials in non-small cell lung cancer. Br. J. Cancer 54:661-667. 1986.
PubMed
55) Taylor KM, Feldstein ML, Skeel RT, et al:Fundamental dilemmas of the randomized clinical trial process:results of a survey of the 1737 Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group investigators. J Clin. Oncol. 12:1796-1805, 1994.
 
56) Williams CJ, Zwitter M:Informed consent in european multicentre randomized clinical trialsare patients really informed? Eur. J. Cancer 30A:907-910, 1994.
PubMed
57) Tobias JS, Houghton J. Is informed consent essential for all chemotherapy studies? Eur. J. Cancer 30A:897-899, 1994
PubMed
58) Tobias JS, Souhami RL:Fully informed consent can be needlessly cruel. BMJ 307:1199-1201, 1993.
PubMed
59) Rodenhuis S, van den Heuvel WJ, Annyas AA, et al:Patient motivation and informed consent in a phase I study of an anticancer agent. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 20:457-462, 1984.
 
60) Dobbs NA, Twelves CJ, Ramirez AJ, et al:Patient acceptability and practical implications of pharmacokinetic studies in patients with advanced cancer. Eur. J. Cancer 29A:1707-1711, 1993.
PubMed
61) Kodish E, Stocking C, Ratain MJ, et al:Ethical issues in phase I oncology research:a comparison of investigators and institutional review board chairpersons. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1810-1816, 1992.
PubMed
62) Itoh K, Sasaki Y, Miyata Y, et al:Therapeutic response and potential pitfalls in phase I clinical trials of anticancer agents conducted in Japan. Cacner Chemother. Pharmacol. 34:451-454, 1994.
 
63) Ratain MJ, Mick R, Schilsky RL, et al:Statistical and ethical issues in the design and conduct of phase I and II clinical trials of new anticancer agents. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:1637-1643, 1993.
PubMed
64) Dougherty C, Ratain MJ, Grochowski E, et al:Perceptions of cancer patients and their physicians involved in phase I trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1062-1072, 1995.
 
65) Tomamichel M, Sessa C, Herzig S, et al:Informed consent for phase I studies:evaluation of quantity and quality of information provide to patients. Ann. Oncol. 6:363-369, 1995.
PubMed
66) Taylor KM, Kelner M:Informed consent:the physicians' perspective. Soc. Sci. Med. 24:135-143, 1987.
PubMed
67) Simes RJ, Tattersall MHN, Coates AS, et al:Randomized comparison of procedures for obtaining informed consent in clinical trials of treatment of cancer. BMJ 293:1065-1068, 1986.
 
68) Jensen AB, Madsen B, Andersen P, et al:Information for cancer patients entering a clinical trial-an evaluation of an information strategy. Eur. J. Cancer 29A:2235-2238, 1993.
PubMed
69) Cassileth BR, Zupkis RV, Sutton-Smith K, et al:Informed consent-Why are its goals imperfectly realized? N. Engl. J. Med. 302:896-900, 1980.
PubMed
70) Grossman SA, et al:Are informed consent forms that describe clinical oncology research protocols readable by most patients and their families? J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2211-2215, 1994.
PubMed
71) Olver IN, Turrell SJ, Olszewski NA, et al:The impact of a full disclosure information and consent form on patients receiving standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. Proc. ASCO 13:1471, 1994.
 
72) Reynolds PM, Snson-fisher RW, Poole AD, et al:Cancer and communication:information-giving in an oncology clinic. BMJ 282:1449-1451, 1981.
 
73) Tattersall MHN, Butow PN, Griffin AM, et al:The take-home message:patients prefer consultation audiotapes to summary letters. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1305-1311, 1994.
 
74) 芳賀敏彦:がんの治療と研究. メヂカルヒューマニテイ3:15-21, 1988.
 

22. 新抗がん剤

P.432 掲載の参考文献
1) 西條長宏:癌化学療法の変貌 b. わが国における medical oncology. Current review 癌化学療法 1993-1994. (鶴尾 隆, 西條長宏編) . 中外医学社, 東京, 1993, pp. 4-10.
 
2) DeVita VT Jr:Principles of chemotherapy In Cancer:Principles & Practice of Oncology. (edited by DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) . 2nd Ed, JB Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, 1985, pp. 257-285.
 
3) Grever MR, Chabner BA:Cancer drug discovery and development. In Cancer:Principles & Practice of Oncology. (edited by DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) . 4th Ed, JB Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, 1993, pp328-340.
 
4) Wani MC, Taylor HL, Wall ME, et al:Plant antitumor agents VI. The isolation and structure of taxol, a novel antileukemic and antitumor agent from taxus brevifolia. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 93:2325-2327, 1971.
PubMed
5) National Cancer Institute:Clinical Brochure:Taxol (NSC 125973) . Bethesda, Md:Division of Cancer Treatment, NCI, September 1983, pp. 6-12.
 
6) Rowinsky EK, Cazenave LA, Donehower RC:Taxol:A novel investigational antimicrotubule agent. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:1247-1259, 1990.
PubMed
7) Legha SS, Tenney DM, Krakoff IR, et al:Phase I study of Taxol using a 5-day intermittent schedule. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:762-766, 1986.
PubMed
8) Grem JL, Tutsch KD, Simon KJ, et al:Phase I study of Taxol administered as a short IV infusion daily for 5 days. Cancer Treat. Rep. 71:1179-1184, 1987.
 
9) Donehower RC, Rowinsky EK, Grochow LB, et al:Phase I trial of Taxol in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Treat. Rep. 71:1171-1177, 1987.
PubMed
10) Wiernick PH, Schwartz EL, Strauman JJ, et al:Phase I clinical and pharmacokinetic study of Taxol. Cancer Res. 47:2486-2493, 1987.
 
11) Kris MG, O'Connell Jp, Gralla RJ, et al:Phase I trial of Taxol given as a 3-hour infusion every 21days. Cancer Treat. Pep. 70:605-607, 1986.
 
12) Brown T, Havlin K, Weiss G, et al:A phase I trial of Taxol given by a 6-hour intravenous infusion. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1261-1267, 1991.
 
13) Ohnuma T, Zimet AS, Coffey VA, et al:Phase I study of Taxol in a 24-hour infusion schedule (abst) . Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 26:167, 1985.
 
14) Wilson WH, Berg SL, Bryant G, et al:Paclitaxel in doxorubicin-refractory or mitoxantrone-refractory breast cancer:A phase I/II trial of 96-hour infusion. J Clin. Oncol. 12:1621-1629, 1994.
PubMed
15) Spriggs DR, Tondini C:Taxol administered as a 120 hour infusion. Invest. New Drugs 10:275-278, 1992.
PubMed
16) Wiernick PH, Schwartz EL, Einzig A, et al:Phase I trial of taxol given as a 24-hour infusion every 21 days:Response observed in metastatic melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1232-1239, 1987.
 
17) Rowinsky EK, Burke PH, Karp JE, et al:Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of Taxol in refractory acute leukemias. Cancer Res. 49:4640-4647, 1989.
 
18) Schiller JH, Storer B, Tutsch K, et al:Phase I trial of 3-hour infusion of paclitaxel with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with advanced cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:241-248, 1994.
 
19) Sarosy G, Kohn E, Stone DA, et al:Phase I study of Taxol and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with refractory ovarian cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1165-1170, 1992.
PubMed
20) Ohatsu T, Sasaki Y, Tamura T, et al:Clinical Pharmacokinetics and phar-macodynamics of paclitaxel:A 3-hour infusion versus a 24 hour infusion. Clin. Cancer Res. 1:599-606, 1995.
 
21) Rowinsky EK:Pharmacology and metabolism. In Paclitaxel in Cancer Treatment. (edited by McGuire WP, Rowinsky EK) . 1st Ed, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1995, pp. 91-119.
 
22) McGuire WP, Rowinsky EK, Rosenshein NB, et al:Taxol:A unique antineoplastic agent with significant activity in advanced ovarian epithelial neoplasms. Ann. Intern. Med. 111:273-279, 1989.
PubMed
23) Thigpen JT, Blessing JA, Ball H, et al:Phase II trial of paclitaxel in patients with progressive ovarian carcinoma after platinum-based chemotherapy:a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1748-1753, 1994.
 
24) Einzig AI, Wiernik PH, Sasloff J, et al:Phase II study and long term follow-up of patients treated with taxol for advanced ovarian adenocarcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1748-1753, 1992.
PubMed
25) Kohn EC, Sarosy G, Bicher A, et al:Dose-intense taxol:High response rate in patients with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 86:18-24, 1994.
PubMed
26) Holmes FA, Walters RS, Theriault RL, et al:Phase II trial of taxol, an active drug in the treatrnent of metastatic breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:1797-1805, 1991.
 
27) Reichman BS, Seidman AD, Crown JPA, et al:Paclitaxel and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as initial chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1943-1951, 1993.
 
28) Chang A, Kim K, Glick J, et al:Phase II study of Taxol, merbarone, and piroxantrone in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer:The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group results. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:388-394, 1993.
PubMed
29) Murphy WK, Fossella FV, Winn RJ, et al:Phase II study of Taxol in patients with untreated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:384-388, 1993.
PubMed
30) Fischer DS, Knobf MT, Durivage HJ:The Cancer Chemotherapy 4 th Ed, Mosby-Year Book, St. Louis, 1993, 邦訳癌の化学療法ハンドブックー抗癌剤の使い方と副作用対策 (小川一誠, 堀越昇監修) , 医学書院, 東京, 1994, pp. 158-160.
 
31) McGuire WP, Hoskins WJ, Brady MF, et al:Taxol and cisplatin (TP) improves outcome in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) as compared to cytoxan and cisplatin (CP) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:275, 1995.
 
32) Piccart, MJ:Taxotere:A second generation taxoid compound. Educational Book (29 th Annual Meeting of ASCO) . 1993, pp. 25-32.
 
33) 田口鐵男, 古江 尚, 仁井谷久暢・他:新規抗癌剤 RP 56976 (Docetaxel) の第I相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:1997-2005, 1994.
Medical*Online
34) Ravdin PM, Valero V:Review of docetaxel (taxotere) , a highly active new agent for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Semin. Oncol. 22 (2, suppl 4) :17-21, 1995.
 
35) Fossella FV, Lee JS, Berille J, et al:Summary of phase II data of docetaxel (taxotere) , an active agent in the first-and second-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Semin. Oncol. 22 (2, suppl 4) :22-29, 1995.
 
36) Kaye SB:Docetaxel (Taxotere) in the treatment of solid tumors other than breast and lung cancer. Semin. Oncol. 22 (2, suppl 4) :30-33, 1995.
 
37) Oulid-Aissa D, Behar A, Spielmann M, et al:Management of fluid retention syndrome in patients treated with taxotere (docetaxel) :Effect of premedication. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:465, 1994.
 
38) Galindo E, Kavanagh J, Fossella F, et al:Docetaxel (taxotere) toxicities:Analysis of a single institute experience of 168 patients (623 courses) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:164, 1994.
 
39) 工藤翔二, 日野光紀, 藤田昭久・他:非小細胞肺癌に対する RP 56976 (Docetaxel) の後期第II相 臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:2617-2623, 1994.
Medical*Online
40) 大疑泰亮, 渡辺古志郎, 古瀬清行・他:RP 56976 (Docetaxel) の非小細胞肺癌に対する後期第II相 臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 22:59-65, 1995.
 
41) 田口鐵男, 森昌造, 阿部力哉・他:進行・再発乳癌に対する RP 56976 (Docetaxel) の後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:2625-2632, 1994.
Medical*Online
42) 田口鐵男:消化器癌に対する RP 56976 (Docetaxel) 前期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:2431-2437, 1994.
Medical*Online
43) 野田起一郎, 寺島芳輝, 荻田幸雄・他:RP 56976 (Docetaxel) の卵巣癌, 子宮頸癌に対する前期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:2471-2477, 1994.
Medical*Online
44) Pierre P:The synthesis of navelbine prototype of a new series of vinblastine derivatives. Semin. Oncol. 16 (2, suppl 4) :2-4, 1989.
 
45) Binet S, Fellous A, Lataste H, et al:In situ analysis of the action of navelbine on various types of microtubules using immunofluorescence. Semin. Oncol. 16 (2, suppl 4) :5-8, 1989.
 
46) Fellous A, Ohayon R, Vacassin T, et al:Biochemical effects of navelbine on tubulin and associated proteins. Semin. Oncol. 16 (2, suppl 4) :9-14, 1989.
 
47) Cros S, Wright M, Morimoto M, et al:Experimental antitumor activity of nabelbine. Semin Oncol. 16 (2, suppl 4) :15-20, 1989.
 
48) 仁井谷久暢, 古瀬清行, 福岡正博・他:新規ビンカアルカロイド誘導体 KW-2307 (Vinorelbine) の 臨床第I相試験. 癌と化学療法21:177-187, 1994.
 
49) 古瀬清行, 絹脇悦生, 本宮雅吉・他:未治療非小細胞肺癌患者を対象とする KW-2307 の後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:1941-1947, 1994.
Medical*Online
50) Depierre A, Lemarie, E, Dabouis, et al:Efficacy on nabelbine (NVB) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . Semin. Oncol. 16 (2. Suppl 4) :26-29, 1989.
 
51) 古瀬清行, 大田満夫, 福岡正博・他:肺癌を対象とする KW-2307 の早期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:785-793, 1994.
Medical*Online
52) Jassem J, Karnicka-Miodkowaska H, van Pottelsberghe C, et al:EORTC phase II study of navelbine in previously treated patients with small cell lung carcinoma. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 11:309, 1992.
 
53) 古瀬清行, 矢守貞昭, 根来俊一・他:非小細胞肺癌を対象に, KW-2307 とvindesineを比較する後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 22:67-76, 1995.
Medical*Online
54) 冨永 健, 野村擁夫, 安達 勇・他:KW-2307 の進行・再発乳癌に対する後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:809-816, 1994.
 
55) 山本益也, 有吉 寛, 長谷川浩一・他:非小細胞肺癌患者を対象として cisplatin と併用投与するKW-2307の第I相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:993-999, 1994.
Medical*Online
56) Chevalier TL, Pujol JLL, Douillard JY, et al:A three-arm trial of vinorelbine (Navelbine) plus cisplatin, vindesine plus cisplatin, and single-agant vinorelbine in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer:An expanded analysis. Semin. Oncol. 21 (5, suppl 10) :28-34, 1994.
 
57) Sinha BK:Topoisomerase inhibitors. A review of their therapeutic potential in cancer. Drugs 49:11-19, 1995.
PubMed
58) Wall ME, Wani MC, Cook CE, et al:Plant antitumor agent I. The isolation and structure of camptothecin, a novel alkaloidal leukemia and tumor inhibitor from Camptotheca acuminata. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88:3888-3890, 1966.
 
59) Gallo RC, Whang-Peng J, Adamson RH:Studies on the antitumor activity, mechanism of action and the cell cycle effects of camptothecin. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 46:789-795, 1971.
PubMed
60) Li LH, Fraster TJ, Olin EJ:Action of camptothecin on mammalian cells in culture. Cancer Res 32:2643-2650, 1972.
 
61) Gottlied JA, Guarino AM, Call JB:Preliminary pharmacologic and clinical evaluation of camptothecin sodium (NSC-100880). Cancer Chemother. Rep. 54:461-470, 1970.
 
62) Muggia FM, Creaven PJ, Hansen HH, et al:Phase I clinical trial of weekly and daily treatment with camptothecin (NSC 100880) :Correlation with preclinical studies. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 56:515-521, 1972.
PubMed
63) Schaeppi V, Fleischman R, Cooney DA:Toxicity of camptothecin (NSC 100880) . Cancer Chemother. Rep. 5 (part 3) :25-36, 1974.
 
64) Kunimoto T, Nitta K, Tanaka T, et al:Antitumor activity of 7-ethyl-10-[4-(piperidino-1-piperinido] carbonyloxyl-camptothecin, novel water-solubule derivative of camptothecin, against murine tumors. Cancer Res. 47:5944-5948, 1987.
 
65) 王 毅, 井上雄弘, 柴田はるみ・他:Subrenal capsule assay による新カンプトテシン誘導体, CPT-11 の前臨床評価. 癌と化学療法 14:1264-1267, 1987.
Medical*Online
66) Kawato Y, Furuta T, Aonuma M, et al:Antitumor activity of a camptothecin derivative, CPT-11, against human tumor xenografts in nude mice. Cancer Chemoter. Pharmacol. 28:192-198, 1991.
PubMed
67) Tsuruo T, Matsuzaki T, Matsushita M, et al:Antitumor effect of CPT-11, a new derivative of camptothecin, against pleiotropic dru-resistant tumors in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 21:71-74, 1988.
 
68) Kaneda N, Nagata H, Furuta T, et al:Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of the camptothecin analogue CPT-11 in the mouse. Cancer Res. 50:1715-1720, 1990.
PubMed
69) Kawato Y, Aonuma M, Hirota Y, et al:Intracellular roles of SN-38, a metabolite of the camptothecin derivative CPT-11, in the antitumor effect of CPT-11. Cancer Res. 51:4187-4191, 1991.
PubMed
70) 田口鐵男, 湧井昭, 長谷川浩一・他:CPT-11の第I相試験. 癌と化学療法 17:115-120, 1990.
 
71) 福岡 正博, 根来俊一, 仁井谷久暢・他:原発性肺癌に対するCPT-11週1回投与の臨床第I相試験. 癌と化学療法 17:993-997, 1990.
Medical*Online
72) Armand JP, Ducreux M, Mahjoubi M, et al:CPT-11 (irinotecan) in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Eur. J. Cancer 31A:1283-1287, 1995.
PubMed
73) Negoro S, Fukuoka M, Masuda N, et al:Phase I study of weekly intravenous infusions of CPT-11, a new derivative of camptothecin, in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:1164-1168, 1991.
PubMed
74) Shinkai T, Arioka H, Kunikane, et al:Phase I clinical trial of irinotecan (CPT-11) , 7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino) -1-piperinido]carbonyloxyl-camptothecin, and cisplatin in combination with fixed dose of vindesine in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res. 54:2636-2642, 1994.
 
75) 新医薬品承認審査概要 (SBA) No. 1 (改訂版) 塩酸イリノテカン (カンプト注) (トポテシン注) 厚生省薬務局審査課 編.
 
76) Fukuoka M, Niitani H, Suzuki A, et al:A phase II study of CPT-11, a new derivative of camptothecin, for previously untreated non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:16-20, 1992.
 
77) Masuda N, Fukuoka M, Kusunoki Y, et al:CPT-11:a new derivative of camptothecin for the treatment of refractory or relapsed small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1225-1229, 1992.
PubMed
78) 竹内正七, 土橋一慶, 藤本征一郎・他:子宮頸癌および卵巣癌に対するCPT-11の後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 18:1681-1689, 1991
Medical*Online
79) 二つ木浩一, 湧井昭, 中尾功・他:再発・進行胃癌に対する塩酸イリノテカン (CPT-11) の後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:1033-1038, 1994.
 
80) Shimada Y, Yoshida M, Wakui A, et al:Phase II study of CPT-11, a new camptothecin derivative, in metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:909-913, 1993.
 
81) 田口鐵男, 冨永 健, 小川一誠・他:再発・進行乳癌に対する CPT-11 (塩酸イリノテカン) の後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法 21:1017-1024, 1994.
Medical*Online
82) 池田重雄:有刺細胞癌および悪性黒色腫に対する塩酸イリノテカン (CPT-11) の後期第II相臨床試験 Skin Cancer 7:382, 1992
 
83) Ohno R, Okada K, Masaoka T, et al:An early phase II study of CPT-11:a new derivative of camptothecin, for the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1907-1910, 1990.
PubMed
84) 太田和雄, 大野竜三, 白川 茂・他:悪性リンパ腫・急性白血病に対する塩酸イリノテカン (CPT-11) の後期第II相臨床試験. 癌と化学療法21:1047-1055, 1994.
 
85) Ohe Y, Sasaki Y, Shinkai T, et al:Phase I study and pharmacokinetics of CPT-11 with 5-day continuous infusion. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 84:972-974, 1992.
PubMed
86) Sasaki Y, Morita M, Miya T, et al:Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) analysis of CPT-11 and its active metabolite SN-38. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 11:111, 1992.
 
87) Nakagawa K, Fukuoka M, Niitani F, et al:Phase II study of irinotecan (CPT-11) and cisplatin in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:332, 1993.
 
88) Sasaki Y, Ohtsu A, Shimada Y, et al:Simultaneous administration of CPT-11 and fluorouracil:alteration of the pharmacokinetics of CPT-11 and SN-38 in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:1096-1098, 1994
PubMed
89) Kingsbury WD, Boehm JC, Jakas DR, et al:Synthesis of water-soluble (aminoalkyl) camptothecin analogues:Inhibition of topoisomerase I and antitumor activity. J. Med. Chem. 34:98-107, 1991.
PubMed
90) Burris HA III, Hanauske A-R, Johnson RK, et al:Activity of topotecan, a new topoisomerase I inhibitor, against human tumor colony-forming units in vitro. J Natl. Cancer Inst. 84:1816-1820, 1992.
 
91) Slichenmyer WJ, Rowinsky EK, Donehower RC, et al:The current status of camptothecin analogues as antitumor agents. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:271-279, 1993.
PubMed
92) Wall J, Burris H, Rodriguez G, et al:Phase I trial of topotecan (SK and F 104864) in patients with refractory solid tumors. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 10:98, 1991.
 
93) Rowinsky EK, Grochow LB, Hendricks CB, et al:Phase I and pharmacologic study of topotecan:A novel topoisomerase I inhibitor. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:647-656, 1992.
PubMed
94) Burris H, Fields S:Clinical update on the topoisomerase I inhibitors. Educational Book (31 st Annual Meeting of ASCO) , 1995, pp. 104-111.
 
95) Schiller JH, Kim K, Johnson D:Phase II study of topotecan in extensive stage small cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:330, 1994.
 
96) Ardizzoni A, Hansen H, Dombernowsky P, et al:Phase II study of topotecan in pretreated small cell lung cancer (SCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:330, 1994.
 
97) Tanabe K, Ikegami Y, Ishida R, et al:Inhibition of topoisomerase II by antitumor agents bis (2, 6-dioxopiperazine) derivatives. Cancer Res. 51:4903-4908, 1991.
PubMed
98) Narita T, Yaguchi S, Komatsu T, et al:Antitumor activity of MST-16, a novel derivative of bis (2, 6-dioxopiperazine) , in murine tumor models. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 26:193-197, 1990.
PubMed
99) 古江 尚, 仁井谷久暢, 中尾 功・他:MST-16 (Sobuzoxane) のPhase I study. 癌と化学療法 17:1287-1294, 1990.
Medical*Online
100) 新医薬品承認審査概要 (SBA) No. 2ソブゾキサン [ペラゾリン細粒] 厚生省薬務局新医薬品課編
 
101) 富永信彦, 手島博文, 平岡 諦・他:悪性リンパ腫に対する MST-16 (Sobuzoxane) のearly phase II study. 癌と化学療法 18:2441-2446, 1991.
 
102) 正岡 徹, 陰山 克, 巽 典之・他:MST-16 (Sobuzoxane) の悪性リンパ腫に対する後期臨床 第II相試験. 癌と化学療法 19:339-347, 1992.
Medical*Online
103) Ohno R, Masaoka T, Shirakusa S, et al:Treatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma with MST-16, a new oral antitumor drug and a derivative of bis (2, 6-dioxopiperazine) . Cancer 71:2217-2221, 1993.
 
104) Heinemann V, Hertel LW, Grindey GB, et al:Comparison of the cellular pharmacokinetics and toxicity of 2', 2'-difluorodeoxycytidine and 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Cancer Res. 48:4024-4031, 1988.
 
105) Hertel LW, Broder GB, Croin JS, et al:Evaluation of the antitumor activity of gemcitabine (2', 2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) . Cancer Res. 50:4417-4422, 1990.
 
106) 松井 薫, 福岡正博:肺がんに対する新抗癌剤開発の現況:Ara-C類縁物質. 癌と化学療法19:2127-2132, 1992.
 
107) Carmichael J, Possinger K, Philip P, et al:Difluorodeoxycytidine (gemcitabine) :A phase II study in patients with advanced breast cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:64, 1993.
 
108) Carmichael J, Fink U, Russell RCG, et al:Phase II study of gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:227, 1993.
 
109) Lund B, Hansen OP, Theilade K, et al:Phase II study of gemcitabine in previously platinum treated ovarian cancer (OC) patients (pts) . An update. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:262, 1993.
 
110) Millward MJ, Rischin D, Toner GC, et al:Activity of gemcitabine in ovarian cancer patients resistant to paclitaxel. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:277, 1995.
 
111) Shepherd FA, Gatzemeier U, Gotfried M, et al:An extended phase II study of gemcitabine in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:330, 1993.
 
112) Abratt RP, Bezwoda WR, Falkson G, et al:Efficacy and safety profile of gemcitabine in non-small cell lung cancer-a phase II study. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1535-1540, 1994.
PubMed
113) Fossella FV, Lippman SM, Tarassoff P, et al:Phase I/II study of gemcitabine, an active agent for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . Proc. Am. Clin. Oncol. 14:371, 1995.
 
114) Negoro S, Fukuoka M, Kurita Y, et al:Results of phase II studies of gemcitabine in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . Proc. Am. Clin. Oncol. 13:367, 1994.
 
115) 田口鐵雄:代謝拮抗剤 1. フッ化ピリミジン系抗癌剤. 癌と化学療法 20:10-18, 1993.
 
116) 白坂哲彦, 木村禧代二:抗がん剤開発物語 第7回:代謝拮抗薬 (3) FT, UFT から S-1 までの開発理念. 癌治療と宿主 6:82-93, 1994
 
117) Taguchi T, S-1 Clinical Study Group:Phase I study of S-1 in advanced cancer patients. Can. J. Infect. Dis. 6 (suppl C) :439 C, 1995.
 
118) Jackman AL, Taylor GA, Gibson W, et al:ICI D 1694, a quinazoline antifolate thymidylate synthase inhibitor that is a potent inhibitor of L 1210 tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo:a new agent for clinical study. Cancer Res. 51:5579-5586, 1991.
 
119) Stephens TC, Valcaccia BE, Sheader ML, et al:The thymidylate synthase inhibitor ICI D 1694 is superior to cb 3717, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methotrexate (mtx) against a panel of human tumor xenografts. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res.:32:328, 1991.
 
120) Sorensen JM, Jordan E, Grem JL, et al:Phase I trial of D 1694, a pure thymidylate synthase inhibitor. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:158, 1993.
 
121) Judson I, Clarke S, Ward J, et al:Pharmacokinetics (PK) of ICI D 1694 following a 15 minute infusion in patients with advanced cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 11:117, 1992.
 
122) Cunningham D, Zalcberg J, Francois E, et al:Tomudex (ZD 1694) A new thymidylate synthase inhibitor with good antitumor activity in colorectal cancer (ACC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:199, 1994.
 
123) Pazdur R, Casper E, Meropol N, et al:Tomidex (ZD 1694) in patients (pts) with advanced pancreatic cancer:results of phase II trial. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:207, 1994.
 
124) Erlichman C:Development of new thymidylate synthase inhibitors. Educational Book (31 st Annual Meeting of ASCO) , 1995, pp 98-101.
 
125) Chun HG, leyland-Jones B, Caryk SM, et al:Central nervous system toxicity of fludarabine phosphate. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:1225-1228, 1986.
PubMed
126) Leyland-Jones B, Chun HG, Grem JL, et al.:Investigational new agents. In Cancer Chemotherapy-Principles & Practic-(edited by Chabner B and Collins JM) . JB Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, 1990, pp. 491-530.
 
127) 有吉 寛:誘導体開発から. Oncologia 23:43-51, 1990.
 
128) 太田和雄, 涌井 昭, 馬島 尚・他:新白金錯体化合物254-S:Cis-diammine (glycolate) -platinum (II) の臨床第I相試験. 癌と化学療法 19:855-861, 1992.
 
129) 新医薬品承認審査概要 (SBA) No. 7ネダプラチン [アクプラ静注用] 厚生省薬務局審査課 編.
 
130) SM-5887概要 (住友製薬株式会社 編) 第2版 (1995年) .
 
131) 井上雄弘, 小川一誠:新しいanthracycline系抗癌剤, SM-5887のphase I study. 癌と化学療法 15:1771-1776, 1986.
 
132) 井上雄弘, 小川一誠:SM-5887の5日間投与法による第I相研究. 癌と化学療法 19:477-482, 1992.
Medical*Online
133) Negoro S, Fukuoka M, Nakamura S, et al:Phase I-II study of amrubicin (SM-5887) , a npvel 9-amino-anthracycline, by iv administration for 3 consecutive days in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:361, 1995.
 
134) Arcamone F, Bernardi L, Giardino P, et al:Synthesis and antitumor activity of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin, 4-demethoxy-7, 9-diepidaunorubicin, and their βanomers. Cancer Treat. Rep. 60:829-834, 1976.
 
135) Casazza AM, Barbieri B, Fumagalli A, et al:Biologic activity of 4-demethoxy-13-dihydrodaunorubicin (4-dm-13-OH-DNR) . Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 24:251, 1983.
 
136) Ganzia F, Pacciarini MA, Pietro G:Idarubicin (4-demethoxy-daunorubicin) . A preliminary overview of preclinical and clinical studies. Invest. N. Drugs. 4:85-105, 1986.
 
137) Hayat M, Hurteloup P, Parmentier C, et al:Phase I trial of idarubicin (4-demethoxydaunorubicin) in adult acute leukemia. Invest. N. Drugs 2:375-379, 1984.
 
138) Sessa C, Tschopp L, Fopp M, et al:Phase I trial of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin in acute leukemias. Invest. N. Drugs 3:357-359, 1985.
 
139) Daghestani AN, Arlin ZA, Leyland-Jones B:Phase I and II clinical and pharmacological study of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (ldarubicin) in adult patients with acute leukemia. Cancer Res. 45:1408-1412, 1985.
 
140) 小川一誠, 正岡 徹, 山田一正・他:新しいanthracycline系抗癌剤idarubicinの急性白血病に対する phase I study. 癌の臨床37:1497-1504, 1991.
 
141) 小川一誠, 正岡 徹, 山田一正・他:新しいanthracycline系抗癌剤idarubicinの急性白血病に対する early phase II study. 癌と化学療法20:897-906, 1993.
 
142) Berman E, Heller G, Santorsa J, et al:Results of a randomized trial comparing idarubicin and cytosine arabinoside with daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside in adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia. Blood 77:1666-1674, 1991.
PubMed
143) Wiernik PH, Banks PLC, Case DC Jr, et al:Cytarabine plus idarubicin or daunorubicin as induction and consolidation therapy for previously untreated adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 79:313-319, 1992.
PubMed
144) Vogler WR, Velez-Garcia E, Weiner RS, et al:Aphase III trial comparing idarubicin and daunorubicin in combination with cytarabine in acute myelogenous leukemia:A Southeastern Cancer Study Group study. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1103-1111, 1992.
 
145) Breiman TR, Selonick SE, Collins SJ, et al:Induction of differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL 60) by retinoic acid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:2936-2940, 1980.
 
146) Huang ME, Wang ZY:Use of all-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 72:567-572, 1988.
PubMed
147) Castaigne S, Chomienne C:All-trans retinoic acid as a differentiation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 76:1704-1709, 1990.
PubMed
148) Narrel RP, Dmitrovsky E:Differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia with tretinoin. N. Engl. J. Med. 324:1385-1393, 1991.
 

23. 腫瘍診断学

P.458 掲載の参考文献
1) Shindler R:History of gastroscopy. In GASTROSCOPY (2nd ed.) . Hafner Publishing Company, New York, 1950, pp. 1-13.
 
2) Hirshowitz BI, Curtis LE, Peters CW, et al:Demonstration of a new gastroscope, the "fiberscope". Gastroenterology 35:50-53, 1958.
 
3) 吉田茂昭, 廣田映五:進行癌の発育経過からみた早期胃癌診断の再検討. Gastroenterol. Endosc. 22:1450-1453, 1980.
 
4) 吉田茂昭, 山口 肇, 斉藤大三:内視鏡の読み方-胃炎像の鑑別診断臨床消化器内科 12:1785-1792, 1988.
 
5) 渡辺七六・他:肉眼所見との対比からみた内視鏡診断-殊に慢性胃炎像との鑑別困難な早期胃癌について. 胃と腸 26:39-50, 1991.
 
6) Morson BC, Dawson IMP:The polyp-cancer sequence. In GASTRO-INTESTINAL PATHOLOGY. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London, 1972, pp. 542-547.
 
7) 工藤進英, 林俊一, 三浦宏二・他:平坦・陥凹型早期大腸癌の内視鏡診断と治療胃と腸 24:317-329, 1989.
 
8) 津田純郎, 八尾恒良, 松井敏幸・他:内視鏡, X線からみた表面型大腸腫瘍-肉眼分類の問題点-. 胃と腸 27:935-947, 1992.
 
9) 吉田 操, 室井正彦, 門馬久美子・他:食道m, sm癌の質的診断ならびに鑑別診断-内視鏡の立場から-. 胃と腸 25:1059-1066, 1990.
 
10) 吉田茂昭, 辻 靖, 斉藤大三・他:臨床経過からみた胃生検の問題点-陥凹性病変を中心に-. 胃と腸 25:959-969, 1990.
 
11) 吉田茂昭, 秋谷正彦, 山口 肇・他:胃の腺腫:私はこう取り扱う-高危険群の内視鏡像とその臨床的取り扱い. 胃と腸 22:693-700, 1987.
 
12) Uchino S, Noguchi M, Ochiai A, et al:p53 mutation in gastric cancer:a genetic model for carcinogenesis is common to gastric and colorectal cancer. Int. J. Cancer 54:759-764, 1993.
PubMed
13) 斉藤大三, 吉田茂昭, 小野裕之・他:遺伝子診断-早期診断と鑑別診断 (生検診断への応用) . 臨床医 21:54-59, 1995.
 
14) Ono H, Kondo H, Saito D, et al:Rapid diagnosis of gastric malignant lymphoma from biopsy specimens:detection of immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:813-817, 1993.
PubMed
15) Kondo H, Sugano K, Fukayama N, et al:Detection of point mutations in the K-ras Oncogene at codon 12 in pure pancreatic juice for diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer 73:1589-1594, 1994.
 
16) 工藤進英:5拡大電子スコープ, 早期大腸癌:平坦・陥凹型へのアプローチ. 医学書院, 東京, 1993, pp. 70-75.
 
17) 山口 肇, 吉田茂昭, 小黒八七郎:電子スコープと画像処理. 消化器内視鏡 1:445-451, 1989.
 
18) 吉田茂昭, 山口 肇, 勝 健一・他:TV内視鏡-電子内視鏡による計量診断臨床医 21:45-49, 1995.
 
19) 山口 肇, 吉田茂昭, 小黒八七郎:ステレオ電子内視鏡立体計測システム. 画像情報, 22:1323-1327, 1990.
 
20) 小田紀彦, 野波徹夫, 山口雅浩・他:単眼内視鏡を用いた被写体の表面形状推定. Medical Imaging Technology 11:399-400, 1993
 
21) 小野良祐, 別府和重, 平野裕志・他:肺癌の内視鏡放射線療法KARKINOS 6:949-955, 1993.
 
22) 土方 淳:超音波内視鏡検査, 放射線医学大系 特別巻4B 超音波診断II, 中山書店, 東京, 1988, pp. 212-216.
 
23) 吉本一哉, 恩田浩明, 小川 聡・他:超音波内視鏡による大腸癌の深達度診断. 消化器内視鏡の進歩 35:186-190, 1989.
 
24) 大村卓味, 土方 淳, 水口安則・他:胃外性圧排の内視鏡診断. 消化器内視鏡の進歩 40:183-188, 1992.
 
25) 吉本一哉, 岸 秀幸, 長谷川毅・他:大腸における粘膜下腫瘤および壁外病変の内視鏡下超音波診断能の検討. 消化器内視鏡の進歩 40:216-220, 1992.
 
26) Boku N, Yoshida S, Ohtsu A, et al:The differential diagnosis of malignant lymphoma and reactive lympho-reticular hyperplasia of the stomach using endoscopic ultrasonography. Digestive Endoscopy 2:163-169, 1994.
 
27) 土方 淳:超音波内視鏡による胃癌の診断. 東邦医学会雑誌 35:406-422, 1989.
Medical*Online
28) 安田健治朗, 宇野耕治, 田中聖人・他:超音波内視鏡による早期胃癌の鑑別 内視鏡治療を目的に. 胃と腸 27:1167-1174, 1992.
 
29) 木田光広, 今泉 弘, 西山和男・他:ラジアル型内視鏡用超音波プローブによる上部消化管疾患の診断. 消化器内視鏡 5:149-156, 1993
 
30) 石塚俊一郎, 掛村忠義, 片桐耕吾・他:バルーン・シースを用いた細径超音波プローブによる内視鏡的超音波断層法の基礎的および臨床的検討. 消化器内視鏡の進歩 45:78-82, 1994.
 
31) 高田洋孝, 小林博之, 掛村忠義・他:内視鏡的超音波断層法による深達度診断に及ぼす大腸粘膜ひだの影響. 消化器内視鏡の進歩 41:217-220, 1992.
 
32) 池田昌弘, 両角敦郎, 佐野主一・他:超音波内視鏡による肝・胆道系癌の診断消化器内視鏡 1:791-799, 1989.
 
33) 野口隆義, 秋山哲司, 播磨健三・他:内視鏡的超音波検査. 胆と膵 14:121-128, 1993.
 
34) 野田 裕, 藤田直孝, 小林 剛・他:超音波内視鏡による胆管癌の進展度診断. 胆と膵 15:1029-1035, 1994.
 
35) 有村文男, 松元 淳, 中塩一昭・他:超音波内視鏡による肝外胆管癌の進展度診断 Gastroenterol Endosc 34:1863-1870, 1992.
 
36) 遠藤正章, 森田隆幸, 羽田隆吉・他:超音波内視鏡による胆管癌の進展度診断-深達度, 水平浸潤, 他臓器浸潤の診断能の検討. Gastroenterol Endosc 33:243-256, 1991.
 
37) 一瀬雅典, 神津照雄, 浅野武秀・他:ラジアル型細経超音波プローブによる肝外胆管癌の進展度診断. 胃と腸 29:795-801, 1994.
 
38) 乾 和郎, 中澤三郎, 吉野純治・他:胆管内超音波検査による胆管癌の深達度診断胆と膵 15:1037-1041, 1994.
 
39) 安田健治朗, 宇野耕治, 田中聖人・他:膵癌診断における超音波内視鏡-ERCPと対比して-. 消化器内視鏡 3:863-871, 1991.
 
40) 三竹正弘, 内藤靖夫, 塚本純久・他:超音波内視鏡による膵癌の術前進展度診断. 胆と膵 12:625-631, 1991.
 
41) 真口宏介, 藤井常志, 西野徳之・他:超音波内視鏡による小膵癌診断消化器内視鏡 7:1119-1124, 1995.
 
42) 古川 剛, 内藤靖夫, 廣岡芳樹・他:細径超音波プローブによる新たなる展開. 消化器内視鏡 7:1127-1134, 1995.
 
43) Tajiri H, Kobayashi M, Niwa H, et al:Clinical application of an ultrathin pancreatoscope using a sequential video converter. Gastrointest Endosc. 39:371-374, 1993.
PubMed
44) 田尻久雄, 小林正彦, 丹羽寛文:経口的膵管内視鏡臨床消化器内科 10:144-148, 1995.
 
45) 須賀俊博, 宮川宏之, 長川達哉・他:経口的胆膵管鏡による膵疾患の診断. 消化器内視鏡 3:879-884, 1991.
 
46) 新井仁秀, 竜 崇正, 大津 淳・他:内視鏡的逆行性膵管造影下 CT (ERP-CT) による膵管分岐形態に関する検討 Gastroenterol Endosc 36:20-25, 1996.
 
P.471 掲載の参考文献
1) Fagan TJ:Nomogram for Bayes' theorem. N. Engl. J. Med. (letter) 293:257, 1975.
PubMed
2) Clinical Epidemiology. A basic science for clinical medicine, Sackett DL, Haynes RB, Guyatt GH, Tugwell, eds. 2nd ed. Little, Brown and company, Boston/Tronto/London, 1991, pp. 69-152.
 
3) Wehman RE, Nisula BC:Metabolic and renal clearance rates of purifed human chorionic gonadotropin. J. Clin. Invest. 68:184-194, 1981.
 
4) Houghton AN, Eisinger M, Albino AP, et al:Surface antigens of melanocytes and melanomas:Markers of melanocyte differentiation and melanoma subsets. J. Exp. Med. 156:1755-1766, 1982.
PubMed
5) Kramer BS, Gohagan J, Prorok P, et al:National Cancer Institute sponsored screening trial for prostatic, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancers. Cancer 71 (Suppl.) :589-593. 1993.
 
6) Hirai H, Nishi S, Watabe H, et al:Some chemical, experimental and clinical investigations on α-fetoprotein. In:Hirai. Miyaji T, eds. Alpha-fetoprotein and hepatoma. Gann Monogr. 1973, pp. 19-34.
 
7) Tang Z:Screening and early treatment of primary liver cancer with special reference to the east part of China. Ann. Med. Singapore 9:3-5, 1989.
 
8) Thomas P, Zamcheck N:Role of the liver in clearnce and excretion of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) . Dig. Dis. Sci. 28:216-224, 1983.
 
9) Gail MH, Nuenz L, McIntire KR, et al:Multiple markers for lung cancer diagnosis:Validation of models for localized lung cancer. JNCI 80:97-101, 1988.
 
10) Siddall JK, Shetty SD, Cooper EH:Measurements of serum gamma-seminoprotein and prostate specific antigen evaluated for monitoring carcinoma of the prostate. Clin. Chem. 32:2040-2043, 1986.
PubMed
11) Abelev GI, Perova SD, Khramokov NI, et al:Production of embryonal alphaglobulin by transplantable mouse hepatomas. Transplantation 1:174-180, 1963.
 
12) Toner GC, Geller NC, Tan C, et al:Serum tumor marker half-life during chemotherapy allows early prediction of complete response and survival in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Cancer Res. 50:5904-5910, 1990.
 
13) Lack EE, Neave C, Vawter GF:Hepatoblastoma:A clinical and pathologic study of 54 cases. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 6:693-705, 1982.
PubMed
14) 飯野四郎, 遠藤康夫:α-フェトプロテイン (AFP) . 日本臨牀 53:696-698, 1995.
Medical*Online
15) Cappac S, Newlands ES, Dent J, et al:Problems of interpretation of serum concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignant germ cell tumors. Br. J. Cancer 48:335-340, 1983.
 
16) Ruther U, Luthgens M, Bader H, et al:Human chorionic gonadopropin in patients with pure seminoma. J. Tumor Marker Oncol. 4:77-88, 1989.
 
17) Tabernero JM, Germa JR, Mora J, et al:Alpha-fetoprotein-concanavalin A binding as a marker to discriminate between germ cell tumors and liver diseases. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:81, 1995.
 
18) Waldman TA, McIntire KR:Serum alpha-phetoprotein levels in patients with ataxia-teleangiectasia. Lancet 2:1112-1115, 1972.
 
19) Belanger L, Belanger M, Prive L, et al:Tyrosinemie hereditaire et alpha-1-fetoproteine:I. interet clinique de l' alpha-fetoproteine dans la tyrosinemie hereditaire. Pathol. Biol. 21:449-455, 1973.
 
20) 古川みどり, 中西敏己, 奥田博明・他:肝細胞癌における PIVKA-IIのvitamin K感受性に関する検討. 日消誌 85:2583-2589, 1988.
 
21) Ruther U, Luthgens M, Bader H, et al:Human chorionic gonadotropin in patients with pure seminoma. J. Tumor Marker Oncol. 4:77-88, 1989.
 
22) Saller B, Clara R, Spottl G, et al:Testicular cancer secretes intact human choriogonadotropin (hCG) and its free β-subunit:evidence that hCG (+hCG-β) assays are the most reliable in diagnosing and follow-up. Clin. Chem. 362:234-239, 1990.
 
23) Bosl GJ, Geller NL, Cirrincione C, et al:Multivariate analysis of prognostic varialbes in patients with metastatic testicular cancer. Cancer Res. 43:3403-3407, 1983.
 
24) Nisselbaum JS, Bosl GJ, Golbey D, et al:Changes in serum alpha-fetoprotein and chorionic gonadotropin in response to cancer therapy. Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci. 14:178-188, 1984.
 
25) Muggia FM, Rosen SW, Weintraub BD, et al:Ectopic placental proteins in nontrophoblastic tumors. Serial measurement following chemotherapy. Cancer 36:1327-1337, 1975.
PubMed
26) Toner GC, Geller NL, Tan Claire, et al:Serum tumor marker half-life during chemotherapy allows early prediction of complete response and survival in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Cancer Res. 50:5904-5910, 1990.
 
27) Cole LA, Nam JH, Chambers JT, et al:Urinary gonadopropin fragment, a new tumor marker. II. Differentiating a benign from a malignant pelvic mass. Gynecol. Oncol. 36:391-394, 1990.
PubMed
28) Nishimura R, Ide K, Utsunomiya T, et al:Fragmentation of the β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin produced by choriocarcinoma. Endocrinology 123:420-425, 1988.
 
29) O'Connor JF, Schlatterer Jp, Birken S, et al:Development of highly sensitive immunoassays to measure human chorionic gonadotropin, its β-subunit, and β-core fragment in the urine:application to malignancies. Cancer Res. 48:1361-1366, 1988.
 
30) Yoshimura M, Nishimura R, Murotani A, et al:Assessment of urinary β-core fragment of human chorionic gonadotropin as a new tumor marker of lung cancer. Cancer 73:2745-2752, 1994.
 
31) Cole LA, Nam JH:Urinary gonadotropin fragment measurement in the diagnosis and management of ovarian cancer. Yale. J. Biol. Med. 62:362-378, 1989.
 
32) Bast RC Jr, Klug TL, St John E, et al:A radioimmunoassay using a monoclonal antibody to monitor the course of epithelial ovarian cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 309:883-887, 1983.
 
33) Davis HW, Zurawski VR, Bast RC, et al:Characterization of the CA125 antigen associated with epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Cancer Res. 46:6143-6148, 1986.
 
34) Kabawat SE, Bast RC Jr, Welch WR, et' al:Immunopathologic characterization of a monoclonal antibody that recognized common surface antigens of human ovarian tumors of serous, endometrioid and clear cell types. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 79:98-104, 1983.
 
35) NIH consensus development panel on ovarian cancer:Ovarian cancer, screening, treatment, and follow-up. JAMA 273:491-497, 1994.
 
36) 有吉寛, 桑原正喜, 葛谷和夫・他:CA125. 日本臨牀53 (増刊号) :706-709, 1995.
 
37) McIntire KR, Waldmann TA, Moertel CG, et al:Serum alpha-fetoprotein in patients with neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Cancer Res. 35:991-996, 1975.
PubMed
38) Kawahara M, Terasaki P, Chia P, et al:Use of four monoclonal antibodies to detect tumor markers. Cancer 58:2008-2012, 1986.
 
39) Purves LR, Branch WR, Geddes EW, et al:Serum alpha-fetoprotein VII. The range of apparent serum values in normal people, pregnant women and primary liver cancer high-risk populations. Cancer 31:578-587, 1973.
 
40) Niloff JM, Bast RC Jr, Schaetzl EM, et al:Predictive value of CA 125 antigen levels at second look procedures in ovarian cancer. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 151:982-986, 1985.
 
41) Bereck JS, Knapp RC, Malkasian GD, et al:CA 125 serum levels correlate with second look operations among ovarian cancer patients. Obstet. Gynecol. 67:685-689, 1986.
 
42) Gold P, Freedman SO:Demonstration of tumor-specific antigens in human colonic carcinoma by immunologic tolerance and absorption techniques. J. Exp. Med. 121:439-462, 1965.
PubMed
43) Coligan JE, Henkart PA, Todd CW, et al:Heterogeneity of the carcinoembryonic antigen. Immunochemistry 10:591-599, 1973.
PubMed
44) Thomas P, Toth CA, Saini KS, et al:The structure metabolism and function of the carcinembryonic antigen gene family. Biochem. Bioppys. Acta 1032:177-189, 1990.
 
45) Hass GM, Bolling TJ, Kinders JR, et al:Preparation of synthetic polypeptide domains of carcinoembryonic antigen and their use in epitope mapping. Cancer Res. 51:1876-1882, 1991.
 
46) Fletcher RH:Carcinoembryonic antigen. Ann. Intern. Med. 104:66-73, 1986.
PubMed
47) Myers RE, Sutherland DJ, Meakin JW, et al:Carcinoembryonic antigen in breast bancer. Cancer 42:1520-1526, 1978.
 
48) Sculier JP, Feld R, Evans WK, et al:Carcinoembryonic antigen:A useful prognostic marker in small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:1349-1354, 1985.
PubMed
49) Magnani JL, Steplewski Z, Koprowski H, et al:Identification of the gastro-intestinal and pancreatic cancer-associated antigen detected by monoclonal antibody 19-9 in the sera of patients as a mucin. Cancer Res. 43:5489-5492, 1983.
 
50) Heptner G, Domschke S, Domschke W:Comparison of CA 72. 4 eith CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen in the serodiagnostics of gastrointestinal malignancies. Scand. J. Gastronenterol. 24:745-750, 1989.
 
51) 小田桐恵美:CA19-9, 日本臨牀 (増刊号) 53:719-722, 1995.
 
52) Richter JM, Christensen MR, Rustgi AK, et al:The clinical utility of the CA 19-9 radioimmunoassay for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer presenting as pain or weight loss:a cost-effectiveness analysis. Arch. Intern. Med. 149:2292-2297, 1989.
PubMed
53) Pleskow DK, Berger HJ, Gyves J, et al:Evaluation of a serologic marker, CA 19-9, in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Ann. Intern. Med. 110:704-709, 1989.
 
54) Satake K, Kanazawa G, Kho I, et al:Evaluation of serum pancreatic enzymes, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen in various pancreatic diseases. Am. J. Gastroentrol 80:630-636, 1985.
 
55) 広田正毅, 福島喜代康, 平谷一人・他:嚢胞性線維症とびまん性汎細気管支炎の血清中CA19-9. 医学のあゆみ 143:789-790, 1987.
Medical*Online
56) Strom BL, Maislin G, West SL, et al:Serum CEA and CA 19-9:potential future diagnostic or screening tests for gallbladder cancer? Int. J. Cancer 45:821-824, 1990.
PubMed
57) Maeta M, Yoshioka H, Shimizu T, et al:Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in tissue and sera from patients with gastric cancer. Oncology 47:229-233, 1990.
PubMed
58) Richter JM, Christensen MR, Rustgi AK, et al:The clinical utility of the CA 19-9 radioimmunoassay for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer presenting as pain or weight loss:a cost-effectiveness analysis. Arch. Intern. Med. 149:2292-2297, 1989.
PubMed
59) Pleskow DK, Berger HJ, Gyves J, et al:Evaluation of a serologic marker, CA19-9, in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Ann. Intern. Med. 110:704-709, 1989.
PubMed
60) Kufe D, Inghirami G, Abe M, et al:Differential reactivity of a monoclonal antibody (DF3) with human malignant versus benign breast tumors. Hybridoma 3:223-232, 1984.
PubMed
61) Hayes DF, Zurawski VR, Jufe DW:Comparison of circulating CA15-3 and carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1542-1550, 1986.
 
62) 狩野賢二, 吉田凱宣, 遠藤治郎・他:シアリルTn抗原の健常人における分布. 第9回腫瘍マーカー研究会, 1989, pp. 89-91.
 
63) 小林 浩, 寺尾俊彦, 川島吉良:卵巣癌患者における後因子としての血清 Sialy Tn (STN) 値測 定の有用性. 日産婦誌 44:14-20, 1992.
 
64) 小林 浩, 寺尾俊彦, 川島吉良:上皮性卵巣癌患者の予後因子としての血清 Sialyl Tn 抗原. 癌と化学療法 18:1651-1655, 1991.
Medical*Online
65) Motoo Y, Kawakami H, Watanabe H, et al:Serum sialyl-Tn antigen levels in patients with digestive cancecrs. Oncology 48:321-326, 1991.
PubMed
66) 元雄良治, 澤武紀雄:膵胆道癌の進展度診断における腫瘍マーカーの意義. 肝胆膵 21:193-197, 1990.
 
67) Hirohashi S, Watanabe M, Shimosato Y, et al:Monoclonal antibody reactive with the sialyl-sugar residue of a high molecular weight glycoprotein in sera of cancer patients. Gann 75:485-488, 1984.
PubMed
68) Watanabe M, Hirohashi S, Shimosato Y, et al:Carbohydrate antigen defined by a monoclonal antiboy raised against a gastric cancer xenograft. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. (Gann) 76:43-52, 1985.
 
69) 大倉久直, 服部 信, 宮崎逸夫・他:各種癌・良性疾患患者血清による NCC-ST-439EIAキットの臨床的検討 (2) . 癌と化学療法 14:1907-1911, 1987.
Medical*Online
70) 大倉久直, 服部 信, 宮崎逸夫・他:各種癌・良性疾患患者血清によるNCC-ST-439EIAキットの臨床的検討 (1) . 癌と化学療法 14:1901-1906, 1987.
Medical*Online
71) 菅野康吉, 河合 忠, 石井 勝・他:サンドイッチRIAによる血清ErbB-2の臨床的検討. 癌と化学療法 21:1245-1253, 1994.
Medical*Online
72) Marangos PJ, Schmechel D, Parma AM, et al:Goodwin FK. Measurement of neuron-specific and non-neuronal isoenzymes of enolase in rat, monkey and human nervous tissue. J. Neurochem. 33:319-329, 1979.
PubMed
73) Schmechel D, Marangos PJ, Zis PA, et al:Brain enolases as specific markes of neuronal and glial cells. Science 199:313-315, 1978.
 
74) Carney DN, Marangos PJ, Ihde DC, et al:Serum neuron-specific enolase:a maker for disease extent and response to therapy of small-cell cancer. Lancet 1:583-585, 1982.
 
75) Ishigura Y, Kato K, Shimizu A, et al:High levels of immunoreactive nervous system-specific enolase in sera of patients with neuroblastoma. Clin. Chem. Acta 121:173-180, 1982.
 
76) Lippo KK, Terho T:Concomitant monitoring of serum neuron-specific enolase and creatinine kinase BB in small cell lung cancer. Acta Oncol. 30:321-324, 1990.
 
77) Harding M, McAlister J, Hulks G, et al:Neuron specific enolase (NSE) in small cell lung cancer:a tumor marker of prognostic significance? Br. J. Cancer 61:605-607, 1990.
 
78) Ariyoshi Y, Kato K, Sugiura T, et al:Therapeutic significance of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 5:23, 1986.
 
79) Nou E, Eteinholtz L, Bergh J, et al:Neuron-specific enolase as a follow-up marker in small cell bronchial carcinoma. Cancer 65:1380-1385, 1990.
 
80) Burghuber OC, Worofka B, Schernthaner G, et al:Serum neuron-specific enolase is a useful tumor marker for small cell lung cancer. Cancer 65:1386-1390, 1990.
PubMed
81) 河原正明, 古瀬清行, 荒井六郎・他:小細胞肺癌患者における血清 Neuron-specific Enolase 測定の意義-Carcinoembryonic antigen との対比-. 癌と化学療法 14:146-151, 1987.
Medical*Online
82) Shaw E, Klee G, Grill J, et al:Utility of the serum tumor marker neuron specific enolase (NSE) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:81, 1995.
 
83) Miyake Y, Kodama T, Yamaguchi K:Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (31-98) is a specific tumor marker in patients with small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer Res. 54:2136-2140, 1994.
 
84) 児玉哲郎, 阿部庄作, 山口建・他:ELISA 法による血清ProGRP測定の臨床的意義医学と薬学 32:87-97, 1994.
 
85) Kato H, Torigoe T:Radioimmunoassay for tumor antigen of human cervical spuamous cell carcinoma. Cancer 41:1621-1628, 1977.
 
86) Kato H, Morioka H, Aramaki S, et al:Radioimmunoassay for tumor antigen of human cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Cell. Mol. Biol. 25:51-56, 1979.
PubMed
87) Kato H, Morioka H, Tsutsui H, et al:Value of tumor antigen (TA-4) of squamous cell carcinoma in predicting the extent of cervical cancer. Cancer 50:1294-1296, 1982.
PubMed
88) Maruo T, Shibata K, Kimura A, et al:Tumor associated antigen, TA-4, in the monitoring of the effects of therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Cancer 56:302-308, 1985.
PubMed
89) Eibling DE, Johnson JT, Wagner RL, et al:SCC-RIA in the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Laryngoscope 99:117-124, 1989.
PubMed
90) Petrelli NJ, Shaw N, Bhargava A, et al:Squamous cell carcinoma antigen as a marker for squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal J. Clin. Oncol. 6:782-785, 1988.
PubMed
91) 沼 文隆, 竹島信宏, 武田 理・他:血中SCC抗原値が異常高値を示した乾癬患者の1例. 日癌治療会誌 28:84-89, 1993.
 
92) Molina R, Filella X, Torres MD, et al:SCC angtigen measured in malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Clin. Chem. 36:251-254, 1990.
 
93) 松原義人, 安田雄司, 塙 健・他:肺癌におけるSCC抗原. 日癌治療会誌 21:1036-1048, 1986.
 
94) Kato H, Morioka H, Aramaki S, et al:Prognostic significance of the tumor antigen TA-4 in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Cancer 56:302-308, 1985.
 
95) Van der Gaast A, Schoenmakers CHH, Kok TC, et al:Evaluation of a new tumour marker in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer:Cyfra 21. 1. Br. J. Cancer 69:525-528, 1994.
 
96) Takada M, Masuda N, Matsuura E, et al:Measurement of cytokeratin 19 fragments as a marker of lung cancer by CYFRA 21-1 enzyme immunoassay. Br. J. Cancer 71:160-165, 1995.
PubMed
97) Pujol JL, Grenier J, Daures Jp, et al:Serum fragment of cytokeratin subunit 19 measured by CYFRA 21-1. Immunoradiometric Assay as a marker of lung cancer. Cancer Res. 53:61-66, 1993.
 
98) Stamey TA, Yang N, Hay AR, et al:Prostate-specific antigen as a serum marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. N. Engl. J. Med. 317:906-916, 1987.
 
99) Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, et al:Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test fbr prostate cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 324:1156-1161, 1991.
 
100) Lange PH:The nest era for prostate cnacer. JAMA 269:95-96, 1993.
 
101) Osterling JE, Chan DW, Epstein JI, et al:Prostate specific antigen in the preoperative and postoperative evaluation of localized prostatic cancer treated with radical prostatectomy. J. Urol. 139:766-772, 1988.
 
102) Lange PH, Ercole CJ, Lightner DJ, et al:The value of serum prostate specific antigen determinations before and after radical prostatectomy. J. Urol. 141:873-879, 1989.
PubMed
103) Kabalin JN, Hodge KK, McNeal JE, et al:Identification of residual cancer in the prostate following radiation therapy:role of transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy and prostate specific antigen. J. Urol. 142:326-331, 1989.
PubMed
104) Ruckle HC, Klee GG, Oesterling JE:Prostate-specific antigen:Concepts for staging prostate cancer and monitoring response to therapy. Mayo Clin. Proc. 69:69-79, 1994.
PubMed
105) Lilja H, Cockett ATK, Abrahamsson PA:Prostate specific antigen predominantly forms a complex with alphal-antichymotrypson in blood. Cancer 70:230-234, 1992.
 
106) 川上圭子, 塚田敏彦, 中山年正:前立腺マーカーγ-Smの阻害反応についての解析. 臨床病理 40:245, 1992.
 
107) Demura T, Watarai Y, Togashi M, et al:Measurement of prostate specific antigen and γ-seminoprotein ratio:A new means of distinguishing benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. J. Urol. 150:1740-1745, 1993.
 
108) Seamonds B, Yang N, Anderson K, et al:Evaluation of prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase as prostate cancer markers. Urology 28:472-479, 1986.
PubMed
109) Kornek G, Schenk T, Raderer M, et al:Tissue polypeptide-specific antigen (TPS) in monitoring palliative treatment response of patients with gastrointestinal tumours. Br. J. Cancer 71:182-185, 1995.
PubMed
110) Schwartz MK:Cancer markers. In De Vita VT, Hollman S, Rosenberg SA. eds. Lippincott. Philadelphia. 3rd ed. 1993, pp. 531-542.
 
P.490 掲載の参考文献
1) Takano M:New computed radiography-Fuji Intelligent Dia-gnostic X-ray system. Journal of Medical Imagings 2:202-207, 1982.
 
2) Hachiya J, Koranaga T, Sakurai K, et al:New method of digital angio graphy. Japanese Journal of Clinical Radiology 27:705-710, 1982.
 
3) 川嶋 明, 西谷 弘, 梅津芳幸・他:喉頭領域の Dual-energy digital radiography. 臨床放射線 32 (5) :593-596, 1987.
 
4) 松永忠束, 佐藤 泰, 藤井雅彦・他:マンモグラフィ上の微細石灰化像の範囲と乳癌進展範囲および微細石灰化像の経時的変化. Nippon Acta Radiology 54:827-834, 1994.
 
5) 牛尾恭輔:大腸疾患診断の実際II, 腫瘍性疾患・消化管ポリポージス. 医学書院, 東京, 1988.
 
6) 冨永久信, 藤谷幹浩, 早川尚男・他:微小胃癌とびらんの鑑別診断. 胃と腸 30 (10) :1261-1278, 1995.
 
7) Joseph K. T. Lee, Stuart S. Robert J:Computed Body Tomography with MRI Correlation. Raven Press New York, 1989.
 
8) 森山紀之:血管造影下のCT (Angiographic CT=Angio-T) . 癌の臨床 26:1037-1040, 1980.
 
9) Matsui O:Dynamic sequential computed tomography duaring arterial portography in the detection of hepatic neoplasms. Radiology 146:721-727, 1983.
PubMed
10) 木村和衛, 古賀佑彦:ヘリカルスキャンの基礎と臨床. 医療科学社, 東京, 1993.
 
11) 片田和廣, 安野泰史, 辻岡勝美・他:ヘリカルCTスキャニング. Pharma Medica 9 (12) :11-18, 1992.
 
12) 市川太郎, 森山紀之, 高安賢一・他:Heli-cal scanningの上腹部への応用.
 
13) Moriyama N, Iwata R, Wakao F, et al:Helical computed tomography scanning of the thorax and abdomen. Jpn J. Clin. Oncol. 23:156-161, 1993.
PubMed
14) 佐竹光夫, 森山紀之:ヘリカルCTの実践的な活用法ならびにIVR-CTの臨床応用. 映像情報メディカル Special Edition 1:20-28, 1994.
 
15) Kramer D M (末広牧子訳) :水素以外の元素によるイメージング. NMRイメージング:148-165, 1982.
 
16) 杉村和朗:骨盤臓器のMRI診断. 医学書院, 東京, 1993.
 
17) Schenck JF, Hart HR Jr, Foster TH, et al:High resolution magnetic resonance imaging using surface coils, Magnetic Resonance Annual 1986, Ravan Press, New York, pp. 123-160, 1986.
 

24. 頭頸部がんと甲状腺がん

P.506 掲載の参考文献
1) Woods RL, Fox RM, Tattersall MHN:Methotrexate treatment of advanced head and neck cancers:A dose-response evaluation. Cancer Treat. Rep. 65:155-159, 1981.
 
2) Al-Sarraf M:Chemotherapeutic management of head and neck cancer. Cancer Metast. Rev. 6:181-198, 1987.
 
3) Veronesi A, Zagonel V, Tirelli U, et al:High-dose versus low-dose cisplatin in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma:A randomized study. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:1105-1108, 1985.
PubMed
4) Jacobs C, Lyman G, Velez-Garcia E, et al:A phase III randomized study comparing cisplatin and fluorouracil as single agents and in combination for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:257-263, 1992.
PubMed
5) Randolph VL, Vallejo AM, Spiro RH, et al:Combinaton therapy of advanced head and neck cancer:Induction of remissions with diamminedichloroplatinum (II) . bleomycin and radiation therapy. Cancer 41:460-467, 1978.
 
6) Dreyfuss AI, Clark JR, Wright JE, et al:Continuous-infusion high-dose leucovorin with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin for untreated stage IV carcinoma of the head and neck. Ann. Intern. Med. 112:167-172, 1990.
PubMed
7) Merlano M, Corvo R, Margarino G, et al:Combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy in advanced inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck:The final report of a randomized trial. Cancer 67:915-921, 1991.
PubMed
8) Gupta NK, Pointon RCS, Wilkinson PM:A randomized clinical trial to contract radiotherapy with radiotherapy and methotrexate given synchronously in head and neck cancer. Clin. Radiol. 38:575-581, 1987.
 
9) Eschwege F, Sancho-Garnier H, Gerard JP, et al:Ten-year results of randomized trial comparing radiotherapy and concomitant bleomycin to radiotherapy alone in epidermoid carcinomas of the oropharynx:Experience of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. NCI Monogr. 6:275-278, 1988.
PubMed
10) Al-Sarraf M, Pajak TF, Marcial VA, et al:Concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy with cisplatin in inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck:An RTOG study. Cancer 59:259-265, 1987.
PubMed
11) Jacobs C, Makuch R:Efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with resectable head and neck cancer:A subset analysis of the head and neck contracts program. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:838-847, 1990.
 
12) Ervin TJ, Clark JR, Weichselbaum RR, et al:An analysis of induction and adjuvant chemotherapy in the multidisciplinary treatment of squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:10-20, 1987.
PubMed
13) Laramore G, Scott CB, Al-Sarraf M, et al:Adjuvant chemothrapy for resectable squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck:Report on intergroup study 0034. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 23:705-713, 1992.
 
14) Spiro JD, Soo KC, Spiro RA:Squamous carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Am. J. Surg. 158:328-332, 1989.
 
15) Shaha Jp, Spiro RH, Shah Jp, et al:Squamous carcinoma of the floor of the mouth. Am. J. Surg. 148:455-461, 1984.
 
16) Mazeron J, Grimard L, Raynal M, et al:Iridium-192 curietherapy for T 1 and T 2 epidermoid carcinomas of the floor of mouth. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 18:1299-1306, 1990.
 
17) Decroix Y, Ghossein N:Experience of the Curie Institute in treatment of cancer of the mobile tongue:I. Treatment policies and result. Cancer 47:496-502, 1981.
PubMed
18) Ange D, Lindberg R, Guillamondegui O:Management of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue and floor of mouth after excisional biopsy. Radiology 116:143-146, 1975.
 
19) Evans JF, Shah Jp:Epidermoid carcinoma of the palate. Am. J. Surg. 142:451-455, 1981.
PubMed
20) Nair M, Sankaranarayanan R, Padmanabhan T:Evaluation of the role of radiotherapy in the management of carcinoma of the buccal mucosa. Cancer 61:1326-1331, 1988.
PubMed
21) Bloom N, Spiro RH:Carcinoma of the cheek mucosa:A retrospective analysis. Am. J. Surg. 140:556-559, 1980.
PubMed
22) Houssett M, Baillet F, Dessard-Diana B, et al:A retrospective study of three treatment techniques for T 1/T 2 base of tongue lesions:Surgery plus postoperative radiation, external radiation plus interstitial implantation and external radiation alone. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 13:511-516, 1987.
 
23) Meoz-Mendez R, Fletcher G, Guillamondegui O, et al:Analysis of the results of irradiation in the treatment of squamous cell carcinomas of the pharyngeal walls. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 4:579-585, 1978.
PubMed
24) Wang CC, Suit H, Bhitzer P:Twice-a-day radiation for supraglottic carcinoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 12:3-7, 1986.
 
25) Wang CC:Treatment of glottic carcinoma by megavoltage radiation therapy and results. Am. J. Roentgenol. Rad. Ther. Med. 120:157-163, 1974.
 
26) Mendenhall W, Parsons J, Stringer S:Stage T 3 squamous cell carcinoma of the glottic larynx:A comparison of laryngectomy and irradiation. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 23:725-732, 1992.
 
27) Terhaard C, Karim A, Hoogenraad S:Local control in T 3 laryngeal cancer treated with radical radiotherapy, time dose relationship:The concept of nominal standard dose and linear quadratic model. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 20:1207-1214, 1991.
 
28) Mendenhall W, Parsons J, Devine J:Squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform sinus treated with surgery and/or radiotherapy. Head Neck Surg. 10:88-92, 1987.
 
29) Armstrong J, Harrison L, Spiro R, et al:Malignant tumors of major salivary gland origin:A matched-pair analysis of the role of combined surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 116:290-293, 1990.
PubMed
30) Spiro R:Salivary neoplasms:Overview of 35-year experience with 2, 807 patients. Head Neck Surg. 8:177-184, 1986.
PubMed
31) Kim JH, Leeper RD:Treatment of locally advanced thyroid carcinoma with combination doxorubicin and radiation therapy. Cancer 60:2372-2375, 1987.
PubMed

25. 肺がん

P.521 掲載の参考文献
1) World Health Organaization:The World Health Organization histological typing of lung tumors. 2nd ed. Am J Clin Pathol. 77:123-136, 1982.
 
2) Hirsh FR, Osterlind K, Hansen HH:The prognostic significance of histopathologic subtyping of small cell carcinoma of the lung according to the classification of the World Health Organization:A study of 375 consecutive patients. Cancer 52:2144-2150, 1983.
 
3) Hirsh FR, Matthews MJ, Aisner S, et al:Histopathologic classification of small cell lung cancer:Changing concepts and terminology. Cancer 62:973-977, 1988.
 
4) Radice PA, Matthews MJ, Ihde DC, et al:The clinical behavior of"mixed" small cell/large cell bronchogenic carcinoma compared to"pure" small cell subtypes. Cancer 50:2894-2902, 1982.
PubMed
5) Sehested M, Hirsh FR, Osterlind K, et al:Morphologic variations of small cell lung cancer:A histopathologic study of pretreatment and posttreatment specimens in 104 patients. Cancer 57:804-807, 1985.
 
6) Mangum MD, Greco FA, Hainsworth JD, et al:Combined small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:607-612, 1989.
PubMed
7) Carney DN, Gazdar AF, Bepler G, et al:Establishment and identification of small cell lung cancer cell lines having classic and variant features. Cancer Res. 45:2913-2923, 1985.
PubMed
8) Gazder AF, Carney DN, Nau MM, et al:Characterization of variant subclasses of cell lines derived from small cell lung cancer having distinctive biochemical, morphological, and growth properties. Cancer Res. 45:2924-2930, 1985.
 
9) Cuttitta F, Carney DN, Mulshine J, et al:Bombesin-like peptides can function as autocrine growth factors in human small-cell lung cancer. Nature 316:823-826, 1985.
PubMed
10) Nakanishi Y, Mulshine JL, Kasprzyk PG, et al:Insulin-like growth factor-I can mediate autocrine proliferation of human small cell lung cancer cell lines in vitro. J. Clin. Invest. 82:354-359, 1988.
PubMed
11) Whang-Peng J, Kao-Shan CS, Lee EC, et al:A specific chromosome defect associated with human small-cell lung cancer:Deletion 3 p. Science 215:181-182, 1982.
 
12) Harbour JW, Lai SL, Whang-Peng J, et al:Abnormalities in structure and expression of the human retinoblastoma gene in small cell lung cancer. Science 241:353-357, 1988.
PubMed
13) Takahashi T, Nau MM, Chiba I, et al:P53:A frequent target for genetic abnormalities in lung cancer. Science 246:491-494, 1989.
PubMed
14) Viallet J, Ihde DC:Small cell carcinoma of the lung:Clinical and biologic aspects. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 11:109-135, 1991.
PubMed
15) Shepherd FA, Laskey J, Evans WK, et al:Cushing's syndrome associated with ectopic corticotropin production and small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:21-27, 1992.
PubMed
16) List AF, Hainsworth JD, Davis BW, et al:The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone in small cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1191-1198, 1986.
 
17) McEvoy KM, Winderbank AJ, Daube JR, et al:3, 4-Diaminopyridine in the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 321:1567-1571, 1989.
 
18) Anderson NE, Rosenblum MK, Graus F, et al:Autoantibodies in paraneoplastic syndromes associated with small-cell lung cancer. Neurology 38:1391-1398, 1988.
PubMed
19) Abrams J, Doyle LA, Aisner J:Staging, prognostic factors, and special considerations in small cell lung cancer. Semin. Oncol. 15:261-277, 1988.
PubMed
20) Griffin CA, Lu C, Fishman EK, et al:The role of computed tomography of the chest in the management of small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:1359-1365, 1984.
PubMed
21) Levenson RM, Sauerbrunn BJL, Ihde DC, et al:Small cell lung cancer:Radionuclide bone scans for assessment of tumor extent and response. AJR 137:31-35, 1981.
 
22) Ihde DC, Simms EB, Matthews MJ, et al:Bone marrow metastases in small cell carcinoma of the lung:Frequency, description, and influence on chemotherapeutic toxicity and prognosis. Blood 53:677-686, 1979.
PubMed
23) Sculier JP, Feld R, Evans WK, et al:Neurologic disorders in patients with small cell lung cancer. Cancer 60:2275-2283, 1987.
PubMed
24) Ihde DC, Pass HI, Glatstein EJ:Small cell lung cancer:Staging evaluation and prognostic factors. In Cancer:Principles & Practice of Oncology 4, DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenber SA eds, pp 727-730, JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993.
 
25) Albain KS, Crowley JJ, LeBlanc M, et al:Determinants of improved outcome in small cell lung cancer:An analysis of the 2580-patients Sowthwest Oncology Group data base. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1563-1574, 1990.
 
26) Dearing MP, Steinberg SM, Phelps R, et al:Outcome of patients with small cell lung cancer:Effects of changes in staging procedures and imaging technology on prognostic factors over 14 years. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1042-1049, 1990.
PubMed
27) Rawson NSB, Peto J:An overview of prognostic factors in small cell lung cancer:A report from the Subcommittee for the Management of Lung Cancer of the United Kingdom Coordinating Committee on Cancer Research. Br. J. Cancer 61:597-604, 1990.
 
28) Sagman U, Maki E, Evans WK, et al:Small-cell carcinoma of the lung:Derivation of a prognostic staging system. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1639-1649, 1991.
PubMed
29) Spiegelman D, Maurer LH, Ware JH, et al:Prognostic factors in small-cell carcinoma of the lung:An analysis of 1521 patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:344-354, 1989.
 
30) Zelen M:Keynote address on biostatics and data retrieval. Cancer Chemother. Rep. [Part 3] 4:31-42, 1973.
 
31) Fox W, Scadding JG:Medical Research Council comparative trial of surgery and radiotherapy for primary treatment of small-celled or oat-celled carcinoma of the bronchus:Ten-year follow-up. Lancet 2:63-65, 1973.
PubMed
32) Green RA, Humphrey RW, Close H, et al:Alkylating agents in bronchogenic carcinoma. Am. J. Med. 46:516-525, 1969.
 
33) Aisner J, Alberto P, Bitran J, et al:Role of chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer:A consensus report of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer workshop. Cancer Treat. Rep. 67:37-43, 1983.
 
34) Grant SC, Gralla RJ, Kris MG, et al:Single-agent chemotherapy trials in small-cell lung cancer, 1970 to 1990:The case for studies in previously treated patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:484-498, 1992.
PubMed
35) Negoro S, Fukuoka M, Niitani H, et al:Phase II study of CPT-11, new camptothecin derivative, in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 10:241, 1991.
 
36) Masuda N, Fukuoka M, Kusunoki Y, et al:CPT-11:A new derivative of camptothecin for the treatment of refractory or relapsed small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1225-1229, 1992.
PubMed
37) Schiler JH, Kim K, Johnson D (ECOG) :Phase II study of topotecan in extensive stage small cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:330, 1994.
 
38) Ardizzoni A, Hansen H, Dombernowsky P, et al:Phase II study of topotecan in pretreated small cell lung cancer (SCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:336, 1994.
 
39) Giaccone G, Donadio M, Bonardi G, et al:Teniposide in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer:The influence of prior chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1264-1270, 1988.
PubMed
40) Bork E, Hansen M, Dombernowsky P, et al:Teniposide (VM-26) , an overlooked highly active agent in small-cell lung cancer:Results of a phase II trial in untreated patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:524-527, 1986.
PubMed
41) Ettinger DS, Finkelstein DM, Sarma RP, et al:Phase II study of paclitaxel in patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer:An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1430-1435, 1995.
 
42) Smyth JF, Bowman A, Smith I, et al:Taxotere is active in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) :A phase II trial of the EORTC Early Clinical Trials Group (ECTG) . Eur. J. Cancer 29 A Suppl 6:154, 1993.
 
43) Kirschling RJ, Jung SH, Jett JR fot the North Central Cancer Treatment Group:A pahse II trial of Taxol and G-CSF in previously untreated patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:326, 1994.
 
44) Cormier Y, Eisenhauer E, Muldal A, et al:Gemcitabine is an active agent in previously untreated extensive small cell lung cancer. Ann. Oncol. 5:283-285, 1994.
PubMed
45) 新田 隆, 福岡正博:小細胞肺癌. 癌治療の進歩 (小川一誠編) , pp. 173-184, 篠原出版, 東京, 1993.
 
46) Schabel FM, Trader MW, Laster WK, et al:Cisdichlorodiamineplatinum (II) :Combination chemotherapy and cross-resistance studies with tumors f mice. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63:1459-1473, 1979.
 
47) Evans WK, Osoba D, Feld R, et al:Etoposide (VP-16) and cisplatin:An effective treatment for refractory small cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:65-71, 1985.
 
48) Bunn PA Jr:Review of therapeutic trials of carboplatin in lung cancer. Semin. Oncol. 16 Suppl 5:27-33, 1989.
 
49) Goldie JH, Coldman AJ, Gudauskas GA:Rationale for the use of alternating non-cross resistant chemotherapy. Cancer Treat. Rep. 66:439-449, 1982.
PubMed
50) Feld R, Evans WK, Coy P, et al:Canadian multicenter randomize trial comparing sequential and alternating administration of two non-cross-resistant chemotherapy combination in patients with limited small cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1401-1409, 1987.
PubMed
51) Evans WK, Feld R, Murray N, et al:Superiority of alternating non-cross resistant chemotherapy in extensive small cell lung cancer. A multicenter, randomized trial by the National Cancer Institute of Canada. Ann. Intern. Med. 107:451-458, 1987.
PubMed
52) Fukuoka M, Furuse K, Saijo N, et al:Randomized trial of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and vincristine versus cisplatin and etoposide versus alternation of these regimens in small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:855-861, 1991.
PubMed
53) Roth BJ, Johnson DH, Einhorn LH, et al:Randomized study of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and vincristine versus etoposide and cisplatin versus alternatin of these regimens in extensive small-cell lung cancer:A phase III trial of the Southeastern Cancer Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:282-291, 1992.
 
54) Johnson DH:Recent developments in chemotherapy treatment of small-cell lung cancer. Semin. Oncol. 20:315-325, 1993.
PubMed
55) Hryniuk W, Bush H:The importance of dose intensity in chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:1281-1288, 1984.
PubMed
56) Cohen MH, Creaven PJ, Fossieck BE, et al:Intensive chemotherapy of small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Cancer Treat. Rep. 61:349-354, 1977.
PubMed
57) Johnson DH, Einhorn LH, Birsh R, et al:A randomized comparison of high-dose versus conventional-dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and vincristine for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer:A phase III trial of the Southeastern Cancer Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1731-1738, 1987.
 
58) Figueredo AT, Hryniuk WM, Strautmanis I, et al:Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis during high-dose chemotherapy of small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:54-64, 1985.
PubMed
59) Ihde DC, Mulshine JL, Kramer BS, et al:Randomized trial of high vs standard dose etoposide (VP 16) and cisplatin in extensive stage small cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 10:240, 1991.
 
60) Klassa RJ, Murray N, Coldman AJ:Dose-intensity meta-analysis of chemtherapy regimens in small-cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:499-508, 1991.
 
61) Murray N, Shah A, Osoba D, et al:Intensive weekly chemotherapy for the treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1632-1638, 1991.
PubMed
62) Taylor CW, Crowley J, Wiliamson SK, et al:Treatment of small-cell lung cancer with an alternating chemotherapy regimen given at weekly intervals:A Southwest Oncology Group pilot study. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1811-1817, 1990.
 
63) Miles DW, Earl HM, Souhami RL, et al:Intensive weekly chemotherapy for good prognosis patients with small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:280-285, 1991.
PubMed
64) Schultz J, Wampler G, Ahlgren J, et al:A phse II trial of weekly intensive poly chemotehrapy in extensive small cell lung cancer (SCLC) -A study of the Mid-Atlantic Oncology Group (MACP) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:340, 1994.
 
65) Fukuoka M, Takada M, Masuda S, et al:Dose intensive weekly chemotherapy (CT) with or without recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in extensive-stage (ES) small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 11:290, 1992.
 
66) Miles DW, Souhami RL, Spiro SG, et al:A randomized trial comparing standard 3 weekly with weekly chemotherapy (C/T) in patients (PTS) with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 11:289, 1992.
 
67) Norton L, Simon R:Tumor size, sensitivity to therapy, and design of treatment schedules. Cancer Treat. Rep. 61:1307-1317, 1977.
PubMed
68) Einhorn LH, Greco FA, Crawford J, et al:Cisplatin plus etoposide consolidation following cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and vincristine in limited small cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:451-456, 1988.
PubMed
69) Day RS:Treatment sequencing, asymmetry, and uncertainty:Protocol strategies for combination chemotherapy. Cancer Res. 46:3876-3885, 1986.
PubMed
70) Humblet Y, Symann M, Bosly A, et al:Late intensification chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation in selected small cell carcinoma of the lung:A randomized study. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1864-1873, 1987.
PubMed
71) Spitzer G, Farha P, Validevieso M, et al:High dose intensification therapy with autologous bone marrow support for limited small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:4-13, 1986.
 
72) Ihde DC, Deisseroth AB, Lichter AS, et al:Late intensive combined modality therapy followed by autologous bone marrow infusion in extensive stage small cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1443-1454, 1986.
PubMed
73) Goodman GE, Crowley J, Livingston RB, et al:Treatment of limited small cell lung cancer with concurrent etoposide/cisplatin and radiotherapy followed by intensification with high dose cyclophosphamide:A Southwest Oncology Group Study. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:453-457, 1991.
 
74) Elias AD, Ayash L, Frei E, et al:Intensive combined modality therapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:559-566, 1993.
PubMed
75) Brugger W, Frommhold H, Pressler K, et al:Use of high-dose etoposide/ifosfamide/carboplatin/epirubicin and peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation in limited-disease small cell lung cancer. Semin. Oncol. 22 Suppl 2:3-8, 1995.
 
76) Spiro SG, Souhami RL, Geddes DM, et al:Duration of chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer:A Cancer Research Campaign trial. Br. J. Cancer 59:578-583, 1989.
PubMed
77) Cullen M, Morgan D, Gregory W, et al:Maintenance chemotherapy for anaplastic small cell carcinoma of the Lung:A randomized controlled trial. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 17:157-160, 1986.
 
78) Bleehen NM, Fayers PM, Girling DJ, et al:Controlled trial of twelve versus six courses of chemotherapy in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer. Br. J Cancer. 59:584-590, 1989.
 
79) Splinter TAW, EORTC Lung Cancer Cooperative Group:Induction vs induction plus maintenance chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer:Definitive evaluation. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 7:202, 1988.
 
80) Giaccone G, Dalesio O, McVie GJ, et al:Maintenance chemotherapy in small-cell lung cancer:Long-term results of a randomized trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1230-1240, 1993.
 
81) Kelly K, Bunn PA, Hazuka M, et al:The role of interferon (rIFNα2a) maintenance in patients with limited stage SCLC responding to concurrent chemoradiation:A Southwest Oncology Study (SWOG) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:330, 1993.
 
82) Mattson K, Niiranen A, Pyrhonen S, et al:Interferon maintenance therapy for small cell lung cancer:Long term survival. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:333, 1994.
 
83) Higgins GA, Shields TW, Matthews MJ, et al:The solitary pulmonary nodule:Ten-year follow-up of Veterans Administration-Armed Forces cooperative study. Arch. Surg. 110:570-575, 1975.
 
84) Shields TW, Higgins GA, Matthews MJ, et al:Surgical resection in the management of small cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 84:481-488, 1982.
PubMed
85) Prager RL, Foster JM, Haisworth JD, et al:The feasibility of adjuvant surgery in limited-stage small cell carcinoma:A prospective evaluation. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 38:622-626, 1984.
 
86) Baker RR, Ettinger DS, Ruckdeshel JC, et al:The role of surgery in the management of selected patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:697-702, 1987.
 
87) Willimas CJ, McMillan I, Lea R, et al:Surgery after initial chemotherapy for localized small-cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1579-1588, 1987.
 
88) Holoye PY, McMurtry MJ, Mountain CF, et al:The role of adjuvant surgery in the combined modality therapy of small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma after a chemotherapy-induced partial remission. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:416-422, 1991.
 
89) Johnson DH, Einhorn LH, Mandelbaum I, et al:Postchemotherapy resection of residual tumor in limited stage small cell lung cancer. Chest 92:241-246, 1987.
PubMed
90) Meyer JA, Gullo JJ, Ikins PM, :Adverse prognostic effect of N2 disesase in treated small cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 88:495-501, 1984.
 
91) Shepherd FA, Ginsberg RJ, Feld R, et al:Surgical treatment for limited small-cell lung cancer:The University of Toronto Lung Oncology Group experience. J. Thorac. Cardiiovsc. Surg. 110:385-393, 1991.
 
92) Lad T, Thomas P, Piantadosi S for the Lung Cancer Study Group Chicago:Surgical resection of small cell lung cancer-A prospective randomized evaluation. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 10:244, 1991.
 
93) Gatzemeier U, Heckmayr M, Neuhauss R, et al:Surgery in small cell lung cancer-A comparison of conventional chemo-radiotherapy versus additional surgery in limited-stage-SCLC. Lung Cancer 11 Suppl 1:171, 1994.
 
94) Pignon JP, Arriagada R, Ihde DC, et al:A metaanalysis of thoracic radiotherapy for small-cell lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 316:912-918, 1992.
 
95) Perry MC, Eaton WL, Propert KJ, et al:Chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy in limited small cell carcinoma of the lung. N. Engl. J. Med. 316:912-918, 1987.
 
96) Murray N, Coy P, Pater J, et al:Importance of timing for thoracic irradiation in the combined modality treatment of limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:336-344, 1993.
PubMed
97) Murray N, Coldman A:The relationship between thoracic irradiation timing and long-term survival in combined modality therapy of limited stage small cell lung cancer (LSCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:360, 1995.
 
98) Bunn PA, Lichter AS, Makuch RW, et al:Chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy with chest radiation therapy in limited stage small cell lung cancer:A prospective randomized trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 106:655-662, 1987.
 
99) Brooks BJ, Seifter EJ, Walsh TE, et al:Pulmonary toxicity with combined modality therapy for limited small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:200-209, 1986.
PubMed
100) Kies MS, Mira JG, Crowley JJ, et al:Multimodal therapy for limited small cell-lung cancer:A randomized study of induction combination chemotherapy with or without thoracic radiation in complete responders;and with wide-field verusus reduced-field radiation in partial responders:A Southwest Oncology Group study. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:592-600, 1987.
PubMed
101) Souhami RL, Geddes DM, Spiro SG, et al:Radiotherapy in small cell cancer of the lung treated with combination chemotherapy:A controlled trial. BMJ. 288:1643-1646, 1984.
PubMed
102) Lebeau B, Chastang CL, Brechot JM, et al:Limited small cell lung cancer (SCLC) :A randomized comparison of concurrent and alternated thoracic irradiation. Lung Cancer 11 Suppl 1:171, 1994.
 
103) Turrisi AT, Glover DJ, Mason BA, et al:A preliminary report:Concurrent twice-daily radiotherapy plus platinum-etoposide chemotherapy for limited small cell lung cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 15:183-187, 1988.
PubMed
104) Turrisi A, Wagner H, Glover D, et al:Limited stage small cell lung cancer:Concurrent BID thoracic radiotherapy with platinum-etoposide:An ECOG study. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 9:230, 1990.
 
105) Johnson BE, Salem C, Nesbitt J, et al:Limited (LTD) stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treated with concurrent BID chest radiotherapy (RT) and etopside/cisplatin (VP/PT) followed by chemotherapy (CT) selected by in vitro drug sensitivity. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 10:240, 1991.
 
106) Tamura T, Fukuoka M, Furuse K, et al:Concurrent platinum (CDDP) -etoposide (VP-16) chemotherapy plus thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) for limited stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) :A Japanese Lung Cancer Chemotherapy Group (JLCCG) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 10:242, 1991.
 
107) Johnson DH, Turrisi AT, Chang AY, et al:Alternating chemotherapy and twice-daily thoracic radiotherapy in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer:A pilot study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:879-884, 1993.
 
108) Liengswangwong V, Bonner JA, Shaw EG, et al:Limited-stage small-cell lung cancer:Patterns of intrathoracic recurrence and the implications for thoracic radiotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:496-502, 1994.
PubMed
109) Turrisi AT, Rector D, Janaki LM, et al:Daily (QD) v twice-daily (BID) thoracic irradiation (TI) with concurrent cisplatin-etoposide (PE) for limited small cell lung cancer (LSCLC) :Preliminary results on 352 randomized eligible patients. Lung. Cancer 11 Suppl 1:172, 1994.
 
110) Hansen HH:Should initial treatment of small cell lung carcinoma include systemic chemotherapy and brain irradiation. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 4:239-241, 1973.
PubMed
111) Jackson DV, Richards F, Cooper MR, et al:Prophylactic cranial irradiation in small cell carcinoma of the lung. A randomized study. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 237:2730-2733, 1977.
 
112) Maurer LH, Tulloh M, Weiss RB, et al:A randomized combined modality trial in small cell carcinoma of the lung:Comparison of combination chemotherapy-radiation therapy versus cyclophosphamide-radiation therapy effects of maintenance chemotherapy and prophylactic whole brain irradiation. Cancer 45:30-39, 1980.
PubMed
113) Hansen HH, Dombernowsky P, Hirsch FR, et al:Prophylactic irradiation in bronchogenic small cell anaplastic carcinoma:A comparative trial of localized versus extensive radiotherapy including prophylactic brain irradiation in patients receiving combination chemotherapy. Cancer 46:279-284, 1980.
PubMed
114) Beiler DD, Kane RC, Bernath AM, et al:Low dose elective brain irradiation in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Int J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 5:944-945, 1979.
 
115) Cox JD, Petrovich Z, Paig C, et al:Prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with inoperable carcinoma of the lung. Cancer 42:1135-1140, 1978.
PubMed
116) Seydel HG, Creech R, Pagano M, et al:Prophylactic versus no brain irradiation in regional small cell lung carcinoma. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:218-223, 1985.
PubMed
117) Arony RS, Aisner J, Wesley MN, et al:Value of prophylactic cranial irradiation given at complete remission in small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer Treat. Rep. 67:675-682, 1983.
 
118) Eagan RT, Frytak S, Lee RE, et al:A case for preplanned thoracic and prophylacitc whole brain radiation therapy in limited small cell lung cancer. Cancer Clin. Trials 4:261-266, 1981.
 
119) Katensis AT, Karpasitis N, Giannakakis D, et al:Elective brain irradiation in patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung. In Lung Cancer:International Congress Series 558, pp. 277-284, Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1982.
 
120) Ohnoshi T, Ueoka H, Kawahara S, et al:Comparative study of prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with small cell lung cancer achieving a complete response:a long-term follow-up result. Lung Cancer 10:47-54, 1993.
 
121) Laukkanen E, Klonoff H, Allan B, et al:The role of prophylactic brain irradiation in limited stage small cell lung cancer:Clinical, neuropsychologic, and CT sequelae. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 14:1109-1117, 1988.
PubMed
122) Fleck JF, Einhorn LH, Lauer RC, et al:Is prophylactic cranial irradiation indicated in small-cell lung cancer? J. Clin. Oncol. 8:209-214, 1990.
PubMed
123) Rosenstein M, Armstrong J, Kris M, et al:A reappraisal of the role of prophylactic cranial irradiation in limited small cell lung cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 24:43-48, 1992.
PubMed
124) Liengswangwong V, Bonne JA, Shaw EG, et al:Prophylactic cranial irradiation in limited-stage small cell lung cancer. Cancer 75:1302-1309, 1995.
 
125) Arriagada R, LeChevalier T, Borie F, et al:Prophylactic cranial irradiation for patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87:183-190, 1995.
 
P.542 掲載の参考文献
1) Parkin DM, Saxo AJ:Lung cancer:worldwide variation in occurrence and proportion attributable to tobacco use. Lung Cancer 9 (suppl) :1-16, 1993.
 
2) Rankin EM:Non-small cell lung cancer. In:Slevin ML and Staquet MJ, eds. Randomized trials in cancer:a critical review. New York, Raven Press, 447-492, 1986.
 
3) Silverberg E, Boring CC, Squires TS:Cancer statistics. C A Cancer. J. Clin. 40:9-26, 1990.
 
4) Squires TS, Tong T. Cancer statistics. C A Cancer. J. Clin. 43:7-26, 1993.
 
5) Rudd R:Chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Respiratory Disease in Practice 7:12-15, 1991.
 
6) Rapp E, Pater JL, Willan A, et al:Chemotherapy can prolong survival in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer-report of a canadian multicenter randomized trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:633-641, 1988.
 
7) Ganz PA, Figlin RA, Haskell CM, et al:Supportive care versus supportive care and combination chemotherapy in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Dose chemotherapy make a difference? Cancer 63:1271-1278, 1989.
 
8) Woods RL, Williams CJ, Levi J, et al:A randomised trial of cisplatin and vindesine versus supportive care only in advanced non-small cell lung cacer. Br. J. Cancer 61:608-611, 1990.
 
9) Cellerino R, Tummarello D, Guidi F, et al:A randomized trial of alternating chemotherapy versus best supportive care in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1453-1461, 1991.
PubMed
10) Kassa S, Lund E, Thorud E, et al:Symptomatic treatment versus combination chemotherapy for patients with extensive non-small cell lung cacer. Cancer 67:2443-2447, 1991.
 
11) Souquet PJ, Chauvin F, Boissel Jp, et al:Polychemotherapy in advanced non small cell lung cancer:a meta-analysis. Lancet 342:19-21, 1993.
 
12) Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Collaborative Group:Chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer:a meta-analysis using updated data on individual patients from 52 randomised clinical trials. BMJ 311:899-909, 1995.
 
13) Bonomi P:Platinum / etoposide therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncology 49:43-50, 1992.
PubMed
14) Bokowski MT and Crouch JC:Chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer:a reappraisal and a look to the future. Cancer Treat. Rev. 10:159-173, 1983.
 
15) Schulman P, Budman DR, Vinciguerra V, et al:Phase II study of divided-dose vinblastine in non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Cancer Treat. Rep. 6:171-172, 1982.
 
16) Ettinger DS:Ifosfamide in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Semin. Oncol. 16:31-38, 1989.
PubMed
17) Elliott JA, Ahmedzai S, Holes D, et al:Vindesine and cisplatin combination chemotherapy compared with vindesine as a single agent in the management of non-small cell lung cancer:a randomized trial. Eur. J. Cancer 20:1025-1032, 1984.
 
18) Fukuoka M, Niitani H, Suzuki A, et al:A phase II study of CPT-11, a new derivative of camptothecin, for previously untreated non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:16-20, 1992.
 
19) Chang AY, Kim K, Glick J, et al:Phase II study of taxol, merbarone and piroxantrone in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer:The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group results. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:388-394, 1993.
PubMed
20) Murphy WK, Fossela FV, Winn RJ, et al:Phase II study of taxol in patients with untreated non-small cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:384-388, 1993.
 
21) Cerny T, Kaplan S, Pavlidis N, et al:Docetaxel (Taxotere) is active in non-small-cell lung cancer:a phase II trial of the EORTC early clinical trials group (ECTG) . Br. J. Cancer 70:384-387, 1994.
 
22) Fossella FV, Lee JS, Murphy WK, et al:Phase II study of docetaxel for recurrent or metastatic non-small-cell lung caner. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1238-1244, 1994.
PubMed
23) Francis PA, Rigas JR, Kris MG, et al:Phase II trial of docetaxel in patients with stage III and IV non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1232-1237, 1994.
PubMed
24) Watanabe K, Yokoyama A, Furuse K, et al:Phase II trial of docetaxel in previously untreated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:331, 1994 (abstr 1095) .
 
25) Depierre A, Lemarie E, Dabouis G, et al:A phase II study of navelbine (vinorelbine) in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:115-119, 1991.
PubMed
26) Niitani H, Fukuoka M, Negoro K:Clinical development of irinotecan in lung cancers. Lung Cancer 11 (suppl 2) :30-31, 1994.
 
27) Anderson H, Lund B, Bach F, et al:Single-agent activity of weekly gemcitabine in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer:A phase II study. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1821-1826, 1994.
PubMed
28) Fossella FV, Lippman S, Pang A, et al:Phase I/II study of gemcitabine by 30 minute weekly intravenous infusion x3 wks every 4 wks for non-small cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:326, 1993, (abstr 1082) .
 
29) Shepherd FA, Gatzemeier U, Gotfried M, et al:An extended phase II study of gemcitabine in non small cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:330, 1993, (abstr 1096) .
 
30) Hainsworth JD, Thompson DS and Greco FA:Paclitaxel by 1-hour infusion:an active drug in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1609-1614, 1995.
PubMed
31) van Warmerdam LJC, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, Rodenhuis S, et al:Phase I clinical and pharmacokinetic study of topotecan administered by a 24-hour continuous infusion. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1768-1776, 1995.
 
32) Millward MJ, Bishop JF, Friedlander M, et al:Phase II trial of a 3-hour infusion of paclitaxel in previously untreated patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:142-148, 1996.
PubMed
33) Bokowski MT, Crouch JC:Chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer:A reappraisal and a look to the future. Cancer Treat. Rev. 10:159-173, 1983.
 
34) Burris H, Eckardt J, Fields S, et al:Phase II trials of taxotere in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:335, 1993 (abstr 1116) .
 
35) Miller VA, Rigas JR, Kile MG, et al:Phase II trial of docetaxel given at a dose of 75 mg/m2 with prednisone premedication in non-small-cell lung cacner (NSCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:364, 1994, (abstr 1226) .
 
36) Gralla RJ, Casper ES, Kelsen DP, et al:Cisplatin and vindesine combination chemotherapy for advanced carcinoma of the lung:A randomized trial investigating two dosage schedules. Ann. Intern. Med. 95:414-420, 1981.
 
37) Ruckdeschel JC, Finkelstein DM, Ettinger DS, et al:A randomized trial of the four most active regimens for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:14-22, 1986.
PubMed
38) Masuda N, Fukuoka M, Takada M, et al:CPT-11 in combination with cisplatin for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1775-1780, 1992.
PubMed
39) Goto K, Nishiwaki Y, Saijo N, et al:A phase II study of irinotecan (CPT-11) and etoposide (VP-16) for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) :Japanese clinical oncology group (JCOG) trial. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:362, 1995, (abstr 1108) .
 
40) Langer CJ, Leighton J, Comis R, et al:Taxol and carboplatin (CBDCA) in combination in stage IV and IIIB non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:338, 1994 (abstr 1122) .
 
41) Fossella FV, Raber M, Lee JS, et al:Taxotere (Docetaxel) , an active agent for platinum-refractory non-small cell lung cancer:Preliminary report of a phase II study. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:336, 1994 (abstr 1114) .
 
42) Chevalier TL, Brisgand D, Douillard J-Y, et al:Randomized study of vinorelbine and cisplatin versus vinorelbine alone in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer:Result of a European multicenter trial including 612 patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:360, 1994.
 
43) Berthaud P, Chevalier TL, Ruffie P, et al:Phase I-II study of vinorelbine (navelbine) plus cisplatin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Eur. J. Cancer 28A:1863-1865, 1992.
 
44) Eberhard W, Wilke H, Manegold CH, et al:Phase I dose finding study of gemcitabine and ifosfamide in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:351, 1995. (abstr 1063) .
 
45) Sandler AB, Ansari R, McClean J, et al:A Hoosier Oncology Group phase II study of gemcitabine plus cisplatin in non-small cell lung cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:357, 1995 (abstr 1089) .
 
46) Splinter TAW, Sahmoud T, Festen J, et al:Two schedules of teniposide with or without cisplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer:a randomized study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:127-134, 1996.
 
47) Donehower RC, Rowinsky EK, Grochow LB, et al:Phase I trial of taxol in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Treat. Rep. 71:1171-1177, 1987.
PubMed
48) Kris MG, O'Connell Jp, Gralla RJ, et al:Phase I trial of taxol given as a 3-hour infusion every 21 days. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:605-607, 1986.
PubMed
49) Huizing MT, Keung ACF, Rosing H, et al:Pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel and metabolites in a randomized comparative study in platinum-pretreated ovarian cancer patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2127-2135, 1993.
 
50) Schiller JH, Storer B, Tutsch K, et al:Phase I trial of 3-hour infusion of paclitaxel with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with advanced cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:241-248, 1994.
 
51) Eisenhauser EA, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, Swenerton KD, et al:European-Canadian randomized trial of paclitaxel in relapsed ovarian cancer:high dose versus low dose and long versus short infusion. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2654-2666, 1994.
 
52) Langer CJ, Leighton JC, Comis RL, et al:Paclitaxel and carboplatin in combination in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer:a phase II toxicity, response, and survival analysis. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1860-1870, 1995.
PubMed
53) Johnson DH:Paclitaxel plus carboplatin:An effective combination chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer or just another elvis sighting? J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1840-1842, 1995.
 
54) Smith TJ, Hillner BE, Neighbors DM, et al:Economic evaluation of a randomized clinical trial comparing vinorelbine, vinorelbine plus cisplatin, and vindesine plus cisplatin for non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:2166-2173, 1995.
PubMed
55) Rowinsky EK, Grochow LB, Hendricks CB, et al:Phase I and pharmacologic study of topotecan:A novel topoisomerase I inhibitor. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:647-656, 1992.
PubMed
56) Hochster H, Liebes L, Speyer J, et al:Phase I trial of low-dose continuous topotecan infusion in patients with cancer:An active and well-tolerated regimen. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:553-559 k, 1994.
 
57) Saltz L, Sirott M, Young C, et al:Phase I clinical and pharmacology study of topotecan given daily for 5 consecutive days to patients with advanced solid tumors, with attempt at dose intensification using recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 85:1499-1507, 1993.
PubMed
58) Lynch TJ Jr, L, Strauss G, et al:Phase II study of topotecan in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:347-352, 1994.
 
59) Perez-Soler R, Fossella FV, Glisson BS, et al:Phase II study of topotecan in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer previously untreated with chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:503-513, 1996.
PubMed
60) Perez CA, Stanley K, Grundy G, et al:Impact of irradiation technique and tumor extent in tumor control and survival of patients with unresectable non-oat cell carcinoma of the lung:Reports by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Cancer 50:1091-1099, 1982.
PubMed
61) Cox JD:N 2 (clinical) non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (NSCLL) :prospective trials of radiation therapy with total doses≧60 Gy by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) . IASLC Workshop on controversies in staging and treatment of locally advanced non small cell lung cancers. Bruges, Belgium 1990.
 
62) Vokes EE, Haraf DJ, Hoffman PC, et al:Concomitant chemoradiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. IInd IASLC workshop on combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy modality in lung cancer. Fontainebleau, June 9-13, 1992.
 
63) Trovo MG, Minatel E, Veronesi A, et al:Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in locally advanced epidermoid bronchogenic carcinoma:A randomized study. Cancer 65:400-404, 1990.
PubMed
64) Dillman RO, Seagren SL, Propert KJ, et al:A randomized trial of induction chemotherapy plus high-dose radiation versus radiation alone in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 323:940-945, 1990.
PubMed
65) Blanke C, Ansari R, Mantravadi R, et al:Phase III trial of thoracic irradiation with or without cisplatin for locally advanced unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer:A Hoosier Oncology Group Protocol. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1425-1429, 1995.
PubMed
66) Morton RF, Jett JR, McGinnis WL, et al:Thoracic radiation therapy alone compared with combined chemoradiotherapy for locally unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) :A phase II trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 115:681-686, 1991.
 
67) LeChevalier T, Arriagada R, Quoix E, et al:Radiotherapy alone versus combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer:First analysis of a randomized trial in 353 patients. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 83:417-423, 1991.
 
68) Schaake-Koning C, van den Bogaert W, Dalesio O, et al:Effects of concomitant cisplatin and radiotherapy on inoperative non-small cell lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 326:524-530, 1992.
 
69) Sause WT, Scott C, Taylor S, et al:Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 88-08 and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 4588:Preliminary results of a phase III trial in regionally advanced, unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 87:198-205, 1995.
 
70) Le JS, Scott C, Komaki R, et al:Concurrent chemoradiation therapy with oral etoposide and cisplatin for locally advanced inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer:Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Protocol 91-06. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:1055-1064, 1996.
 
71) Kubota K, Furuse K, Kawahara M, et al:Role of radiotherapy in combined modality treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1547-1552, 1994.
PubMed
72) Roach III M, Gandara DR, Yuo H-S, et al:Radiation pneumonitis following combined modality therapy for lung cancer:Analysis of prognostic factors. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:2606-2612, 1995.
 
73) Reckzeh B, Merte H, Pfluger KH, et al:Severe lymphocytopenia and interstitial pneumonia in patients treated with paclitaxel and simultaneous radiotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:1071-1076, 1996.
PubMed
74) Pisters KMW, Kris MG, Gralla RJ, et al:Pathologic complete response in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer following preoperative chemotherapy:Implications for design of future non-small-cell lung cancer combined modality trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1757-1762, 1993.
 
75) Weiden PL, Piantadosi S:Preoperative chemotherapy (cisplatin and fluorouracil) and radiation therapy in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer:A phase II study of the lung Cancer Study Group. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 83:266-272, 1991.
 
76) Johnson DH, Strupp J, Greco FA, et al:Neoadjuvant cisplatin plus vinblastine chemotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer 68:1216-1220, 1991.
PubMed
77) Armstrong JG, Martini N, Kris MG, et al:Induction chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer with clinically evident mediastinal node metastases:The role of postoperative radiotherapy. Int. J. Rad. Biol. Phys. 23:605-613, 1992.
 
78) Burkes RL, Ginsberg RJ, Shepherd FA, et al:Induction chemotherapy with mitomycin, vindesine, and cisplatin for stage III unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer:Results of the Toronto phase II trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:580-586, 1992.
PubMed
79) Pass HI, Pogrebniak HW, Steinberg SM, et al:Randomized trial of neoadjuvant therapy for lung cancer:Interim analysis. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 53:992-998, 1992.
PubMed
80) Rosell R, Gomez-Codina J, Camps C, et al:A randomized trial comparing preoperative chemotherapy plus surgery with surgery alone in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 330:153-158, 1994.
PubMed
81) Roth JA, Fossella F, Komaki R, et al:A randomized trial comparing perioperative chemotherapy and surgery with surgery alone in resectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 86:673-680, 1994.
 
82) Albain KS, Rusch VW, Crowley JJ, et al:Concurrent cisplatin/etoposide plus chest radiotherapy followed by surgery for stage III A (N 2) and III B non-small-cell lung cancer:mature results of Southwest Oncology Group phase II study 8805. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1880-1892, 1995.
 
83) Matthews MJ, Kanhouwa S, Pickre J, et al:Frequency of residual and metastatic tumer in patients undergoing curative surgical resection for lung cancer. Cancer Chemo. Rep. 4:63-67, 1973.
 
84) The Lung Cancer Study Group, Prepared by Holmes EC:A randomized comparison of the effects of adjuvant therapy on resected stages II and III non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. Ann. Surg. 202:335-341, 1985.
 
85) The Lung Cancer Study Group, Lad T, Rubinstein L and Sadeghi A:The benefit of adjuvant treatment for resected locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:9-17, 1988.
 
86) The Lung Cancer Study Group, by Thomas P and Feld R:Preliminary report of a clinical trial comparing post resection adjuvant chemotherapy vs. no therapy for T 1 N 1, T 2 N 0 non small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 4:A 160, 1988.
 
87) Feld R, Rubinstein L, Thomas RA:Adjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in patients with completely resected stage I non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 85:299-306, 1993.
 
88) Ohta M, Tsuchiya R, Shimoyama M, et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy for completely resected stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Thorac. Cardiolvasc. Surg. 106:703, 1993.
PubMed
89) Niiranen A, Niitamo-Korhonen S, Kouri M, et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy after radical surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer:A randomized study. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1927-1932, 1992.
PubMed
90) Wada H, Hitomi S, Teramatsu T and the West Japan Study Group for Lung Cancer Surgery:Adjuvant chemotherapy after complete resection in non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:1048-1054, 1996.
 
91) Newman SB, DeMeestes TR, Golomb HM, et al:Treatment of modified stage II (T 1 N 1 M 0, T 2 N 1 M 0) non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 86:180-185, 1983.
 
92) Wolf J:Ann Thorac Surg 1:25-32, 1965.
PubMed
93) Shields TW, Higgins GA, Lawton R, Heilbrunn A and Keehn RJ:Preoperative x-ray therapy as an adjuvant in the treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 59:49-61, 1970.
PubMed
94) Warram J:Preoperative irradiation of cancer of the lung:Final report of a therapeutic trial. Cancer 36:914-925, 1975.
PubMed
95) Mathisen DJ, Wain JC, Wright C, et al:Assessment of preoperative accelerated radiotherapy and chemotherapy in stage IIIA (N 2) non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 111:123-133, 1996.
 
96) Rusch VW, Figlin R, Godwin D, et al:Intrapleural cisplatin and cytarabine in the management of malignant pleural effusions:A Lung Cancer Study Group Trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:313-319, 1991.
 
97) Yana T, Fukuoka M, Kurihara N, et al:Intrapleural (IP) cisplatin (P) and etoposide (E) in the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with malignant pleural effusions (MPE) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:361, 1995 (abstr 1104) .
 

26. 縦隔腫瘍

P.561 掲載の参考文献
1) Rosenberg JC:Neoplasmas of the mediastinum. In Cancer:Principles and Practice of Oncology (edited by DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , 4th Ed, J. B. Lippincott Co, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 759-775.
 
2) Felson B:Chest Roentogenology. WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia, 1973, pp. 389-420.
 
3) Shields TW:The mediastinum. In General Thoracic Surgery (edited by Shields TW) , 3rd Ed, Lea and Febiger, New York, 1989, pp. 1096-1123.
 
4) Silverman NA, Sabiston DC Jr:Mediastinal masses. Surg. Clin. North Am. 60:757-777, 1980.
PubMed
5) 和田洋己, 寺松 孝・他:縦隔腫瘍全国集計 (1975. 7～1979. 5) . 日胸外会誌30:374-378, 1982.
 
6) Brown LR and Aughenbaugh GL:Masses of the anterior mediastinum:CT and MR imaging. AJR 157:1171-1180, 1991.
 
7) Shields TW:Primary lesions of the mediastinum and their investigation and treatment. In General Thoracic Surgery (edited by Shields TW) , 4th Ed, Lea and Febizer, New York, 1994, pp. 1724-1769.
 
8) Bressler EL, Kirkham JA:Mediastinal Masses:Alternative approaches to CT-guided needle biopsy. Radiology 191:391-396, 1994.
 
9) Rendina EA, Venuta F, De Giacomo T, et al:Comparative merits of thoracoscopy, mediastinoscopy, and mediastinotomy for mediastinal biopsy. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 57:992-995, 1994.
PubMed
10) Roviaro G, Rebuffat C, Varoli F, et al:Videothoracoscopic excision of mediastinal masses:Indications and technique. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 58:1679-1684, 1994.
PubMed
11) Trastek VF and Shield TW:Surgery of the thymus gland. In General Thoracic Surgery (edited by Shields TW) , 4th Ed, Lea and Febizer, New York, 1994, pp. 1770-1809.
 
12) Marchevsky AM, Kaneko M:Surgical pathology of the mediastinum. Raven Press, New, New York, 1992, pp. 27-42.
 
13) 玉置憲一:胸腺の構造と機能上皮性胸腺腫瘍の基礎と臨床 (正岡 昭, 松山睦司, 向井 清編) . 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1991, pp. 9-22.
 
14) Fukai I, Funato Y, Mizuno T, et al:Distribution of thymic tissue in the mediastinal adipose tissue. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 101:1099-1102, 1991.
PubMed
15) Jaretzki A III, Wolff M:"Maximal"thymectomy for myasthenia gravis:Surgical anatomy and operative technique. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 96:711-716, 1988.
 
16) 向井 清:胸腺腫の分類. 上皮性胸腺腫瘍の基礎と臨床 (正岡 昭, 松山睦司, 向井 清編) . 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1991, pp. 23-44.
 
17) Lewis JE, Wick MR, Scheithauer BW, et al:Thymoma:A clinicopathologic review. Cancer 60:2727-2743, 1987.
PubMed
18) Marino M, Muller-Hermelink HK:Thymoma and thymic carcinoma. Relation of thymoma epithelial cells to the cortical and medullary differentiation of thymus. Virchows Arch. 407:119-149, 1985.
 
19) Pescarmona E, Rendina EA, Venuta F. et al:Analysis of prognostic factors and clinicopathological staging of thymoma. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 50:534-538, 1990.
PubMed
20) Quintanilla-Martinez L, Wilkins EW, Choi N. et al:Thymoma:Histologic subclassification is an independent prognostic factor. Cancer 74:606-617, 1994.
PubMed
21) Wick MR:Assessing the prognosis of thymomas. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 50:521-522, 1990.
PubMed
22) Kornstein MJ, Curran WJ Jr, Turrisi AT III, et al:Cortical versus medullary thymomas:a useful morphologic distinction? Hum. Pathol. 19:1335-1339, 1988.
 
23) 正岡 昭:総合討論. 上皮性胸腺腫瘍の基礎と臨床 (正岡 昭, 松山睦司, 向井 清編) . 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1991, pp. 257-267.
 
24) 水野嘉夫, 内山光昭, 有森 茂・他:上皮性胸腺腫瘍の疫学と全国集計. 上皮性胸腺腫瘍の基礎と 臨床 (正岡 昭, 松山睦司, 向井 清編) . 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1991, pp. 127-144.
 
25) 有森 茂:胸腺腫の治療と予後上皮性胸腺腫瘍の基礎と臨床 (正岡 昭, 松山睦司, 向井 清編) . 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1991, pp. 191-204.
 
26) Nakahara K, Ohno K, Hashimoto J, et al:Thymoma:Results with complete resection and adjuvant postoperative irradiation in 141 consecutive patients. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 95:1041-1047, 1988.
PubMed
27) Shimizu N, Moriyama S, Aoe M, et al:The surgical treatment of invasive thymoma. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 103:414-420, 1992.
PubMed
28) Curran WJ, Kornstein MJ, Brooks JJ, et al:Invasive thymoma:The role of mediastinal irradiation following complete or incomplete surgical resection. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1722-1727, 1988.
PubMed
29) Maggi G, Casadio C, Cavallo A, et al:Thymoma:Results of 241 perated cases. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 51:152-156, 1991.
 
30) Monden Y, Nakahara K, Iioka S, et al:Recurrence of thymoma:Clinicopathological features, therapy, and prognosis. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 39:165-169, 1985.
PubMed
31) Ciernik IF, Meier U, Lutolf UM:Prognostic factors and outcome of incompletely resected invasive thymoma following radiation therapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1484-1490, 1994.
PubMed
32) Ichinose Y, Ohta M, Yano T, et al:Treatment of invasive thymoma with pleural dissemination. J. Surg. Oncol. 54:180-183, 1993.
PubMed
33) Fornasiero A, Daniele O, Ghiotto C, et al:Chemotherapy of invasive thymoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1419-1423, 1990.
PubMed
34) Loehner PJ, Kim K, Aisner SC, et al:Cisplatin plus doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide in metastatic or recurrent thymoma:Final results of an intergroup trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1164-1168, 1994.
 
35) Rea F, Sartori F, Loy M, et al:Chemotherapy and operation for invasive thymoma. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 106:543-549, 1993.
PubMed
36) 藤井義敬:胸腺腫の臨床-特に合併症-, 上皮性胸腺腫瘍の基礎と臨床 (正岡 昭, 松山睦司, 向井清編) . 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1991, pp. 169-190.
 
37) 下里幸雄, 向井 清, 松野吉宏:胸腺腫と胸腺癌-特にその異同と関連性について-. 上皮性胸腺 腫瘍の基礎と臨床 (正岡 昭, 松山睦司, 向井 清編) . 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1991, pp. 91-101.
 
38) Rosai J, Levine GD:Tumors of the thymus. In Atlas of Tumor Pathology, Fascicle 13, Series 2. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, 1976. pp. 34-166.
 
39) Kirchner T, Schalke B, Buchwald J, et al:Well-differentiated thymic carcinoma:An organotypical low-grade carcinoma with relationship to cortical thymoma. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 16:1153-1169, 1992.
PubMed
40) Suster S, Rosai J:Thymic carcinoma:A clinicopathologic study of 60 cases. Cancer 67:1025-1032, 1991.
PubMed
41) Hsu C-P, Chen C-Y, Chen C-L, et al:Thymic carcinoma:Ten years' experience in twenty patients. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 107:615-620, 1994.
PubMed
42) Yano T, Hara N, Ichinose Y, et al:Treatment and Prognosis of primary thymic carcinoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 52:255-258, 1993.
PubMed
43) Weide LG, Ulbright TM, Loehrer PJ, et al:Thymic carcinoma:A distinct clinical entity responsive to chemotherapy. Cancer 71:1219-1223, 1993.
PubMed
44) 細田 峻:胸腺カルチノイド. 上皮性胸腺腫瘍の基礎と臨床 (正岡 昭, 松山睦司, 向井 清編) . 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1991, pp. 103-116.
 
45) Marchevsky AM, Kaneko M:Surgical pathology of the mediastinum. Raven Press, New York, 1992, pp. 143-151.
 
46) Wick MR, Carney JA, Bernatz PE, et al:Primary mediastinal carcinoid tumors. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 6:195-205, 1982.
PubMed
47) Marchevsky AM, Kaneko M:Surgical pathology of the mediastinum. Raven Press, New York, 1992, pp. 300-327.
 
48) Akwari OE Payne WS, Onofrio BM, et al:Dumbbell neurogenic tumors of the mediastinum. Mayo Clin. Proc. 53:353-358, 1978.
PubMed
49) Grillo HC, Ojermann RG, Scannell JG, et al:Combined approach to "dumbbell" intrathoracic and intraspinal neurogenic tumors. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 36:402-407, 1983.
 

27. 縦隔胚細胞腫瘍

P.568 掲載の参考文献
1) Rosenberg JC:Neoplasms of the mediastinum. In Cancer. (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA) , 2nd Ed, Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1985, pp. 599-620.
 
2) van Echten J, de Jong B, Sinke RJ, et al:Definition of a new entity of malignant extragonadal germ cell tumors. Genes Chromosom Cancer 12:8-15, 1995.
PubMed
3) Sole F, Bosch, Woessner S, Perez-Losada et al:Refractory anemia with excess of blasts and isochromosome 12 p in a patient with primary mediastinal germ-cell tumor. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 77:111-113, 1994.
 
4) Daugaard G, Rorth M, von der Maase H, et al:Ann. Oncol. 3:283-289, 1992.
PubMed
5) Dixon FJ, Moore RA:Atlas of Tumor Pathology, sect 8, fasc 31 b, 32. Wasington, DC, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1952.
 
6) Mostofi FK, Price EB:Tumor of the Male Genital System. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 2nd series. Fascicles 8, Washington DC, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1973. p. 7.
 
7) Mostofi FK, Sobin LH:Histological typing of Testis Tumors. International Histological Classification of Tumors, #16, Genova, World Health Organization, 1977.
 
8) Rosai J, Levine GD:Tumors of the thymus. Atlas of Tumor Pathology, 2nd Series, Fascicle 13. Washington DC, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1976.
 
9) Martini N, Golbey RB, Hadju SJ, et al:Primary mediastinal germ cell tumors. Cancer 33:763-769, 1974.
 
10) Polansky SM, Barwick KW, Ravin CE:Primary mediastinal seminoma. Am. J. Roentgenol. 132:17-21, 1979.
 
11) Samad SA, Sharifah NA, Zulfigar MA, et al:Ultrasound guided percutaneous biopsies of suspected mediastinal lesions. Med. J. Malaysia 48:421-426, 1993.
 
12) Pillai KR, Kannan S, Gangadharan VP, et al:Role of cytology in the diagnosis of mediastinal germ cell tumor. Neoplasma (Czechoslovakia) 40:193-197, 1993.
 
13) Tecce PM, Fishman EK, Kuhlman JE:CT evaluation of the mediastinum:spectrum of disease. Radiographics 14:973-990, 1994.
PubMed
14) Rosado-de-Christensen ML, Templeton PA, Moran CA:From the archives of the AFIP. Mediastinal germ cell tumors:radiologic and pathologic correlation. Radiographics 12:1013-1030, 1992.
 
15) Hurt RD, Bruckman JE, Farrow GM, et al:Primary mediastinal seminoma. Cancer 49:1658-1663, 1982.
PubMed
16) Bush SE, Martinez A, Bagshaw MA:Primary mediastinal seminoma. Cancer 48:1877-1882, 1981.
PubMed
17) Clamon GH:Management of primary mediastinal seminoma. Chest 83:263-267, 1983.
PubMed
18) Childs WJ, Goldstraw P, Nicholls JE, et al:Primary malignant mediastinal germ cell tumours. Br. J. Cancer 67:1098-1101, 1993.
PubMed
19) Nichols CR:Mediastinal germ cell tumors. Semin. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 4:45-50, 1992.
PubMed
20) Kersh CR, Constable WC, Hahn SS, et al:Primary malignant extragonadal germ cell tumors. An analysis of the effect of radiotherapy. Cancer 65:2681-2685, 1990.
PubMed
21) Giaccone G:Multimodality treatment of malignant germ cell tumors of the mediastinum. Eur. J. Cancer 27:273-277, 1991.
PubMed
22) Vugrin D, Martini N, Whitmore WF, et al:VAB-3 combination chemotherapy in primary mediastinal germ cell tumors. Cancer Treat. Rep. 66:1405-1407, 1982.
PubMed
23) Kay PH, Wells FC, Goldstraw P:A multidisciplinary approach to primary nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the mediastinum. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 44:578-582, 1987.
PubMed
24) Vugrin D, Herr HW, Whitmore WF, et al:VAB-6 combination chemotherapy in dissenimated testis cancer. Ann. Intern. Med. 95:59-61, 1981.
PubMed
25) Bajorin D. et al:Compalison of criteria for assigning germ cell tumor patients to "good risk" and "poor risk" studies. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:786-792, 1988.
PubMed
26) Ozols RF et al:A randomized trial of standard chemotherapy v a nonseminomatous germ-cell tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1031-1040, 1988.
 

28. 食道がん治療における最近の動向

P.590 掲載の参考文献
1) Muller JM, Erasmi H, Stelzner M, et al:Surgical therapy of esophageal carcinoma. Br. J. Surg. 77:845-857, 1990.
PubMed
2) 食道疾患研究会編:臨床・病理食道癌取扱い規約 (第3版) , 金原出版, 東京, 1973.
 
3) 三富利夫:いわゆる早期食道癌の治療第37回食道疾患研究会アンケート調査, 1983.
 
4) 遠藤光夫:食道表在癌集計報告. 第39回日本消化器内視鏡学会総会アンケート調査, 1990.
 
5) 小玉正智:食道表在癌の全国集計報告. 第49回食道疾患研究会アンケート調査, 1995.
 
6) 食道疾患研究会編:臨床・病理食道癌取扱い規約 (第8版) , 金原出版, 東京, 1992.
 
7) 井手博子, 野上 厚, 葉梨智子・他:食道sm癌の臨床診断と予後. 胃と腸25:1067-1074, 1990.
 
8) 遠藤光夫, 吉野邦英, 河野辰幸・他:術前検査からみた食道表在癌の治療. 消化器外科15:1741-1747, 1992.
 
9) 岩崎善毅, 小池盛雄, 滝澤登一郎・他:食道表在癌の病理病理と臨床12:536-541, 1994.
 
10) 鶴丸昌彦, 宇田川晴司, 梶山美明・他:手術成績からみた食道癌に対する術式選択, 1) 胸部食道 扁平上皮癌に対する拡大郭清の適応と限界. 外科診療57:1032-1046, 1995.
 
11) 中村正徳, 永井 鑑, 河野辰幸・他:食道癌治療上の問題点:診断はどこまで可能か, 深達度 (内視鏡EUS) -表在癌の細分類診断を中心に-. 外科診療37:649-657, 1995.
 
12) 中村 努, 井手博子, 江口礼紀, ・他:食道癌の病理, 2) 早期癌, 表在癌. 外科57:1020-1022, 1995.
 
13) 幕内博康, 町村貴郎, 水谷郷一・他:内視鏡による食道表在癌-癌の深達度診断の精度-. 胃と腸 27:175-184, 1992.
 
14) Murata Y, Hayashi K, Kobayashi A, et al:Preoperative staging of oesophageal carcinoma by ultrasound. Asian J. Surg. 17:200-207, 1994.
 
15) 吉田 操, 葉梨智子, 広瀬哲也・他:早期食道癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除法-その現況と問題点の検討-. KARKINOS 6:1239-1246, 1993.
 
16) 門馬久美子, 吉田 操, 山田義也・他:早期食道癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除の実際-2チャンネル法-. 胃と腸28 (2) :141-151, 1993.
 
17) 幕内博康, 町村貴郎, 水谷郷一・他:早期食道癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除術-EEMR-tube-. 胃と腸28 (2) :151-159, 1993.
 
18) 井上晴洋, 竹下公矢, 長浜雄志・他:早期食道癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除の実際-EMRTとEMRC-. 胃と腸28 (2) :161-169, 1993.
 
19) Endo M, Takeshita K, Inoue H:Minimally invasive esophageal surgery-Endoscopic resection of mucosal cancer of the esophagus. Diseases of the Esophagus 7:24-26, 1994.
 
20) 幕内博康, 町村貴郎, 島田英雄・他:早期食道癌の内視鏡的治療-内視鏡的粘膜切除術-. 外科 57(9) :1027-1031, 1995.
 
21) Haagensen CD:The Lymphatics in Cancer. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1972, pp. 245-249.
 
22) 井手博子, 遠藤光夫:食道腫瘍の臨床病理. 医学書院, 東京, 1984, pp. 14-15.
 
23) 中野静雄:イカ墨を用いた胸部食道の壁外リンパ流に関する実験的検討. 日外会誌95:224-233, 1994.
 
24) Sato T, Sakamoto K:Illustrations and Photographs of Surgical Esophageal anatomy specially prepared for lymph node dissection. Sato T, Iizuka T (Eds) Color Atlas of Surgical Anatomy for Esophageal Cancer, Springer-Verlag, Tokyo, 1992, pp. 25-90.
 
25) Akiyama H:Lymph node metastasis, Surgery for Cancer of the Esophagus. Williams & Wilkins Baltimore, 1990, pp. 117-123.
 
26) Fekete F, Gayet B, Molas GJM:Prophylactic operative techniques:thoracic esophageal squamous cell cancer surgery, with special reference to lymph node removal. In Esophageal Cancer, International Trends in General Thoracic Surgery, NC. Delarne EW, Wilkins Jr Wong, (Eds) . St. Louis, Mosby, 1988, pp. 133.
 
27) Akiyama H, Tsurumaru M, Kawamura T, et al:Principles of surgical treatment for carcinoma of the esophagus. Analysis of lymph node involvement. Ann. Surg. 194:438-445, 1981.
PubMed
28) Skinner DB:En bloc resection for neoplasms of the esophagus and cardia. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 85:59-71, 1983.
 
29) Bumm R, Wong J:More or less surgery for esophageal cancer:Extent of lymphadenectomy in esophagectomy for squamous cell esophageal carcinoma:How much is necessary?. Disease of the Esophagus 7:151-155, 1994.
 
30) Akiyama H, Tsurumaru M, Udagawa H, et al:Systemic lymph node dissection for esophageal cancer-effective or not?. Disease of the Esophagus 7:2-13, 1994.
 
31) Baba M, Aiko T, Natsugoe S, et al:Long-term results of subtotal esophagectomy for carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. Ann. Surg. 219:310-316, 1994.
 
32) Goldminc M, Maddern G, LePrise E, et al:Esophagectomy by a transhiatal approach or thoracotomy;aprospective randomized trial. Br. J. Surg. 80:367-370, 1993.
 
33) Hankins J R, Atter S, Coughlin T R, et al:Carcinoma of the esophagus:A comparison of the results of transhiatal versus transthoracic resection. Ann. Thoracic. Surg. 47:700-705, 1989.
 
34) Isono K, Satou H, Nakayama K:Results of a nationwide study on the three field lymph node dissection of esophageal cancer. Oncology 48:411-420, 1991.
 
35) Kato H, Watanabe H, Tachimori Y, et al:Evaluation of neck lymph node dissection for thoracic esophageal carcinoma. Ann. Thoracic. Surg. 51:931-935, 1991.
PubMed
36) Peracchia A, Roul A, Bardini R, et al:Cancer of thoracic esophagus;What is an adequate lymphadenectomy?. Dig. Surg. 10:141-145, 1993.
 
37) Skinner D, Ferguson M, Soriano A, et al:Selection of operation for esophageal cancer based on staging. Ann. Surg. 204:391-401, 1986.
PubMed
38) 平山 克, 森 昌造:手術成績からみた胸部食道癌に対する術式の選択 2) 拡大郭清と集学的治療について. 外科57 (9) :1039-1046, 1995.
 
39) Kato H:Lymph node dissection for thoracic esophageal carcinoma;Two-and 3-field lymphnode dissection. Ann. Chir. Gynaecol. 84:194-199, 1995.
 
40) 鶴丸昌彦, 宇田川晴司, 梶山美明・他:手術成績からみた胸部食道癌に対する術式の選択:1) 胸部食道扁平上皮癌に対する拡大郭清の適応と限界. 外科57:1032-1038, 1995.
 
41) 井手博子, 江口礼紀, 中村 努・他:胸部食道癌の拡大リンパ節郭清の功罪-術前進行度診断に基づく3領域拡大郭清の評価-. 日消外会誌28:951-955, 1995.
 
42) 藤田博正, 杉町圭蔵, 掛川暉夫:食道癌取扱い規約改訂 2) とくにリンパ節分類について (群分類か, 個数分類か) . 外科57:1004-1009, 1995.
 
43) Matsubara T, Kaise T, Ishiguro M, et al:Better grading systems for evaluating the degree of lymph nodes invasion in cancer of the thoracic esophagus. Jpn. J. Surg. 24:500-505, 1994.
 
44) UICC:TNM Supplement 1993, Hermanek P, Henson DE, Hutter RVP, Sobin LH, (Eds) , Berlin, Springer-Verlag, pp. 119-120, 1993.
 
45) Nakayama K, Yanagisawa F, Nabeya K, et al:Concentrated preoperative irradiation therapy. Arch. Surg. 87:1003-1018, 1963.
 
46) Akakura I, Nakamura Y, Kakegawa T, et al:Surgery of carcinoma of the esophagus with preoperative radiation. Chest 57:145-157, 1970.
 
47) Nakayama K, Kinoshita Y:Cancer of gastrointestinal tract:surgical treatment combined with preoperative concentrated irradiation. JAMA 227:178-181, 1974.
PubMed
48) 天野富薫:食道癌に対するブレオマイシンの効果-術前投与例の病理組織学的所見を中心として-. 日外会誌72:803-816, 1971.
 
49) Sugimachi K, Inokuchi K, Kai H, et al:Preoperative hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy effective for carcinoma of the esophagus. J. Surg. Oncol. 27:622-624, 1984.
 
50) Launois B, Delaurue D, Compion JP, et al:Preoperative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 153:690-692, 1981.
 
51) Gignoux M, Roussel A, Paillot B, et al:The value of preoperative radiotherapy in esophageal cancer:Results of a study of the EORTC. World J. Surg. 11:426-432, 1987.
PubMed
52) Huang GJ, Gu XZ, Wang LJ, et al:Combined preoperative irradiation and surgery versus surgery alone for carcinoma of the midthoracic esophagus:A prospective randomized study in 360 patients. Disease of the Esophagus, (eds.) Fergason K, Little AG, Skinner DB, Vol 1, p 275-281, Futra Publishing Com Inc NY, 1990.
 
53) 渡辺登志男, 森 昌造, 葛西森夫・他:胸部食道癌における術後照射療法-予防的術後照射の評価癌の臨床22:199-202, 1976.
 
54) 井手博子:胸部食道癌術後頸部上縦隔予防照射療法の検討外科診療18:434-438, 1976.
 
55) Kelsen DP:More or less surgery for esophageal cancer:Non-operative therapy of esophageal cancer. Diseases of the Esophagus 7:162-168, 1994.
 
56) Co-operative clinical study group for esophageal carcinoma:Preliminary report on multidisciplinary treatment for esophageal carcinoma. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:215-220, 1980.
 
57) Iizuka T, Ide H, Kakegawa T, et al:Preoperative radioactive therapy for esophageal carcinoma, Randomized evaluation in eight institutions. Chest 93:1054-1058, 1988.
PubMed
58) Japanese Esophageal Oncology Group:A Comparison of Chemotherapy and radiotherapy as adjuvant to surgery for esophageal carcinoma. Chest 104:203-207, 1993.
 
59) Iizuka T, Kakegawa T, Ide H, et al:Phase II evaluation of combined cisplatin and vindesine in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus:Japanese Esophageal Oncologic Group Trial. Jpn. Clin. Oncol. 21:176-179, 1991.
 
60) Iizuka T:Surgical adjuvant treatment of esophageal carcinoma:A Japanese Esophageal Oncology Group Experience. Semin. Oncol. 21:462-466, 1994.
PubMed
61) Iizuka T, Kakegawa T, Ide H, et al:Phase II evaluation of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus:Japanese Esophageal Oncologic Group Trial. Jpn. Clin. Oncol. 22:172-176, 1992.
 
62) 安藤暢敏, 小澤壮治, 飯塚紀文:食道癌集学的治療と化学療法. 外科57:1047-1053, 1995.
 
63) Iizuka T:Multimodal treatment of oesophageal carcinoma. Ann. Chir. Gynecol. 84:216-221, 1995.
 
64) 南出純二, 小泉博義, 青山法夫・他:食道癌集学的治療における術前Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil併用化学療法の安全性と直接効果に関する検討. 日消外会誌27:2384-2390, 1994.
 
65) 吉田一成, 井手博子, 林和彦・他:食道癌に対するCisplatin, 5-FU, Leucovorin 3剤併用による術前化学療法の臨床・病理学的研究. 日胸外会誌43:159-167, 1995.
 
66) Iloson DH, Kelsen DP:Combination modality therapy in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Semin. Oncol. 21 (4) :493-507, 1994.
 
67) Coonley CJ, Bains M, Hilaris B, et al:Cisplatin and bleomycin in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma. A final report. Cancer 54:2351-2355, 1984.
PubMed
68) Kelsen DP, Hilaris B, Coonley C, et al:Cisplatin, vindesine, and bleomycin chemotherapy of local-regional and advanced esophageal carcinoma. Am. J. Med. 75:645-652, 1983.
 
69) Kelsen DP, Fein R, Coonley C, et al:Cisplatin, vindesine, and mitguazone in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:255-259, 1986.
PubMed
70) Forastiere AA, Gennis M, Orringer MB, et al:Cisplatin, vindesine, and mitoguazone chemotherapy for epidermoid and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1143-1149, 1987.
 
71) Kies MS, Rosen ST, Tsang TK, et al:Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in the primary management of squamous esophageal cancer. Cancer 60:2156-2160, 1987.
PubMed
72) Hilgenberg AD, Carey RW, Wilkins EW, et al:Preoperative chemotherapy, surgical resection, and selective postoperative therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Ann. Thoracic. Surg. 45:357-363, 1988.
 
73) Carey WR, Hilgenberg AD, Wilkins EW Jr, et al:Long-term follow-up of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin with surgical resection and possible postoperative radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Cancer Invest. 11:99-105, 1993.
PubMed
74) Ajani JA, Ryan B, Rich TA, et al:Prolonged chemotherapy for localized squamous carcinoma of the esophagus. Eur. J. Cancer 28A:880-884, 1992.
PubMed
75) Okuma T, Yoshioka M, Isechi S, et al:Preoperative chemotherapy for esophageal cancer based on chemosensitivity testing. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 108:823-829, 1994.
PubMed
76) Roth JA, Pass HI, Flanagan MM, et al:Randomized clinical trial of preoperative and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin, vindesine, and bleomycin for carcinoma of the esophagus. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 96:242-248, 1988.
PubMed
77) Schlag P, Herrmann R, Raeth V, et al:Preoperative chemotherapy in esophageal cancer, Aphase II study. Acta Oncologia 27:811-814, 1988.
 
78) Nygaard K, Hagen S, Hansen HS, et al:Pre-operative radiotherapy prolongs survival in operable esophageal carcinoma:A randomized, multicenter study of pre-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The second Scandinavian trial in esophageal cancer. World J. Surg. 16:1104-1109, 1992.
PubMed
79) Franklin R, Steiger Z, Vaishampayan G, et al:Combined modality therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer 51:1062-1071, 1983.
PubMed
80) Leichman L, Steiger Z, Seydel HG, et al:Preoperative chemotherapy and radiation therapy for patients with cancer of the esophagus:Apotentially curative approach. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:75-79, 1984.
 
81) Poplin E, Fleming T, Leichman L, et al:Combined therapies for squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus, a Southwest Oncology Group Study (SWOG-8037) . J. Clin. Oncol. 5:622-628, 1987.
 
82) Syedel HG, Leichman L, Byhardt R, et al:Preoperative radiation and chemotherapy for localized squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus:A RTOG Study. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 14:33-35, 1988.
 
83) Forastiere AA, Orringer MB, Perez-Tamayo C, et al:Preoperative chemoradiation followed by transhital esophagectomy for local-regional cancer of the esophagus:Final reports. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1118-1123, 1993.
 
84) Terz JJ, Leong LA, Lipsett JA, et al:Preoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer of the esophagus. Surgery 114:71-75, 1993.
PubMed
85) Hoff SJ, Stewwart JR, Sawyer JL, et al:Preliminary results with neoadjuvant therapy and resection for esophageal carcinoma. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 56:282-286, 1993.
 
86) Laterza E, Griso C, Urso US, et al:Indication therapy for squamous Carcinoma of thoracic esophagus. Ann Thorac. Surg. 57:1126-1132, 1994.
 
87) 川原克信, 富田正雄:特集 / 進行食道癌, 他臓器合併切除の適応と限界-気管, 気管支, 大動脈-. 外科56:928-934, 1994.
 
88) 食道疾患研究会:全国食道癌登録調査報告, 第10号, 1990.
 
89) Ide H, Nakamura T, Hayashi K, et al:Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma:Pathorogy and Prognosis. World J. Surg. 18:321-330, 1994.
PubMed
90) 西尾正道, 森田晧三, 山田哲也・他:食道癌M0症例の放射線治療成績の全国集計. J. Jpn. Soc. Cancer Ther. 27:912-924, 1992.
 
91) Leichman L, Herskovic A, Leichman CG, et al:Nonoperative therapy for squamous-cell cancer of the esophagus. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:622-628, 1987.
 
92) Coia LR, Engstrom PF, Paul AR, et al:Long-term results of infusional 5-FU, mitomycin-C and radiation as primary management of esophageal carcinoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 20:29-36, 1991.
PubMed
93) John MJ, Flam MS, Mowry PA, et al:Radiotherapy alone and chemoradiation for nonmetastatic esophageal carcinoma. A critical review of chemoradiation. Cancer 63:2397-2403, 1992.
 
94) Herskovic A, Martz K, Al-Sarraf M, et al:Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy compared with radiotherapy alone in patients with cancer of the esophagus. N. Engl. J. Med. 326:1593-1598, 1992.
PubMed
95) 大津 敦, 吉田茂昭:放射線化学療法-食道がん. 臨床医21:100-104, 1995.
 

29. 胃がん

P.605 掲載の参考文献
1) がん研究振興財団編:がんの統計'93. 1993.
 
2) Murad AM, Santiago FF, Petroianu A, et al:Modified therapy with 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and methotrexate in advanced gastric cancer. Cancer 72:37-41, 1993
PubMed
3) Glimelius B, Hoffman K, Haglund U, et al:Initial or delayed chemotherapy with best supportive care in advanced gastric cancer. Ann. Oncol. 5:189-190, 1994
PubMed
4) Pyrhonen S, Kuitunen T, Nyandoto P, et al:Randomized comparison of fluorouracil epidoxorubicin and methotrexate (FEMTX) plus supportive care with supportive care alone in patients with non-resectable gastric cancer. Br. J. Cancer 71:587-591, 1995
PubMed
5) 中村朗, 小尾俊太郎. 林田典子・他:切除不能進行胃癌に対するbest supportive care (BSC) の長期成績. #示-283日癌治療会誌30:1488, 1995.
 
6) 胃癌研究会編:胃癌取扱い規約, (改訂第12版) , 金原出版, 東京, 1993.
 
7) MacDonald JS:Cancer of the stomach. "Cancer, principle & practice of oncology". 4th ed. J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 838-848.
 
8) MacDonald JS, Schein P, Woolley P, et al:5-fluorouracil, mitomycin-C, and Adriamycin (FAM) :A new combination chemotherapy program for advanced gastric carcinoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 93:533-536, 1980.
 
9) Klein H, Wickramanayake P, Farrokh G:5-FU, adriamycin and methotrexate-acombination protocol (FAMTX) for treatment of metastasized stomach cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 84, 1986.
 
10) Wils J, Bleiberg H, Dalesio O, et al:An EORTC Gastrointestinal Group evaluation of combination sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil, combined with adriamycin in advanced measurable gastric cnacer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1799-1803, 1986.
 
11) Preusser P, Wilke H, Dalesio O, et al:Phase II study with the combination etoposide, doxorubicin and cisplatin in advanced measurable gastric cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1310-1317, 1989.
 
12) Ohtsu A, Yoshida S, Saito D, et al:An eary phase II study of 5-fluorouracil combined with cisplatinum as a second line chemotherapy against metastatic gastric cancer. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 21:120-124, 1991.
 
13) Ohtsu A, Shimada Y, Yoshida S, et al:Phase II study of protracted infusional 5-fluorouracil combined with cisplatinum for advanced gastric cancer:Report from the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) . Eur. J. Cancer 30A:2091-2093, 1994.
PubMed
14) Blijham G, Bleiberg H, Duez N, et al:An EORTC phase II study of sequential methotrexate-fluorouracil in locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Eur. J. Cnacer 26:63-65, 1990.
PubMed
15) 赤沢修吾, 太田和雄, 栗原 稔・他:多施設共同研究による1-Leucovorin・5-FU併用療法の進行胃癌に対する後期第II相試験. J. Jpn. Soc. Cancer Ther. 30:569-583, 1995.
 
16) 竹田彬一, 田口鐵男, 太田 潤・他:多施設共同研究による1-Leucovorin・5-FU併用療法の進行胃癌に対する後期第II相試験. 癌と化学療法22:903-910, 1995.
 
17) Kurihara M, Izumi T, Yoshida S, et al:A cooperative randomized study on tegafur plus mitomycin C versus combined tegafur and uracil plus mitomycin C in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 82:613-620, 1991.
 
18) Koizumi W, Kurihara M, Sasai T, et al:A phase II study of combination therapy with 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer with primary foci. Cancer 72:658-662, 1993.
PubMed
19) Wils JA, Klein HO, Wagener DJ, et al:Sequential high-dose methotrexate and fluorouracil combined with doxorubicin-a step ahead in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer:a trial of the Eurpean Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Gastrointestinal Tract Cooperrative Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:827-831, 1991.
 
20) Kelsen D, Atiq OT, Saltz L, et al:FAMTX versus etoposide, Adriamycin, cisplaton:a random assignment trial in gastric cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:541-548, 1992.
PubMed
21) Kim NK, Park YS, Heo DS, et al:A phase III randomized study of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin versus 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin C versus 5-fluorouracil alone in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Cancer 71:3813-3818, 1993
PubMed
22) Cullinan SA, Moertel CG, Wieand HS, et al:Controlled evaluation of three drug combination regimens versus fluorouraciol alone for the therapy of advanced gasrtic cancer. North Central Cancer Treatment Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:412-416, 1994.
 
23) Wilke H, Wils J, Rougier PH, et al:Preliminary analysis of a randomized phase III trial of FAMTX versus ELF versus cisplatin/FU in advanced gastric cancer cooperative group and the AIO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft internistische onkologie) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 500, 1995.
 
24) Shirao K, Shimada Y, Kondo H, et al:Phase I study of CPT-11 (Irinotecan) combined with cisplatin (CDDP) for metastatic gastric cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 645, 1994.
 
25) 笹子三津留, 佐野 武, 片井 均・他:胃癌における術後補助化学療法に関する臨床試験の現状. 癌と化学療法21:Suppl. III:384-394, 1994.
 
26) Nakajima T, Takahashi T, Yakagi K, et al:Comparison of 5-fluorouracil with ftorafur in adjuvant chemotherapy with combined inductive and maintenance therapies for gastric cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:1366-1371, 1984.
 
27) 山村義孝, 西村美知子, 坂本純一・他:Mitomycin C, 5-Fluorouracil, OK-432併用による胃癌の補助免疫化学療法. 癌と化学療法13:2134-2140, 1986.
 
28) Hermans J, Bonenkamp JJ, Boon MC, et al:Adjuvant therapy after curative resection for gastric cancer:meta-analysis of randomized trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1441-1447, 1993.
PubMed
29) Hagiowara A, Takahashi T, Kojima O:Prophylaxis with carbon-absorbed mitomycin against peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer. Lancet 339:629-631, 1993.
 
30) Nakazato H, Koike A, Saji S, et al:Efficacy of immunochemotherapy as adjuvant treatment after curative resction of gastric cancer. Lancet 343:1122-1126, 1994.
 

30. 膵がん

P.631 掲載の参考文献
1) 織田敏次, 石井兼央, 内藤聖二:膵臓の病気. 中外医学社, 東京, 1969.
 
2) 竹内 正編:膵臓病学. 南江堂, 東京, 1993.
 
3) 日本膵臓病研究会編 (規約作成小委員会委員長 土屋涼一) :外科・病理膵癌取扱い規約. 金原出版, 東京, 1980.
 
4) 日本膵臓学会編 (規約検討委員会委員長 水本龍二) :膵癌取扱い規約. 金原出版, 東京, 1993.
 
5) Moosa AR (ed) :Tumors of the pancreas. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore/London, 1980.
 
6) 尾崎秀雄:膵癌の臨床. 新興医学出版, 東京, 1982.
 
7) 土屋涼一:膵臓の歴史-膵癌を中心として. 日外会誌86:375-380, 1985.
 
8) 森岡恭彦, 跡見 裕, 黒田 慧・他:膵臓の外科II, 腫瘍および類似疾患. 新外科学大系27 B, 中山書店, 東京, 1989, pp. 117-271.
 
9) Baumel H, Deixonne B:Exocrine pancreatic cancer. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.
 
10) Beazley R, Cohn I:Tumors of the pancreas, gallbladder, and extrahepatic ducts. In:Holleb AI, Fink DJ, Murphy GP (eds) :Clinical Oncology. American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, 1991, pp. 219-236.
 
11) Ozaki H:Improvement of pancreatic cancer treatment from the Japanese experience in the 1980s. Int. J. Pancreatol. 12:5-9, 1992.
PubMed
12) Warshaw AL, Castillo CF:Pancreatic carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 326:455-465, 1992.
 
13) 地域医療計画の策定に伴う地域がん診療施設の整備拡充に関する研究. 平成5年度報告書 (主任研究者:庄司忠實) . 平成6年3月, 厚生省, 東京, p. 61.
 
14) 日本膵臓学会膵癌登録委員会 (委員長 斉藤洋一) :全国膵癌登録調査報告10年度分総集計, 1991.
 
15) 日本膵臓学会膵癌登録委員会 (委員長 斉藤洋一) :膵癌全国登録調査報告(1993年度症例の要約) . 膵臓9:499-527, 1994.
 
16) Yanagisawa A, Ohashi K, Hori M, et al:Ductectatic-type mucinous cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma of the human pancreas-a novel clinicopathological entity. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:474-479, 1993.
PubMed
17) Tschang T-P, Carza-Carza R, Kissane JM:Pleomorphic carcinoma of the pancreas. Cancer 38:2114-2126, 1977.
 
18) Obara T, Maguchi H, Saitoh Y, et al:Mucin-producing tumor of the pancreas:natural history and serial pancreatogram changes. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 88:564-569, 1993.
PubMed
19) Hsueh C, Kuo T-t:Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas. Int. J. Pancreatol. 12:305-313, 1992.
PubMed
20) 厚生統計協会:国民衛生の動向1991年. 厚生の指標41 (9) :400, 412-413.
 
21) 祖父江逸郎:臨床の視点. 第24回日本医学会総会講演, 名古屋市, 1995年4月.
 
22) 中井吉英, 美根和典, 島田 章・他:慢性腹痛の心身医学的診断. 心身医学22:306-313, 1982.
 
23) Fras I, Litin EM, and Bartholomew LG:Mental symptoms as an aid in the early diagnosis of carcinoma of the pancreas. Gastroenterology 55:191-197, 1968.
PubMed
24) 安部宗顕, 原 泰寛, 若杉英之, 中山健二:腹部触診・腰背部叩打診について. 治療53:757-763, 1971.
 
25) 寺澤捷年:症例から学ぶ和漢診療学. 医学書院, 東京, 1990.
 
26) 有山 襄:膵癌の画像診断と治療成績 (会長講演) . 第26回日本膵臓学会大会. 膵臓10:131, 1995.
 
27) 池田靖洋:膵管像からみた膵疾患の臨床と病理. 医学書院, 東京, 1991.
 
28) Palazzo L, Roseau G, Gayet B, et al:Endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma:Results of a prospective study with comparison to ultrasonography and CT scan. Endoscopy 25:143-150, 1993.
PubMed
29) 冨山 剛, 上野規男:膵疾患診断における超音波カラードップラ法の意義. 膵臓10:141, 1995.
 
30) Balthazar EJ, Chako AC:Computed tomography of pancreatic masses. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 85:343-349, 1990.
PubMed
31) Freeny PC, Traverso LW, Ryan JA:Diagnosis and staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma with dynamic computed tomography. Am. J. Surg. 165:600-606, 1993.
PubMed
32) Stark DD, Moss AA, Goldberg HI, et al:Magnetic resonance and CT of the normal and diseased pancreas:A comparative study. Radiology 150:153-162, 1984.
PubMed
33) Gehl HB, Urhahn R, Bohndorf K, et al:Mn-DPDP in MR imaging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma:Initial clinical experience. Radiology 186:795-798, 1993.
PubMed
34) Sato T, Saitoh Y, Koyama K, Watanabe K:Preoperative determination of operability in carcinomas of the pancreas and the periampullary region. Ann. Surg. 168:876-886, 1968.
PubMed
35) Suzuki T, Kawabe K, Imamura M, Honjo I:Survival of patients with cancer of the pancreas in relation to findings on arteriography. Ann. Surg. 176:37-41, 1972.
PubMed
36) 戸田信正, 大橋計彦, 中村常哉:膵管内視鏡診断. 総合臨牀43:278-284, 1994.
 
37) Steinberg WM, Gelfand R, Anderson KK, et al:Comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of the CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen assays in decting cancer of the pancreas. Gastroenterology 90:343-349, 1986.
 
38) 杉町圭蔵, 近藤重信, 若杉英之:腫瘍マーカーの現状と今後の展望. 臨牀と研究66:1608-1617, 1989.
 
39) Kimura T, Wakasugi H, Ibayashi H:Clinical study of exocrine pancreatic function test by oral administration of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid. Digestion 21:133-139, 1981.
 
40) 膵液測定検討小委員会最終報告. 日消誌84:1920, 1987.
 
41) 木村寿成:膵疾患におけるElastase 1に関する研究. 日消誌76:2004-2016, 1979.
 
42) Nakaizumi A, Tatsuta M, Uehara H, et al:A prospective trial of early detection of pancreatic cancer by ultrasonographic examination combined with measurement of serum elastase 1. Cancer 69:936-940, 1992.
PubMed
43) 井口東郎, 安田大助, 河野 彬・他:膵癌におけるKi-ras癌遺伝子突然変異. 肝胆膵25:1131-1137, 1992.
 
44) Barton CM, Staddon SL, Hughes CM, et al:Abnormalities of the p 53 tumour suppressor gene in human pancreatic cancer. Br. J. Cancer 64:1076-1082, 1991.
 
45) 若杉英之, 山田幸生, 瀬尾洋介:膵癌と糖代謝異常. 肝胆膵24:451-458, 1992.
 
46) Fisher WE, McCullough PJ, Ray MB, et al:Diabetes enhances growth of pancreatic carcinoma cells. Surgery 104:431-436, 1988.
PubMed
47) Pour PM:The role of Langerhans islets in exocrine pancreatic cancer. Int. J. Pancreat. 17:217-223, 1995.
 
48) 若杉英之, 船越顕博, 瀬尾洋介・他:膵癌における消化吸収異常. クリニカ17:60-64, 1990.
 
49) 原 泰寛, 若杉英之, 高橋 功:D-xylose Tolerance Testの検討. 福岡医誌61:14-18, 1970.
 
50) Nakamori S, Yashima K, Murakami Y, et al:Association of p 53 gene mutations with short survival in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 86:174-181, 1995.
 
51) Herrington MK and Adrian TE:On the role of cholecystokinin in pancreatic cancer. Int. J. Pancreatol. 17:121-138, 1995.
PubMed
52) Ammann RW, Knoblauch M, Mohr P, et al:High incidence of extrapancreatic carcinoma in chronic pancreatitis. Scand. J. Gastroent. 15:395-399, 1980.
PubMed
53) Rocca G, Gaia E, Iuliano R, et al:Increased incidence of cancer in chronic pancreatitis. J. Clin. Gastroenterology 9:175-179, 1987.
 
54) Yamaguchi K:Pancreatic carcinoma associated with chronic calcifying pancreatitis. Int. J. Pancreatol. 12:297-303, 1992.
PubMed
55) Lowenfels AB, Maisonneuve P, Cavallini G, et al:Pancreatitis and the risk of pancreatic cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 328:1433-1437, 1993.
PubMed
56) Bansal P, Sonnenbery A:Pancreatitis is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology 109:247-251, 1995.
PubMed
57) 古川正人:膵癌の治療と予後石井兼央, 土屋涼一編:膵臓-基礎と臨床-, 金原出版, 東京, 1976, pp. 310-335.
 
58) Singh SM, Longmire WP Jr, Reber HA:Surgical palliation for pancreatic cancer:The UCLA experience. Ann. Surg. 212:132-139, 1990.
PubMed
59) Ozaki H:Modern surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer. Int. J. Pancreatol. 16:121-129, 1994.
PubMed
60) Zerbi A, Balzano G, Bottura R, DiCarlo V:Reliability of pancreatic cancer staging classifications. Int. J. Pancreatol. 15:13-18, 1994.
 
61) Tsunoda T, Ura K, Eto T, et al:UICC and Japanese stage classifications for carcinoma of the pancreas. Int. J. Pancreatol. 8:205-214, 1991.
PubMed
62) 中尾昭公, 原田明生, 野浪敏明・他:膵癌の神経浸潤に関する臨床病理学的検討. 第26回日本膵臓学会大会報告, 横浜市, 1995年5月.
 
63) Cameron JL, Christ DW, Sitzmann JV, et al:Factors influencing survival after pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer. Am. J. Surg. 161:120-125, 1991.
 
64) Allema JH, Reinders ME, van Gulik TM, et al:Prognostic factors for survival after pancreaticoduodenectomy for patients with carcinoma of the pancreatic head region. Cancer 75:2069-2076, 1995.
PubMed
65) Tsuchiya R, Noda T, Harada N, et al:Collective review of small carcinomas of the pancreas. Ann. Surg. 203:77-81, 1986.
PubMed
66) Amikura K, Kobari M, Matsuno S:The time of occurrence of liver metastasis in carcinoma of the pancreas. Int. J. Pancreatol. 17:139-146, 1995.
PubMed
67) 安部宗顕, 瀬尾洋介, 秦 一雄他:切除不能膵癌の集学的治療. 石井兼央編:膵癌, 内科Mook 39, 金原出版, 東京, 1989, pp. 169-176.
 
68) Moertel CG, Frytak S, Hahn RG, et al (The Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group) :Therapy of locally unresectable pancreatic cancer:A randomised comparison of high dose (6, 000 rads) radiation alone, moderate dose radiation (4, 000 rads) plus 5-fluorouracil, and high dose radiation plus 5-fluorouracil. Cancer 48:1705-1710, 1981.
 
69) Schifeling DJ, Konski AA, Howard JM, et al:Radiation therapy and 5-fluorouracil modulated by leucovorin for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Int. J. Pancreatol. 12:239-243, 1992.
PubMed
70) Shibamoto Y, Manabe T, Baba N, et al:High dose external beam and intraoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of resectable and unresectable pancreatic cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 19:605-611, 1990.
 
71) 秦 一雄, 和田 進, 宮崎麻知子・他:膵癌-非切除進行癌に対する治療, 術中照射肝胆膵25:795-799, 1992.
 
72) Okamoto A, Tsuruta K, Isawa T, et al:Intraoperative radiation therapy for pancreatic carcinoma. Int. J. Pancreatol. 16:157-164, 1994.
PubMed
73) Halslam JB, Cavanaugh PJ, Stroup SL:Radiation therapy in the treatment of irresectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Cancer 32:1341-1345, 1973.
 
74) Abe M, Takahashi M:Intraoperative radiotherapy:The Japanese experience. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 7:863-868, 1981.
PubMed
75) Wong A, Chan A:Survival benefit of tamoxifen therapy in adenocarcinoma of pancreas. Cancer 71:2200-2203, 1993.
PubMed
76) 栗原雄二郎, 檀 健二郎:神経ブロック-腹腔神経叢ブロックを中心に-. ペインクリニック9:466-473, 1988.
 
77) Daly JM, Gallagher H, Motyka L:Nutritional support in the cancer patient. 癌と化学療法19:588-595, 1992.
 
78) 若杉英之, 馬場 崇, 瀬尾洋介・他:膵癌治療における高カロリー輸液 (IVH) の有用性に関する検討医療49:205-210, 1995.
 
79) 若杉英之, 貞元健一, 古藤和浩・他:膵癌の放射線・化学療法肝胆膵30:681-690, 1995.
 
80) Evans DB, Rich TA, Byrd DR, et al:Preoperative chemoradiation and pancreaticoduodenectomy for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Arch. Surg. 127:1335-1339, 1992.
PubMed
81) 石川 治:術前照射と根治手術. 消化器病セミナー47, へるす出版, 東京, 1992, pp. 73-82.
 
82) 加賀美芳和, 西尾正道, 成末直人・他:切除不能膵癌に対する放射線治療-外部照射例の検討-. 日癌治27:754-758, 1992.
 
83) Hiraoka T, Uchino R, Kanemitsu K, et al:Combination of intraoperative radiation with resection of cancer of the pancreas. Int. J. Pancreatol. 7:201-207, 1990.
PubMed
84) 若杉英之, 瀬尾洋介, 山田幸生・他:膵癌の化学療法に関する研究-5-FUの培養ヒト膵癌細胞 (SUIT-2) におよぼす効果の検討-. 医療49:295-297, 1994.
 
85) 石井 浩, 岡田周市, 野瀬晴彦・他:局所進行膵管癌に対する放射線化学療法. 第26回日本膵臓学会大会報告, 横浜市, 1995年5月.
 
86) Shipley WU, Wood WC, Tepper JE, et al:Intraoperative electron beam irradiation for patients with unresectable pancreatic carcinoma. Ann. Surg. 200:289-296, 1984.
PubMed
87) Magyar E, Talerman A, Treurniet E:Radiation pancreatitis:A necropsy study. Act. Med. Acad. Sci. Hung. 37:183-190, 1980.
 
88) Stolinsky DC, Pugh RP, Bateman JR:5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893) therapy for pancreatic carcinoma:Comparison of oral and intravenous routes. Cancer Chemother. Rep. Part 159:1031-1033, 1975.
 
89) Hansen R, Quebbeman E, Ritch P, et al:Continuous 5-fluorouracil (5 FU) infusion in carcinoma of the pancreas-A phase II study. Am. J. Med. Sci. 295:91-93, 1988.
PubMed
90) Kajanti MJ, Pyronen SO:Phase II trial of oral carmofur in advanced pancreatic carcinoma. Ann. Oncol. 2:765-766, 1991.
 
91) Bukowski RM, Fleming TR, Macdonald JS, et al:Evaluation of combination chemotherapy and phase II agents in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cancer 71:322-325, 1993.
PubMed
92) 若杉英之, 新生修一, 瀬尾洋介:膵癌の化学療法. 胆と膵15:105-113, 1994.
 
93) Kato H, Wakasugi H, Yokota M, et al:Effectiveness of chemotherapy for advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in combined modality therapy. Intern. Med. 33:142-146, 1994.
PubMed
94) Matsuno S, Hisano H, Kobari M, Akaishi S:Growth-inhibitory effects of combination chemotherapy for human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Cancer 66:2369-2374, 1990.
PubMed
95) Civalleri D, Pector J-C, HSkansson L, et al:Treatment of patients with irresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer by chemo-occlusion with degradable starch microspheres. Brit. J. Surg. 81:1338-1341, 1994.
 
96) 膵癌の治療効果判定基準作成委員会 (委員長 佐藤寿雄→尾崎秀雄) :膵癌の治療効果判定基準 (案) . 膵臓7:107-121, 1992.
 
97) 劉 文恒, 若杉英之:悪性腫瘍治療の効果と予後指数との相互関係に関する臨床的研究. 医療48:606-611, 1994.
 
98) Falconer JS, Fearon KCH, Ross JA, et al:Acute-phase protein response and survival duration of patients with pancreatic cancer. Cancer 75:2077-2082, 1995.
 
99) 大越恵一郎, 新生修一, 山田幸生・他:膵癌非手術剖検症例の予後と長期生存例に関する検討. 膵臓10:265-271, 1995.
 
100) Lesesne JB, Rothschild N, Erickson B, et al:Cancer-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome:Analysis of 85 cases from a national registry. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:781-789, 1989.
 
101) 若杉英之, 大島 彰, 馬場 崇・他:膵・肝領域における癌診療とQuality of Life. 医療48:21-26, 1994.
 
102) Weil M, Smith M, Khayat D:Truth-telling to cancer patients in the Western European context. Psycho-oncology 3:21-26, 1994.
 
103) Kelsen DP, Portenoy RK, Thaler HT, et al:Pain and depression in patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:748-755, 1995.
PubMed

31. 肝がん, 胆嚢がん

P.647 掲載の参考文献
1) 日本肝癌研究会:原発性肝癌に関する追跡調査-第11報-. 肝臓 36:208-218, 1995.
 
2) 原発性肝癌取扱い規約 (第3版) , 日本肝癌研究会編, 金原出版, 東京, 1992.
 
3) 山崎 晋, 長谷川博, 幕内雅敏:最小肝癌の臨床病理学的分析と, それに基づく新しい概念の切除法-27切除例の検討肝臓 22:1714-1724, 1981.
 
4) Okazaki N, Yoshida T, Yoshino M, et al:Screening of patients with chronic liver disease for hepatocellular carcinoma by ultrasonography. Clin. Oncol. 10:241-246, 1984.
PubMed
5) Arakawa M, Kage M, Sugihara S, et al:Emergence of malignant lesions within an adenomatous hyperplastic nodule in a cirrhotic liver-observation in five cases. Gastroenterology 91:198-208, 1986.
 
6) Wada K, Kondo F, Kondo Y, et al:Large regenerative nodules and dysplastic nodules in cirrhotic livers:a histopathologic study. Hepatology 8:1684-1688, 1988.
 
7) Furuya K, Nakamura M, Yamamoto Y, et al:Macrogenerative nodule of the liver-a clinicopathological study of 345 autopsy cases of chronic liver disease. Cancer 61:99-105, 1988.
PubMed
8) Takayama T, Makuuchi M, Hirohashi S, et al:Malignant transformation of adenomatous hyperplasia to hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 36:1150-1153, 1990.
 
9) Kanai T, Hirohashi S, Upton MP, et al:Pathology of small hepatocellular carcinoma-a proposal for a new gross classification. Cancer 60:810-819, 1987.
PubMed
10) Sakamoto M, Hirohashi S, Shimosato Y, et al:Early stages of multistep hepatocarcinogenesis adenomatous hyperplasia and early hepatocellular carcinoma. Human Pathol. 22:172-178, 1991.
PubMed
11) Aihara T, Noguchi S, Sasaki Y, et al:Clonal analysis of regenerative nodules in hepatitis C virus-induced liver cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 107:1805-1811, 1994.
PubMed
12) Takayasu K, Moriyama N, Muramatsu Y, et al:The diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinomas:efficacy of various imaging procedures in 100 patients. Am. J. Raentgenol. 155:49-54, 1990.
 
13) Matsui O, Kadoya M, Kameyama T, et al:Benign and malignant nodules in cirrhotic livers:distinction based on blood supply. Radiology 178:493-497, 1991.
PubMed
14) Muramatsu Y, Nawano S, Takayasu K, et al:Early hepatocellular carcinopma:MR imaging. Radiology 181:209-213, 1991.
 
15) Itai Y, Araki T, Furui S, et al:Differential diagnosis of hepatic masses on computed tomography, with particular reference to hepatocellular carcinoma. J. Comput. Assisst. Tomogr. 5:834-842, 1981.
 
16) Ros PR, Murphy BJ, Buck JL, et al:Encapsulated hepatocellular carcinoma:radiologic findings and pathologic correlation. Gastrointest. Radiol. 15:233-237, 1990.
PubMed
17) Sato M, Watanabe Y, Lee T, et al:Well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma:clinicopathological features and results of hepatic resection. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 90:112-116, 1995.
PubMed
18) Takayasu K, Furukawa H, Wakao F, et al:CT diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma:sensitivity, findings, and CT pathologic correlation. Am. J. Raentgenol. 164:885-890, 1995.
 
19) 原発性肝がんの病態に応じた治療方針の選択に関する研究, 厚生省平成3年度対癌10ヵ年総合戦略プロジェクト研究報告書. 151-155, 1992.
 
20) Gozzetti G, Mazziotti A, Cavallari A, et al:Clinical experience with hepatic resections for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 166:503-510, 1988.
PubMed
21) Nagasue N, Kohno H, Chang YC, et al:Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann. Surg. 217:375-384, 1993.
PubMed
22) Iwatsuki S, Startzl TE:Personal experience with 411 hepatic resections. Ann. Surg. 208:421-434, 1988.
 
23) Tsuzuki T, Sugioka A, Ueda M, et al:Hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Surgery 107:511-520, 1990.
PubMed
24) Sasaki Y, Imaoka S, Masutani S, et al:Influence of coexisting cirrhosis on long-term prognosis after surgery in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Surgery 112:515-521, 1992.
PubMed
25) Chen PJ, Chen DS, Lai MY, et al:Clonal origin of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 87:1514-1519, 1990.
 
26) Hsu HC, Chion TJ, Chen JY, et al:Clonality and clonal evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma with multiple nodules. Hepatology 13:923-928, 1991.
 
27) Eguchi A, Nakashima O, Okudaira S, et al:Adenomatous hyperplasia in the vicinity of small hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 15:843-848, 1992.
PubMed
28) Oda T, Tsuda H, Sakamoto M, et al:Mutation pattern of the p 53 gene as a diagnostic marker for multiple hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res. 52:3674-3678, 1992.
 
29) Tsuda H, Oda T, Sakamoto M, et al:Different pattern of chromosomal alle loss in multiple hepatocellular carcinoma as evidence of their multifocal origin. Cancer Res. 52:1504-1509, 1992.
 
30) Esumi M, Aritaka T:Clonal origin of human hepatoma determined by integration of hepatitis virus DNA. Cancer Res. 46:5767-5771, 1986.
PubMed
31) Sakamoto M, Hirohashi S, Tsuda H, et al:Multicentric independent development of hepatocellular carcinoma revealed by analysis of hepatitis B virus integration pattern. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 13:1064-1068, 1989.
PubMed
32) 池田健次:肝癌の外科切除と再発. 肝細胞癌の予知, 診断, 治療. 第1版, メディカルビュー社, 大阪, 1995. pp. 48-66.
 
33) Sato M, Watanabe Y, Lee T, et al:Well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma:clinicopathological features and results of hepatic resection. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 90:112-116, 1995.
PubMed
34) 岩本伸一, 佐々木洋, 今岡真義・他:Stage IV 肝細胞癌に対する肝切除の意義. 日消外会誌25:2118-2122, 1992.
 
35) 佐々木洋, 今岡真義, 岩本伸一・他:Stage IV 肝細胞癌に対する肝切除の意義とその適応-TAE治療との比較検討-. 日外会誌93:1107-1110, 1992.
 
36) Sasaki Y, Imaoka S, Shibata T, et al:Decollateralization with silicone rubber sheeting for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma:a preliminary report. Surgery 108:840-846, 1990.
PubMed
37) Nagao T, Inoue S, Yoshimi F, et al:Postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann. Surg. 211:28-33, 1990.
PubMed
38) 泉 良平, 小林弘信, 谷屋隆雄・他:肝細胞癌の再発例の検討. 日消外会誌21:831-835, 1988.
 
39) Vauthey JN, Klimstra D, Franceschi D, et al:Factors affecting long-term outcome after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Am. J. Surg. 169:28-35, 1995.
PubMed
40) Yamanaka N, Okamoto E, Toyosaka A, et al:Prognostic factors after hepatecomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. A univariate and multivariate analysis. Cancer 65:1104-1110, 1990.
 
41) Shirabe K, Kanematsu T, Matsumata T, et al:Factors linked to early recurrence of small hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy. Univariate and multivariate analysis. Hepatology 14:802-805, 1991.
PubMed
42) Nonami T, Isshiki K, Katoh H, et al:The potential role of postoperative hepatic artery chemotherapy in patients with high-risk hepatomas. Ann. Surg. 213:222-226, 1991.
PubMed
43) Arii S, Tanaka J, Yamazoe Y, et al:Predictive factors for intrahepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy. Cancer 69:913-919, 1992.
PubMed
44) Ikeda K, Saitoh S, Tsubota A, et al:Risk factors for tumor recurrence and prognosis after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 71:19-25, 1993.
 
45) Lai ECS, Ng IOL, Ng MMT, et al:Long-term results of resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma. A multivariate analysis of clinicopathological factors. Hepatology 11:815-818, 1990.
 
46) Ishizu H, Uchino Y, Une Y, et al:Ploidy pattern of nuclear DNA of hepatocellular carcinoma and its biologic characteristics. Acta Hepatol. Jpn. 29:1078-1086, 1988.
 
47) Haratake J, Takeda S, Kasai T, et al:Predictive factors for estimating prognosis of patients after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 72:1178-1183, 1993.
PubMed
48) 渡辺 心:モノクロナール抗体 Ki-67 を用いたフローサイトメトリーによる原発性肝細胞癌増殖活性の検討日外会誌96:439-447, 1995.
 
49) Kitamoto M, Nakanishi T, Kita S, et al:The assessment of proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemical staining in small hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship to histologic characteristics and prognosis. Cancer 72:1859-1865, 1993.
 
50) 岩本伸一, 石黒信吾, 佐々木洋・他:肝細胞癌の病理学的悪性度と cadherin. 病理と臨床12:1859-1865, 1993.
 
51) Hsu HC, Tseng HJ, Lai PL, et al:Expression of p53 gene in 184 unifocal hepatocellular carcinomas:association with tumor growth and invasiveness. Cancer Res. 53:4691-4694, 1993.
PubMed
52) Masutani S, Sasaki Y, Imaoka S, et al:The prognostic significance of surgical margin in liver resection of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Arch. Surg. 129:1025-1030, 1994.
PubMed
53) Ozawa K, Takayasu T, Kumada K, et al:Experience with 225 hepatic resections for hepatocellular carcinoma over a 4-year period. Am. J. Surg. 161:677-682, 1991.
 
54) Nagasue N, Yukawa H, Chang YU, et al:Assessment of pattern and treatment of intrahepatic recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 171:217-222, 1990.
 
55) Ohto M, Ebara M, Watanabe Y, et al:Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEI) for small hepatocellular carcinoma. Evaluation of its utility on the basis of tumor-image and survival after therapy. Jpn. J Med. Imaging 7:25-33, 1988.
 
56) Ebara M, Ohto M, Sugihara N, et al:Percutaneous ethanol injection for the treatment of small herpatocellular carcinoma. Study of 95 cases. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 5:616-626, 1990.
 
57) 北 和彦, 江原正明, 杉浦信之・他:小肝細胞癌に対する経皮的エタノール注入療法 (PEI) -長期観察に基づく抗腫瘍効果と予後の検討-. 日消病会誌91:1949-1955, 1994.
 
58) Tanikawa K, Majima Y:Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology 40:324-327, 1993.
PubMed
59) 池田健次:肝細胞癌に対するエタノール局注療法肝細胞癌の予知, 診断, 治療. 第1版, メディカルビュー社, 大阪, 1995, pp. 67-83.
 
60) Breedis C, Yong G.:The blood supply of neoplasms in the liver. Am. J. Pathol. 30:969-985, 1954.
 
61) Wheeler PG, Melia W, Dubbins P, et al:Non-operative arterial embolization in primary liver tumors. Br. Med. J. 2:242-244, 1979.
PubMed
62) Chuang VP, Wallace S.:Current status of transcatheter management of neoplasms. Cardiovasc. Intervent. Radiol. 3:256-267, 1980.
PubMed
63) Yamada R, Sato M, Kawabata M, et al:Hepatic artery embolization in 120 patients with unresectable hepatoma. Radiology 148:397-401, 1983.
PubMed
64) Hirai K, Kawazoe Y, Yamashita K, et al:Arterial chemotherapy and transcatheter arterial embolization therapy for non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 23 (Suppl.) :s37-s41, 1989.
 
65) Venook AP, Stagg RJ, Lewis BJ, et al:Chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1108-1114, 1990.
PubMed
66) 打田日出夫, 大石 元:Interventional angiography:embolizationの基本事項. 治療68:699-702, 1986.
 
67) Sasaki Y, Imaoka S, Kasugai H, et al:A new approach to chemoembolization therapy for hepatoma using ethiodized oil, cisplatin, and gelatin sponge. Cancer 60:1194-1203, 1987.
PubMed
68) Nakamura H, Hashimoto T, Oi H, et al:Transcatheter oily chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma. Radiology 170:783-786, 1989.
PubMed
69) Uchida H, Ohishi H, Matsuo N, et al:Transcatheter hepatic segmental arterial embolization using Lipiodol mixed with an anticancer drug and Gelfoam particles for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cardiovasc. Intervent. Radiol. 13:140-145, 1990.
PubMed
70) Matsui O, Kadota M, Yoshikawa J, et al:Subsegmental transcatheter arterial embolization for small hepatocellular carcinoma:local therapeutic effect and 5-year survival rate. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 33 (Suppl.) :s84-s 88, 1994.
 
71) Groupe D' Etude et de traitement du carcinome hepatocellulaire:A comparison of lipiodol chemoembolization and conservative treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 332:1256-1261, 1995.
 
72) Sasaki Y, Imaoka S, Fujita M, et al:Regional therapy in the treatment of intrahepatic recurrence after surgery for hepatoma. Ann. Surg. 206:40-47, 1987.
PubMed
73) Imaoka S, Sasaki Y, Shibata T, et al:A pre-operative chemoembolization therapy using lipiodol, cisplatin, and gelatin sponge for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 23 (Suppl.) :s 126-s 128, 1989.
 
74) 柴田 高, 佐々木洋, 今岡真義・他:肝細胞癌に対するリピオドール, シスプラチンサンドイッチ療法の抗腫瘍効果と遠隔成績 日外会誌91:859-863, 1989.
 
75) Ikeda K, Kumada H, Saitoh S, et al:Effect of repeated transcatheter arterial embolization on the survival time in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma:an analysis by Cox proportional hazard model. Cancer 68:2150-2154, 1991.
PubMed
76) 池田健次, 村島直哉, 竹内和男・他:肝癌に対する動脈塞栓術後の肝動脈主幹部閉塞と肝動脈 spasm との関連について. 肝臓25:1153-1159, 1984.
 
77) Okuda K, Kubo Y, Okazaki N, et al:Clinical aspects of intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma including hilar carcinoma. A study of 57 autopsy-proven cases. Cancer 39:232-246, 1977.
PubMed
78) 山崎 晋, 山本順司:肝内胆管癌:新しい肉眼分類. 肝胆膵30:480-484 , 1995.
 
79) 杉浦信之, 甲島洋平, 真田昌彦・他:肝内胆管癌:画像診断肝胆膵30:480-484, 1995.
 
80) Takayasu K, Ikeda S, Mukai K, et al:CT of hilar cholangiocarcinoma:Late contrast enhancement in six patients. Am. J. Roentgenol. 1524:1203-1206, 1990.
 
81) 篠原靖志, 竜 崇正, 渋谷幸喜・他:胆管造影CT三次元イメージングによる肝内胆管枝の描出. 日本臨牀49:1893-1897, 1991.
 
82) Dooms GC, Kerlan KR, Hricak H, et al:Cholangiocarcinoma:Imaging by MR. Radiology 159:89-94, 1986.
 
83) 北野 悟, 広橋伸治, 打田日出夫・他:胆管細胞癌のMRI, 特に造影MRIの有用性. 日磁医誌12:237-244, 1992.
 
84) Chen MF, Jan YY, Wang CS, et al:Clinical experience in 20 hepatic resections for peripheral cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer 64:2226-2232, 1989.
PubMed
85) Kawarada Y, Mizumoto R:Diagnosis and treament of cholangiocellular carcinoma of the liver. Hepatogastroenterology 37:176-181, 1990.
 
86) Cubertafond P, Gainant A, Cucchiaro G:Surgical treatment of 724 carcinomas of the gallbladder-results of the French Surgical Association Survey. Ann. Surg. 219:275-280, 1994.
PubMed
87) Ouchi K, Suzuki M, Tominaga T, et al:Survival after surgery for cancer of the gallbladder. Br. J. Surg. 81:1655-1657, 1994.
PubMed
88) Gasthuis K:Towards an oncological resection of gallbladder. Eur. J. Surg. Oncol. 20:537-544, 1994.
 
89) 鈴木正徳, 大内清昭, 伊藤浩司・他:ss胆嚢癌の進展様式と外科治療胆と膵13:149-154, 1992.
 
90) Nakamura S, Nishiyama R, Yokoi Y, et al:Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for advanced gall bladder. Arch. Surg. 129:625-629, 1994.
PubMed
91) 吉川達也, 羽生富士夫, 中村光司・他:漿膜露出および他臓器浸潤胆嚢癌の進展様式と根治術. 胆と膵13:165-172, 1992.
 
92) 羽生富士夫, 中村光司, 吉川達也・他:胆道癌根治術-拡大肝右葉, 肝十二指腸間膜, 膵頭十二指腸切除術-. 外科治療59:12-21, 1988.
 
93) Sasaki Y, Imaoka S, Ishiguro S, et al:Clinical features of small hepatocellular carcinomas assessed by histologic grades. Surgery 119:252-260, 1996.
PubMed

32. 結腸・直腸がん

P.685 掲載の参考文献
1) The research group for population-based cancer registration in Japan:Cancer incidence in Japan. Monograph on cancer reserch no. 41:Cancer mortality and morbidity statistics:Japan and the world-1994. Japanese Cancer Association, Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo, 1994, pp. 107-158.
 
2) 大腸癌研究会編:大腸癌取扱い規約:改訂第5版. 金原出版, 東京, 1994.
 
3) Morikawa E, Yasutomi M, Shindou K, et al:Distribution of metastatic lymph nodes in colorectal cancer by the modified clearing method. Dis. Colon Rectum 37:219-223, 1994.
PubMed
4) 泉本源太郎, 八田昌樹, 西山真一・他:クリアリング法による結腸癌リンパ節転移に関する研究. 日本大腸肛門病会誌36:523-531, 1983.
 
5) 田村和朗, 吉川麗月, 佐伯善文・他:大腸がん高危険度群のマネージメント. CRC 2:334-345, 1993.
 
6) Kinzler KW, Nilbert MC, Su LK, et al:Identification of FAP locus genes from chromosome 5q21. Science 253:661-665, 1991.
PubMed
7) Joslyn G, Carlson M, Thliveris A, et al:Identification of deletion mutations and three new genes at the familial polyposis locus. Cell 66:601-603, 1991.
PubMed
8) Groden J, Thliveris A, Samowitz W, et al:Identification and characterization of the familial adenomatous polyposis coli gene. Cell 66:589-600, 1991.
PubMed
9) Bussey HJR:Gastrointestinal polyposis. Gut 11:970-978, 1970.
 
10) Erbe RW:Inherited gastrointestinal polyposis syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 294:1101-1104, 1975.
 
11) DeCosse JJ, Adaurs MB, Condon RF.:Familial polyposis. Cancer 39:267-273, 1977.
 
12) McKusick VA:Genetics and large-bowel cancer. Am. J. Dig. Dis. 19:954-957, 1974.
 
13) Gardner EJ:Follow-up study of a family group exhibiting dominant inheritance for a syndrome including intestinal polyps, osteomas, fibromas and epidermal cysts. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 14:376-390, 1962.
PubMed
14) Arvanitis ML, Jagelman DG, Fazio VW, et al:Mortality in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Dis. Colon Rectum 33:639-642, 1990.
PubMed
15) Turcot J, Despres Jp, St. Pierre F:Malignant tumor of the central nervous system associated with familial polyposis of the colon:Report of two cases. Dis. Colon Rectum 2:465-468, 1959.
PubMed
16) Reid JD:Intestinal carcinoma in the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. JAMA 229:833-834, 1974.
PubMed
17) Kussin SZ, Lipkin M, Winawer SJ:Inherited colon cancer;Clinical implications. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 72:443-457, 1979.
 
18) Lynch HT, Albano WA, Lynch JF, et al:Recognition of the cancer family syndrome. Gastroenterology 84:672-673, 1983.
PubMed
19) Law JP, Herberman RB, Oldham RL:Familial occurrence of colon, uterine and of lymphoproliferative malignancies;Clinical description. Cancer 39:1224-1228, 1977.
 
20) Lynch HT, Richardson JD, Amin M, et al:Variable gastrointestinal and urologic cancers in a Lynch syndrome II kindred. Dis. Colon Rectum 34:891-895, 1991.
 
21) Itoh H, Houlston RS, Harocopos C, et al:Risk of cancer death in first-degree relatives of patients with hereditary non-polyposis cancer syndrome (Lynch type II) :A study of 130 kindreds in the United Kingdom. Br. J. Surg. 77:1367-1371, 1990.
 
22) Muto T, Kamiya J, Sawada T, et al:Small"flat adenoma"of the large bowel. Dis. Colon Rectum 28:847-851, 1985.
PubMed
23) Lynch HT, Smyrk T, Watson P, et al:Hereditary colorectal cancer. Semin. Oncol. 18:337-366, 1991.
PubMed
24) Edwards FC, Truelove SC:The course and prognosis of ulcerative colitis. Gut 5:1-22, 1964.
PubMed
25) Morson BC:Cancer and ulcerative colitis. Gut 7:425-426, 1966.
PubMed
26) Ekbom A, Helmick C, Zack M, et al:Ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer;A prospective study. N. Engl. J. Med. 323:1228-1233, 1990.
 
27) Ohman U:Colorectal carcinoma in patients with ulcerative colitis. Am. J. Surg. 144:344-349, 1982.
PubMed
28) Katzka I, Brody RS, Morris E, et al:Assessment of colorectal cancer risk in patients with ulcerative colitis;Experience from a private practice. Gastroenterology 85:22-29, 1983.
PubMed
29) Hamilton SR:Colorectal carcinoma in patients with Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 89:398-407, 1989.
 
30) Morson BC:Genetics of colorectal cancer. Clin. Gastroenterol. 5:505-525, 1976.
 
31) Heald RJ, Bussey HJR:Clinical experience at St. Mark's Hospital with multiple synchronous cancers of the colon and rectum. Dis. Colon Rectum 18:6, 1975.
 
32) MacMahon CE, Rowe JW:Rectal reaction following radiation therapy of cervical carcinoma;Particular reference to subsequent occurrence of rectal carcinoma. Ann. Surg. 173:264-269, 1971.
PubMed
33) Castro EB, Rosen PP, Quan SH:Carcinoma of large intestine in patientes irradiated for carcinoma of cervix and uterus. Cancer 31:45-52, 1973.
 
34) McMichael AJ, Potter JD:Host factors in carcinogenesis;certain bile-acid metabolic profiles that selectively increase the risk of proximal colon cancer. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 75:185-191, 1985.
PubMed
35) Lowenfels AB, Domellof L, Lindstrom CG, et al:Cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy, and cancer;A case controlled study in Sweden. Gastroenteroloy 83:672-676, 1982.
 
36) Bristol JB, Williamson RCN:Ureterosigmoidostomy and colon carcinogenesis. Science 214:351, 1981.
 
37) Appel MF, Psjur HJ, Estroda RG:The significance of villous component in colonic polyps. Am. J. Surg. 134:770-771, 1977.
 
38) Morson BC:Evolution of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 34:845-849, 1974.
 
39) Muto T, Bussey HJR, Morson BC:The evolution of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 36:2251-2270, 1975.
 
40) McDermott FT, Hughes ESR, Pihl E, et al:Prognosis in relation to symptom duration in colon cancer. Br. J. Surg. 13:846-849, 1981.
 
41) Songster CL, Barrows GH, Jarrerr DD:Immunochemical detection of fecal blood;the fecal smear pinch disc test;A new non-invasive screening test for colorectal cancer. Cancer 45:1099-1102, 1980.
 
42) Saito H, Tsuchida S, Nakaji S, et al:An immunological test for fecal occult blood by counter immunoelectrophoresis. Cancer 56:1549-1552, 1985.
PubMed
43) Winawer SJ, Fleisher M:Sensitivity and specificity of the fecal occult blood test for colorectal neoplasia. Gastroenteroloy 82:986-991, 1982.
 
44) Griffith CDM, Turner DJ, Saunders JH:False-negative results of hemoccult test in colorectal cancer. BJM 283:472, 1981.
 
45) Hardcastle JD, Armitage NC, Chamberlin J, et al:Fecal occult blood screening for colorectal cancer in the general population. Cancer 58:397-403, 1986.
 
46) 北條慶一:一次予防と二次予防;大腸癌. 市川平三郎, 久道 茂編, がんの一次予防と二次予防, 篠原出版, 東京, 1987, pp. 178-192.
 
47) Batson OV:The function of the vertebral veins and their role in the spread of metastases. Ann. Surg. 112:138-149, 1940.
PubMed
48) 加藤知行, 小島 宏, 平井 孝・他:直腸癌治癒切除後の骨盤腔内局所再発に対する術中の対策. 外科51:1328-1331, 1989.
 
49) Umpleby HC, Williamson RCN:Anastomotic recurrence in large bowel cancer. Br. J. Surg. 74:873-878, 1987.
 
50) 加藤知行, 近藤三隆, 安井健三・他:大腸癌患者における術中腹腔細胞診の検討日消外会誌17:1865-1869, 1984.
 
51) Moore GE, Sako K, Kondo T, et al:Assessment of the exfoliation of tumor cells into the body cavities. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 112:469-474, 1961.
PubMed
52) Dukes CE:The classification of cancer of the rectum. J. Pathol. 35:323-332, 1932.
 
53) Dukes CE:The surgical pathology of rectal cancer. J. Clin. Pathol. 2:95-99, 1949.
PubMed
54) Turnbull RB Jr, Kyle K, Watson FR, et al:Cancer of the colon;The influence of the no-touch isolation technique on survival rates. Ann. Surg. 166:420-427, 1967.
 
55) Astler VB, Coller FA:The prognostic significance of direct extension of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Ann. Surg. 139:846-851, 1954.
PubMed
56) Wolmark N, Fusher B, Wieand HS:The prognostic value of the modifications of the Dukes' C class of colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 203:115-122, 1986.
 
57) Phillips RKS, Hittinger R, Blesovsky L, et al:Large bowel cancer;Surgical pathology and its relationship to survival. Br. J. Surg. 71:604-610, 1984.
 
58) TNM classification of malignant tumors. ed by Hermanek P, Sobin LH, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1987.
 
59) Chapuiss PH, Dent OF, Newland RC, et al:An evaluation of the American Joint Committee (pTNM) staging method for cancer of the colon and rectum. Dis. Colon Rectum 29:6-10, 1986.
 
60) Hermanek P:Problem of pTNM classification of carcinoma of the stomach, colorectum and anal margin. Pathol. Res. Pract. 181:296-300, 1986.
PubMed
61) Chapuis PH, Dent OF, Fisher R, et al:A multivariate analysis of clinical and pathological variables in prognosis after resection of large bowel cancer. Br. J. Surg. 72:698-702, 1985.
 
62) Dukes CE, Bussey HJR:The spread of rectal cancer and its effect on prognosis. Br. J. Cancer 12:309-320, 1958.
 
63) Coffey RJ, Cardenas F:Cancer of the bowel in the young adult. Dis. Colon Rectum 7:491-492, 1964.
 
64) Van Langenberg AV, Ong GB:Carcinoma of large bowel in the young. Br. Med. J. 3:374-376, 1972.
 
65) Odone V, Chang L, Caces J, et al:The natural history of colorectal carcinoma in adolescents. Cancer 49:1716-1720, 1982.
PubMed
66) Umpleby HC, Williamson RCN:Carcinoma of the large bowel in the first decades. Br. J. Surg. 71:272-277, 1984.
 
67) 加藤知行, 森本剛史, 渡辺晃祥・他:若年者の直腸癌. 外科40:802-807, 1978.
 
68) Beahrs OH, Sanfelippo PM:Factors in the prognosis of colon and rectal cancer. Cancer 28:213-217, 1971.
PubMed
69) Pescatori M, Maria G, Beltrani B, et al:Site, emergency, and duration of symptoms in the prognosis of colorectal cancer. Dis. Colon Rectum 25:33-40, 1982.
PubMed
70) Willet C, Tepper JE, Cohen A, et al:Obstructive and perforative colonic carcinoma;Patterns of failure. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:379-384, 1985.
 
71) Steinberg SM, Barkin JS, Kaplan RS, et al:Prognostic indicators of colon tumors;The Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group experience. Cancer 57:1866-1870, 1986.
 
72) Wolmark N, Wieand HS, Rockette HE, et al:The prognostic significance of tumor and location and bowel obstruction in Dukes B and C colorectal cancer;Findings from the NSABP clinical trials. Ann. Surg. 198:743-752, 1983.
 
73) Dwight RW, Higgins GA, Keehan RJ:Factors influencing survival after resection in cancer of the colon and rectum. Am. J. Surg. 117:512-522, 1969.
 
74) Freedman LS, Macaskill P, Smith AN:Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for operable rectal cancer. Lancet 2:733-736, 1984.
PubMed
75) Cohen AM, Wood WC, Gunderson LL, et al:Pathological studies in rectal cancer. Cancer 45:2965-2968, 1980.
PubMed
76) Wolmark N, Fisher ER, Wieand HS, et al:The relationship of deapth of penetration and tumor size to the number of positive nodes in Dukes C colorectal cancer. Cancer 53:2707-2712, 1984.
 
77) Burrows L, Tartter P:Effect of blood transfusion on colonic malignancy recurrence rate. Lancet 2:662, 1982.
PubMed
78) Foster RS Jr, Costanza MC, Foster JC:Adverse relationship between blood transfusions and survival after colectomy for colon cancer. Cancer 55:1195-1201, 1985.
PubMed
79) Tartter PI:Perioperative blood transfusion and colorectal cancer recurrence;A review. J. Surg. Oncol. 39:197-200, 1988.
PubMed
80) Marsh J, Donnan PT, Hamer-Hodges DW:Association between tansfusion with plasma and the recurrence of colorectal carcinoma. Br. J. Surg. 77:623-626, 1990.
 
81) Minsky BD, Mies C, Recht A, et al:Resectable adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid and rectum;1. Patterns of failure and survival. Cancer 61:1408-1416, 1988.
 
82) Minsky BD, Mies C, Recht A, et al:Potentially curative surgery of the colon cancer;1. Patterns of failure and survival. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:106-118, 1988.
PubMed
83) Spratt JS Jr, Spjut HJ:Prevalence and prognosis of individual clinical and pathologic variables associated with colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 20:1976-1985, 1967.
PubMed
84) Stahle E, Glimerius B, Bergstrom R, et al:Preoperative prediction of outcome in patients with rectal and rectosigmoid cancer. Cancer 63:1831-1837, 1989.
 
85) 加藤知行, 森本剛史, 渡辺晃祥・他:下部直腸癌の局所再発;特に癌先進部から外科的剥離断端までの距離 (ew) について. 日外会誌80:642-650, 1979.
 
86) Quirke P, Durdey P, Dixon MF, et al:Local recurrence of rectal adenocarcinoma due to inadequate surgical resection;Histopathological study of lateral tumor spread and surgical excision. Lancet 1:996-999, 1986.
 
87) Symonds DA, Vickery AL Jr:Mucinous carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Cancer 37:1891-1900, 1976.
 
88) Umpleby HC, Ranson DL, Williamson HC:Peculiarities of mucinous colorectal carcinoma. Br. J. Surg. 72:715-718, 1985.
 
89) Minsky BD, Mies C, Rich TA, et al:Colloid carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Cancer 60:3103-3112, 1987.
PubMed
90) Brown CE, Warren S:Visceral metastases from rectal carcinoma. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 66:611-621, 1938.
 
91) Minsky BD, Mies C, Rich TA, et al:Potentially curative surgery of colon cancer;The influence of blood vessel invasion. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:119-127, 1988.
PubMed
92) Minsky BD, Mies C, Recht A, et al:Resectable adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid and rectum. 2) the influence of blood vessel invasion. Cancer 61:1417-1424, 1988.
 
93) Dukes CE, Bussey HJR:Venous spread in rectal cancer. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 34:571-581, 1941.
 
94) Khankhanian N, Maulight GM, Russel WO, et al:Prognostic significance of vascular invasion in colorectal cancer of Dukes' B class. Cancer 39:1195-1200, 1977.
 
95) Horn A, Dahl O, Morild I:Venous and neural invasion as predictors of recurrence in rectal adenocarcinoma. Dis. Colon Rectum 34:798-804, 1991.
PubMed
96) Minsky BD, Mies C, Rich TA, et al:Lymphatic vessel invasion is an independent prognostic factor for survival in colorectal cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 17:311-318, 1989.
PubMed
97) Michelassi F, Vannucci L, Ayala JJ, et al:Local recurrence after curative resection of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Surgery 108:787-793, 1990.
PubMed
98) Seefeld P, Bargen JA:The spread of carcinoma of the rectum;Invasion of lymphatics, veins and nerves. Ann. Surg. 118:76-90, 1943.
PubMed
99) Krasna MJ, Flancbaum L, Cody RP, et al:Vascular and neural invasion in colorectal carcinoma;Incidence and prognostic significance. Cancer 61:1018-1023, 1988.
PubMed
100) Jass JR, Love SB, Northover JM:A new prognostic classification of rectal cancer. Lancet 1:1303-1306, 1987.
 
101) Murray D, Hreno A, Dutton J, et al:Prognosis in colon cancer;Apathologic reassessment. Arch. Surg. 110:908-913, 1975.
PubMed
102) Jass JR, Atkin WS, Cuzick I, et al:The grading of rectal cancer;Histological perspectives and a multivariate analysis of 447 cases. Histopathology 10:437-459, 1986.
 
103) Carlon CA, Fabris G, Arslan-Pagnini, et al:Prognostic correlations of operable carcinoma of the rectum. Dis. Colon Rectum 28:47-50, 1985.
PubMed
104) Sevennevig JL, Lunde OC, Holter J, et al:Lymphoid infiltration and prognosis in colorectal carcinoma. Br. J. Cancer 49:375-377, 1984.
 
105) Patt DJ, Brynes RK, Vardiman JW, et al:Mesocolic lymph node histology is an important prognostic indicator for patients with carcinoma of the sigmoid colon;An immuno-morphologic study. Cancer 35:1388-1397, 1975.
 
106) Tsakraklides V, Wanebo HJ, Sternberg SS, et al:Prognostic evaluation of regional lymph node morphology in colorectal cancer. Am. J. Surg. 129:174-180, 1975.
PubMed
107) Pihl E, Malahy MA, Khankhanian N, et al:Immunomorphological features of prognostic significance in Dukes' class B colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Res. 37:4145-4149, 1977.
 
108) Wanebo JH, Rao B, Pinsky CM, et al:Pre-operative carcinoembryonic antigen level as a prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 299:448-451, 1978.
 
109) Evans JT, Mittelman A, Chu M, et al:Pre-and Post-operative uses of CEA. Cancer 42:1419-1421, 1978.
 
110) Staab HJ, Anderer FA, Brummendorf T, et al:Prognostic value of pre-operative serum CEA level compared to clinical staging:I colorectal carcinoma. Br. J. Cancer 44:652-662, 1981.
 
111) Szymendera J, Nowacki MP, Szalowski AW, et al.:Predictive value of plasma CEA levels;Preoperative prognosis and postoperative monitoring of patients with colorectal carcinoma. Dis. Colon Rectum 25:46-52, 1982.
 
112) Blake KE, Dalbow MH, Concannon JP, et al:Clinical significance of preoperative plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in patients with carcinoma of the large bowel. Dis. Colon Rectum 25:24-32, 1982.
PubMed
113) Lewi H, Blumgart LH, Carter DC, et al:Pre-operative carcinoembryonic antigen and survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Br. J. Surg. 71:206-208, 1984.
PubMed
114) Steele G Jr, Ellenberg S, Ramming K, et al:CEA monitoring among patients in multiinstitutional adjuvant G. I. thrapy protocols. Ann. Surg. 196:162-169, 1982.
 
115) Offerhaus GJ, Giardiello FM, Bruijn JA, et al:The value of immunochemistry for collagen IV expression in colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 67:99-105, 1991.
PubMed
116) Wobbes T, Hendriks T, DE Bower HHM:Collagen in colorectal cancer in relation to clinicopathologic stage and histologic grade. Dis. Colon Rectum 31:778-780, 1988.
 
117) Kokal WA, Gardine RL, Shelbani K, et al:Tumor DNA content in resectable, primary colorectal carcinoma. Ann. Surg. 209:188-193, 1989.
 
118) Armitage NC, Ballantyne KC, Evans DF, et al:The influence of tumor cell DNA content of survival in colorectal carcinoma. Br. J. Cancer 62:852-856, 1990.
PubMed
119) Jass JR, Mukawa K, Goh HS, et al:Clinical importance of DNA content in rectal cancer measured by flow cytometry. J. Clin. Pathol. 42:254-259, 1989.
PubMed
120) Rognum TO, Thorud E, Lund E:Survival of large bowel carcinoma patients with different DNA ploidy. Br. J. Cancer 56:633-636, 1987.
PubMed
121) Wiggers T, Arends JW, Schuttle B, et al:A multivariate analysis of pathologic prognostic indicators in large bowel cancer. Cancer 61:386-395, 1988.
 
122) Melamed MR, Enker WE, Banner P, et al:Flow cytometry of colorectal carcinoma with three-year follow-up. Dis. Colon Rectum 29:184-186, 1986.
PubMed
123) Witzig TE, Loprinzi CL, Gonchoroff NJ, et al:DNA ploidy and cell kinetic measurements as predictors of recurrence and survival in stage B2 colorectal adenocarcinoma. Cancer 68:879-888, 1991.
PubMed
124) Gingold BS, Jagelman DG:Sparing the rectum in familial polyposis;Causes for failure. Surgery 89:314-318, 1981.
PubMed
125) Moertel CG, Hill JR, Adson MA:Management of multiple polyposis of the large bowel. Cancer 28:160-164, 1971.
PubMed
126) Harvey JC, Quan SHQ, Stearns MW:Management of familial polyposis with preservation of the rectum. Surgery 84:476-482, 1978.
 
127) Sarre RG, Jagleman DG, Beck GJ, et al:Colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis for familial adenomatous polyposis;The risk of rectal cancer. Surgery 101:20-26, 1988.
 
128) 岩間毅夫, 三島好雄:大腸腺腫症の手術予後. 胃と腸19:659-665, 1984.
 
129) Bess MA, Adson MA, Elveback LR, et al:Rectal cancer following colectomy for polyposis. Arch. Surg. 115:460-467, 1980.
PubMed
130) Sener SF, Miller HH, DeCosse JJ:The spectrum of polyposis. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 159:525-532, 1984.
PubMed
131) Heiman TM, Gelernt I, Salky B, et al:Familial polyposis coli;Results of mucosal proctectomy with ileoanal anastomosis. Dis. Colon Rectum 30:424-427, 1987.
 
132) Watne AL, Carrier LM, Durham JP, et al.:The occurrence of carcinoma of the rectum following ileoproctostomy for familial polyposis. Ann. Surg. 197:550-554, 1983.
 
133) Kock NG:Present status of the continent ileostomy. Dis. Colon Rectum 19:200-206, 1976.
 
134) 加藤知行, 安井健三, 加藤王千・他:Continent Stoma 造設術の実際;Kock 法. 臨床外科41:1769-1776, 1986.
 
135) Kewenter J, Hulten L, Ahren C:The occurrence of severe epithelial dysplasia and its bearing on treatment of longstanding ulcerative colitis. Ann. Surg. 195:209-213, 1982.
PubMed
136) Nugent FW, Haggitt RC, Colcher H, et al:Malignant potential of chronic ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 76:1-5, 1979.
 
137) 加藤知行, 小島 宏, 平井 孝・他:大腸癌における術前生検と切除標本の病理組織診断の比較. 癌の臨床 35:1119-1122, 1989.
Medical*Online
138) 武藤徹一郎, 上谷潤二郎, 沢田俊夫・他:大腸診断学の歩みと外科. 胃と腸 20:273-281, 1985.
 
139) 長谷川かをり, 谷口友章, 野口友義・他:大腸癌の生検診断における問題点 (第1報) . Gastroenterol. Endosc. 22:56-60, 1980.
 
140) 工藤進英, 中島孝司, 日下尚司・他:早期大腸癌の内視鏡的治療. 日本大腸肛門病会誌46:1007-1013, 1993.
 
141) 安富昌幸:大腸癌手術における諸問題. 外科治療47:199-206, 1982.
 
142) 武藤徹一郎, 西澤 護, 小平 進・他:大腸sm癌アンケート集計報告;sm癌の転移リスクファクターを求めて. 胃と腸26:911-918, 1991.
 
143) 加藤知行, 平井 孝:治療成績からみた大腸早期癌の治療方針;とくにsm癌の治療方針について. 手術46:461-467, 1992.
 
144) Cranley JP, Petras RE, Carey WD, et al:When is endoscopic polypectomy adequate therapy for colonic polyps containing invasive carcinoma? Gastroenterology 91:419-427, 1987.
 
145) Wilcox JM, Anderson PB, Colacchio TA:Early invasive carcinoma in colonic polyps;A review of the literature with emphasis on the assessment of the risk of metastasis. Cancer 57:160-171, 1986.
 
146) Haggitt RC, Glotzbach RE, Soffer EE, et al:Prognostic factors in colorectal carcinomas arising in adenomas;implications for lesions removed by endoscopic polypectomy. Gastroenterology 89:328-336, 1985.
PubMed
147) 工藤進英, 曽我 淳, 下田 聡・他:大腸sm癌のsm浸潤の分析と治療方針. 胃と腸19:1349-1356, 1984.
 
148) 加藤知行, 平井 孝:結腸癌;進行癌の手術と補助療法癌の臨床40:1416-1424, 1994.
 
149) Eisenberg B, DeCosse JJ, Harford F, et al:Carcinoma of the colon and rectum;The natural history reviewed in 1704 patients. Cancer 49:1131-1134, 1982.
PubMed
150) Panettiere FJ, Chen TT:The SWOG large bowel study benefits from therapy. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 4:76, 1985.
 
151) Laurie J, Moertel C, Flemming, et al:Surgical adjuvant therapy of poor prognosis colorectal cancer with levamisole alone or combined levamisole and 5-fluorouracil. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 5:81, 1986.
 
152) Newland RC, Chapuis PH, Smyth EJ:The prognostic value of substaging colorectal carcinoma;A prospective study of 1117 cases with standardized pathology. Cancer 60:852-857, 1987.
PubMed
153) Cohen AM, Tremittera S, Candela F, et al:Prognosis of node-positive colon cancer. Cancer 67:1859-1861, 1991.
 
154) Japanese Research Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum:Muli-Institutional registry of large bowel cancer in Japan vol 9;cases treated in 1985, 1994.
 
155) 森谷宜皓:大腸癌の治療成績は向上したか. CRC 2:301-310, 1993.
 
156) Enker WE, Laffer UT, Block GE:Enhanced survival of patients with colon and rectal cancer is based upon wide anatomic resection. Ann. Surg. 190:350-360, 1979.
PubMed
157) 加藤知行, 平井 孝:腫瘍の局在と進行度からみた手術術式の選択消化器外科13:289-297, 1990.
 
158) 高橋 孝, 梶谷 銀:直腸癌における側方向リンパ流への転移とその郭清の意義について. 日本大腸肛門病会誌31:207-219, 1978.
 
159) 加藤岳人, 高橋 孝, 太田博俊・他:直腸癌側方リンパ節転移の検討 日消外会誌19:963-968, 1989.
 
160) 大見良裕, 大木繁男, 江口英雄・他:直腸癌のリンパ節転移の特徴;拡大郭清による摘出リンパ節の検討. 日外会誌81:676-687, 1980.
 
161) 白井芳則, 斉藤典男, 布村正夫・他:直腸癌側方リンパ節転移の態様と治療成績. 日本大腸肛門病会誌44:1061-1066, 1991.
 
162) 須田武保, 畠山勝義, 岡本春彦・他:直腸癌における壁内進展日本大腸肛門病会誌45:421-426, 1992.
 
163) 小林宣昭:直腸癌の病理組織学的研究 (第2報) ;特に壁内進展について. 日本大腸肛門病会誌 30:426-436, 1977.
 
164) Hughes TG, Jenevein EP, Poulos E:Intramural spread of colon carcinoma. Am. J. Surg. 146:697-699, 1983.
PubMed
165) Lazorthes F, Voigt JJ, Roques J, et al:Distal intramural spread of carcinoma of the rectum correlated with lymph nodal involvement. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 170:45-48, 1990.
PubMed
166) Williams NS, Dixon MF, Johnston D:Reappraisal of the 5 centimetre rule of distal excision for carcinoma of the rectum;A study of distal intramural spread and of patient's survival. Br. J. Surg. 70:150-154, 1983.
 
167) Pezim ME, Nicholls RJ:Survival after high or low ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery during curative surgery for rectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 200:729-733, 1984.
PubMed
168) Grinnell RS:Results of ligation of inferior mesenteric artery at the aorta in resections of carcinoma of the descending snd sigmoid colon and rectum. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 120:1031-1036, 1965.
 
169) Hojo K, Koyama Y, Moriya Y:Lymphatic spread and its prognostic value in patients with rectal cancer. Am. J. Surg. 144:350-354, 1982.
PubMed
170) Sterns MW, Deddish MR:Five year results of abdominopelvic lymphnode dissection for carcinoma of the rectum. Dis. Colon Rectum 2:169-172, 1977.
 
171) Glass RE, Ritchie JK, Thompson HR, et al:The results of surgical treatment of cancer of the rectum by radical resection and extended abdomino-iliac lymphadenectomy. Br. J. Surg. 72:599-601, 1985.
PubMed
172) Deddish MR:Surgical procedures for carcinoma of the left colon and rectum with five year end results following abdominopelvic dissection of lymph nodes. Am. J. Surg. 99:188-191, 1960.
PubMed
173) Sauer I, Bacon HE:Influence of lateral spread of the rectum on radicability of operation and prognosis. Am. J. Surg. 81:111-120, 1951.
PubMed
174) 小山靖夫:直腸癌における拡大根治手術. 外科治療36:41-45, 1977.
 
175) 加藤知行, 平井 孝:下部直腸癌における側方リンパ節郭清の意義と問題点;側方リンパ節群の範囲の同定を中心に. 消化器癌3:65-71, 1993.
 
176) 森谷宜皓:下部進行直腸癌に対する側方郭清の意義と問題点. 消化器癌3:357-363, 1993.
 
177) Enker WE, Laffer UT, Block GE:Enhanced survival of patients with colon and rectal cancer is based upon wide anatomic resection. Ann. Surg. 190:350-360, 1979.
PubMed
178) Enker WE, Heilweil ML, Hertz REL, et al:En bloc pelvic lymphadenectomy and sphincter preservation in the surgical management of rectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 203:426-433, 1986.
 
179) 加藤知行, 平井 孝, 小寺泰弘・他:下部直腸癌における拡大リンパ節郭清の功罪. 日消外会誌28:903-907, 1995.
 
180) 加藤知行, 小平 進:直腸癌・長期予後とQOLからみた神経温存手術の適応. 日臨外医会誌56:1079-1087, 1995.
 
181) Brunschwig A:Complete excision of pelvis viscera for advanced carcinoma:a one-stage abdominoperineal operation with colostomy and bilateral ureteral implantation into colon above the colostomy. Cancer 1:177-183, 1948.
PubMed
182) Lopez MJ, Standiford SB, Skibba JL:Total pelvic exenteration:A 50-year experience at the Ellis Fischel Cancer Center. Arch. Surg. 129:390-396, 1994.
PubMed
183) Hafner GH, Herrera L, Petrelli NJ:Patterns of recurrence after pelvic exenteration for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Arch. Surg. 126:1510-1513, 1991.
PubMed
184) Hafner GH, Herrera L, Petrelli NJ:Morbidity and mortality after pelvic exenteration for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Ann. Surg. 215:63-67, 1992.
PubMed
185) 加藤知行, 平井 孝:局所進行直腸癌に対する骨盤内臓器全摘術. 医学のあゆみ172:693-696, 1995.
 
186) Lopez MJ, Monafo WW:Role of extended resection in the initial treatment of locally advanced colorectal carcinoma. Surgery 113:365-372, 1993.
PubMed
187) Brophy PF, Hoffman JP, Eisenberg BL:The role of palliative pelvic exenteration. Am. J. Surg. 167:386-390, 1994.
PubMed
188) Williams LF, Huddleston CB, Sawyers JL, et al:Is total pelvic exenteration reasonable primary treatment for rectal carcinoma? Ann. Surg. 207:670-678, 1988.
PubMed
189) Wanebo HJ, Koness RJ, Vezeridis MP, et al:Pelvic resection of recurrent rectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 220:586-597, 1994.
PubMed
190) Wilson SM, Beahrs OH:A curative treatment of carcinoma of the sigmoid, rectosigmoid and rectum. Ann. Surg. 183:556-565, 1976.
PubMed
191) Higgins GA, Amadeo JH, McElminney J, et al:Efficacy of prolonged intermittent therapy with combined 5-fluorouracil and Me-CCNU following resection for carcinoma of colon cancer;Results of a prospectively randomized trial. Cancer 53:1-8, 1984.
 
192) Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group:Adjuvant therapy of colon cancer;Results of a prospectively randomized trial. N. Engl. J. Med. 310:737-743, 1984.
 
193) Wolmark N, Fisher B, Rockette H, et al:Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or BCG for colon cancer. Results from NSABP protocol C-Ol. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80:30-36, 1988.
 
194) Panetierre FJ, Goodman PJ, Costanyi JJ, et al:Adjuvant therapy in large bowel adenocarcinoma;Long-term results of a Southwest Oncology Group study. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:947-954, 1988.
 
195) Abdi E, Harbora D, Hanson J, et al:Adjuvant chemoimmuno-and immuno-therapy in stage B2 and C colorectal cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 6:93, 1987.
 
196) Sertori MR, Guarneri D, Rubagotti A, et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy and immunochemotherapy in colorectal cancer Dukes' C. Oncology 44:78-81, 19871.
 
197) Windle R, Bell PRF, Shaw D:Five year results of a randomized trial of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil and levamisole in colorectal cancer. Br. J. Surg. 74:569-572, 1987.
 
198) Laurie JA, Moertel CG, Fleming TR, et al:Surgical adjuvant therapy of large bowel carcinoma. An evaluation of levamisole and the combination of levamisole and fluorouracil. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1447-1456, 1989.
PubMed
199) Moertel CG, Fleming TR, MacDonald JS, et al:Levamisole and fluorouracil for adjuvant therapy of resected colon carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:352-358, 1990.
PubMed
200) Moertel CG, Fleming TR, Macdonald JS, et al:Fluorouracil plus levamisole as effective adjuvant therapy after resection of stage III colon carcinoma;a final report. Ann. Intern. Med. 122:321-326, 1995.
PubMed
201) NIH consensus Conference:Adjuvant therapy for patients with colon and rectal cancer. JAMA 1264:1444-1450, 1990.
 
202) Kato T, Nakazato H:Surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Cancer chemotherapy;Challenges for the future. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdum, 1986, pp. 250-259.
 
203) 北條慶一, 梶谷 銀:大腸癌の補助化学療法 (梶谷班一次方式) の成績. 癌と化学療法 13:3063-3073, 1986.
 
204) 松田泰次, 安富正幸, 菊池金男・他:共同研究による大腸癌手術のINTENSIVE ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPYの検討 (第3報) ;術後5年成績について. 癌と化学療法18:461-469, 1991.
 
205) The Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy Study Group of Japan:Five-year results of a randomized controlled trial of adjuvant chemotherapy for curatively resected colorectal carcinoma. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 25:91-103, 1995.
 
206) 西田 修, 内野純一, 菊池金男・他:共同研究による大腸癌の術後補助化学療法の検討;第2次研究 (第3報) 治癒切除例の術後5年成績について. 癌と化学療法20:101-108, 1993.
 
207) Taylor I, Rowling JT, West C.:Adjuvant cytotoxic liver perfusion for colorectal cancer. Br. J. Surg. 66:833-837, 1979.
 
208) Taylor I, Machin D, Mulee M, et al:A randomized controlled trial of adjuvant portal vein cytotoxic perfusion in colorectal cancer. Br. J. Surg. 72:359-363, 1985.
 
209) Wereldsma JCJ, Bruggink EDM, Meijer WS, et al:Adjuvant portal liver infusion in colorectal cancer with 5-fluorouracil/heparin versus control;Results of a prospective randomized clinical trial. Cancer 65:425-432, 1990.
 
210) Metzger U, Laffer U, Castiglione M, et al:Adjuvant intraportal chemotherapy for colorectal cancer;4year results of the randomized Swiss study. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 8:105, 1989.
 
211) Beart RW, Moertel CG, Wieand HS, et al:Adjuvant therapy for resectable colorectal carcinoma with fluorouracil administered by portal vein infusion. Arch. Surg. 125:897-901, 1990.
PubMed
212) Wolmark N, Rockette H, Wiokerham D, et al:Adjuvant therapy of Dukes' A, B, and C adenocarcinoma of the colon with portal-vein fluorouracil heparin infusion. Preliminary results of national surgical adjuvant breast and bowel project protocol C-02. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1466-1475, 1990.
 
213) Piedbois P, Buyse M, Gray R, et al:Vein infusion is an effective adjuvant treatment for patients with colorectal cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:192, 1995.
 
214) Leaming RH, Sterns MW, Deddish MR, et al:Preoperative irradiation in rectal cancer. Radiology 77:257-263, 1961.
 
215) Stevens KS, Allen CV, Flecher WS:Preoperative radiotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid. Cancer 37:2866-2874, 1976.
 
216) Stearns MW, Deddish MR, Quan SH:Preoperative roentgen therapy for cancer of the rectum. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 109:225-229, 1959.
PubMed
217) Stearns MW, Deddish MR, Quan SH:Preoperative roentgen therapy for cancer of the rectum and rectosigmoid. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 138:584-589, 1974.
PubMed
218) Higgins GA, Conn JH, Jordan PH Jr, et al:Preoperative radiotherapy for colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 181:624-631, 1975.
PubMed
219) Klingerman MM:Radiotherapy and rectal cancer. Cancer 39:896-900, 1977.
 
220) Higgins GA, Humphrey EW, Dwight RW, et al:Preoperative radiation and surgery for cancer of the rectum. Veterans Administration Surgical Oncology Group Trial II. Cancer 58:352-359, 1986.
PubMed
221) Rider WD, Palmer JA, Mahoney LJ, et al:Preoperative irradiation in operable cancer of the rectum;Report of the Toront trial. Can. J. Surg. 20:335-338, 1977.
 
222) Boulis-Wassif S, Gerard A, Loygue J, et al:Final results of a randomized trial on the treatment of rectal cancer with preoperative radiotherapy alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil followed by radical surgery. Cancer 53:1811-1818, 1984.
PubMed
223) Second report of an MRC working party. The evaluation of low dose preoperative X-ray therapy in the management of operable rectal cancer;Results of a randomely controlled trial. Br. J. Surg. 71:21-25, 1984.
 
224) Gerard A, Buyse M, Nordlinger B, et al:Preoperative radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment in rectal cancer. Final results of a randomized study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Ann. Surg. 208:606-614, 1988.
PubMed
225) 木村幸三郎, 山本啓一郎, 花輪 聡・他:進行直腸癌に対する放射線療法. 消化器外科 6:695-699, 1983.
 
226) 木村幸三郎, 中島 厚, 勝又健次・他:局所再発予防のための補助療法;放射線療法を中心として. 消化器外科 13:343-351, 1990.
 
227) Papillon J:Endocavitary irradiation in the curative treatment of early rectal cancers. Dis. Colon Rectum 17:172-180, 1974.
PubMed
228) Jelden G, Dhaliwal R, Rodriguez-Antunez A, et al:Definitive treatment of carcinoma of the rectum by intracavitary radiation therapy. AJR 126:877-879, 1976.
PubMed
229) Jackson BR:Iridium implants in treatment of anorectal carcinoma. Dis. Colon. Rectum 23:145-150, 1980.
PubMed
230) Gunderson LL, Cohen AM, Dosoretz DE, et al:Residual, unresectable, or recurrent colorectal cancer;External beam irradiation and intraoperative electron beam boost±resection. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 9:1597-1609, 1983.
 
231) Tepper JE:Radiation therapy of colorectal cancer. Cancer 51:2528-2534, 1983.
PubMed
232) Mohiuddin M, Derdel J, Marks G, et al:Results of adjuvant radiation therapy in cancer of the rectum;Thomas Jefferson University Hospital experience. Cancer 55:350-353, 1985.
 
233) Mendiondo OA, Wang CC, Welch JP, et al:Postoperative radiotherapy in carcinoma of the rectum and distal sigmoid colon. Radiology 119:673-676, 1976.
PubMed
234) Turner SS, Vieira EF, Ager DJ, et al:Elective postoperative radiotherapy for locally advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer 40:105-108, 1977.
 
235) Hoskins RB, Gunderson LL, Dosoretz DE, et al:Adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy in carcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid. Cancer 55:61-71, 1985.
PubMed
236) Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group:Prolongation of the disease-free interval in surgically treated rectal carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 312:1465-1472, 1985.
 
237) Krook JE, Moertel CG, Gunderson LL, et al:Effective surgical adjuvant therapy for high-risk rectal carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 324:709-715, 1991.
PubMed
238) Fisher B, Wolmark N, Rockette H, et al:Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy for rectal cancer;Results from NSABP protocol R01. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80:21-29, 1988.
 
239) Weaver D, Lindblad AS:Radiation therapy and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with or without MeCCNU for the treatment of patients with surgically adjuvant adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 9:106, 1990.
 
240) O'connel M, Wieand H, Krook J, et al:Lack of value for methyl-CCNU (MeCCNU) as a component of effective rectal cancer surgical adjuvant therapy;Interim analysis of intergroup protocol 86-47-51. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 10:134, 1991.
 
241) Gunderson LL, Dosoretz DZ, Hedberg SE, et al:Low dose preoperative radiation surgery and elective postoperative radiation therapy for resectable rectum and rectosigmoid carcinoma. Cancer 52:446-451, 1983.
 
242) Douglas HO Jr, Moertel CG, Mayer RJ, et al:Survival after postoperative combination treatment of rectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 315:1294-1295, 1986.
 
243) Roswit B, Higgins GA, Humphrey EW, et al:Preoperative irradiation of operable adenocarcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid colon. Radiology 108:389-395, 1973.
PubMed
244) Gerard A, Berrod JL, Pene F, et al:Interim analysis of a phase III study on preoperative radiation therapy in resectable rectal carcinoma. Cancer 55:2373-2379, 1985.
PubMed
245) Stevens KR, Fletche WS, Allen CV:Anterior resection and primary anastomosis following high-dose preoperative irradiation for adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid. Cancer 41:2065-2071, 1978.
 
246) Temple WJ, Ketcham AS:Sacral resection for control of pelvic tumors. Am. J. Surg. 163:370-374, 1992.
PubMed
247) Stipa S, Nicolanti V, Botti C, et al:Local recurrence after curative resection for colorectal cancer:Frequency, risk factors and treatment. J. Surg. Oncol. 2 (Suppl.) :155-160, 1991.
 
248) 加藤知行, 坂本純一, 安井健三・他:直腸癌手術後の局所再発の診断と治療. 日消外会誌 20:2584-2592, 1987.
 
249) Moossa AR, Ree PC, Marks JE, et al:Factors influencing local recurrence after abdominoperineal resection for cancer of the rectum and rectosigmoid. Br. J. Surg. 62:727-730, 1975.
PubMed
250) Wanebo HJ, Marcove RC:Abdominal sacral resection of locally recurrent rectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 194:458-471, 1981.
PubMed
251) 加藤知行, 平井 孝, 荒井保明:直腸癌局所再発の治療. 消化器外科 17:317-324, 1994.
 
252) Cohen AM, Minsky BD:Aggressive surgical management of locally advanced primary and recurrent rectal cancer. Dis. Colon Rectum 33:432-438, 1990.
PubMed
253) Wanebo HJ, Koness RJ, Vezeridis MP, et al:Pelvic resection of recurrent rectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 220:586-597, 1994.
PubMed
254) Hafner GH, Herrera L, Petrelli N:Morbidity and mortality after pelvic exenteration for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Ann. Surg. 215:63-67, 1992.
PubMed
255) Polk HC Jr, Spratt JS Jr:The results of treatment of perineal recurrence of cancer of the rectum. Cancer 43:952-955, 1979.
PubMed
256) Welch JP, Donaldson GA:The clinical correlation of an autopsy study of recurrent colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 189:496-502, 1979.
PubMed
257) Schiessel R, Wunderlich M, Herbst F:Local recurrence of colorectal cancer:effect of eraly detection and aggressive surgery. Br. J. Surg. 73:342-344, 1986,
 
258) Pearlman NW, Donojue RE, Stiegmann GV et al:Pelvic and sacropelvic exenteration for locally advanced or recurrent anorectal cancer. Arch. Surg. 122:537-541, 1987.
PubMed
259) 森武生:骨盤内臓器全摘術の改良と成績手術 43:1735-1744, 1989.
 
260) Hafner GH, Herrera L, Petrelli NJ:Patterns of recurrence after pelvic exenteration for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Arch. Surg. 126:1510-1513, 1991.
PubMed
261) Maetani S, Nishikawa T, Iijima Y, et al:Extensive en bloc resection of regionally recurrent carcinoma of the rectum. Cancer 69:2876-2883, 1992.
PubMed
262) 森谷宜皓, 杉原健一, 赤須孝之・他:骨盤内臓全摘術;適応と手技の要点. 消化器外科 17:307-314, 1994.
 
263) Wanebo HJ, Gaker DL, Whitehill R, et al:Pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer:Options for curative resection. Ann. Surg. 205:482-495, 1987.
PubMed
264) Vaughn DJ, Haller DG:Nonsurgical management of recurrent colorectal cancer. Cancer 71:4278-4292, 1993.
PubMed
265) 竹森 繁, 岡本政広, 新井英樹・他:直腸癌術後局所再発に対するInterstitial Hyperthermia (MINERVE) の検討癌と化学療法 18:2019-2023, 1991.
 
266) 田中良明:深在がんの局所温熱療法に関する研究. 厚生省がん研究助成金による研究報告書:平成3年度. 国立がんセンター, 1993, pp. 206.
 
267) Turk PS, Belliveau JF, Darnowski JW, et al:Isolated pelvic perfusion for unresectable cancer using balloon occlusion technique. Arch. Surg. 128:533-539, 1993.
PubMed
268) Jaffe BM, Donegman WL, Watson F, et al:Factors influencing survival in patients with untreated hepatic metastases. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 127:1-11, 1968.
 
269) Petrelli NJ, Nambisan RN, Herrera K:Hepatic resection for isolated metastasis from colorectal carcinoma. Am. J. Surg. 149:205-209, 1985.
 
270) 太田博俊, 西 満正, 堀 雅晴・他:大腸癌肝転移に対する治療とその成績, 消化器外科 16:1641-1651, 1993.
 
271) Wood CB, Gillis CR, Blumgart LH:A retrospective study of the natural history of patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Clin. Oncol. 2:285-288, 1976.
PubMed
272) 山崎 晋, 長谷川博, 幕内雅敏:転移性肝腫瘍に対する肝切除の意義と限界. 外科治療 52:241-247, 1985.
 
273) 安井健三, 加藤知行:大腸癌肝転移に対する肝切除の適応と系統的肝切除術. 消化器外科 16:1693-1699, 1993.
 
274) Fortner JG, Silva JS, Golbey RB, et al:Multivariate analysis of a personal series of 247 consecutive patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 199:306-316, 1984.
PubMed
275) Scheele J, Stangle R, Altendorf-Hofmann A, et al:Indications of prognosis after hepatic resection for colorectal secondaries. Surgery 110:13-29, 1991.
 
276) 杉原健一, 北條慶一, 森谷宜皓・他:大腸癌肝転移の外科治療. 日消外会誌 24:1147-1151, 1991.
 
277) Attiyeh FF, Wanebo HJ, Sterns MW:Hepatic resection for metastasis from colorectal cancer. Dis. Colon Rectum 21:160-162, 1978.
 
278) Kemeny N, Lokich JJ, Anderson N, et al:Recent advances in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer 71:9-18, 1993.
PubMed
279) Kemmeny N, Daly J, Reichman B, et al:Intrahepatic or systemic infusion of fluorodeoxyuridine in patients with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 107:459-465, 1987.
PubMed
280) Horn D, Stagg R, Friedman M, et al:The NCOG randomized trial of intravenous vs hepatic arterial FUDR for colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 6:85, 1987.
 
281) 荒井保明, 曽根康博, 遠山典宏・他:転移性肝癌に対するリザーバーを用いた動注化学療法の適応と治療成績. 腹部画像診断 12:465-472, 1992.
 
282) 荒井保明, 木戸長一郎, 有吉 寛・他:大腸癌肝転移に対する間敏的大量5-FU肝動注療法. KARKINOS 6:347-352, 1993.
 
283) Metzeger UF, Ghosh BC, Kisner DL:Adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer:Current status and concepts. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 14:1-8, 1985.
 
284) Moertel CG, Schutt AS, Hahn RG, et al:Therapy of advanced colorectal cancer with a combination of 5-fluorouracil, methyl-1, 3-cis(2-chloroethyl) -1-nitrosourea and vincristine. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 54:69-71, 1975.
 
285) Kemeny N, Yagoda A, Braun J:Metastatic colorectal carcinoma:A prospective trial of methyl CCNU, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and vincristine (MOF) versus MOF plus streptozotocin (MOF-Strep) . Cancer 51:20-25, 1983.
 
286) Nordic Gastrointestinal Tumor Adjuvant Treatment Group:Superiority of sequential methotrexate, fluorouracil and leucovorin to fluorouracil alone in advanced symptomatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1437-1446, 1989.
PubMed
287) Weinerman B, Schacter B, Schipper H, et al:Sequential methotrexate and 5-FU in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Cancer Treat. Rep. 66:1553-1555, 1982.
PubMed
288) MacIntosh J, Coates A, Swanson C, et al:Chemotherapy of advanced colorectal cancer;a randomized trial of sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:210-212, 1987.
 
289) Marsh JC, Bertino JR, Katz KH, et al:The influence of drug interval on the effect of methotrexate and fluorouracil in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:371-380, 1991.
PubMed
290) Petrelli N, Herrera L, Rustum Y, et al:A prospective randomized trial of 5-fluorouracil versus 5-fluorouracil and high dose leucovorin versus 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate in previously untreated patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1559-1565, 1987.
PubMed
291) O'Connell MJ:A phase III trial of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer 63:1026-1030, 1989.
PubMed
292) Petrelli N, Douglass HO Jr, Herrera L, et al:The modulation of fluorouracil with leucovorin in metastatic colorectal carcinoma;A prospective randomized phase III trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1419-1426, 1989.
PubMed
293) Valone FH, Friedman MA, Wittlinger PS, et al:Treatment of patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma with fluorouracil alone, high-dose leucovorin plus fluorouracil, or sequential methotrexate, fluorouracil and leucovorin;A randomized trial of the Northern California Oncology Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1427-1436, 1989.
PubMed
294) Doroshaw JH, Multhauf P, Leong L, et al:Prospective randomized comparison of fluorouracil versus fluorouracil and high dose continuous infusion leucovorin calcium for the treatment of advanced measurable colorectal cancer in patients previously unexposed to chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:491-501, 1990.
 
295) Wadler S, Schwartz EL, Goldman M, et al:Fluorouracil and recombinant alpha-2a-interferon:an active regimen against advanced colorectal carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1769-1775, 1989.
PubMed
296) Kemeny N, Younes A, Seiter K, et al:Combination fluorouracil (FU) and recombinant alpha-interferon (Ifn) in advanced colorectal carcinoma:activity but significant toxicity. Cancer 66:2470-2475, 1990.
 
297) Pazdur R, Ajani JA, Patt YZ, et al:Phase II study on fluorouracil and recombinant interferon alpha-2a in previously untreated advanced colorectal carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:2027-2031, 1990.
PubMed
298) Lokich JJ, Ahlgren JD, Gullo JJ, et al:A prospective randomized comparison of continuous infusion fluorouracil with a conventional bolus schedule in metastatic colorectal carcinoma;A mid-Atlantic Oncology Program study. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:425-432, 1989.
PubMed
299) Weinerman B, Shar A, Fields A, et al:A randomized trial of continuous systemic infusion (SI) vs bolus therapy (B) with 5 fluorouracil (5-FU) in metastatic measurable colorectal cancer (MCC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 9:103, 1990.
 
300) Rougier Ph, Paillot B, Laplanche A, et al:End results of a multicentric randomized trial comparing 5-FU in continuous systemic infusion (CI) to bolus administration (B) in measurable metastatic colorectal cancer (MCC) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 11:163, 1992.
 
301) Shah A, Macdonald W, Goldie J, et al:5-Fluorouracil infusion in advanced colorectal cancer:a comparison of three dose schedules. Cancer Treat. Rep. 69:739-742, 1985.
PubMed
302) Cantrell JE, Hart RD, Taylor RF, et al:Pilot trial of prolonged continuous-infusion 5-fluorouracil and weekly cisplatin in advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer Treat. Rep. 71:615-618, 1987.
PubMed
303) Lokich J, Ahlgren J, Cantrell J, et al:A prospective randomized comparison of protracted infusional 5-fluorouracil with or without weekly bolus cisplatin in metastatic colorectal carcinoma;a Mid-Atrantic Oncology Program study. Cancer 67:14-19, 1991.
PubMed
304) Hansen R, Ryan L, Snderson T, et al:A phase III trial of bolus 5-FU versus protracted infusion 5-FU+/-cisplatin in metastatic colorectal cancer;An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study (EST 2286) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 11:171, 1992.
 
305) Diaz-Rubio E, Jimeno J, Anton A, et al:A prospective randomized trial of continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) versus 5-FU plus cisplatin in patients with advanced colorectal cancer;A trial of the Spanish Cooperative Group for Digestive Tract Tumor Therapy (T. T. D.) . Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 15:56-60, 1992.
 
306) Ahlgren JD, Trocki O, Gullo JJ, et al:Protracted infusion of 5-FU with weekly low-dose cisplatin as second-line therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have failed 5-FU monotherapy. Cancer Invest. 9:27-33, 1991.
PubMed

33. 腎細胞がん

P.712 掲載の参考文献
1) Zbar B, Brauch H, Talmadge C, et al:Loss of alleles of loci on the short arm of chromosome 3 in renal cell carcinoma. Nature (Lo) 327:721-724, 1987.
 
2) Ogawa O, Habuchi T, Kakehi Y, et al:Allelic losses at chromosome 17 p in human renal cell carcinoma are inversely related to allelic losses at chromosome 3 p. Cancer Res. 52:1881-1885, 1992.
PubMed
3) Thoenes W, Storkel S, Rumpelt HJ, et al:Cytomorphological typing of renal cell carcinoma-a new approach. Eur. Urol. 18 (suppl.) :6-9, 1990.
 
4) van der Hout AH, van den Berg E, van der Vlies P, et al:Loss of heterozygosity at the short arm of chromosome 3 in renal-cell cancer correlates with the cytological tumour type. Int. J. Cancer 53:353-357, 1993.
PubMed
5) Kovacs G:Molecular cytogenetics of renal cell tumours. Adv. Cancer Res. 62:89-124, 1993.
PubMed
6) Kovacs G, Welter C, Wilkens L, et al:Renal oncocytoma-a phenotypic and genetic entity of renal parencymal tumors. Am. J. Pathol. 134:967-971, 1989.
 
7) Cohen AJ, Li FP, Berg S, et al:Hereditary renal-cell carcinoma associated with a chromosome translocation. N. Engl. J. Med. 301:592-595, 1979.
PubMed
8) Zbar B, Glenn G, Lubensky I, et al:Hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma:clinical studies in 10 families. J. Urol. 153:907-912, 1995.
PubMed
9) Washecka R, Hanna M:Malignant renal tumors in tuberous sclerosis. Urology 37:340-343, 1991.
PubMed
10) Yeung RS, Xiao GH, Jin F, et al:Predisposition to renal carcinoma in the Ekar rat is determined by germ-line mutation of the tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC 2) gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:11413-11416, 1994.
 
11) Yao M, Shuin T, Misaki H, et al:Enhanced expression of c-myc and epidermal growth factor receptor (c-erbB-1) genes in primary human renal cancer. Cancer Res. 48:6753-6757, 1988.
PubMed
12) Kinouchi T, Saiki S, Naoe T, et al:Correlation of c-myc expression with nuclear pleomorphism in human renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 49:3627-3630, 1989.
PubMed
13) Suzuki Y, Tamura G, Satodate R, et al:Infrequent mutation of p 53 gene in human renal cell carcinoma detected by polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 83:233-235, 1992.
 
14) Ishikawa J, Xu HJ, Hu SX, et al:Inactivation of the retinoblastoma gene in human bladder and renal cell carcinomas. Cancer Res. 51:5736-5743, 1991.
PubMed
15) Latif F, Tory K, Gnarra J, et al:Identification of the von Hippel-Lindau disease tumor suppressor gene. Science (Wa) 260:1317-1320, 1993.
 
16) Shuin T, Kondo K, Torigoe S, et al:Frequent somatic mutations and loss of heterozygosity of von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene in primary human renal cell carcinomas. Cancer Res. 54:2852-2855, 1994.
 
17) Gnarra JR, Tory K, Weng Y, et al:Mutations of the VHL tumour suppressor gene in renal carcinoma. Nature Genet 7:85-90, 1994.
PubMed
18) Mydlo JH, Michaeli J, Cordon-Cardo C, et al:Expression of transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor messenger RNA in neoplastic and nonneoplastic human kidney tissue. Cancer Res. 49:3407-3411, 1989.
PubMed
19) Petrides PE, Bock S, Bovens J, et al:Modulation of pro-epidermal growth factor, pro-transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor gene expression in human renal carcinomas. Cancer Res. 50:3934-3939, 1990.
PubMed
20) Gomella JG, Anglard P, Sargent ER, et al:Epidermal growth factor receptor gene analysis in renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 143:191-193, 1990.
 
21) Atlas I, Mendelsohn J, Baselga J, et al:Growth regulation of human renal carcinoma cells:role of transforming growth factor alpha. Cancer Res. 52:3335-3339, 1992.
PubMed
22) Bander NH, Finstad CL, Cordon-Cardo C, et al:Analysis of a mouse monoclonal antibody that reacts with a specific region of the human proximal tubule and subsets renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 49:6774-6780, 1989.
PubMed
23) Bonsib SM, Fischer J, Plattner S, et al:Sarcomatoid renal tumors:clinicopathologic correlation of three cases. Cancer 59:527-532, 1987.
PubMed
24) Sufrin G, Chasan S, Golio A, et al:Paraneoplastic and serologic syndromes of renal adenocarcinoma. Semin. Urol. 7:158-171, 1989.
PubMed
25) 三原修一:超音波検診による腎細胞癌の早期発見. 日本内科超音波学会誌 20:24-32, 1993.
 
26) Yamashita Y, Takahashi M, Watanabe O, et al:Small renal cell carcinoma:pathologic and radiologic correlation. Radiology 184:493-498, 1992.
PubMed
27) Bonsib SM, Fischer J, Plattner S, et al:Sarcomatoid renal tumors. clinicopathologic correlation of three cases. Cancer 59:527-532, 1987.
PubMed
28) Kallman DA, King BF, Hattery RR, et al:Renal vein and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus in renal cell carcinoma:CT, US, MRI, and venacavography. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 16:240-247, 1992.
PubMed
29) Goldfarb DA, Novick AC, Lorig R, et al:Magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of vena caval tumor thrombi:a comparative study with venacavography and computerized tomography scanning. J. Urol. 144:1100-1104, 1990.
PubMed
30) Grantham JJ:Acquired cystic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 40:143-152, 1991.
PubMed
31) Ishikawa I:Uremic acquired renal cystic disease:natural history and complications. Nephron 58:257-267, 1991.
PubMed
32) Lieber MM:Renal oncocytoma:prognosis and treatment. Eur. Urol. 18(suppl. 2) :17-21, 1990.
 
33) Steiner MS, Goldman SM, Fishman EK, et al:The natural history of renal angiomyolipoma. J. Urol. 150:1782-1786, 1993.
PubMed
34) Robson CJ, Churchill BM, Anderson W:The results of radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 101:297-301, 1969.
PubMed
35) Skinner DG, Vermillion CD, Colvin RB:The surgical management of renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 107:705-710, 1972.
PubMed
36) Herrlinger A, Schrott KM, Schott G, et al:What are the benefits of extended dissection of the regional renal lymph nodes in the therapy of renal cell carcinoma? J. Urol. 146:1224-1227, 1991.
PubMed
37) 大西哲郎, 町田豊平, 増田富士男・他:腎細胞癌の所属リンパ節転移症例の臨床的研究. 癌治会誌 27:775-781, 1992.
 
38) Phillips E, Messing EM:Role of lymphadenectomy in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Urology 41:9-15, 1993.
PubMed
39) 増田富士男, 古田 希, 浅野晃司:リンパ節転移を伴う腎細胞癌の臨床病理学的検討. 癌治会誌 27:795-798, 1992.
 
40) Robey EL, Schellhammer PF:The adrenal gland and renal cell carcinoma:is ipsilateral adrenalectomy a necessary component of radical nephrectomy? J. Urol. 135:453-455, 1986.
PubMed
41) Winter P, Miersch WD, Vogel J, et al:On the necessity of adrenal extirpation combined with radical nephrectomy. J. Urol. 144:842-844, 1990.
PubMed
42) Gill IS, Mcclennan BL, Kerbl K, et al:Adrenal involvement from renal cell carcinoma:predictive value of computerized tomography. J. Urol. 152:1082-1085, 1994.
PubMed
43) Shalev M, Cipolla B, Guille F, et al:Is ipsilateral adrenalectomy a necessary component of radical nephrectomy? J. Urol. 153:1415-1417, 1995.
PubMed
44) Takashi M, Nakano Y, Sakata T, et al:Multivariate evaluation of prognostic determinants for renal cell carcinoma. Urol. Int. 50:6-12, 1993.
PubMed
45) 高橋 敦, 熊本悦明, 塚本泰司・他:腎細胞癌の再発に関する因子の検討日泌尿会誌 83:59-65, 1992.
 
46) Guinan PD, Vogelzang NJ, Fremgen AM, et al:Renal cell carcinoma:tumor size, stage and survival. J. Urol. 153:901-903, 1995.
PubMed
47) Tsukamoto T, Kumamoto Y, Takahashi A, et al:Tumor size of renal cell carcinoma:its clinical implication. Urol. Int. 48:378-383, 1992.
PubMed
48) Ljungberg B, Larsson P, Stenling R, et al:Flow cytometric deoxyribonucleic acid analysis in stage I renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 146:697-699, 1991.
 
49) Currin SM, Lee SE, Walther PJ:Flow cytometric assessment of deoxyribonucleic acid content in renal adenocarcinoma:does ploidy status enhance prognostic stratification over stage alone? J. Urol. 143:458-463, 1990.
PubMed
50) Konnak JW, Grossman HB:Renal cell carcinoma as an incidental finding. J. Urol. 134:1094-1096, 1985.
PubMed
51) Aso Y, Homma Y:A survey on incidental renal cell carcinoma in japan. J. Urol. 147:340-343, 1992.
PubMed
52) Nakano E, Iwasaki A, Seguchi T, et al:Incidentally diagnosed renal cell carcinoma. Eur. Urol. 21:294-298, 1992.
PubMed
53) Homma Y, Kawabe K, Kitamura T, et al:Increased incidental detection and reduced mortality in renal cancer-recent retrospective analysis at eight institutions. Int. J. Urol. 2:77-80, 1995.
PubMed
54) Sasaki Y, Homma Y, Hosaka Y, et al:Clinical and flow cytometric analyses of renal cell carcinomas with reference to incidental or non-incidental detection. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 24:32-36, 1994.
PubMed
55) Sandock DS, Seftel AD, Resnick MI:A new protocol for the followup of renal cell carcinoma based on pathological stage. J. Urol. 154:28-31, 1995.
 
56) Steinbach F, Stockle M, Griesinger A, et al:Multifocal renal cell tumors:a retrospective analysis of 56 patients treated with radical nephrectomy. J. Urol. 152:1393-1396, 1994.
PubMed
57) Kletscher BA, Qian J, Bostwick DG, et al:Prospective analysis of multifocality in renal cell carcinoma:influence of histological pattern, grade, number, size, volume and deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy. J. Urol. 153:904-906, 1995.
PubMed
58) Cheng WS, Farrow GM, Zincke H:The incidence of multicentricity in renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 146:1221-1223, 1991.
PubMed
59) Mukamel E, Konichenzky M, Engelstein D, et al:Incidental small renal tumors accompanying clinically overt renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 140:22-24, 1988.
 
60) Nissenkorn I, Bernheim J:Multicentricity in renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 153:620-622, 1995.
PubMed
61) Jacqmin D, Saussine C, Roca D, et al:Multiple tumors in the same kidney:incidence and therapeutic implications. Eur. Urol. 21:32-34, 1992.
PubMed
62) Herr HW:Partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma with a normal opposite kidney. Cancer 73:160-162, 1994.
PubMed
63) Steinbach F, Stockle M, Muller SC, et al:Conservative surgery of renal cell tumors in 140 patients:21 years of experience. J. Urol. 148:24-30, 1992.
PubMed
64) van Poppel H, Claes H, Willemen P, et al:Is there a place for conservative surgery in the treatment of renal carcinoma? Brit. J. Urol. 67:129-133, 1991.
 
65) Provet J, Tessler A, Brown J, et al:Partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma:indication, results and implications. J. Urol. 145:472-476, 1991.
PubMed
66) Morgan WR, Zincke H:Progression and survival after renal-conserving surgery for renal cell carcinoma:experience in 104 patients and extended followup. J. Urol. 144:852-858, 1990.
PubMed
67) Novick AC, Streem ・S, Montie JE, et al:Conservative surgery for renal cell carcinoma:a single-center experience with 100 patients. J. Urol. 141:835-839, 1989.
 
68) Carini M, Selli C, Barbanti G, et al:Conservative surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma:clinical experience and reappraisal of indications. J. Urol. 140:725-731, 1988.
PubMed
69) Lichit MR, Novick AC, Goormastic M:Nephron sparing surgery in incidental versus suspected renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 152:39-42, 1994.
 
70) Selli C, Carini M, Rizzo M:Conservative surgery of kidney tumors in adults. World J. Urol. 10:30-34, 1992.
 
71) Moll V, Becht E, Ziegler M:Kidney preserving surgery in renal cell tumors:indications, techniques and results in 152 patients. J. Urol. 150:319-323, 1993.
PubMed
72) Bazeed MA, Scharfe T, Becht E, et al:Conservative surgery of renal cell carcinoma. Eur. Urol. 12:238-243, 1986.
PubMed
73) Smith RB, deKernion JB, Ehrlich RM, et al.:Bilateral renal cell carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma in the solitary kidney. J. Urol. 132:450-454, 1984.
PubMed
74) Butler BP, Novick AC, Miller DP, et al:Management of small unilateral renal cell carcinomas:radical versus nephron-sparing surgery. Urology 45:34-41, 1995.
PubMed
75) Assimos DG, Boyce WH, Woodruff RD, et al:Intraoperative renal ultrasonography:a useful adjunct to partial nephrectomy. J. Urol. 146:1218-1220, 1991.
 
76) Walther MM, Choyke PL, Hayes W, et al:Evaluation of color doppler intraoperative ultrasound in parenchymal sparing renal surgery. J. Urol. 152:1984-1987, 1994.
PubMed
77) Campbell SC, Novick AC, Streem SB, et al:Complication of nephron sparing surgery for renal tumors. J. Urol. 151:1177-1180, 1994.
PubMed
78) Poston CD, Jaffe GS, Lubensky IA, et al:Characterization of the renal pathology of a familial form of renal cell carcinoma associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease:clinical and molecular genetic implications. J. Urol. 153:22-26, 1995.
PubMed
79) Walther MM, Choyke PL, Weiss G, et al:Parenchymal sparing surgery in patients with hereditary renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 153:913-916, 1995.
PubMed
80) Novick AC, Streem SB:Long-term followup after nephron sparing surgery for renal cell carcinoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease. J. Urol. 147:1488-1490, 1992.
PubMed
81) Steinbach F, Novick AC, Zincke H, et al:Treatment of renal cell carcinoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease:a multicenter study. J. Urol. 153:1812-1816, 1995.
PubMed
82) Treiger BFG, Humphrey LS, Peterson CV Jr, et al:Transesophageal echocardiography in renal cell carcinoma:an accurate diagnostic technique for intracaval neoplastic extension. J. Urol. 145:1138-1140, 1991.
 
83) Harris DD, Wang Y, Ruckle HC, et al:Intraoperative ultrasound:determination of the presence and extent of vena caval tumor thrombus. Urology 44:189-193, 1994.
PubMed
84) Gohji K, Yamashita C, Ueno K, et al:Preoperative computerized tomography detection of extensive invasion of the inferior vena cava by renal cell carcinoma:possible indication for resection with partial cardiopulmonary by pass and patch grafting. J. Urol. 152:1993-1997, 1994.
 
85) Vekemans KMM, Schroder FH:Prosthetic replacement of the inferior vena cava in renal cell carcinoma surgery. Eur. Urol. 19:262-266, 1991.
 
86) Hatcher PA, Anderson EE, Paulson DF, et al:Sugical management and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma invading the vena cava. J. Urol. 145:20-24, 1991.
 
87) Libertino JA, Zinman L, Watkins E Jr, et al:Long-term results of resection of renal cell cancer with extension into inferior vena cava. J. Urol. 137:21-24, 1987.
PubMed
88) Ferrari P, Grassi D, Castagnetti G, et al:Neoplastic thrombosis in the renal cancer. Eur. Urol. 17:27-29, 1990.
PubMed
89) Reissigl A, Janetschek G, Eberle J, et al:Renal cell carcinoma extending into the vena cava:surgical approach, technique and results. Brit. J. Urol. 75:138-142, 1995.
PubMed
90) Suggs WD, Smith RB III, Dodson TF, et al:Renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena caval involvement. J. Vasc. Surg. 14:413-418, 1991.
 
91) Skinner DG, Pritchett TR, Lieskovsky G, et al:Vena caval involvement by renal cell carcinoma. surgical resection provides meaningful long-term survival. Ann. Surg. 210:387-394, 1989.
PubMed
92) Bennett RT, Lerner SE, Taub HC, et al:Cytoreductive surgery for stage IV renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 154:32-34, 1995.
PubMed
93) Rackley R, Novick A, Klein E, et al:The impact of adjuvant nephrectomy on multimodality treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 152:1399-1403, 1994.
PubMed
94) Maldazys JD, deKernion JB:Prognostic Factors in metastatic renal carcinoma. J. Urol. 136:376-379, 1986.
PubMed
95) Tobisu K, Kakizoe T, Takai K, et al:Surgical treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 20:263-267, 1990.
PubMed
96) Tolia BM, Whitmore WF Jr:Solitary metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 114:836-838, 1975.
PubMed
97) O'dea MJ, Zincke H, Utz DC, et al:The treatment of renal cell carcinoma with solitary metastasis. J. Urol. 120:540-542, 1978.
PubMed
98) Schott G, Weissmuller J, Vecera E:Methods and prognosis of the extirpation of pulmonary metastases following tumor nephrectomy. Urol. Int. 43:272-274, 1988.
PubMed
99) Pogrebniak HW, Haas G, Linehan WM, et al:Renal cell carcinoma:resection of solitary and multiple metastases. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 54:33-38, 1992.
PubMed
100) Swanson DA, Orovan WL, Johnson DE, et al:Osseous metastases secondary to renal cell carcinoma. Urology 18:556-561, 1981.
PubMed
101) Smith EM, Makley J, Resnick MI:Treatment of osseous metastases secondary to renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 148:784-787, 1992.
PubMed
102) Denis L, van Oosterom A:Chemotherapy of metastatic renal cancer. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 4:91-94, 1988.
PubMed
103) Yagoda A:Chemotherapy of renal cell carcinoma:1983-1989. Semin Urology. 7:199-206, 1989.
PubMed
104) Fojo AT, Ueda K, Slamon DJ, et al:Expression of a multidrug-resistance gene in human tumors and tissues. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:265-269, 1987.
PubMed
105) Kakehi Y, Kanamaru H, Yoshida O, et al:Measurement of multidrug-resistance messenger RNA in urogenital cancers;elevated expression in renal cell carcinoma is associated with intrinsic drug resistance. J. Urol. 139:862-865, 1988.
PubMed
106) Mickisch G, Bier H, Bergler W, et al:P-170 glycoprotein, glutathione and associated enzymes in relation to chemoresistance of primary human renal cell carcinomas. Urol. Int. 45:170-176, 1990.
PubMed
107) Mickisch GH, Roehrich K, Koessig J, et al:Mechanisms and modulation of multidrug resistance in primary human renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 144:755-759, 1990.
PubMed
108) Fossa SD, Kjolseth I, Lund G:Radiotherapy of metastases from renal cancer. Eur. Urol. 8:340-342, 1982.
PubMed
109) Onufrey V, Mohiuddin M:Radiation therapy in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 11:2007-2009, 1985.
PubMed
110) Kjaer M, Frederiksen PL, Engelholm SA:Postoperative radiotherapy in stage II and III renal adenocarcinoma. a randomized trial by the copenhagen renal cancer study group. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. 13:665-672, 1987.
 
111) Finney R:The value of radiotherapy in the treatment of hypernephroma-a clinical trial. Brit. J. Urol. 45:258-269, 1973.
PubMed
112) Kirkman H, Bacon RL:Estrogen-induced tumors of the kidney. I. incidence of renal tumors in intact and gonadectomized male golden hamsters treated with diethylstilbestrol. JNCI 13:745-755, 1952.
PubMed
113) Bloom HJG:Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera) in the treatment of metastatic renal cancer. Br. J. Cancer. 25:250-265, 1971.
 
114) Kjaer M:The role of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in the treatment of renal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Treat. Rev. 15:195-209, 1988.
PubMed
115) Pizzocaro G, Piva L, Salvioni R, et al:Adjuvant medroxyprogesterone acetate and steroid hormone receptors in category M 0 renal cell carcinoma. an interim report of a prospective randomized study. J. Urol. 135:18-21, 1986.
 
116) Ueda R, Shiku H, Pfreundschuh M, et al:Cell surface antigens of human renal cancer defined by autologous typing. J. Exp. Med. 150:564-579, 1979.
PubMed
117) Wirth MP:Immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Urol. Clin. North. Am. 20:283-295, 1993.
PubMed
118) Umeda T, Niijima T:Phase II study of alpha interferon on renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 58:1231-1235, 1986.
PubMed
119) Nanus DM, Pfeffer LM, Bander NH, et al:Antiproliferative and antitumor effects of alpha-interferon in renal cell carcinomas:correlation with the expression of a kidney-associated differentiation glycoprotein. Cancer Res. 50:4190-4194, 1990.
PubMed
120) Aulitzky W, Gastl G, Aulitzky WE, et al:Successful treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with a biologically active dose of recombinant interferon-gamma. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1875-1884, 1989.
PubMed
121) Kinouchi T, Kotake T:Treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma with a combination of human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha and cimetidine. J. Urol. 153:256 A, 1995.
 
122) Atzpodien J, Kirchner H, Hanninen EL, et al:European studies of interleukin-2 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Semin. Oncol. 20:22-26, 1993.
PubMed
123) Huland E, Heinzer H, Huland H:Inhaled interleukin-2 in combination with low-dose systemic interleukin-2 and interferon alpha in patients with pulmonary metastatic renal-cell carcinoma:effectiveness and toxicity of mainly local treatment. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 120:221-228, 1994.
PubMed
P.741 掲載の参考文献
1) 日本泌尿器科学会, 日本病理学会 (編) :腎孟・尿管癌取扱い規約 (日本泌尿器科・病理学会編) , 金原出版, 東京, 1990.
 
2) Rehn L:Blasengeschwulste bei Anilinarbeitern. Arch. Klin. Chir. 50:588-600, 1895.
 
3) Mills PK, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, et al:Bladder cancer in a low risk population:Results from the Adventists health study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 133:230-239, 1991.
 
4) 日本泌尿器科学会, 日本病理学会 (編) :膀胱癌取扱い規約 (日本泌尿器科・病理学会編) 第2版, 金原出版, 東京, 1993.
 
5) UICC:TNM classification of malignant tumours. 4th edn, 2nd revision eds. by Hermanek P and Sobin LH, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1992.
 
6) Jewett HJ, Strong GH:Infiltrating carcinoma of the bladder:Relation of depth of penetration of the bladder wall to incidence of local extension and metastases. J. Urol. 55:366-372, 1946.
PubMed
7) Jewett HJ:Carcinoma of the bladder:Influence of depth of infiltration on the 5-year results following complete extirpation of the primary growth. J. Urol. 67:672-680, 1952.
PubMed
8) Marshall VF:The relation of the preoperative estimate to the pathologic demonstration of the extent to vesical neoplasms. J. Urol. 68:714-723, 1952.
 
9) 中村昌平:経尿道的超音波断層法の開発と膀胱への臨床応用. 日泌尿会誌72:511-529, 1981.
 
10) Hori S, Okawa M, Miyoshi K, et al:Computed tomography of the urinary bladder using the olive oil-filled method. Acta Urol. Jpn. 26:545-549, 1980.
 
11) 堀 信一:膀胱癌深達度判定の研究. 日本放医会誌43:1024-1035, 1983.
 
12) Amendola MA, Glazer GM, Grossman HB, et al:Staging of bladder carcinoma:MRI-CT-surgical correlation. Am. J. Roentgenol. 146:1179-1183, 1986.
 
13) Bryan PJ, Butler HE, Lipuma JP, et al:CT and MR imaging in staging bladder neoplasms. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 11:96-101, 1987.
 
14) Narumi Y, Kadota T, Inoue E, et al:Bladder tumors:Staging with gadolinium-enhanced oblique MR imaging. Radiology 187:145-150, 1993.
PubMed
15) 西村一男, 堀井泰樹, 松田公志・他:泌尿器科悪性腫瘍におけるMRIの臨床的位置づけ. 第2報膀胱癌のstagingにおける各種画像診断の位置づけ:MRI, CT, 経尿道的超音波検査の比較. 泌尿紀要34:2091-2096, 1988.
 
16) Kim B, Semelka RC, Ascher SM, et al:Bladder tumor staging:Comparison of contrast-enhanced CT, T 1-and T 2-weighted MR imaging, dynamic gadolinium-enhanced imaging, and late gadolinium-enhanced imaging. Radiology 193:239-245, 1994.
 
17) 黒田昌男, 細木 茂, 木内利明・他:膀胱癌の治療成績:TURの限界と膀胱全摘除術の適応. 日泌尿会誌79:507-512, 1988.
 
18) Lamm DL, Riggs DR, Traynelis CL, et al:Apparent failure of current intravesical chemotherapy prophylaxis to influence the long-term course of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J. Urol. 153:1444-1450, 1995.
 
19) Akaza H, Hinotsu S, Aso Y, et al:Bacillus Calmette-Guerin treatment of existing papillary bladder cancer and carcinoma in situ of the bladder. Cancer 75:552-559, 1995.
PubMed
20) Scher HI, Yagoda A, Herr HW, et al:Neoadjuvant M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin) effect on the primary bladder lesion. J. Urol. 139:470-474, 1988.
PubMed
21) Logothetis CJ, Johnson DE, Chong C, et al:Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and cisplatin chemotherapy for bladder cancer:An update. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1590-1596, 1988.
PubMed
22) Skinner DG, Daniels JR, Russel CA, et al:The role of adjuvant chemotherapy following cystectomy for invasive bladder cancer:a prospective comparative trial. J. Urol. 145:459-467, 1991.
 
23) Stokle M, Meyenburg W, Wellek S, et al:Adjuvant polychemotherapy of nonorgan-confined bladder cancer after radical cystectomy revisited:long-term results of a controlled prospective study and further clinical experience. J. Urol. 153:47-52, 1995.
 
24) Hautmann RE, Egghart G, Frohneberg D, et al.:The ileal neobladder. J. Urol. 139:39-42, 1988.
PubMed
25) Bachor R, Hautmann R:Options in urinary diversion:A review and critical assessment. Semin. Urol. 4:235-250, 1993.
PubMed
26) Prout GR, Shipley WU, Kaufman DS, et al:Preliminary results in invasive bladder cancer with transurethral resection, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and combined pelvic irradiation plus cisplatin chemotherapy. J. Urol. 144:1128-1136, 1990.
PubMed
27) Sternberg CN, Yagoda A, Scher HI, et al:Preliminary results of M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin) for transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium. J. Urol. 133:403-407, 1985.
PubMed
28) Sternberg CN, Yagoda A, Scher HI, et al:M-VAC for advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium:Efficacy and patterns of response. Cancer 64:2448-2458, 1989.
PubMed
29) Logothetis CJ, Dexeus FH, Chong C, et al:Cisplatin, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin chemotherapy for unresectable urothelial tumors:The M. D. Anderson experience. J. Urol. 141:33-37, 1989.
 
30) Farrow GM, Utz DC, Rife CC, et al:Clinical observation on sixty-nine cases of carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. Cancer Res. 37:2794-2798, 1977.
PubMed
31) Morales A:Treatment of carcinoma in situ of the bladder with BCG:A phase II trial. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 9:69, 1980.
 
32) Herr HW, Pinsky CM, Whitmore WF Jr, et al:Long-term effect of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin on flat carcinoma in situ of the bladder. J. Urol. 135:265-267, 1986.
PubMed
33) Steffens J, Nagel R:Tumours of the renal pelvis and ureter:Observation in 170 patients. Br. J. Urol. 61:277-283, 1989.
 
34) Bagley DH, Huffman JL, Lyon ES:Flexible ureteropyeloscopy:Diagnosis and treatment in the upper urinary tract. J. Urol. 138:280-285, 1987.
PubMed
35) Blute ML, Segura JW, Patterson DE, et al:Impact of endourology on diagnosis and management of upper urinary tract urothelial cancer. J. Urol. 141:1298-1301, 1989.
 

34. 前立腺がん

P.771 掲載の参考文献
1) 厚生省大臣官房統計情報部編:表5. 24悪性新生物の主要部位別にみた性・年次別死亡数及び率 (頁276-277) , 第1表-1死亡数, 性・年齢 (5歳階級) ・死因 (三桁基本分類) 別 (頁100) . 平成6年人口動態統計上巻, (財) 厚生統計協会, 1996.
 
2) 日本病理学会編:日本病理剖検輯報19-34輯, 日本病理剖検輯報刊行会, 1976-1992.
 
3) 富永祐民, 青木國雄, 花井 彩・他:がん・統計白書-罹患/死亡/予後-1993. 篠原出版, 東京, 1993.
 
4) Shiraishi T, Watanabe M, Matsuura H, et al:The Frequency of latent prostatic carcinoma in young males:the Japanese experience. In Vivo 8:445-447, 1994.
PubMed
5) Anderson GA, Lawson RK, Gottlieb MS:Quantitation on potentially undiagnosed incidental carcinoma of the prostate in patients treated non-surgically for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br. J. Urol. 72:465-469, 1993.
PubMed
6) 藤田知洋, 蟹本雄右, 秋野裕信・他:前立腺偶発癌に関する研究. 泌尿器科紀要37:695-703, 1991
 
7) Van Andel G, Vleeming R, Kurth K, et al:Incidental carcinoma of the prostate. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 11:36-45, 1995.
PubMed
8) Kabalin JN, McNeal JE, Price HM, et al:Unsuspected adenocarcinoma of the prostate in patients undergoing cystoprostatectomy for other causes:incidence, histology and morphometric observations. J. Urol. 141:1091-1094, 1989.
PubMed
9) Breslow N, Chan CW, Dhom G, et al:Latent carcinoma of prostate at autopsy in seven areas. Int. J. Cancer 20:680-688, 1977.
PubMed
10) Yatani R, Chigusa I, Akazaki K, et al:Geographic pathology of latent prostatic carcinoma. Int. J. Cancer 29:611-616, 1982.
PubMed
11) 原田昌興, 根本良介, 内田克紀・他, Mostofi FK:日米前立腺癌の病理組織学的比較. 日泌尿会誌 84:1110-1118, 1993.
 
12) Parkin DM, Muir CS, Whelan SL, et al:Cancer Incidence in Five Countries, Vol. VI, IARC Scientific Publications, No. 120, Lyon, 1992.
 
13) Shimizu H, Ross RK, Bernstein L, et al:Cancers of the prostate and breast among Japanese and white immigrants in Los Angeles County. Br. J. Cancer 63:963-966, 1991.
PubMed
14) Pour PM, Groot K, Kazakoff K, et al:Effects of high-fat diet on the patterns of prostatic cancer induced in rats by N-nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl) amine and testosterone. Cancer Res. 51:4757-4761, 1991.
 
15) Wang Y, Corr JG, Thaler HT, et al:Decreased growth of established human prostate LNCaP tumors in nude mice fed a low-fat diet. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87:1456-1462, 1995.
PubMed
16) Andersson SO, Baron J, Wolk A, et al:Early life risk factors for prostate cancer:a population-based case control study in Sweden. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prevent. 4:187-192, 1995.
 
17) Whittemore AS, Kolonel LN, Wu AH, et al:Prostate cancer in relation to diet, physical activity, and body size in blacks, whites, and Asians in the United States and Canada. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87:652-661, 1995.
 
18) Pollard M, Luckert PH:Promotional effects of testosterone and dietary fat on prostate carcinogenesis in genetically susceptible rats. Prostate 6:1-5, 1985.
PubMed
19) 吉田 修, 大石賢二, 岡田謙一郎・他:日本人:前立腺癌の疫学的研究. 前立腺癌の基礎と臨床 (前立腺研究財団編) . 金原出版, 1988, pp. 61-77.
 
20) Waalkes MP, Rehm S:Cadmium and prostate cancer. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health. 43:251-269, 1994.
PubMed
21) Gronberg H, Damber L, Damber JE:Studies of genetic factors in prostate cancer in a twin population. J. Urol. 152:1484-1489, 1994.
 
22) Ghadirian P, Cadotte M, Lacroix A, et al:Family aggregation of cancer of the prostate in Quebec:the tip of the iceberg. Prostate 19:43-52, 1991.
 
23) Spitz MR, Currier RD, Fueger JJ, et al:Familial patterns of prostate cancer:a case-control analysis. J. Urol. 146:1305-1307, 1991.
PubMed
24) Meikle AW, Smith JA, West DW:Familial factors affecting prostatic cancer risk and plasma sex-steroid levels. Prostate 6:121-128, 1985.
PubMed
25) Yatani R, Shiraishi T, Nakakuki K, et al:Trends in frequency of latent prostate carcinoma in Japan from 1965-1979 to 1982-1986. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80:683-687, 1988.
PubMed
26) Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, et al:Detection of organ-confined prostate cancer is increased through prostate-specific antigen-based screening. JAMA 270:948-954, 1993.
PubMed
27) Potosky AL, Miller BA, Albertsen PC, et al:The role of increasing detection in the rising incidence of prostate cancer. JAMA 273:548-552, 1995.
PubMed
28) 日本泌尿器科学会・日本病理学会編:前立腺癌取扱い規約 (第2版) . 金原出版, 東京, 1992.
 
29) Gleason DF, VACURG:Histologic grading and clinical staging of prostatic carcinoma. In Urologic Pathology:The prostate (Tannenbaum, M. ed) , Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, pp. 171-198, 1977.
 
30) Gleason DF:Histologic granding of prostate cancer:a perspective. Human Pathol. 23:273-279, 1992.
 
31) McNeal JE, Bostwick DG:Intraductal dysplasia:a premalignant lesion of the prostate. Human Pathol. 17:64-71, 1986.
PubMed
32) Brawer MK:Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia:a premalignant lesion. Human Pathol. 23:242-248, 1992.
PubMed
33) Keetch DW, Humphrey P, Stahl D, et al:Morphometric analysis and clinical followup of isolated prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in needle biopsy of the prostate. J. Urol. 154:347-351, 1995.
PubMed
34) Davidson D, Bostwick DG, Qian J, et al:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasma:Predictive accuracy in needle biopsy. J. Urol. 154:1295-1299, 1995.
 
35) Bostwick DG, Qian J:Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the prostate. Relationship with carcinoma in 217 whole-mount radical prostatectomies. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 19:506-518, 1995.
 
36) di Sant'Agnese PA:Neuroendocrine differentiation in carcinoma of the prostate. Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic inplications. Cancer (suppl.) 70:254-268, 1992.
 
37) Gkonos PJ, Krongrad A, Roos BA:Neuroendocrine peptides in the prostate. Urol. Res. 23:81-87, 1995.
PubMed
38) TNM CIassification of Malignant Tumours. 4th. ed, edited by Hermanek P. and Sobin LH, 1992.
 
39) Epstein JI, Walsh PC, Carmichael M, et al:Pathologic and clinical findings to predict tumor extent of nonpalpable (stage T 1 c) prostate cancer. JAMA 271:368-374, 1994.
 
40) Brendler CB:Characteristics of prostate cancer found with early detection regimens. Urology 46 (Suppl. A) :71-76, 1995.
 
41) Ohori M, Wheeler TM, Dunn JK, et al:The pathological features and prognosis of prostate cancer detectable with current diagnostic tests. J. Urol. 152:1714-1720, 1994.
PubMed
42) Cooper EH:Tumour markers in prostatic cancer. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 206 (suppl.) :42-51, 1991.
 
43) Bogdanowicz JF, Bentvelsen FM, Oosterom R, et al:Evaluation of prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase in untreated prostatic carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. 138 (Suppl.) :97-103, 1991.
 
44) Wirth MP, Frohmuller HG:Prostate-specific antigen and prostate acid phosphatase in the detection of early prostate cancer and the prediction of regional lymph node metastases. Eur. Urol. 22:27-32, 1992.
PubMed
45) Lowe FC, Trauzzi SJ:Prostatic acid phosphatase in 1993. Its limited clinical utility. Urol. Clin. North Am. 20:589-595, 1993.
PubMed
46) Lee F, Gray JM, McLeary RD, et al:Transrectal ultrasound in the diagnosis of prostate cancer:location, echogenicity, histopathology, and staging. Prostate 7:117-129, 1985.
PubMed
47) Hodge KK, McNeal JE, Terris MK, et al:Random systematic versus directed ultrasound guided transrectal core biopsies of the prostate. J. Urol. 142:71-74, 1989.
PubMed
48) Coplen DE, Andriole GL, Yuan JJ, et al:The ability of systematic transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy to detect prostate cancer in men with the clinical diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J. Urol. 146:75-77, 1991.
PubMed
49) Armbruster DA:Prostate-specific antigen:biochemistry, analytical methods, and clinical application. Clin. Chem. 39:181-195, 1993.
PubMed
50) Wang MC, Valenzuela LA, Murphy GP, et al:Purification of a human prostate specific antigen. Invest. Urol. 17:159-163, 1979.
PubMed
51) Hara M, Inoue T, Koyanagi Y, et al:Immunoelectrophoretic studies of the protein component in human seminal plasma (especially its specific component) . (Forensic immunological study of body fluid and secretions. VI) Jpn. J. Legal Med. 23:117-122, 1969.
 
52) Stenman UH, Leinonen J, Zhang WH:Standardization of PSA determinations. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 221 (Suppl.) :45-51, 1995.
 
53) Kuriyama M, Akimoto S, Akaza H, et al:Comparison of various assay systems for prostate-specific antigen. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 22:393-399, 1992.
PubMed
54) Brawer MK, Chetner MP, Beatie J, et al:Screening for prostatic carcinoma with prostate specific antigen. J. Urol. 147:841-845, 1992.
PubMed
55) Small EJ:Prostate cancer:who to screen, and what the results mean. Geriatrics 48:28-30, 35-38, 1993.
 
56) Hammerer P, Huland H:Systematic sextant biopsies in 651 patients referred for prostate evaluation. J. Urol. 151:99-102, 1994.
PubMed
57) Catalona WJ, Hudson MA, Scardino PT, et al:Selection of optimal prostate specific antigen cutoffs for early detection of prostate cancer:receiver operating characteristic curves. J. Urol. 152:2037-2042, 1994.
PubMed
58) Kirby RS, Kirby MG, Feneley MR, et al:Screening for carcinoma of the prostate:a GP based study. Br. J. Urol. 74:64-71, 1994.
PubMed
59) Tibblin G, Welin L, Vergstrom R, et al:The value of prostate specific antigen in early diagnosis of prostate cancer:the study of men born in 1913. J. Urol. 154:1386-1389, 1995.
 
60) Yamamoto M, Hibi H, Miyake K:Prostate-specific antigen levels in acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis. Acta. Urol. Jpn. (泌尿器科紀要) 39:445-449, 1993.
 
61) Nadler RB, Humphrey PA, Smith DS, et al:Effect of inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia on elevated serum prostate specific antigen levels. J. Urol. 154:407-413, 1995.
 
62) Breul J, Binder K, Block T, et al:Effect of digital rectal examination on serum concentration of prostate-specific antigen. Eur. Urol. 21:195-199, 1992.
PubMed
63) Chyvowski FM, Bergstralh EJ, Osterling JE:The effect of digital rectal examination on the serum prostate specific antigen concentration:results of a randomized study. J. Urol. 148:83-86, 1992.
 
64) Crawford ED, Schutz MJ, Clejan S, et al:The effect of digital rectal examination on prostate-specific antigen levels. JAMA 267:2227-2228, 1992.
PubMed
65) Thomson RD, Clejan S:Digital rectal examination-associated alterations in serum prostate-specific antigen. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 97:528-534, 1992.
PubMed
66) Littrup PJ, Williams CR, Egglin TK, et al:Determination of prostate volume with transrectal US for cancer screening. Part II. Acuuracy of in vitro and in vivo techniques. Radiology 179:49-53, 1991.
PubMed
67) Benson MC, Whang IS, Pantuck A, et al:Prostate specific antigen density:a means of distinguishing benign prostate hypertrophy and prostate cancer. J. Urol. 147:815-816, 1992.
PubMed
68) Aziz DC, Barathur RB:Prostate-specific antigen and prostate volume:a meta-analysis of prostate cancer screening criteria. J. Clin. Lab. Analy. 7:283-292, 1993.
 
69) Wolff JM, Scholz A, Boeckmann W, et al:Differentiation of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer employing prostatic-specific antigen density. Eur. Urol. 25:295-298, 1994.
PubMed
70) Ramon J, Boccon-Gibod L, Billebaud T, et al:Prostate-specific antigen density:a means to enhance detection of prostate cancer. Eur. Urol. 25:288-294, 1994
PubMed
71) Bretton PR, Evans WP, Borden JD, et al:The use of prostate specific antigen density to improve the sensitivity of prostate specific antigen in detecting prostate carcinoma. Cancer 74:2991-2995, 1994.
PubMed
72) Shinohara K, Wolf JS Jr, Narayan P, et al:Comparison of prostate specific antigen with prostate specific antigen density for 3 clinical applications. J. Urol. 152:120-123, 1994.
PubMed
73) Benson MC, Olsson CA:Prostate specific antigen and prostate specific antigen dentisy. Roles in patient evaluation and management. Cancer 74:1667-1673, 1994.
 
74) Van Iersel MP, Witjes WP, de la Rosette JJ, et al:Prostate-specific antigen density:correlation with histological diagnosis of prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis. Br. J. Urol. 76:47-53, 1995.
PubMed
75) Bare R, Hart L, McCullough DL:Correlation of prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific antigen density with outcome of prostate biopsy. Urology 43:191-196, 1994.
PubMed
76) Smith DS, Catalona WJ:Rate of change in serum prostate specific antigen levels as a method for prostate cancer detection. J. Urol. 152:1163-1167, 1994.
PubMed
77) Oesterling JE, Jacobsen SJ, Chute CG, et al:Serum prostate-specific antigen in a community-based population of healthy men. Establishment of age-specific reference ranges. JAMA 270:860-864, 1993.
 
78) el-Galley RE, Petros JA, Sanders WH, et al:Normal range prostate-specific antigen versus age-specific prostate-specific antigen in screening prostate adenocarcinoma. Urology 46:200-204, 1995.
PubMed
79) Zhou AM, Tewari PC, Bluestein BI, et al:Multiple forms of prostate-specific antigen in serum:differences in immunorecognition by monoclonal and polyclonal assays. Clin. Chem. 39:2483-2491, 1993.
PubMed
80) Lilja H, Christensson A, Dahlen U, et al:Prostate-specific antigen in serum occurs predominantly in complex with alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. Clin. Chem. 37:1618-1625, 1991.
PubMed
81) Wu JT, Wilson L, Zhang P, et al:Correlation of serum concentrations of PSA-ACT complex with total PSA in random and serial specimens from patients with BPH and prostate cancer. J. Clin. Lab. Analy. 9:15-24, 1995.
 
82) Oesterling JE, Jacobsen SJ, Klee GG, et al:Free, complexed and total serum prostate specific antigen:the establishment of appropriate reference ranges for their concentrations and ratios. J. Urol. 154:1090-1095, 1995.
PubMed
83) Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Wolfert RL, et al:Evaluation of percentage of free serum prostate-specific antigen to improve specificity of prostate cancer screening. JAMA 274:1214-1220, 1995.
PubMed
84) Paul R, Breul J, Hartung R:Prostate-specific antigen density and age-specific prostate-specific antigen values:the solution of prostate cancer screening?. Eur. Urol. 27:286-291, 1995.
PubMed
85) Meshref AW, Bazinet M, Trudel C, et al:Role of prostate-specific antigen density after applying age-specific prostate-specific antigen reference ranges. Urology 45:972-979, 1995.
PubMed
86) Sutton MA, Gibbons RP, Correa RJ Jr:Is deleting the digital rectal examination a good idea?. Western J. Med. 155:43-46, 1991.
 
87) Palken M, Cobb OE, Simons CE, et al:Prostate cancer:comparison of digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasound for screening. J. Urol. 145:86-92, 1991.
PubMed
88) Akdas A, Tarcan T, Turkeri L, et al:The diagnostic accuracy of digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasonography, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and PSA density in prostate carcinoma. Br. J. Urol. 76:54-56, 1995.
PubMed
89) Smith DS, Catalona WJ:Interexaminer variability of digital rectal examination, in detecting prostate cancer. Urology 45:70-74, 1995.
PubMed
90) Gerber GS, Thompson IM, Thisted R, et al:Disease-specific survival following routine prostate cancer screening by digital rectal examination. JAMA 269:61-64, 1993.
PubMed
91) 今井強一, 山中英寿:Screening examination for prostate cancer. Early detection and mass screening. 日泌尿会誌84 (7) :1175-1187, 1993.
 
92) Flanigan RC, Catalona WJ, Richie Jp, et al:Accuracy of digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography in localizing prostate cancer. J. Urol. 152:1506-1509, 1994.
PubMed
93) Matthews GJ, Fracchia JA:PSA-detected prostate cancer:contrasts with palpable disease. J. Surg. Oncol. 59:28-30, 1995.
 
94) Ohori M, Wheeler TM, Greene DR, Scardino PT:Comparison of the pathologic features and DNA ploidy value of prostate cancers detectable by sonography and by palpation. Prostate 23:271-281, 1993.
PubMed
95) Perrin P, Maquet JH, Bringeon G, et al:Screening for prostate cancer. Comparison of transrectal ultrasound, prostate specific antigen and rectal examination. Br. J. Urol. 68:263-265, 1991.
PubMed
96) Gustafsson O, Norming U, Almgard LE, et al:Diagnostic methods in the detection of prostate cancer:a study of a randomly selected population of 2, 400 men. J. Urol. 148:1827-1831, 1992.
 
97) 渡辺 泱:経直腸的超音波断層法の開発と応用. 日泌尿会誌65:613-632, 1974.
 
98) Shinohara K, Wheeler TM, Scardino PT:The appearance of prostate cancer on transrectal ultrasonography:correlation of imaging and pathological examinations. J. Urol. 142:76-82, 1989.
PubMed
99) Villers A, Terris MK, McNeal JE, et al:Ultrasound anatomy of the prostate:the normal gland and anatomical variations. J. Urol. 143:732-738, 1990.
PubMed
100) Ferguson JK, Bostwick DG, Suman V, et al:Prostate-specific antigen detected prostate cancer:pathological characteristics of ultrasound visible versus ultrasound invisible tumors. Eur. Urol. 27:8-12, 1995.
PubMed
101) Andriole GL, Coplen DE, Mikkelsen DJ, et al:Sonographic and pathological staging of patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. J. Urol. 142:1259-1261, 1989.
PubMed
102) Carter HB, Brem RF, Tempany CM, et al:Nonpalpable prostate cancer:detection with MR imaging. Radiology. 178:523-525, 1991.
PubMed
103) Engeler CE, Wasserman NF, Zhang G:Preoperative assessment of prostatic carcinoma by computerized tomography. Weaknesses and new perspectives. Urology 40:346-350, 1992.
PubMed
104) Schnall MD, Lenkinski RE, Pollack HM, et al:Prostate:MR imaging with an endorectal surface coil. Radiology 172:570-574, 1989.
PubMed
105) Saitoh H, Hida M, Shimbo T, et al:Metastatic patterns of prostatic cancer. Correlation between sites and numer of organs involved. Cancer 54:3078-3084, 1984.
 
106) Narayan P, Fournier G, Gajendran V, et al:Utility of preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen concentration and biopsy Gleason score in predicting risk of pelvic lymph node metastases in prostate cancer. Urology 44:519-524, 1994.
PubMed
107) Levran Z, Gonzalez JA, Diokno AC, et al:Are pelvic computed tomography, bone scan and pelvic lymphadenectomy necessary in the staging of prostatic cancer?. Br. J. Urol. 75:778-781, 1995
PubMed
108) Vijayakumar V, Vijayakumar S, Quadri SF, et al:Can prostate-specific antigen levels predict bone scan evidence of metastases in newly diagnosed prostate cancer?. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 17:432-436, 1994.
PubMed
109) Grossman IC, Carpiniello V, Greenberg SH, et al:Staging pelvic lymphadenectomy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate review of 91 cases. J. Urol. 124:632-634, 1980.
 
110) Smith JA Jr, Seaman Jp, Gleidman JB, et al:Pelvic lymph node metastasis from prostatic cancer:influence of tumor grade and stage in 452 consecutive patients. J. Urol. 130:290-292, 1983.
PubMed
111) Petros JA, Catalona WJ:Lower incidence of unsuspected lymph node metastases in 521 consecutive patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. J. Urol 147:1574-1575, 1992.
PubMed
112) 冨田京一, 鳶巣賢一, 庭川 要・他:前立腺癌根治症例におけるリンパ節転移と予後. 日泌尿会誌 86 (8) :1322-1327, 1995.
 
113) Rosen MA, Goldstone L, Lapin S, et al:Frequency and location of extracapsular extention and positive surgical margins in radical prostatectomy specimens. J. Urol. 148:331-337, 1992.
 
114) Irwin MB, Trapasso JG:Identification of insignificant prostate cancers:analysis of preoperative parameters. Urology 44:862-867, 1994.
PubMed
115) Dietrick DD, McNeal JE, Stamey TA:Core cancer length in ultrasound-guided systematic sextant biopsies:a preoperative evaluation of prostate cancer volume. Urology 45:987-992, 1995.
PubMed
116) Cupp MR, Bostwick DG, Myers RP, et al:The volume of prostate cancer in the biopsy specimen cannot reliably predict the quantity of cancer in the radical prostatectomy specimen on an individual basis. J. Urol. 153:1543-1548, 1995.
 
117) Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, et al:Detection of organ-confined prostate cancer is increased through prostate-specific antigen-based screening. JAMA 270:948-954, 1993.
PubMed
118) Smith DS, Catalona WJ:The nature of prostate cancer detected through prostate specific antigen based screening. J. Urol. 152:1732-1736, 1994.
PubMed
119) Huggins C, Hodges CV:Studies on Prostate Cancer. I. The effect of castration, of estrogen and of androgen injection on serum phosphatases in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Cancer Res. 1:293-297, 1941.
 
120) Murphy GP:Hormonal therapies in prostatic cancer. Urol. Int. 43 (Suppl. 1) :24-28, 1988.
 
121) Van de Voorde WM, Elgamal AA, Van Poppel HP, et al:Morphologic and immunohistochemical changes in prostate cancer after preoperative hormonal therapy. A comparative study of radical prostatectomies. Cancer 74:3164-3175, 1994.
PubMed
122) Cox LR, Crawford DE:Estrogens in the treatment of prostate cancer. J. Urol. 154:1991-1998, 1995.
 
123) Kadohama M, Kirdani RY, Madajewicz S, et al:Estramustine. Metabolic pattern and possible mechanisms for its action in prostate cancer. N Y State J. Med. 79:1005-1009, 1979.
 
124) McLeod DG:Antiandrogenic drugs. Cancer 71 (3 Suppl) :1046-1049, 1993.
 
125) Sartor O, Cooper M, Weinberger M, et al:Surprising activity of flutamide withdrawal, when combined with aminoglutethimide, in treatment of "hormone-refractory" prostate cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:222-227, 1994.
PubMed
126) Nieh PT:Withdrawal phenomenon with the antiandrogen casodex. J. Urol. 153:1070-1072, 1995.
PubMed
127) Scher HI, Kelly WK:Flutamide withdrawal syndrome:its impact on clinical trials in hormone-refractory prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1566-1572, 1993.
PubMed
128) Kelly WK, Scher HI:Prostate specific antigen decline after antiandrogen withdrawal:the flutamide withdrawal syndrome. J. Urol. 149:607-609, 1993.
PubMed
129) Huben RP:Hormone therapy of prostatic bone metastases. Adv. Experiment Med. & Biol. 324:305-316, 1992.
 
130) Guess HA, Gormley GJ, Stoner E, et al:The effect of finasteride on prostate specific antigen:review of available data. J. Urol. 155:3-9, 1996.
 
131) Crawford ED, Eisenberger MA, Mcleod DG, et al:A controlled trial of leuprolide with and without flutamide in prostatic carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 321:419-424, 1989.
PubMed
132) McLeod DG, Crawford ED, Blumenstein BA, et al:Controversies in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. Cancer 70 (1 Suppl) :324-328, 1992.
 
133) Debruyne FM, Witjes WP:Overview of current status of total androgen deprivation in metastasized prostate cancer. Eur. Urol. 24 (Suppl. 2) :67-71, 1993.
 
134) Dijkman GA, Fernandez del Moral P, Debruyne FM, et al:Improved subjective responses to orchiectomy plus nilutamide (anandron) in comparison to orchiectomy plus placebo in metastatic prostate cancer. International Anandron Study Group. Eur. Urol. 27:196-201, 1995.
 
135) 斉藤 泰:2. 内分泌療法 b) 去勢術・エストロゲン剤・アンチアンドロゲン剤療法 (内分泌療法の効果と限界) . 前立腺癌診療マニュアル (前立腺研究財団編) , 金原出版, 東京, 1995, pp. 334-349.
 
136) Walsh PC:Radical retropubic prostatectomy. in Campbell's Urology 6 th ed. /edited by Walsh PC. et al, Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 2865-2886.
 
137) Paulson DF:Perineal prostatectomy. in Campbell's Urology 6 th ed. /edited by Walsh PC. et al, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1992, pp. 2887-2899.
 
138) Carlin BI, Resnick MI:Anatomic approach to radical perineal prostatectomy. Urol. Clin. North Am. 22:461-473, 1995.
PubMed
139) Frazier HA, Robertson JE, Paulson DF:Radical prostatectomy:the pros and cons of the perineal versus retropubic approach. J. Urol. 147:888-890, 1992.
PubMed
140) Haab F, Boccon-Gibod L, Delmas V, et al:Perineal versus retropubic radical prostatectomy for T 1, T 2 prostate cancer. Br. J. Urol. 74:626-629, 1994.
 
141) Teichman JM, Reddy PK, Hulbert JC:Laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection, laparoscopically assisted seminal vesicle mobiliazation, and total perineal prostatectomy versus radical retropubic prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Urology 45:823-830, 1995.
PubMed
142) Zincke H, Osterling JE, Blute ML, et al:Long-term (15 years) results after radical prostatectomy for clinically localized (stage T 2 c or lower) prostate cancer. J. Urol. 152:1850-1857, 1994.
PubMed
143) Cisek LJ, Walsh PC:Thromboembolic complications following radical retropubic prostatectomy. Influence of external sequential pneumatic compression devices. Urology 42:406-408, 1993.
PubMed
144) Steiner MS, Morton RA, Walsh PC:Impact of anatomical radical prostatectomy on urinary continence. J. Urol. 145:512-515, 1991.
PubMed
145) Geary ES, Dendinger TE, Freiha FS, et al:Nerve sparing radical prostatectomy:a different view. J. Urol. 154:145-149, 1995.
 
146) Catalona WJ, Dresner SM:Nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy:extraprostatic tumor extention and preservation of erectile function. J. Urol. 134:1149-1151, 1985.
 
147) Stamey TA, Villers AA, McNeal JE, et al:Positive surgical margins at radical prostatectomy:importance of the apical dissection. J. Urol. 143:1166-1173, 1990.
PubMed
148) Bigg SW, Kavoussi LR, Catalona WJ:Role of nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy for clinical stage B 2 prostate cancer. J. Urol. 144:1420-1424, 1990.
 
149) Ohori M, Wheeler TM, Kattan MW, et al:Prognostic significance of positive surgical margins in radical prostatectomy specimens. J. Urol. 154:1818-1824, 1995.
PubMed
150) Zincke H, Bergstralh EJ, Blute ML, et al:Radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer:long-term results of 1, 143 patients from a single institution. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2254-2263, 1994.
PubMed
151) Walsh PC, Partin AW, Epstein JI:Cancer control and quality of life following anatomical radical retropublic prostatectomy:results at 10 years. J. Urol. 152:1831-1836, 1994.
 
152) Catalona WJ, Smith DS:5-year tumor recurrence rates after anatomical radical retropubic prostatectomy for prostate cancer. J. Urol. 152:1837-1842, 1994.
PubMed
153) Paulson DF, Moul JW, Robertson JE, et al:Postoperative radiotherapy of the prostate for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy with positive margins, seminal vesicle involvement and/or penetration through the capsule. J. Urol. 143:1178-1182, 1990.
PubMed
154) Beyer A, Leitenberger A, Altwein JE:Adjuvant hormonal therapy following radical prostatectomy. Eur. Urol. 24 (Suppl 2) :51-56, 1993.
 
155) Morgan WR, Bergstralh EJ, Zincke H:Long-term evaluation of radical prostatectomy as treatment for clinical stage C (T 3) prostate cancer. Urology 41:113-120, 1993.
 
156) Yamada AH, Lieskovsky G, Petrovich Z, et al:Results of radical prostatectomy and adjuvant therapy in the management of locally advanced, clinical stageTC, prostate cancer. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 17:277-285, 1994.
PubMed
157) Freeman JA, Lieskovsky G, Grossfeld G, et al:Adjuvant radiation, chemotherapy, and androgen deprivation therapy for pathologic stage D 1 adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Urology 44:719-725, 1994.
 
158) Lerner SE, Blute ML, Zincke H:Extended experience with radical prostatectomy for clinical stage T 3 prostate cancer:outcome and contemporary morbidity. J. Urol. 154:1447-1452, 1995.
 
159) Soloway MS, Sharifi R, Wajsman Z, et al:Randomized prospective study comparing radical prostatectomy alone versus radical prostatectomy preceded by androgen blockade in clinical stage B 2 (T 2 bNxM 0) prostate cancer. The Lupron Depot Noeadjuvant Prostate Cancer Study Group. J. Urol. 154:424-428, 1995.
 
160) Isaka S, Shimazaki J, Akimoto S, et al:A prospective randomized trial for treating stages B 2 and C prostate cancer:radical surgery or irradiation with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 24:218-223, 1994.
PubMed
161) Maeda O, Meguro N, Saiki S, et al:Preoperative endocrine therapy in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 25:135-139, 1995.
PubMed
162) Soloway MS, Hachiya T, Ruiz HE, et al:Significance of androgen deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy, with special reference to prostate-specific antigen. World J. Urol. 11:221-226, 1993.
PubMed
163) Soloway MS, Hachiya T, Civantos F, et al:Androgen deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy for T 2 b and T 3 prostate cancer. Urology 43 (2 Supple) :52-56, 1994.
 
164) Van Poppel H, De Ridder D, Elgarnal AA, et al:Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy before radical prostatectomy decreases the number of positive surgical margins in stage T 2 prostate cancer:interim results of a prospective randomized trial. The Belgian Uro-Oncological Study Group. J. Urol. 154:429-434, 1995.
 
165) Witjes WP, Horenblas S, Oosterhof GO, et al:Neoadjuvant therapy in prostate cancer-is it of any use?. Eur. Urol. 24:433-437, 1993.
PubMed
166) Aprikian AG, Fair WR, Reuter VE, et al:Experience with neoadjuvant diethylstilboestrol and radical prostatectomy in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer. Br. J. Urol. 74:630-636, 1994.
PubMed
167) Oesterling JE, Andrews PE, Suman VJ, et al:Preoperative androgen deprivation therapy:artificial lowering of serum prostate specific antigen without downstaging the tumor. J. Urol. 149:779-782, 1993.
PubMed
168) Cher ML, Shinohara K, Breslin S, et al:High failure rate associated with long-term follow-up of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation followed by radical prostatectomy for stage C prostatic cancer. Br. J. Urol. 75:771-777, 1995.
 
169) Bastacky SI, Walsh PC, Estein JI:Relationship between perineural tumor invasion on needle biopsy and radical prostatectomy capsular penetration in clinical stage B adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 17:336-341, 1993.
 
170) Catalona WJ, Basler JW:Return of erections and urinary continence following nerve sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy. J. Urol. 150:905-907, 1993.
PubMed
171) Quinlan DM, Epstein JI, Carter BS, et al:Sexual function following radical prostatectomy:influence of preservation of neurovascular bundles. J. Urol. 145:998-1002, 1991.
PubMed
172) Bundrick WS, Culkin DJ, Mata JA, et al:Evaluation of the current incidence of nodal metastasis from prostate cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 52:269-271, 1993.
PubMed
173) Golimbu M, Provet J, Al-Askari S, et al:Radical prostatectomy for stage D 1 prostatecancer. Prognostic variables and results of treatment. Urology 30:427-435, 1987.
 
174) Frazier HA 2 nd, Robertson JE, Paulson DF:Does radical prostatectomy in the presence of positive pelvic lymph nodes enhance survival? World J. Urol. 12:308-312, 1994.
 
175) Fournier GR Jr, Narayan P:Re-evaluation of the need for pelvic lymphadenectomy in low grade prostate cancer. Br. J. Urol. 72:484-488, 1993.
PubMed
176) Ackerman DA, Barry JM, Wicklund RA, et al:Analysis of risk factors associated with prostate cancer extension to the surgical margin and pelvic node metastasis at radical prostatectomy. J. Urol. 150:1845-1850, 1993.
 
177) Bluestein DL, Bostwick DG, Bergstralh EJ:Eliminating the need for bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy in select patients with prostate cancer. J. Urol. 151:1315-1320, 1994.
PubMed
178) Sullivan LD, Rabbani F:Should we reconsider the indications for ileo-obturator node dissection with localized prostate cancer? Br. J. Urol. 75:33-37, 1995.
PubMed
179) Bishoff JT, Reyes A, Thompson IM, et al:Pelvic lymphadenectomy can be omitted in selected patients with carcinoma of the prostate:development of a system of patient selection. Urology 45:270-274, 1995.
PubMed
180) Mclaughlin AP, Saltzstein SL, Mccullough DL, et al:Prostatic carcinoma:Incidence and location of unsuspected lymphatic metastasis. J. Urol. 115:89-94, 1976.
PubMed
181) Schoborg TW:Laparoscopic staging of prostatic carcinoma. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 10:422-430, 1994.
PubMed
182) Kerbl K, Clayman RV, Petros JA, et al:Staging Pelvic lymphadenectomy for prostate cancer:a comparison of laparoscopic and open techniques. J. Urol. 150:396-399, 1993.
PubMed
183) Parra RO, Boullier JA, Rauscher JA, et al:The value of laparoscopic lymphadenectomy in conjunction with radical perineal or retropubic prostatectomy. J. Urol. 151:1599-1602, 1994.
PubMed
184) Campbell SC, Klein EA, Levin HS, et al:Open pelvic lymph node dissection for prostate cancer:areassessment. Urology 46:352-355, 1995.
 
185) Steiner MS, Marshall FF:Mini-laparotomy staging pelvic lymphadenectomy (minilap) . Alternative to standard and laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy. Urology 41:201-206, 1993.
PubMed
186) Greskovich FJ, Zagars GK, Sherman NE, et al:Complications following external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer:an analysis of patients treated with and without staging pelvic lymphadenectomy. J. Urol. 146:798-802, 1991.
PubMed
187) Jonler M, Ritter MA, Brinkmann R, et al:Sequelae of definitive radiation therapy for prostate cancer localized to the pelvis. Urology 44:876-882, 1994.
 
188) Helgason AR, Fredrikson M, Adolfsson J, et al:Decreased sexual capacity after external radiation therapy for prostate cancer impairs quality of life. Int . J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 32:33-39, 1995.
PubMed
189) Cho KH, Lee CK, Levitt SH:Proctitis after conventional external radiation therapy for prostate cancer:importance of minimizing posterior rectal dose. Radiology 195:699-703, 1995.
PubMed
190) Hanks GE, Hanlon A, Owen JB, et al:Patterns of radiation treatment of elderly patients with prostate cancer. Cancer 74 (7 Suppl) :2174-2177, 1994.
 
191) Geist RW:Reference range for prostate-specific antigen levels after external beam radiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Urology 45:1016-1021, 1995.
PubMed
192) Kavadi VS, Zagars GK, Pollack A:Serum prostate-specific antigen after radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer:prognostic implications. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 30:279-287, 1994.
PubMed
193) Zelefsky MJ, Leibel SA, Wallner KE, et al:Significance of normal serum prostate-specific antigen in the follow-up period after definitive radiation therapy for prostatic cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:459-463, 1995.
PubMed
194) Hanks GE, Perez CA, Kozar M, et al:PSA confirmation of cure at 10 years of T1B, T2. N0, M0 prostate cancer patients treated in RTOG protocol 7706 with external beam irradiation. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 30:289-292, 1994.
PubMed
195) Bagshaw MA, Cox RS, Hancock SL:Control of prostate cancer with radiotherapy:longterm results. J. Urol. 152:1781-1785, 1994.
PubMed
196) Hanks GE, Hanlon A, Schultheiss T, et al:Early prostate cancer:the national results of radiation treatment from the Patterns of Care and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group studies with prospects for improvement with conformal radiation and adjuvant androgen deprivation. J. Urol. 152:1775-1780, 1994.
PubMed
197) Zietman AL, Coen JJ, Shipley WU, et al:Radical radiation therapy in the management of prostatic adenocarcinoma:the initial prostate specific antigen value as a predictor of treatment outcome. J. Urol. 151:640-645, 1994.
PubMed
198) Rosenzweig KE, Morgan WR, Lytton B, et al:Prostate specific antigen following radiotherapy for local prostate cancer. J. Urol. 153:1561-1564, 1995.
PubMed
199) Akakura K, Akimoto S, Ohki T, et al:Radiation therapy for prostate cancer confined to pelvis. Int. J. Urol. 1:268-272, 1994.
PubMed
200) Zietman AL, Coen JJ, Dallow KC, et al:The treatment of prostate cancer by conventional radiation therapy:an analysis of long-term outcome. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol Phys. 32:287-292, 1995
PubMed
201) Zagars GK, Ayala AG, von Eschenbach AC, et al:The prognostic importance of Gleason grade in prostatic adenocarcinoma:a long-term follow-up study of 648 patients treated with radiation therapy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 31:237-245, 1995.
PubMed
202) Centeno BA, Zietman AL, Shipley WU, et al:Flow cytometric analysis of DNA ploidy, percent S-phase fraction, and total proliferative fraction as prognostic indicators of local control and survival following radiation therapy for prostate carcinoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 30:309-315, 1994.
 
203) Zagars GK, Pollack A, Kavadi VS, et al:Prostate-specific antigen and radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 32:293-306, 1995.
PubMed
204) Crook JM, Perry GA, Robertson S, et al:Routine prostate biopsies following radiotherapy for prostate cancer:results for 226 patients. Urology 45:624-631, 1995.
PubMed
205) Freiha FS, Bagshaw MA:Carcinoma of the prostate:results of post-irradiation biopsy. Prostate 5:19-25, 1984.
 
206) Kabalin JN, Hodge KK, McNeal JE, et al:Identification of residual cancer in the prostate following radiation therapy:role of transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy and prostate specific antigen. J. Urol. 142:326-331, 1989.
PubMed
207) Zagars GK, Pollack A, von Eschenbach AC:Prostate cancer and radiation therapy-the message conveyed by serum prostate-specific antigen. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 33:23-35, 1995.
PubMed
208) Gottesman JE, Tesh DG, Weissman WD:Failure of open radioactive 125 iodine implantation to control localized prostate cancer:a study of 41 patients. J. Urol. 146:1317-1320, 1991.
 
209) Khan K, Thompson W, Bush S, et al:Transperineal percutaneous iridium-192 interstitial template implant of the prostate:results and complications in 321 patients. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 22:935-939, 1992.
PubMed
210) Bagshaw MA, Kaplan ID, Cox RC:Prostate cancer. Radiation therapy for localized disease. Cancer 71 (3 Suppl) :939-952, 1993.
 
211) Lannon SG, el-Araby AA, Joseph PK, et al:Long-term results of combined interstitial gold seed implantation plus external beam irradiation in localized carcinoma of the prostate. Br. J. Urol. 72:782-791, 1993.
PubMed
212) Russell KJ, Caplan RJ, Laramore GE, et al:Photon versus fast neutron external beam radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer:results of a randomized prospective trial. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 28:47-54, 1994.
PubMed
213) Stromberg J, Martinez A, Benson R, et al:Improved local control and survival for surgically staged patients with locally advanced prostate cancer treated with up-front low does rate iridium-192 prostate implantation and external beam irradiation. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 28:67-75, 1994.
PubMed
214) Hochstetler JA, Kreder KJ, Brown CK, et al:Survival of patients with localized prostate cancer treated with percutaneous transperineal placement of radioactive gold seeds:stage A2, B, and C. Prostate 26:316-324, 1995.
 
215) Stromberg J, Martinez A, Gonzalez J, et al:Ultrasound-guided high does rate conformal brachytherapy boost in prostate cancer:treatment description and preliminary results of a phase I/II clinical trial. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 33:161-171, 1995
 
216) Haraf DJ, Rubin SJ, Sweeney P, et al:Photon neutron mixed-beam radiotherapy of locally advanced prostate cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 33:3-14, 1995.
PubMed
217) Woznialk AJ, Blumenstein BA, Crawford ED, et al:Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. A Southwest Oncology Group study. Cancer 71:3975-3978, 1993.
 
218) Mahjoubi M, Azab M, Ghosn M, et al:Phase II trial of ifosfamide in the treatment of metastatic hormone-refractory patients with prostatic cancer. Cancer Invest. 8:477-481, 1990.
PubMed
219) Straus MJ, Fleit JP, Engelking C:Treatment of advanced prostate cancer with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and methotrexate. Cancer Treat. Rep. 66:1797-1802, 1982.
PubMed
220) Canobbio L, Guarneri D, Miglietta L, et al:Carboplatin in advanced hormone refractory prostatic cancer patients. Eur. J. Cancer 29A:2094-2096, 1993.
PubMed
221) Hussain MH, Pienta KJ, Redman BG, et al:Oral etoposide in the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancer. Cancer 74:100-103, 1994.
PubMed
222) Roth BJ, Yeap BY, Wilding G, et al:Taxol in advanced, hormone-refractory carcinoma of the prostate. A Phase II trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Cancer 72:2457-2460, 1993.
PubMed
223) Jodrell DI, Reyno LM, Sridhara R, et al:Suramin:development of a population pharmacokinetic model and its use with intermittent short infusions to control plasma drug concentration in patients with prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:166-175, 1994.
PubMed
224) Eisenberger MA, Sinibaldi VJ, Reyno LM, et al:Phase I and clinical evaluation of a pharmacologically guided regimen of suramin in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:2174-2186, 1995.
PubMed
225) Reyno LM, Egorin MJ, Eisenberger MA, et al:Development and validation of a pharmacokinetically based fixed dosing scheme for suramin. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:2187-2195, 1995.
PubMed
226) Kobayashi K, Vokes EE, Vogelzang NJ, et al:Phase I study of suramin given by intermittent infusion without adaptive control in patients with advanced cancer. J Clin. Oncol. 13:2196-2207, 1995.
 
227) Kubota Y, Nakada T, Imai K, et al:Chemo-endocrine therapy in patients with stage D 2 prostate cancer. Prostate 26:50-54, 1995.
 
228) Servadio C, Mukamel E, Nussbaum B:Fifteen years' experience of combined hormone/chemotherapy in metastatic prostate cancer. Urology 39:274-276, 1992.
PubMed
229) Pienta KJ, Redman B, Hussain M, et al:Phase II evaluation of oral estramustine and oral etoposide in hormone-refractory adenocarcinoma of the prostate. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2005-2012, 1994.
PubMed
230) Murphy GP, Huben RP, Priore R:Results of another trial of chemotherapy with and without hormones in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer. Urology 28:36-40, 1986.
PubMed
231) Osborne CK, Blumenstein B, Crawford ED, et al:Combined versus sequential chemo-endocrine theraphy in advanced prostate cancer:final results of a randomized Southwest Oncology Group study. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1675-1682, 1990.
 
232) Austenfeld MS:Treatment of stage A1 prostate cancer:the case for observation. Semin. Urol. 11:58-63, 1993.
PubMed
233) Rossignol G, Leandri P, Ramon J, et al:Radical prostatectomy in the management of stage Acarcinoma of the prostate. Eur. Urol. 21:269-273, 1992.
 
234) Matzkin H, Patel JP, Altwein JE, et al:Stage T1A carcinoma of prostate. Urology 43:11-21, 1994.
PubMed
235) Epstein JI, Walsh PC, Brendler CB:Radical prostatectomy for impalapable prostate cancer:the Johns Hopkins experience with tumors found on transurethral resection (stage T1A and T1B) and on needle biopsy (stage T1C) . J. Urol. 152:1721-1729, 1994.
 
236) Stormont TJ, Farrow GM, Myers RP, et al:Clinical Stage BO or T1c prostate cancer:nonpalpable disease identified by elevated serum prostate-specific antigen concentration. Urology 41:3-8, 1993.
PubMed
237) Jones GW:Prospective, conservative management of localized prostate cancer. Cancer 70 (1 Suppl) :307-310, 1992.
 
238) Fleming C, Wasson JH, Albertsen PC, et al:A decision analysis of alternative treatment strategies for clinically localized prostate cancer. Prostate Patient Outcomes Reserch Team . JAMA 269:2650-2658, 1993.
 
239) Johansson JE:Expectant management of early stage prostatic cancer:Swedish experience. J. Urol. 152:1753-1756, 1994.
PubMed
240) Chodak GW, Thisted RA, Gerber GS, et al:Results of conservative management of clinically localized prostate cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 330:242-248, 1994.
PubMed
241) Johansson JE, Adami HO, Andersson SO, et al:High 10-year survival rate in patients with early, untreated prostatic cancer. JAMA 267:2191-2196, 1992.
PubMed
242) Johansson JE:Result of conservative management of clinically localized prostate cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 330:242-248, 1994.
PubMed
243) Beck JR, Kattan MW, Miles BJ:Acritique of the decision analysis for clinically localized prostate cancer. J. Urol. 152:1894-1899, 1994.
 
244) Chodak GW:The role of watchful waiting in the management of localized prostate cancer. J. Urol. 152:1766-1768, 1994.
PubMed
245) Middleton RG, Thompson IM, Austenfeld MS, et al:Prostate cancer clinical guidelines panel summary report on the management of clinically localized prostate cancer. J. Urol. 154:2144-2148, 1995
PubMed
246) Fleming C, Wasson JH, Albertsen PC, et al:A decision analysis of alternative treatment strategies for clinically localized prostate cancer. Prostate Patient Outcome Reserch Team. JAMA 269:2650-2658, 1993.
 
247) Wilt TJ, Brawer MK:The Prostate Cancer Intervention Versus Observation Trial:a randomized trial comparing radical prostatectomy versus expectant management for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer. J. Urol. 152:1910-1914, 1994.
 
248) Lerner SP, Seale-Hawkins C, Carlton CE Jr, et al:The risk of dying of prostate cancer in patients with clinically localized disease. J. Urol. 146:1040-1045, 1991.
 
249) Studer UE:Radical prostatectomy or deferred treatment?. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 11:46-49, 1995.
 
250) Pilepich MV, Bagshaw MA, Asbell SO, et al:Definitive radiotherapy in resectable (stage A2 and B) carcinoma of the prostate-results of a nationwide overview. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 13:659-663, 1987.
 
251) Jones GW:Prospective, conservative management of localized prostate cancer. Cancer 70 (1 Suppl) :307-310, 1992.
 
252) Coleman CN, Beard CJ, Kantoff PW, et al:Rate of relapse following treatment for localized prostate cancer:a critical analysis of retrospective reports. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol Phys. 28:303-313, 1994.
PubMed
253) Adolfsson J:Radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy or deferred treatment for localized prostate cancer?. Cancer Surveys 23:141-148, 1995.
 
254) Fowler JE Jr, Braswell NT, Pandey P, et al:Experience with radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. J. Urol. 153:1026-1031, 1995.
 
255) Lim AJ, Brandon AH, Fiedler J, et al:Quality of life:Radical prostatectomy versus radiation therapy for prostate cancer. J. Urol. 154:1420-1425.
PubMed
256) Byer DP:The Veterans Administration Cooperative Urological Reserch Groups study of Cancer of the prostate. Cancer 32:1126-1130, 1973.
 
257) Paulson DF, Cline WA Jr, Koefoot RB Jr, et al:Extended field radiation therapy versus delayed hormonal therapy in node positive prostatic adenocarcinoma. J Urol. 127:935-937, 1982.
PubMed
258) Davidson PJT, Hop W, Kurth KH, et al:European Organization for Research and Treatmentof Cancer Genitourinary Group:Progression in untreated carcinoma of the prostate metastatic to regional lymph nodes (stage T0 to 4, N1 to 3, M0, D1) . J. Urol 154:2118-2122, 1995.
 
259) Bagshaw MA:Radiotherapeutic treatment of prostatic carcinoma with pelvic node involvement. Urol. Clin. North Am. 11:297-304, 1984.
PubMed
260) Smith JA Jr, Haynes TH, Middleton RG:Impact of external irradiation on local symptoms and survival free of disease in patients with pelvic lymph node metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the prostate. J. Urol. 131:705-707, 1984.
PubMed
261) Zagars GK, Sands ME, Pollack A, et al:Early androgen ablation for stage D1 (N1 to N3, M0) prostate cancer:prognostic variables and outcome. J. Urol 151:1330-1333, 1994.
PubMed
262) Cheng CW, Bergstralh EJ, Zincke H:Stage D1 prostate cancer. A nonrandomized comparison of conservative treatment options versus radical prostatectomy. Cancer 71 (3 Suppl) :996-1004, 1993.
 
263) Golimbu M, Provet J, A1-Askari S, et al:Radical prostatectomy for stage D1 prostate cancer. Prognostic variables and results of treatment. Urology 30:427-435, 1987.
 
264) Sgrignoli AR, Walsh PC, Steinberg GD, et al:Prognostic factors in men with stage D1 prostate cancer:identification of patients less likely to have prolonged survival after radical prostatectomy. J. Urol. 152:1077-1081, 1994.
PubMed
265) Steinberg GD, Estein JI, Piantadosi S, et al:Management of stage D1 adenocarcinoma of the prostate:the Johns Hopkins experience 1974 to 1987. J. Urol. 144:1425-1432, 1990.
 
266) Whittington R, Malkowicz B, Barnes MM, et al:Combined hormonal and radiation therapy for lymph node-positive prostate cancer. Urology 46:213-219, 1995.
PubMed
267) Frohmuller HG, Theiss M, Manseck A, et al:Survival and quality of life of patients with stage D1 (T1-3 pN 1-2 M0) prostate cancer. Radical prostatectomy plus androgen deprivation versus androgen deprivation alone. Eur. Urol. 27:202-206, 1995.
 
268) Zincke H, Utz DC:Observation on surgical management of carcinoma of prostate with limited nodal metastases. Urology 24:137-145, 1984.
PubMed
269) deKernion JB, Neuwirth H, Stein A, et al:Prognosis of patients with stage D1 prostate carcinoma following radical prostatectomy with and without early endocrine therapy. J. Urol. 144:700-703, 1990.
PubMed
270) Myers RP, Larson Keller JJ, Bergstralh EJ, et al:Hormonal treatment at time of radical retropubic prostatectomy for stage D1 prostate cancer:results of long-term followup. J. Urol. 147:910-915, 1992.
PubMed
271) Soloway MS, Hardeman SW, Hickey D, et al:Stratification of patients with metastatic prostate cancer based on extent of disease on initial bone scan. Cancer 61:195-202, 1988.
PubMed
272) Herr HW, Kornblith AB, Ofman U:A comparison of the quality of life of patients with metastatic prostate cancer who received or did not receive hormonal therapy. Cancer 71 (3 Suppl) :1143-1150, 1993.
PubMed
273) Labrie F, Dupont A, Cusan L, et al:Major advantages of "early" administration of endocrine combination therapy in advanced prostate cancer. Clin. Invest. Med. 16:493-498, 1993.
PubMed
274) da Silva FC:Quality of life in prostatic cancer patients. Cancer 72 (12 Suppl) :3803-3806, 1993.
 
275) Cassileth BR, Solowy MS, Vogelzang NJ, et al:Patients' choice of treatment in stage D prostate cancer. Urology 33 (5 Suppl) :57-62, 1989.
 
276) Droz Jp, Kattan J, Bonnay M, et al:High-dose continuous-infusion fosfestrol in hormoneresistant prostate cancer. Cancer 71 (3 Suppl) :1123-1130, 1993.
 
277) Droz Jp, De Smedt E, Kattan J, et al:Phase I trial of high-dose fosfestrol in hormonerefractory adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Prostate 24:62-66, 1994.
PubMed
278) Bissada NK, Kaczmarek AT:Complete remission of hormone refractory adenocarcinoma of the prostate in response to withdrawal of diethylstilbestrol. J. Urol. 153:1944-1945, 1995.
PubMed
279) Villavicencio H:Quality of life of patients with advanced and metastatic prostatic carcinoma. Eur. Urol. 24 (Suppl 2) :118-121, 1993.
 
280) World Health Organization:Cancer pain relief and palliative care. Technical Report Series No. 804, WHO, Geneva, 1990.
 
281) Crawford ED, Kozlowski JM, Debruyne FM, et al:The use of strontium 89 for palliation of pain from bone metastases associated with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Urology 44:481-485, 1994.
PubMed

35. 精巣腫瘍

P.798 掲載の参考文献
1) 大野良之, 久保奈佳子, 石黒啓生:睾丸腫瘍の疫学特性-日本と世界-. 卵巣腫瘍, 睾丸腫瘍 (末桝恵一, 加藤 俊, 吉田 修編) メジカルビュー社, 東京, 1988, pp. 118-127.
 
2) 小川 修, 吉田 修:肉眼診断の基本. 取り扱い規約に沿った腫瘍鑑別診断アトラス<睾丸> (藍沢 茂雄, 森永正二郎編) 第一版, 光文堂, 東京, 1992, pp. 6-13.
 
3) Schotennfield D, Warshauer ME, Scherlock S, et al:The epidemiology of testicular cancer in young adults. Am. J. Epidemiol. 112:232-246, 1980.
 
4) Forman D, Oliver RTD, Grett AR, et al:Familial testicular cancer:a report of the UK family register, estimation of risk and an HLA class I sib-pair analysis. Br. J. Cancer 65:255-262, 1992.
 
5) Yoshida O, Habuchi T, Ogawa O:Recent advances in molecular genetics of urogenital tumors. Int. J. Urol. 1:1-16, 1994.
PubMed
6) Mostofi FK, Spaander P, Grigor K, et al:Consensus on pathological classifications of testicular tumors. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 357:267-276, 1990.
PubMed
7) 手島伸一:卵黄嚢腫瘍. 取り扱い規約に沿った腫瘍鑑別診断アトラス<睾丸> (藍沢茂雄, 森永正二郎編) 第一版, 光文堂, 東京, 1992, pp. 42-50.
 
8) 笹野伸昭, 藍沢茂雄, 畠山 茂・他:睾丸腫瘍取り扱い規約 (日本泌尿器科学会, 日本病理学会編) 第一版, 金原出版, 東京, 1984.
 
9) Javadpour N, Young JD Jr:Prognostic factors in nonseminomatous testicular cancer. J. Urol. 135:497-499, 1986.
PubMed
10) Droz JP, Kramar A, Ghosn M, et al:Prognostic factors in advanced nonseminomatous testicular cancer. Cancer 62:564-568, 1988.
PubMed
11) Mead GM, Stenning SP, Parkinson MC, et al:The second medical research council study of prognostic factors in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:85-94, 1992.
PubMed
12) Oliver RTD:Long term follow-up of single agent cisplatin in metastatic seminoma and surveillance for stage I seminoma. ASCO 7:120, #463 (ABSTR) , 1988.
 
13) Oliver RTD, Lore S, Ong J:Alternatives to radiotherapy in the management of seminoma. Br. J. Urol. 65:61-67, 1990.
 
14) Einhorn LH:Radiotherapy in seminoma:More is not better. Int. J. Radiant. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 8:309-310, 1982.
 
15) Ytredal DO, Bradfield JS:Seminoma of the testicle prophylactic mediastinal radiation versus periaortic and pelvic irradiation alone. Cancer 30:628-633, 1972.
 
16) Horwich A, Duchesne G, Dearnaley D, et al:Single agent carboplatin (SAC) as initial therapy for advanced seminoma. ASCO 7:117, #452 (ABSTR) , 1988.
 
17) Motzer R, Bosl G, Heelan R, et al:Residual mass:An indication for further therapy in patients with advanced seminoma followings systemic chemotherapy. J CIin. Oncol. 5:1064-1070, 1987.
 
18) Mostofi FK:Pathology of germ cell tumors of testis:A progress report. Cancer 45:1735-1754, 1980.
 
19) Einhorn LH:Testicular cancer as a model for a curable neoplasm:The Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Foundation Award Lecture. Cancer Res. 41:3275-3280, 1981.
 
20) Johnson DE, Lo RK, von Eschenbach AC, et al:Surveillance alone for patients with clinical stage I non-seminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. J. Urol. 131:491-494, 1984.
 
21) Herr HW, Whitmore WF Jr, Sogani PC, et al:Selection of testicular tumor for omission of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. J. Urol. 135:500-503, 1986.
PubMed
22) Donohue JP:Management of stage I and II nonseminomatous testis cancer. In:Principles and management of urologic cancer. II nd ed., edited by Javadpour, N. Williams&Wilkins, Baltimore, 1983, pp. 303-316.
 
23) Lange PH, Narayan P, Frayley EE:Fertility issues following therapy for testicular cancer. Semin. Urol. 2:264-274, 1984.
 
24) Hoskin P, Dilly S, Easton D, et al:Prognostic factors in stage I non-seminomatous germ cell testicular tumors managed by orchiectomy and surveillance-implications for adjuvant chemo-therapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1031-1036, 1986.
 
25) Bajorin DF, Sarosdy MF, Pfister DG, et al:Randomized trial of etoposide and carboplatin in patients with good-risk germ cell tumors:A multiinstitutional study. J. Clin. Oncol. 11 (4:598-606, 1993.
PubMed
26) Peckham MJ, Hamilton CR, et al:Surveillance after orchiectomy for stage I seminoma of the testis. Br. J. Urol. 59:343-347, 1987.
 
27) Ozols RF, Deisseroth AB, Javadpour N, et al:Treatment of poor prognosis nonseminomatous testicular cancer with a"high-dosis"platinum combination chemotherapy regimen. Cancer 51:1803-1807, 1983.
 
28) Motzer RJ, Gulati SC, Tong WP, et al:Phase I trial with pharmacokinetic analysis of high-dose carboplatin, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide with autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with refractory germ cell tumors. Cancer Res. 53:3730-3735, 1993.
 
29) 杉本浩造, 中川修一, 三神-哉・他:自家末梢血幹細胞移植術併用超大量化学療法を施行した難治性精巣腫瘍の1例. 泌尿紀要 40:155-159, 1994.
 
30) Richie JP:Neoplasms of the testis. In Campbell's urology (edited by Walsh PC, Retik AB, Stamey TA, et al) , 6th Ed, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1992, pp. 1222-1263.
 
31) 吉田 修:泌尿器科腫瘍学 (がん化学療法概説) . ベッドサイド泌尿器科学, 診断・治療編 (吉田 修 編) . 改訂第2版, 南江堂, 東京, 1991, pp. 340-347
 
32) Mallis N, Patton JF:Transperitoneal bilateral lymphadenectomy in testis tumor. J. Urol. 80:501-503, 1958.
PubMed
33) Stehlin JS:Lymphadenectomy via the transperitoneal (anterior abdominal) approach for cancer of the testis. Am. J. Surg. 97:756-765, 1959.
PubMed
34) Donohue Jp, Zachary JM, Maynard BR:Distribution of nodal metastases in nonseminomatous testicular cancer. J. Urol. 128:315-320, 1982.
PubMed
35) Scardino PT:Adjuvant chemotherapy is of value following retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for nonseminomatous testicular tumors. Urol. Clin. North Am. 7:735-740, 1980.
PubMed
36) Williams SD, Stablein DM, Einhorn LH:Immediate adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation with treatment at relapse in pathological stage II testicular cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 317:1433-1438, 1987.
PubMed
37) Logothesis CJ, Samuels ML, Selig DE, et al:Primary chemotherapy followed by selective retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in the management of clinical stage II testicular carcinoma:a preliminary report. J. Urol. 134:1127-1130, 1985.
 
38) Socinski MA, Garnick MB, Stomper PC, et al:Stage II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testisan analysis of treatment options in patients with low volume retroperitoneal disease. J. Urol. 140:1437-1441, 1988.
 
39) 望月幸夫:泌尿器科腫瘍学 (放射線療法概説) . ベッドサイド泌尿器科学, 診断・治療編 (吉田 修 編) . 改訂第2版, 南江堂, 東京, 1991, pp. 351-359.
 

36. 子宮頸がん

P.812 掲載の参考文献
1) 婦人科腫瘍委員会第32回治療年報:日産婦会誌 46:935-1001, 1994.
 
2) 婦人科腫瘍委員会報告:日産婦会誌 47:177-211, 1995.
 
3) DiSaia PJ, Creasman WT:Clinical Gynecologic Oncology, 4th Ed. Mosby-Year Book, St. Louis. 1993.
 
4) Christopherson WM, Parker JE:Relation of cervical cancer to early marriage and child bearing. N. Engl. J. Med. 273:235-239, 1965.
 
5) Rotkin ID:Adolescent coitus and cervical cancer associations of related events with increased risk. Cancer Res. 27:603-617, 1967.
PubMed
6) Keighley E:Carcinoma of the cervix among prostitutes in a womens prison. Bt. J. Verner. Dis. 44:245-255, 1968.
 
7) Barron BA, Richart RM:Statistical model of the natural history of cervical carcinoma. II. Estimates of the transition time from dysplasia to carcinoma in situ. JNCI 45:1025-1030, 1970.
PubMed
8) Kashigarian M, Dunn JE:The duration of intraepithelial and preclinical squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Am. J. Epidemiol. 92:221-222, 1970.
 
9) Cramer DW, Cutler SJ:Incidence and histopathology of malignancies of the female genital organs in the United States. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol 118:443-460, 1974.
PubMed
10) Koss LG, Stewart FW, Foote FW et al:Some histological aspects of behavior of epidermoid carcinoma in sitza and related lesions of the uterine cervix. Cancer 16:1160-1211, 1963.
 
11) Clemmesen J, Poulsen H:Report of the Ministry of the Interior Document 3. Copenhagen. 1971.
 
12) de Villiers EM:Heterogeneity of the human papilloma-virus group. J. Virol. 63:4898-4903, 1989.
 
13) Reeves WC, Brinton LA, Garcia M, et al:Human papilloma virus infection and cervical cancer in Latin America. N. Engl. J. Med. 320:1437-1441, 1989.
PubMed
14) Bosch FX, Manos MM, Munoz N, et al:Prevalence of human papilloma virus in cervical cancer:a worldwide perspective. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87:796-802, 1995.
 
15) Bragg DG, Rubin, Youker JE:Oncologic Imaging. Pergamon Press, New York, 1985.
 
16) Shingleton HM, Gore H, Bradley DH, et al:Adenocarcinoma of the cervix. I. Clinical evaluation and pathologic features. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 139:799-814, 1981.
PubMed
17) Herbst AL, Ulfelder H, Colton T, et al:Age-incidence and risk of diethylstilbestrol-related clear cell adenocarcinomas of the vagina and cervix. Obstet. Gynecol. 12:43-50, 1977.
 
18) 日本産科婦人科学会, 日本病理学会, 日本医学放射線学会:子宮頸癌取り扱い規約. 1987.
 
19) Van Nagell JR, Roddick JW, Lowin DM:The staging of cervical cancer:Inevitable discrepancies between clinical staging and pathological findings. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 110:973-978, 1971.
PubMed
20) Nelson JH, Macasaer MA, Lu T, et al:The incidence and significance of para-aortic lymphnodes metastases in late invasive carcinoma of the cervix. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 128:336-340, 1974.
 
21) Averette HE, Ford JH Jr, Dudan RC, et al:Staging of cervical cancer. Clin. Obstet. Gynecol. 18:215-232, 1975.
PubMed
22) Lagasse LD, Creasman WT, Shingleton HM, et al:Results and complications of operative staging in cervical cancer:Experience of the Gynecologic. Oncology Group. GynecolOncol. 9:90-98, 1980.
PubMed
23) Berman ML, Keys H, Creasman W, et al:Survival and patterns of recurrence in cervical cancer metastatic to periaortic lymph nodes:A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol. Oncol. 19:8-16, 1984
 
24) Podczaski ES, Pllumbo C, Manetta A, et al:Assessment of pretreatment laparotomy in patients with cervical carcinoma prior to radiotherapy. Gynecol. Oncol. 33:71-75, 1989.
 
25) Potish RA, Twiggs LB, Okagaki T, et al:Therapeutic implications of the natural history of advanced cervical cancer as defined by pretreatment surgical staging. Cancer 56:956-960, 1985.
PubMed
26) Stehman F, Bundy B, DiSaia PJ, et al:Carcinoma of the cervix treated with radiation therapy:a multivariate analysis of prognostic variables in the Gynecologic Oncology Group. Cancer 67:2776-2785, 1991.
PubMed
27) Lepanto P, Littman P, Mikuta J, et al:Treatment of para-aortic nodes in carcinoma of the cervix. Cancer 35:1510-1513, 1975.
PubMed
28) Wharton JT, Jones HW III, Day TG Jr, et al:Preirradiation celiotomy and extended field irradiation for invasive carcinoma of the cervix. Obstet. Gynecol. 49:333-338, 1987.
 
29) Berman ML, Lagasse LD, Watring WG, et al:The operative evaluation of patients with cervical carcinoma by an extraperitoneal approach. Obstet. Gynecol. 50:658-664, 1977.
PubMed
30) Weiser EB, Bundy BN, Hoskins WJ, et al:Extraperitoneal versus transperitoneal selective para-aortic lymphadenectomy in the pretreatment surgical staging of advanced cervical carcinoma. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol. Oncol. 33:283-289, 1989.
 
31) Potish RA, Twiggs LB, Prem KA, et al:The impact of extraperitoneal surgical staging on morbidity and tumor recurrence following radiotherapy for cervical carcinoma. Am. J CIin. Oncol. 7:245-251, 1984.
 
32) LaPolla JP, Schlaerth JB, Gaddis O, et al:The influence of surgical staging on evaluation and treatment of patients with cervical carcinoma. Gyneco. Oncol 24:194-206, 1986.
 
33) Bjerre B, et al:Conization as only treatment of carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 125:143-152, 1976.
PubMed
34) Andersen ES, Pedersen B, Nielsen K:Laser conization:The results of treatment of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia. Gynecol Oncol 54:201-204, 1994.
 
35) Kolstad P, Klem V:Long term follow up of 1121 cases of carcinoma-in-situ. Obstet. Gynecol. 48:125-129, 1976
 
36) Creasman WT, Rutledge FN:Carcinoma in sitza of the cervix. Obstet. Gynecol. 3:373-380, 1972.
 
37) Grigsby PW, Perez CA:Radiotherapy alone for medically inoperable carcinoma of the cervix:Stage IA and carcinoma in sitbl. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 21:375-378, 1991.
PubMed
38) Hasumi K, Sakamoto A, Sugano H:Microinvasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Cancer 29:928-931, 1980.
PubMed
39) Kolstad P:Follow-up study of 232 patients with stage IA 1 and 411 stage IA 2 squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (microinvasive carcinoma) . Gynecol. Oncol. 33:265-272, 1989.
 
40) Burghardt E, Girardi F, Lahousen M, et al:Microinvasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix (International Gederation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IA) . Cancer 67:1037-1045, 1991.
PubMed
41) Greer BE, Figge DC, Tamimi HK, et al:Stage IA 2 squamous carcinoma of the cervix:Difficult diagnosis and therapeutic dilemma. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 162:1406-1411, 1990.
 
42) Perez CA:Carcinoma of the uterine cervix. In Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology (eds Perez CA, Brady LW) , 2nd Ed. JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp. 919-965, 1992.
 
43) Perez CA, Kurman RJ, Stehman FB, et al:Uterine Cervix. Ch 27 In Principles and Practice of Clinical Gynecologic Oncology (eds Hoskins WJ, Perez CA, Young RC) , 2nd Ed. JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1992, pp. 591-662.
 
44) Synopsis of Gynecologic Oncology (eds Morrow CP, Curtin JP, Townsend DE) , 4th Ed. Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1993.
 
45) Durrance FY, Fletcher GH, Rutledge FN:Analysis of central recurrent disease in stages I and II squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix on intact uterus. Am. J. Roentgenol. Radium. Ther. Nucl. Med. 106:831-838, 1969.
PubMed
46) Homesley HD, Raben M, Blake DD, et al:Relationship of lesion size to survival in patients with stage IB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri treated by radiation therapy. Surg. Gynecol. Oncol. 150:529-531, 1980.
 
47) Maruyama Y, van Nagell JR, Yoneda J, et al:Dose-response and failure pattern for bulky or barrel-shaped stage IB cervical cancer treated by combined photon irradiation and extrafascial hysterectomy. Cancer 63:70-76, 1989.
PubMed
48) O'Quinn AG, Fletcher GH, Wharton JT:Guidelines for conservative hysterectomy after irradiation. Gynecol. Oncol. 9:68-79, 1980.
PubMed
49) Jacob AJ, Perez CA, Camel HM, et al:Complications in patients receiving both irradiation and radical hysterectomy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Gynecol. Oncol. 22:273-280, 1985.
 
50) Morrow CP, Shingleton HM, Averette HE, et al:Is pelvic radiation beneficial in the postoperative management of stage IB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with pelvic node metastasis treated by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy? A report from the Presidential Panel at the 1979 Annual Meeting of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists. Gynecol. Oncol. 10:105-110, 1980.
 
51) Fuller AF Jr, Elliott N, Kosloff C, et al:Lymphnode metastases from carcinoma of the cervix, Stages IB and IIA:implications for prognosis and treatment. Gynecol. Oncol. 13:165-174, 1982.
 
52) Larson DM, Stringer CA, Copeland LJ, et al:Stage IB cervical carcinoma treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy:role of adjuvant radiotherapy. Obstet. Gynecol. 69:378-381, 1987.
PubMed
53) Kinney WK, Alvarez RD, Reid GC, et al:Value of adjuvant whole-pelvis irradiation after Wertheim hysterectomy for early-stage squamous carcinoma of the cervix with pelvic nodal metastasis:a matched-control study. Gynecol. Oncol. 34:258-262, 1989.
PubMed
54) Sutton GP, Bundy BN, Delgado G, et al:Ovarian metastases in stage IB carcinoma of the cervix:A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 166:50-53, 1992.
 
55) Mann WJ, Chumas J, Amalfitano T, et al:Ovarian metastases from stage IB adenocarcinoma of the cervix. Cancer 60:1123-1126, 1987.
PubMed
56) 相田 浩, 児玉省二, 青木陽一・他:子宮癌における卵巣転移に関する研究 日産婦会誌 44:315-322, 1992.
 
57) Hodel K, Rich WM, Austin P, et al:The role of ovarian transposition in conservation of ovarian function in radical hysterectomy followed by pelvic radiation. Gynecol. Oncol. 13:195-202, 1981.
 
58) Belinson JL, Doherty M, McDay JB:A new technique for ovarian transposition. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 159:157-160, 1984.
PubMed
59) Anderson B, LaPolla J, Turner D, et al:Ovarian transposition in cervical cancer. Gynecol. Oncol. 49:206-214, 1993.
PubMed
60) Fujiwara K, Mohri H, Koike H, et al:Ovarian translocation (OTL) to abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue following hysterectomy:A new technique to retain the ovary with preservation of ovarian blood vessels. Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 45 (supple) :127, 1994.
 
61) Chambers SK, Chambers JT, Kier R, et al:Sequelae of lateral ovarian transposition in irradiated cervical cancer patients. Int. J. Radiat Oncol. Biol. Phys. 20:1305-1308, 1990.
 
62) Montana GS, Fowler WC, Varia MA, et al:Carcinoma of the cervix, stage III:Results of radiation therapy. Cancer 57:148-154, 1986.
PubMed
63) Perez CA, Breaux S, Madoc-Jones H, et al:Radiation therapy alone in the treatment of carcinoma of uterine cervix. I. Analysis of tumor recurrence. Cancer 51:1393-1402, 1983.
PubMed
64) Grigsby PW, Perez CA, Kurske RR, et al:Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix:Lack of evidence for a poor prognosis. Radiother. Oncol. 12:289-296, 1988.
 
65) Cramer C, Deschel RE, Goldberg N, et al:Radiation treatment of FIGO stage IVA carcinoma of the cervix. Gynecol. Oncol. 32:323-326, 1989.
 
66) Millon RR, Rutledge F, Fletcher GH:Stage IV carcinoma of the cervix with bladder invasion. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 113:239-246, 1972.
 
67) Brunschwig A:Complete excision of the pelvic viscera for advanced carcinoma. Cancer 1:177-183, 1948.
PubMed
68) Stanhope CR, Symmonds RE:Palliative exenteration:What, when, and why? Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 152:12-16, 1985.
 
69) Rutledge FN, Smith Jp, Wharton JT, et al:Pelvic exenteration:An analysis of 296 patients. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 129:881-892, 1977.
PubMed
70) Morley GW, Hoskins MP, Lindenauer SM, et al:Pelvic exenteration, University of Michigan:100patients at 5 years. Obstet. Gynecol. 74:934-943, 1989.
 
71) Shingleton HM, Soong SJ, Gelder MS, et al:Clinical and histopathologic factors predicting recurrence and survival after pelvic exenteration for cancer of the cervix. Obstet. Gynecol. 73:1027-1034, 1989.
PubMed
72) Lawhead RA Jr, Clark DGC, Smith DH, et al:Pelvic exenteration for recurrent or persistent gynecologic malignancies:A 10-year review of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center experience (1972-1981) . Gynecol Oncol. 33:279-282, 1989.
PubMed
73) Orr JW, Shingleton HM, Hatch KD, et al:Urinary diversion in patients undergoing pelvic exenteration. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 142:883-889, 1983.
 
74) Schlesinger RE, Berman ML, Ballon SC, et al:The choice of an interstinal segment for a urinary conduit. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 148:45-48, 1979.
 
75) Artman LE, Hoskins WS, Bibro MC, et al:Radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy for stage IB carcinoma of the cervix:Twenty-one years' experience. Gynecol. Oncol. 28:8-13, 1987.
 
76) Lee Y-N, Wang KL, Lin M-H, et al:Radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection for treatment of cervical cancer:A clinical review of 954 casea. Gynecol. Oncol. 32:135-142, 1989.
 
77) Monaghan JM, Ireland D, Mor-Yosf S, et al:Role of centralization of surgery in stage IB carcinoma of the cervix:a review of 498 cases. Gynecol. Oncol. 37:206-209, 1990.
 
78) Photopulos GJ, Zwaag RV:Class II radical hysterectomy shows less morbidity and good treatment efficacy compared to class III. Gynecol. Oncol. 40:21-241991.
PubMed
79) Carenza L, Nobili F, Giacobini S:Voiding disorders after radical hysterectomy. Gynecol. Oncol. 13:213-219, 1982.
PubMed
80) Forney JP:The effect of radical hysterectomy on bladder physiology. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 138:374-382, 1980.
PubMed
81) Bonomi P, Blesing J, Ball H, et al:A phase II evaluation of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol. Oncol. 34:357-359, 1898.
 
82) Meanwell CA, Kelly KA, Wilson S, et al:Young age as a prognostic factor in cervical cancer:Analysis of population based data from 10, 022 cases. Br. Med. J. 296:386-391, 1988.
 
83) Randall ME, Constable WC, Hahn SS, et al:Results of the radiotherapeutic management of carcinoma of the cervix with emphasis on the influence of histologic classification. Cancer 62:48-53, 1988.
PubMed
84) Gautheir P, Gore I, Shingleton HM, et al:Identification of histopathologic risk groups in stage IB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Obstet. Gynecol. 66:569-574, 1985.
 
85) Prempree T, Patanaphan V, Sewchand W, et al:The influence of patient's age and tumor grade on the prognosis of carcinoma of the cervix. Cancer 51:1764-1771, 1983.
 
86) Inoue T, Okumura M:Prognostic significance of parametrial extension in patients with cervical carcinoma stages IB, IIA, and IIB:a study of 628 cases treated by radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy with or without postoperative irradiation. Cancer 54:1714-1719, 1984.
PubMed
87) Boyce JG, Fruchter RG, Nicastri AD, et al:Vascular invasion in stage I carcinoma of the cervix. Cancer 53:1175-1180, 1984.
 
88) Crissman JD, Makuch R, Budhraja M:Histopathologic grading of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Cancer 55:1590-1596, 1985.
PubMed
89) Delgado G, Bundy B, Zaino R, et al:Prospective surgical pathological study of disease-free interval in patients with stage IB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol. Oncol. 38:352-357, 1990.
 
90) Lohe KJ, Purghardt E, Hillemanns HG, et al:Early squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. II. Clinical results of a cooperative study in the management of 419 patients with early stromal invasion and microcarcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 6:31-50, 1978.
 
91) Zander J, Baltzer J, Kohe KJ, et al:Carcinoma of the cervix:an attempt to individualize treatment. Results of a 20-year cooperative study. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 13:752-759, 1981.
 
92) Baltzer J, Lohe KJ, Kopche W, et al:Histologic criteria for the prognosis in patients with operated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Gynecol. Oncol. 13:184-194, 1982.
 
93) Baltzer J, Kopcke W, Lohe KJ, et al:Age and five-year survival rate in patients with operated carcinoma of the cervix. Gynecol. Oncol 14:220-224, 1982.
 
94) Hacker NF, Berek JS, Lafasse LD, et al:Carcinoma of the cervix associated with pregnancy. Obstet. Gynecol. 59:735-747, 1982.
 
95) Mikuta JH, Enterline HT, Braun TE Jr:Carcinoma in situ of the cervix associated with pregnancy. JAMA 204:763-766, 1968.
 
96) Lee RB, Neglia W, Park RC:Cervical carcinoma in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 53:584-589, 1981.
 
P.826 掲載の参考文献
1) Bokhman JV:Two pathogenetic types of endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 15:10-17, 1983.
PubMed
2) Deligdisch L, Cohen CJ:Histologic correlates and virulence implications of endometrial carcinoma associated with adenomatous hyperplasia. Cancer 56:1452-1455, 1985.
PubMed
3) Koss LG, Schreiber K, Oberlander SG, et al:Detection of endometrial cancer and hyperplasia in a symptomatic women. Obstet. Gynecol. 6:1-11, 1984.
 
4) Robboy SJ, Bradley R:Changing trends and prognostic features in endometrial cancer as-sociated with exogenous estrogen therapy. Obstet. Gynecol. 54:269-277, 1979.
 
5) Robboy SJ, Miller AW, Kurman RJ:The pathologic features and behavior of endometrial carcnoma associated with exogenous estrogen administration. Pathol. Res. Pract. 174:237-256, 1982.
 
6) Smith M, McCartney AJ:Occult, high-risk endometrial cancer. Gynecol. Oncol. 22:154-161, 1985.
PubMed
7) Morrow CP, et al:Synopsis of Gynecologic Oncology (eds by Morrrow CP, Curtin JP, Townsend DE) , 4th Ed. Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1993.
 
8) Hartz A, Fisheer M, Cassell E, et al:Obesity and endometrial cancer. Intern. Med. 6:61-65, 1985.
 
9) Speroff L, Glass RH, Kase NG:Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility, 4th Ed. Williams and Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1989.
 
10) Park RC, Grigsby PW, Muss HB, et al:Corpus:Epithelial Tumors. In Principles and Practice of Gynecologic Oncology (eds by Hoskins WJ, Perez CA, Young RC) . JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1992, pp. 663-693.
 
11) Gambrell Jr RD:Role of hormones in the etiology and prevention of endometrial and breast cancer. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 106:37-46, 1982.
 
12) Gambrell RD, Bagnell CA, Greenblatt RB:Role of estrogens and progesterone in the etiology and prevention of endometrial cancer:review. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 146:696-707, 1983.
PubMed
13) MacMahon B:Risk factors for endometrial cancer. Gynecol. Onocl. 2:122-129, 1974.
 
14) Ovarian Malignancies, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Advances (ed by Piver MD) , Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1987.
 
15) Fisher B, Costantino JP, Redmond CK, et al:Endometrial cancer in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients:Findings from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel. Project (NSABP) B-14:J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:527-537, 1994.
PubMed
16) Jordan JC, Assikis VJ:Endometrial carcinoma and Tamoxifen:Clearing up a controversy. Clin. Cancer Res. 1:467-472, 1995.
 
17) 婦人科腫瘍委員会第32回治療年報:日産婦会誌 46:935-1001, 1994.
 
18) 婦人科腫瘍委員会報告:日産婦会誌 47:177-211, 1995.
 
19) DuBeshter B, Angel C, Lin J, et al:Gynecologic Tumors. In Clinical Oncology, A Multidisciplinary Approach for Physicians and Students (ed by Rubin P) , 7th Ed. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, Chapter 22, 1994.
 
20) Kurman RJ, Kaminski PF, Norris HJ:The behavior of endometrial hyperplasia. A long-term study o"untreated" hyperplasia in 170 patients. Cancer 56:403-412, 1985
 
21) Gal D:Hormonal therapy for lesions of the endometrium. Semin. Oncol. 13:33-36, 1986.
PubMed
22) Ferenczy A, Gelfand M:The biologic significance of cytologic atypia in progestogen-treated endometrial hyperplasia. Am J. Obstet. Gynecol. 160:126-131, 1989.
PubMed
23) Hawwa ZM, Nahhas WA, Copenhauer EH:Postmenopausal bleeding. Lahey. Clin. Foundation Bull. 19:61, 1970.
 
24) Pacheco JC, Kempers RD:Etiology of postmenopausal bleeding. Obstet. Gynecol. 32:40-46, 1968.
PubMed
25) Granberg S, Wikland M, Karlsson B, et al:Endometrial thickness as measured by endovaginal ultrasonography for identifying endometrial abnormality. Am. J Obstet. Gynecol. 164:47-52, 1991.
PubMed
26) Chun M, Ball HG, Doherty F, et al:Uterine thickness determination using real-time ultrasonography:A guide for intracavitary brachytherapy in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 36:176-180, 1990.
PubMed
27) Fleischer AC, Kalemeris GC, Machin JE, et al:Sonographic depiction of normal and abnormal endometrium with histopathologic correlation. J. Ultrasound Med. 5:445, 1986.
PubMed
28) Gordon AN, Fleischer AC, Dudley BS, et al:Preoperative assessment of myometrial invasion of endometrial adenocarcinoma by sonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) . Gynecol. Oncol. 34:175-179, 1989.
PubMed
29) 松浦佑介, 柏村正道, 篠原道興・他:子宮体癌筋層浸潤の評価におけるMRIの有用性について. 日産婦会誌 44:787-792, 1992.
 
30) Chen SS, Rumancik WM, Spiegel G:Magnetic resonance imaging in stage I endometrial carcinoma. Obstet. Gynecol. 75:274-277, 1990.
 
31) Powell MC, Wowmack C, Buckley J, et al:Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging of stage I endometrial adenocarcinoma. Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 93:353-360, 1986.
 
32) Yazigi R, Cohen J, Munoz AK, et al:Magnetic resonance imaging determination of myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 34:94-97, 1989.
PubMed
33) Niloff JM, Klug TL, Schaetsl E, et al:Elevation of serum CA 125 in carcinomas of thefallopian tube, endometrium, and endocervix. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 148:1057-1058, 1984.
 
34) Patsner B, Mann WJ, Cohen H, et al:Predictive value of preoperative serum CA 125 levels inclinically localized and advanced endometrial carcinoma. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 158:399-402, 1988.
PubMed
35) 日本産科婦人科学会, 日本病理学会, 日本医学放射線学会:子宮体癌取り扱い規約. 1987.
 
36) Boronow RC, Morrow CP, Creaseman WT, et al:Surgical staging in endometrial cancer:Clinical-pathologic findings of a prospective study. Obstet. Gynecol. 63:825-832, 1984.
 
37) Creaseman WT, Morrow CP, Bundy BN, et al:Surgical pathologic spread patterns of endometrial cancer. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer 60:2035-2041, 1987.
 
38) FIGO:Classification and staging of malignant tumors in the female pelvis. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 9:172, 1971.
 
39) 西谷雅史, 櫻木範明, 田中俊誠・他:子宮体癌のFIGO新進行期分類 (1989) についての検討-旧進行期分類 (1983) との比較ならびに予後因子の解析. 日産婦会誌 43:451-457, 1991.
 
40) FIGO:Annual Report on the Results of Treatment in Gynecological Cancer. Vol 21. Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 36 (Suppl) :1, 1991.
 
41) Chambers SK, Kapp DS, Peschel RF, et al:Prognostic factors and sites of failure in FIGO stage I, grade 3 endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 27:180-188, 1987.
 
42) Wilson TO, Podratz KC, Gaffey TA, et al:Evaluation of unfavorable histologic subtypes inendometrial adenocarcinoma. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 162:418-426, 1990.
PubMed
43) Sutton GP:The significance of positive peritoneal cytology in endometrial cancer. Oncology. 4:21, 1990.
PubMed
44) Wharton JT, Mikura JJ, Mettlin C, et al:Risk factors and current management in carcinoma of the endometrium. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 162:515-520, 1986.
 
45) Bucy GS, Mendenhall WM, Morgan LS, et al:Clinical stage I and II endometrial carcinoma treated with surgery and/or radiation therapy:Analysis of prognostic and treatment-related factors. Gynecol. Oncol. 33:290-295, 1989.
PubMed
46) 竹島信宏, 梅沢 聡, 山脇孝晴・他:子宮体癌筋層浸潤欠如症例に関する研究. 日産婦会誌46 (6) :553-558, 1995.
 
47) Hanson MB, van Nagell JR Jr, Powell DE, et al:The prognostic significance of lymphvascular space invasion in stage I endometrial cancer. Cancer 55:1753-1757, 1985.
 
48) Sivridis E, Buckley CH, Fox H:The prognostic significance of lymphatic vascular space invasion in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 94:991-994, 1987.
 
49) 西谷雅史, 櫻木範明, 田中俊誠・他:子宮体癌の組織学的予後判定因子についての検討. 日産婦会誌 44:453-460, 1992.
 
50) McLellan R, Dillon MB, Currie JL, et al:Peritoneal cytology in endometrial cancer:A review. Obstet. Gynecol. Survey 44:711-719, 1989.
 
51) Konski A, Poulter C, Keys H, et al:Absence of prognostic significance, peritoneal dissemination and treatment advantage in endometrial cancer patients with positive peritoneal cytology. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 14:49-55, 1988.
PubMed
52) Lurain JR, Rumsey NK, Schink JC, et al:Prognostic significance of positive peritoneal cytology in clinical stage I adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Obstet. Gynecol. 74:175-179, 1989.
 
53) Yazigi R, Piver MS, Blumenson L:Malignant peritoneal cytology as prognostic indicators instage I endometrial cancer. Obstet. Gynecol. 62:359-362, 1983.
 
54) Turner DA, Gershenson DM, Arkinson N, et al:The prognostic significance of peritonealcytology for stage I endometrial cancer. Obstet. Gynecol. 74:775-780, 1989.
 
55) 塚本直樹:婦人科癌に対する腹部大動脈周囲リンパ節廓清の適応と手技. 研修コーナー 日産婦会誌 46:N 103-N 106, 1995.
 
56) Jones DA, Stout R:Results of intracavitary radium treatment for adenocarcinoma of the bodyof the uterus. Clin. Radiol. 37:169-171, 1986.
 
57) Greven K, Olds W:Radiotherapy in the management of endometrial carcinoma with cervical involvement. Cancer 60:1737-1740, 1987.
PubMed
58) Larsen DM, Copeland LJ, Gallager HS, et al:The significance of residual tumor after preoperative pelvic irradiation for stage II endometrial carcinoma. Obstet. Gynecol. 70:916-919, 1987.
 
59) Viaria M, Rosenman J, Halle J, et al:Primary radiation therapy for medically inoperablepatients with endometrial carcinoma, stages I-II. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 13:11-15, 1987.
 
60) Sears JD, Greven KM, Kathryn M, et al:Prognostic factors and treatment outcome for patients with locally recurrent endometrial cancer. Cancer 74:1303-1308, 1994.
 
61) Morgan JD III, Reddy S, et al:Isolated vaginal recurrences of endometrial carcinoma. Radiology 189:609-613, 1993.
 
62) Ayoub J, Audet-Lapointe P, Maschio A, et al:Efficacy of sequential cyclical hormonal therapy in endometrial cancer and its correlation with steroid hormone receptor status. Gynecol. Oncol. 31:327-337, 1988.
 
63) Creasman WT, Soper JT, McCarty KS Jr, et al:Influence of cytoplasmic steroid receptor content on prognosis of early stage endometrial carcinoma. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 151:922-932, 1985.
PubMed
64) Trope C, Johnson JE, Simonsen E, et al:Treatment of recurrent endometrial adenocarcinoma with a combination of doxorubicin and cisplatin. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 149:379-381, 1984.
 
65) Turbow MM, Thobon J, Ballon S, et al:Chemotherapy of advanced carcinoma with platinum, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 1:108-112, 1982.
 
P.835 掲載の参考文献
1) Figge DC, Tamimi HK, Greer BE:Lymphatic spread in carcinoma of the vulva. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 152:387-394, 1985.
PubMed
2) Homesley HD, Bundy BN, Sedlis A, et al:Assessment of current International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging of vulvar carcinoma related to prognostic factors for survival. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 164 (4) :997-1004, 1991.
 
3) Synopsis of Gynecologic Oncology, (eds by Morrow CP, Curtin JP, Townsend DE) , 4th Ed Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1993.
 
4) 婦人科腫瘍委員会報告:日産婦会誌 47:177-211. 1995.
 
5) Clinical Oncology, A Multi-disciplinary Approach for Physicians and Students (ed by Rubin P) , 7th Ed WB Saundes, Philadelphia, 1993.
 
6) Hacker NF, Berek JS, Juillard GIF, et al:Preoperative radiation therapy for locally advanced vulvar cancer. Cancer 54:2056-2061, 1984.
 
7) Podratz KC, Symmonds RE, Taylor WF, et al:Carcinoma of the vulva:Analysis of treatment and survival Obstet. Gynecol. 61:63-74, 1983.
PubMed
8) Crum CP, Liskow A, Pertas P, et al:Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (severe atypia and carcinoma in situ) . Cancer 54:1429-1434, 1984.
 
9) Choo YC, Morley GW:Double primary epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva and cervix. Gynecol. Oncol. 9:324-333, 1980.
PubMed
10) Mabuchi K, Bross DS, Kessler II:Epidemiology of cancer of the vulva:a case control study. Cancer 55:1843-1848, 1985.
PubMed
11) Hacker NF, Eifel P, McGuire W, et al:In Principles and Practice of Gynecologic Oncology (eds by Hoskins WJ, Perez CA, Young RC) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1992, pp. 537-566
 
12) Kaufman RH, Friedrich EG Jr, Gardner HL:Benign Diseases of the Vulva and Vagina, 3rd Ed Year-Book Medical Publishers Inc, Chicago, 1989.
 
13) Disaia PJ, Creasman WT:Clinical Gynecologic Oncology, 4th Ed. Mosby-Year Book, St Louis, 1993.
 
14) Sutton GP, Stehman FB, Ehrlich CE, et al:Human papilloma virus deoxyribonucleic acid in lesions of the female vulva. Obstet. Gynecol. 70:564-568, 1987.
 
15) Franklin EW III, Retledge FN:Epidemiology of epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva. Obstet. Gynecol. 39:165-172, 1972.
 
16) Sedlis A, Homesley H, Bundy BN, et al:Positive groin lymph nodes in superficial squamous cell vulvar cancer. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 156:1159-1164, 1987.
PubMed
17) Boyce J, Fruchter RG, Kasambilides E, et al:Prognostic factors in carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol. Oncol. 20:364-377, 1985.
PubMed
18) Stehman, FB, Burdy BN, Dvoretsky PM, et al:Early stage I carcinoma of the vulva treated with ipsilateral superficial inguinal lymphadenectomy and modified radical hemivulvectomy. A prospective study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. Obstet. Gynecol. 79:490-497, 1992.
 
19) FIGO News, Modifications in the staging for Stage I vulvar and Stage I cervical cancer. Report of the FIGO Committee on Gynecologic Oncology. Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 50:215-216, 1995.
 
20) Morley GW:Infiltrative carcinoma of the vulva:results of surgical treatment. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 124:874-888, 1976.
PubMed
21) Morris JM:A formula for selective lymphadenectomy, its application in cancer of the vulva. Obstet. Gynecol. 50:152-158, 1977.
PubMed
22) Iversen T:The valur of groin palpation in epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol. Oncol. 12:291-295, 1981.
 
23) Franklin EW III, Rutledge FN:Prognostic factors in epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva. Obstet. Gynecol. 37:892-901, 1971.
 
24) Krupp PJ, Lee YL, Bohm JW, et al:Prognostic parameters and clinical staging criteria in epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva. Obstet. Gynecol. 46:84-88, 1975.
 
25) Hacker NF, Berek JS, Lagasse L, et al:Management of regional lymph nodes and their prognostic influence in vulvar cancer. Obstet. Gynecol. 61:408-412, 1983.
PubMed
26) Curry SL, Wharton JT, Rutledge F:Positive lymph nodes in vulvar squamous carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 9:63-67, 1980.
PubMed
27) Hacker NF, Leuchter RS, Bereck JS, et al:Radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy through separate groin incisions. Obstet. Gynecol. 58:574-579, 1981.
 
28) Homesley HD, Bundy BN, Sdlis A, et al:Radiation therapy versus pelvic node resection for carcinoma of the vulva with positive groin nodes. Obstet. Gynecol. 68:733-740, 1986.
PubMed

37. 卵巣腫瘍

P.852 掲載の参考文献
1) 平成3年人口動態統計 上巻:厚生省大臣官房統計情報部編, 財団法人厚生省統計協会, 東京, 1993, pp 226-281.
 
2) がん統計白書-罹患/死亡/予後-1993. 富永祐民, 青木國雄, 花井 彩, 栗原 登編, 篠原出版, 東京, 1993.
 
3) 卵巣腫瘍取扱い規約 第1部:組織分類ならびにカラーアトラス. 日本産科婦人科学会, 日本病理 学会編, 金原出版, 東京, 1990.
 
4) 全国卵巣悪性腫瘍調査成績第1報:日本産科婦人科学会卵巣腫瘍登録委員会, 1982
 
5) Stadel BV:The etiology and prevention of ovarian cancer. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 123:772-773, 1975.
PubMed
6) Fathalla MF:Incessant ovulation-a factor in ovarian neoplasia [letter]? Lancet 2:163, 1971.
PubMed
7) Gwinn ML, Lee NC, Rhodes PH, et al:Pregnancy, breast feeding, and oral contraceptives and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 43:559-568, 1990.
PubMed
8) Rossing MA, Daling JR, Weiss NS, et al:Ovarian tumors in a cohort of infertile women. N. Engl. J. Med. 331:771-776, 1994.
 
9) Cramer DW, Welch WR, Scully RE. et al:Ovarian cancer and talc:a case-control study. Cancer 50:372-376, 1982.
PubMed
10) Cramer DW:Lactase persistence and milk consumption as determinants of ovarian cancer risk. Am. J. Epidemiol. 130:904-910, 1989.
PubMed
11) Schildkraut JM, Thompson WD:Familial ovarian cancer:A population-based case control study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 128:456-466, 1988.
PubMed
12) Berchuck A, Bast RC Jr:Growth factors, oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. In Cancer of the Ovary (Markman M, Hoskins WJ, Eds.) , Raven Press, New York, 1993, pp. 61-78.
 
13) Easton DF, Bishop DT, Ford D, et al:Genetic linkage analysis in familial breast and ovarian cancer:Results from 214 families. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 52:678-701, 1993.
PubMed
14) 日本産科婦人科学会編:卵巣腫瘍取扱い規約 第2部. 金原出版, 東京, 1992.
 
15) TNM CIassification of malignant tumours International Union Against Cancer 1988, Springer-Verlag.
 
16) Ochiai K, Sasaki H, Terashima Y, et al:Prognostic factor analysis and treatment results of ovarian cancer in Japan. Int. J. Technol. Assess. Health Care 10:406-425, 1994.
PubMed
17) Young RC, Decker DG, Wharton JT, et al:Staging laparotomy in early ovarian cancer. JAMA 250:3072, 1983.
PubMed
18) Clinical Gynecologic Oncology (ed. by DiSaia PJ, Creasman ET) , 3rd Ed, The C. V. Mosby Co., St Louis 1989, pp. 315-318.
 
19) Guthrie D, Davy MLJ, Phillips PR:Study of 656 patients with "early" ovarian cancer. Gynecol. Oncol. 17:363-369, 1984.
 
20) Young RC, Walton CA, Ellenberg SS, et al:Adjuvant therapy in stage I and stage II epitherial ovarian cancer. Results of two prospective randomized trial. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:1021-1027, 1990.
 
21) 落合和徳:卵巣がんの拡大根治手術. 癌と化学療法 19:1977-1981, 1992.
 
22) Ayhan A, Yarali H, Develiogly O, et al:Prognosticators of second-look laparotomy findings in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Surg. Oncol. 46:222, 1991.
 
23) Omura GA, Morrow CP, Blessing JA, et al:A randomized comparison of melphalan versus melphalan plus hexamethylmelamine versus adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer 51:783-789, 1983.
PubMed
24) Omura GA, Blessing JA, Ehrlich CE, et al:A randomized trial of cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin with or without cisplatin in advanced ovarian carcinoma. Cancer 57:1725-1730, 1980.
 
25) Omura GA, Bundy BN, Berek JS, et al:Randomized trial of cyclophosphamide plus cisplatin with or without doxorubicin in ovarian carcinoma:a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:457-465, 1989.
PubMed
26) Simon R, Korn EL:Selecting drug combinations based on total equivalent dose. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:1469-1476, 1990.
 
27) Neijt JP, Huinink WW, Burg MED, et al:Randomized trial comparing two combination chemotherapy regimens (CHAP-5 v CP) in advanced ovarian carcinoma. J Clin. Oncol. 5:1157-1168, 1987.
 
28) Gruppo Intereginale Cooperative Oncologico Ginecologia. Randomized comparison of cisplatin with cyclophosphamide/cisplatin and with cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/cisplatin in advanced ovarian cancer. Lancet 2:353-359, 1987.
 
29) Bertelsen K, Jakobsen A, Andersen J E, et al:A randomized study of cyclophosphamide and cisplatinum with or without doxorubicin in advanced ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 28:1690-1699, 1987.
 
30) Conte PF, Bruzzone M, Chiara S, et al:A randomized trial comparing cisplatin plus cyclophos-phamide versus cisplatin, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in advanced ovarian cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:965-971, 1986.
 
31) Ovarian Cancer Meta-Analysis Project. Cyclophosphamide plus cisplatin versus cyclophos-phamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin chemotherapy of ovarian carcinoma:Ameta-analysis. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1668-1674, 1991.
 
32) Bertelsen K, Jakobsen A, Str 6 yer I, et al:A prospective randomized comparison of 6 and 12 cysles of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cisplatin in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer:A Danish Ovarian Study Group Trial (DACOVA) . Gynecol. Oncol. 49:30-36, 1993.
 
33) Cocalette G, Marzorati L:Cisplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity is dependent on total-dose intensity and single-dose intensity. Cancer 69:203-209, 1992.
 
34) Rozencweig, Martin A, Beltangandy M, et al:Randomized trials of carboplatin versus cisplatin in advanced ovarian cancer. In:Carboplatin (JM-8) Current Perspectives and Future Directions. (ed. by Bunn PA, Canetta R, Ozols RF and Rozencweig M) , Philadelphia:WB Saunders, 1990, pp. 175-192.
 
35) Alberts DS, Green S, Hannigan EV:Improved therapeutic index of carboplatin plus cyclophosphamide versus cisplatin plus cyclophosphamide:Final report by the Southwest Oncology Group of Phase III randomized trial in stage III and IV ovarian cancer. J CIin. Oncol. 10:706-717, 1992.
 
36) ten Bokkel Huinink WW, van der Burg ME, van Oosterom AT, et al:Carboplatin in combination therapy for ovarian cancer. Cancer Treat. Rev. 15 (Suppl B) :9-15, 1988.
 
37) Pater J:Cyclophosphamide/cisplatin versus cyclophosphamide/carboplatin in macroscopic residual ovarian cancer. Initinal results of a Natioral Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical trials Group trial. Proc. ASCO 9:155, 1990.
 
38) Alberts DS, Liu PY, Hannigan EV, et al:Phase III study of intraperitoneal (IP) cisplatin (CDDP) /intravenous (IV) cyclophosphamide (CPA) vs iv CDDP/iv CPA in patients (pts) with optimal disease stage III ovarian cancer:ASWOG-GOG-ECOG intergroup study (INT 0051) . Proc. ASCO l4:273, 1995.
 
39) Levin L, Hrynbiuk W:Dose intensity analysis of chemotherapy regimens in ovarian carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:756-767, 1987.
 
40) Alberts DS, Young L, Mason NL, et al:In vitro evaluation of anticancer drugs against ovarian cancer at concentrations achievable by intraperitoneal administration. Semin. Oncol. 12 (Suppl) :38-42, 1985.
 
41) Ozols RF, Corden BJ, Jacob J, et al:High-dose cisplatinum in hypertonic saline. Am. Intern. Med. 100:19-24, 1984.
 
42) McGuire WP, Hoskins WJ, Brady MF, et al:A phase III trial of dose intense versus standard dose cisplatin and cytoxan in advanced ovarian cancer. Proc. ASCO 11:226, 1992.
 
43) Colombo N, Pittelli M, Parma G, et al:Cisplatin dose intensity in advanced ovarian cancer:A randomized study of conventional dose versus dose-intense cisplatin mono-chemotherapy. Proc. ASCO 12:255, 1993.
 
44) Kaye SB, Lewis CR, Paul J, et al:Randomized study of two doses of cisplatin with cyclophos-phamide in epithelial ovarian cancer. Lancet 340:329-333, 1992.
 
45) Ozols RF, Ostchega, Curt G, et al:High-dose carboplatin in refractory ovarian cancer patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:197-201, 1987.
PubMed
46) McGuire WP:Taxol:A new drug with significant activity as a salvage therapy in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 51:78-85, 1993.
PubMed
47) McGuire WP, Hoskins WJ, Brady MF, et al:Taxol and cisplatin (TP) improves outcome in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) as compared to cytoxan and cisplatin (CP) . Proc. ASCO 14:275, 1995.
 
48) Kurman RJ, Norris HJ:Malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary. Hum. Pathol. 8:551-564, 1977.
PubMed
49) Slayton RE, Park RC, Silverberg SG, et al:Vincristine, actinomycin, and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary:A Gynecologic Oncology Group study (a final report) . Cancer 56:243-248, 1985.
 
50) Williams SD, Blessing JA, Moore DH, et al:Cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin in advanced and recurrent ovarian germ cell tumors. Ann. Intern. Med. 111:22-27, 1989.
PubMed
51) Willemse PHB, Aalders JG, Bouma J, et al:Long-term survival after vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin treatment in patients with germ cell tumors of the ovary:An up. date, Gynecol. Oncol. 28:268-277, 1987.
 
52) Williams SD, Blessing JA, Hatch KD, et al:Chemotherapy of advanced dysgerminoma:Trials of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1950-1955, 1991.
 
53) Seltzer V, Vogl S, Kaplan B:Retreatment utilizing combination chemotherapy including cisdiamminedichloroplatinum. Gynecol. Oncol. 21:167-176, 1985.
PubMed
54) Blackledge G, Lawton F, Redman C, et al:Response of patients in phase II studies of chemotherapy in ovarian cancer:Implications for patient treatment and the design of phase II trials. Br. J. Cancer 59:650-653, 1989.
PubMed
55) Ozols RF, Ostrowski MJ, Myers C, et al:High dose cisplatin in hypertonic saline in refractory ovarian cancer:J. Clin. Oncol. 3:1246-1250, 1987.
 
56) Stiff P:Salvage therapy of U. S. bone marrow transplant programs. Proc. 6th Int. Bone Marrow Transplant Symp. [Abstract] 1992.
 
57) Markman M, Blessing JA, Major F, et al:Salvage intraperitoneal therapy of ovarian cancer employing cisplatin and etoposide. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol. Oncol. 50:191-195, 1993.
 
58) Catino A, Lorusso V, Gargano G, et al:Carboplatin plus ifosfamide as salvage treatment in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Ann. Oncol. 3 (suppl 5) :104, 1992.
 
59) Kohn EC, Sarosy G, Bicher A, et al:Dose-intense taxol:High response rate in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:18-24, 1994.
PubMed
60) Manetta A, MacNeill C, Lyter JA, et al:Hexamethylmelamine as a single second-line agent in ovarian cancer. Gynecol. Oncol. 36:93-96, 1990.
PubMed
61) Markman M, Hakes T, Reichman B, et al:Ifosfamide and mesna in previously treated advanced epithelial ovarian cancer:Activity in platinum-resistant disease. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:243-248, 1992.
 
62) Muss HB, Blessing JA, Baker VV, et al:Echinomycin (NSC 526417) in advanced ovarian cancer:A phase II trial the Gynecologic Oncology Group. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:299-301, 1990.
 
63) Hoskins PJ, Swenerton KD:Oral etoposide is active against platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:60-63, 1994.
PubMed
64) Reed E, Jacob J, Ozols RF, et al:5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin in platinum-refractory advanced stage ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 42:326-329, 1992.
 
65) Lund B, Hansen OP, Theilade K, et al:Phase II study of gemcitabine in previously platinum-treated ovarian cancer patients:An update, Proc. ASCO 12:262, 1993.
 
66) Weiss G, Green S, Alberts DS, et al:Second-line treatment of advanced measurable ovarian cancer with iproplatin:A Southwest Oncology Group study. Eur. J. Cancer 27:135-138, 1991.
 
67) Greech RH, Shah MK, Catalano RB, et al:Phase II study of low-dose mitomycin in patients with ovarian cancer previously treated with chemotherapy. Cancer Treat. Rep. 69:1271-1273, 1985.
 
68) Albert D, Miranda E, Dorr R, et al:Phase II and pharmacokinetic and human tumor cloning assay study of suramin in advanced ovarian cancer. Proc. ASCO 10:187, 1991.
 
69) Markman M, DeMarco LC, Birdhofer M, et al:Phase II trial of zeniplatin (CL 286, 558) , a new platinum compoud, in patients with advanced ovarian cancer previously treated with cisplatin. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:389-393, 1991.
 
70) Gross TP, Schlesselman JJ:The estimated effect of oral contracepetive use on the cumulative risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Obst. Gynecol. 83:419-424, 1994.
 
71) Piver MS, Baker TR, Piedmonte M, et al:Epidemiology and etiology of ovarian cancer. Semin Oncol. 18:177-185, 1991.
PubMed
72) Averette HE, Nguyen HA:The role of prophylactic oophorectomy in cancer prevention. Gynecol. Oncol. 55:S38-S 41, 1994.
 
73) Averette HE, Hoskins W, Nguyen HN, et al:National survey of ovarian carcinoma. I. A patient care evaluation study of the American College of Surgeons. Cancer 71:1629-1638, 1993.
 
74) Boide G, Averette HE, Hoskins W, et al:National survey of ovarian carcinoma. III. Women with prior hysterectomy:A failure of prevention? Gynecol. Oncol. 49:112, 1993.
 
75) NIH Concensus development panel on ovarian cancer, NIH Consensus Conference. Ovarian cancer. JAMA 273:491-497, 1995.
 

38. 乳がん

P.885 掲載の参考文献
1) Harris JR, Lippman ME, Veronesi U, et al:Breast cancer (1-3) . N. Engl. J. Med. 327:319-328;390-398;473-480, 1992.
 
2) がんの統計編集委員会:がんの統計. 財団法人がん研究振興財団, 東京, 1993.
 
3) Chamberlain J:Epidemiology of breast cancer, in Hoogstraten B, Burn I, BloomH. J. G (eds) :Breast Cancer. UICC Current Treatment of Cancer. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1988.
 
4) Ziegler RG, Hoover RN, Pike MC, et al:Migration patterns and breast cancer risk in Asian-American women. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:1819-1827, 1993.
PubMed
5) Kushi LH, Sellers TA, Potter JD, et al:Dietary fat and postmenopausal breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 84:1092-1099, 1992.
PubMed
6) Wynder EL, Rose DP, Cohen LA:Diet and breast cancer in causation and therapy. Cancer 58:1804-1813, 1986.
PubMed
7) Howe GR, Hirohata T, Hislop TG, et al:Analysis of dietary fat, calories, body weight, and the development of mammary tumors in rats and mice:areview. Cancer Res. 50:5710-5719, 1990.
 
8) Bastarrachea J, Hortobagyi GN, Smith TL:Obesity as an adverse prognostic factor for patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Ann. Intern. Med. 119:18-25, 1993.
 
9) Marshall E:Big science enters the clinic. Science 260:744-747, 1993.
PubMed
10) Micozzi MS:Cross-cultural correlations of childhood growth and adult breast cancer. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 73:525-537, 1987.
PubMed
11) Kuroishi T, Hirose K, Tominaga S, et al:Prediction of future cancer mortality in Japan. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 22:365-369, 1992.
PubMed
12) Schatzkin A, Jones DY, Hoover RN, et al:Alcohol consumption and breast cancer in the epidemiologic follow-up study of the first National Health and Nutrittion Examination Survey. N. Engl. J. Med. 316:1169-1173, 1987.
PubMed
13) Reichman ME, Judd JT, Longscope C, et al:Effects of alcohol consumption on plasma and urinary hormone concentrations in premenopausal women. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:722-727, 1993.
 
14) Longnecker MP:Do hormones link alcohol with breast cancer? J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:692-693, 1993.
PubMed
15) Bain C, Speizer FE, Rosner B, et al:Family history of breast cancer as a risk indicator for the disease. Am. J. Epidemiol. 111:301-308, 1980.
PubMed
16) Ottman R, Pike MC, King MC, et al:practical Guide for estimating risk for familial breast cancer. Lancet 2:556-558, 1983.
PubMed
17) Hall JM, Lee MK, Newman B, et al:Linkage of early-onset familial breast cancer to chromosome 17 q 21. Science 250:1684-1689, 1990.
 
18) Miki Y, Swensen J, Shattuck-Eidens D, et al:A strong candidate for the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA 1. Science 266:66-71, 1994.
 
19) Biesecker BB, Boehnke M, Calzone K, et al:Genetic counseling for families with inherited susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancerum. JAMA 269:1970-1974, 1993.
PubMed
20) Ford D, Easton DF, Bishop DT, et al:Risks of cancer in BRCA 1-mutation carriers. Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium. Lancet 343:692-695, 1994.
 
21) Inoue R, Fukutomi T, Ushijima T, et al:Linkage analysis of BRCA 1 in Japanese breast cancer families. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 85:1233-1239, 1994.
 
22) Dodd GD:American Cancer Society guidelines on screening for breast cancer. Cancer 69:1885-1887, 1992.
PubMed
23) Redmond CK, Wickerham DL, Cronin W, et al:The NSABP breast cancer prevention trial (BCPT) :a progress report. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:69, 1993.
 
24) Chu KC, Conner RJ:Analysis of the temporal patterns of benefits in the Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York trial by stage and age. Am. J. Epidemiol. 13:1039-1049, 1991.
 
25) Nystrom L, Rutqvist LE, Wall S, et al:Breast cancer screening with mammography:an overview of Swedish randomized trials. Lancet 341:973-978, 1993.
PubMed
26) Kopans DB:Detection of breast cancer not visible by mammography. J Natl. Cancer Inst. 84:745-747, 1992.
 
27) Fletcher SW, Black W, Harris R, et al:Report of the international workshop on screening for breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:1644-1656, 1993.
PubMed
28) 福田 譲:乳癌集団検診の現状と問題点. 乳癌の臨床 5:374, 1990.
 
29) 渡辺 弘, 福田 譲:乳癌と集団検診. 外科 54:495-497, 1992.
 
30) Ota J, Horino T, Taguchi T, et al:Mass screening for breast cancer. comparison of the clinical stages and prognosis of breast cancer detected by mass screening and in out-patients clinic. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 80:1028-1034, 1989.
PubMed
31) Ohuchi N, Yoshida K, Kimura M, et al:Improved detection rate of early breast cancer in mass screening with mammography. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:807-812, 1993.
PubMed
32) Beahrs OH, Henson DE, Hutter RVP, et al:American Joint Committee on Cancer:Manual for staging of cancer, (4th ed) . J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1992.
 
33) 乳癌研究会編:臨床・病理, 乳癌取扱い規約 (第11版) , 金原出版.
 
34) Fisher B:The surgical dilemma in the primary therapy of invasive breast cancer:a critical appraisal. Curr. Probl. Surg. Oct;1-53, 1970.
PubMed
35) Fisher B, Redmond C, Fisher ER, et al:Ten-year results of a randomized clinical trial comparing radical mastectomy and total mastectomy with or without radiation. N. Engl. J. Med. 312:674-681, 1985.
PubMed
36) Fisher B, Redmond C, Poisson R, et al:Eight-year results of a randomized clinical trial comparing total mastectomy and lumpectomy with or without irradiation in the treatment of breast cancer. N. Eng. J. Med. 320:822-828, 1989.
PubMed
37) Veronesi U, Banfi A, Salvadori B, et al:Breast conservation is the treatment of choice in small breast cancer:long-term results of a randomized trial. Eur. J. Cancer 26:668-670, 1990.
PubMed
38) van Dongen JA, Bartelink H, Fentiman IS, et al:Randomized clinical trial to assess the value of breast-conserving therapy in stage I and II breast cancer, EORTC 10801 trial. Monogr. Natl. Cancer Inst.:15-18, 1992.
 
39) Consensus statement:treatment of early-stage breast cancer. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Panel. Monogr. Natl. Cancer Ins. 11:1-5, 1992.
 
40) Crowe JP, Jr, Gordon NH, Antunez AR, et al:Local-regional breast cancer recurrence following mastectomy. Arch. Surg. 126:429-432, 1991.
PubMed
41) Cuzick J, Stewart H, Peto R, et al:Overview of randomized trials comparing radical mastectomy without radiotherapy against simple mastectomy with radiotherapy in breast cancer. Cancer Treat. Rep. 71:7-14, 1987.
PubMed
42) Stefanik D, Goldberg R, Byrne P, et al:Local-regional failure in patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:660-665, 1985.
PubMed
43) Griem KL, Henderson IC, Gelman R, et al:The 5-year results of a randomized trial of adjuvant radiation therapy after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1546-1555, 1987.
PubMed
44) Fowble B, Gray R, Gilchrist K, et al:Identification of a subgroup of patients with breast cancer and histologically positive axillary nodes receiving adjuvant chemotherapy who may benefit from postoperative radiotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1107-1117, 1988.
PubMed
45) Haagensen CD, Stout AP:Carcinoma of the breast, criteria of operability. Ann. Surg. 118:859-870;1032-1051, 1943.
 
46) Fernando IN, Powles TJ, Dowsett M, et al:Determining factors which predict response to primary medical therapy in breast cancer using a single fine needle aspirate with immunocyto-chemical staining and flow cytometry. Virchows Archiv 426:155-161, 1995.
 
47) Hortobagyi GN, Singletary SE, McNees MD:Treatment of locally advanced and inflammatory breast cancer, in Harris JR, Lippman ME, Morrow M, et al (eds) :Disease of the breast. Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philladelphia, 1996.
 
48) Amalric R, Santamaria F, Robert F, et al:Radiation therapy with or without primary limited surgery for operable breast cancer:a 20-year experience at the Marseilles Cancer Institute. Cancer 49:30-34, 1982.
 
49) Zucali R, Uslenghi C, Kenda R, et al:Natural history and survival of inoperable breast cancer treated with radiotherapy and radiotherapy followed by radical mastectomy. Cancer 37:1422-1431, 1976.
PubMed
50) Abeloff MD, Lichter AS, Niederhuber JE, et al:Breast, in Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Lichter AS, et al (eds) :Clinical Oncology. Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1995, pp. 1617-1714.
 
51) Arriagada R, Mouriesse H, Sarrazin D, et al:Radiotherapy alone in breast cancer. I. Analysis of tumor parameters, tumor dose and local control:the experience of the Gustave-Roussy Institute and the Princess Margaret Hospital. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 11:1751-1757, 1985.
 
52) Spanos WJ Jr, Montague ED, Fletcher GH:Late complications of radiation only for advanced breast cancer. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 6:1473-1476, 1980.
PubMed
53) Bedwinek J, Rao DV, Perez C, et al:Stage III and localized stage IV breast cancer:irradiation alone vs irradiation plus surgery. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 8:31-36, 1982.
PubMed
54) Pearlman NW, Guerra O, Fracchia AA:Primary inoperable cancer of the breast. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 143:909-913, 1976.
PubMed
55) Vilcoq JR, Fourquet A, Jullien D, et al:Prognostic significance of clinical nodal involvement in patients treated by radical radiotherapy for a locally advanced breast cancer. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:625-628, 1984.
PubMed
56) Hortobagyi GN, Ames FC, Buzdar AU, et al:Management of stage III primary breast cancer with primary chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. Cancer 62:2507-2516, 1988.
PubMed
57) Hobar PC, Jones RC, Schouten J, et al:Multimodality treatment of locally advanced breast carcinoma. Arch. Surg. 123:951-955, 1988.
PubMed
58) Takatsuka Y, Yayoi E, Kobayashi T, et al:Neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer:a prospective randomized study. Osaka Breast Cancer Study Group. JPn. J. Clini. Oncol. 24:20-25, 1994.
 
59) Powles TJ, Hickish TF, Makris A, et al:Randomized trial of chemoendocrine therapy started before or after surgery for treatment of primary breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:547-552, 1995.
PubMed
60) Belembaogo E, Feillel V, Chollet P, et al:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 1260perable breast cancers. Eur. J. Cancer 28A:896-900, 1992.
PubMed
61) Jacquillat C, Baillet F, Weil M, et al:Results of a conservative treatment combining induction (neoadjuvant) and consolidation chemotherapy, hormonotherapy, and external and interstitial irradiation in 98 patients with locally advanced breast cancer (III A-III B) . Cancer 61:1977-1982, 1988.
 
62) Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group:Systemic treatment of early breast cancer by hormonal, cytotoxic, or immune therapy. 133 randomised trials involving 31, 000 recurrences and 24, 000 deaths among 75, 000 women. . Lancet 339:1-15 (part 1) , 71-85 (part 2) , 1992.
 
63) Gardin G, Alama A, Rosso R, et al:Relationship of variations in tumor cell kinetics induced by primary chemotherapy to tumor regression and prognosis in locally advanced breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 32:311-318, 1994.
PubMed
64) Fisher B, Mamounas EP:Preoperative chemotherapy:a model for studying the biology and therapy of primary breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:537-540, 1995.
 
65) Scholl SM, Fourquet A, Asselain B, et al:Neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal patients with tumours considered too large for breast conserving surgery:preliminary results of a randomised trial:S6. Eur. J. Cancer 30A:645-652, 1994.
PubMed
66) Fisher B:The evolution of paradigms for the management of breast cancer:a personal perspective. Cancer Res. 52:2371-2383, 1992.
PubMed
67) Bradley SJ, Weaver DW, Bouwman DL:Alternatives in the surgical management of in sitza breast cancer. A meta-analysis of outcome. Am. Surg. 56:428-432, 1990.
PubMed
68) Schnitt SJ, Silen W, Sadowsky NL, et al:Ductal carcinoma in situ (intraductal carcinoma) of the breast. N. Engl. J. Med. 318:898-903, 1988.
PubMed
69) Rosen PP, Groshen S, Kinne DW, et al:Factors influencing prognosis in node-negative breast carcinoma:analysis of 767 T 1 N 0 M 0/T 2 N 0 M 0 patients with long-term follow-up. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2090-2100, 1993.
 
70) Saez RA, McGuire WL, Clark GM:Prognostic factors in breast cancer. Sem. Surg. Oncol. 5:102-110, 1989.
 
71) Adair F, Berg J, Joubert L, et al:Long-term followup of breast cancer patients:the 30-year report. Cancer 33:1145-1150, 1974.
 
72) 佐伯菊子, 秋山 太, 坂元吾偉:リンパ節転移陰性 (n0) 乳癌の予後に関する臨床病理学的検討. 日外会誌 96:168-173, 1995.
 
73) Bloom HJ, Richardson WW:Histological grading and prognostis in breast cancer. Br. J. Cancer 11:359-377, 1957.
 
74) Yoshimoto M, Sakamoto G, Ohashi Y:Time dependency of the influence of prognostic factors on relapse in breast cancer. Cancer 72:2993-3001, 1993.
PubMed
75) Tsuda H, Hirohashi S, Shimosato Y, et al:Correlation between histologic grade of malignancy and copy number of c-erbB-2 gene in breast carcinoma. A retrospective analysis of 176 cases. Cancer 65:1794-1800, 1990.
PubMed
76) Henson DE:The histological grading of neoplasms. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 112:1091-1096, 1988.
PubMed
77) Steroid receptors in breast cancer:an NIH Consensus Development Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, June 27-29, 1979. Cancer 46:2759-2963, 1980.
PubMed
78) Knight WA, Livingston RB, Gregory EJ, et al:Estrogen receptor as an independent prognostic factor for early recurrence in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 37:4669-4671, 1977.
PubMed
79) Clark GM, McGuire WL:Steroid receptors and other prognostic factors in primary breast cancer. Semin. Oncol. 15:20-25, 1988.
PubMed
80) Nomura Y, Miura S, Koyama H, et al:Relative effect of steroid hormone receptors on the prognosis of patients with operable breast cancer. A univariate and multivariate analysis of 308g Japanese patients with breast cancer from the Study Group for the Japanese Breast Cancer Society on Hormone Receptors and Prognosis in Breast Cancer. Cancer 69:153-164, 1992.
 
81) Foekens JA, Portengen H, van Putten WL, et al:Prognostic value of estrogen and progesterone receptors measured by enzyme immunoassays in human breast tumor cytosols. Cancer Res. 49:5823-5828, 1989.
PubMed
82) Berger U, Wilson P, Thethi S, et al:Comparison of an immunocytochemical assay for progesterone receptor with a biochemical method of measurement and immunocytochemical examination of the relationship between progesterone and estrogen receptors. Cancer Res. 49:5176-5179, 1989.
PubMed
83) Clark GM:Prognostic and predictive factors for breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2:79-89, 1995.
 
84) McGuire WL:Breast cancer prognostic factors:evaluation guidelines. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:154-155, 1991.
PubMed
85) Gusterson BA, Gelber RD, Goldhirsch A, et al:Prognostic importance of c-erbB-2 expression in breast cancer. International (Ludwig) Breast Cancer Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1049-1056, 1992.
 
86) Allred DC, Clark GM, Tandon AK, et al:HER-2/neu in node-negative breast cancer:prognostic significance of overexpression influenced by the presence of in sitza carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:599-605, 1992.
PubMed
87) Muss HB, Thor AD, Berry DA, et al:c-erbB-2 expression and response to adjuvant therapy in women with node-positive early breast cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 330:1260-1266, 1994.
PubMed
88) Beatson GT:On the treatment of in operable cases of carcinoma of the mamma:suggestions for a new method of treatment, with illustrative cases. Lancet 2:104-107 (part 1) , 162-165 (part 2) , Lancet.
 
89) Fabian C, Sternson L, El SM, et al:Clinical pharmacology of tamoxifen in patients with breast cancer:correlation with clinical data. Cancer 48:876-882, 1981.
 
90) Tormey DC, Lippman ME, Edwards BK, et al:Evaluation of tamoxifen doses with and without fluoxymesterone in advanced breast cancer. Ann. Intern. Med. 98:139-144, 1983.
PubMed
91) Bratherton DG, Brown CH, Buchanan R, et al:A comparison of two doses of tamoxifen (Nolvadex) in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer:10 mg bd versus 20 mg bd. Br. J. Cancer 50:199-205, 1984.
 
92) Mouridsen H, Palshof T, Patterson J, et al:Tamoxifen in advanced breast cancer. Cancer Treat. Rev. 5:131-141, 1978.
PubMed
93) Plotkin D, Lechner JJ, Jung WE, et al:Tamoxifen flare in advanced breast cancer. JAMA 240:2644-2646, 1978.
PubMed
94) Clarysse A:Hormone-induced tumor flare. Eur. J. Cancer 21:545-547, 1985.
 
95) Jordan VC, Fritz NF, D. C. T:Long-term adjuvant therapy with tamoxifen:effects on sex hormone binding globulin and antithrombin III. Cancer Res. 47:4517-4519, 1987.
 
96) Levine M:Thromboembolic risk of tamoxifen in patients with stage II breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1579-1580, 1989.
PubMed
97) Saphner T, Tormey DC, Gray R:Venous and arterial thrombosis in patients who received adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:286-294, 1991.
PubMed
98) Japan Advanced Breast Cancer Study Group and Japan Clinical Oncology Group:Effects of chemoendocrine therapy on the coagulation-fibrinolytic systems in patients with advanced breast cancer. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:455-461, 1993.
 
99) Fornander T, Rutqvist LE, Cedermark B, et al:Adjuvant tamoxifen in early breast cancer:occurrence of new primary cancers. Lancet 1:117-120, 1989.
PubMed
100) Magriples U, Naftolin F, Schwartz PE, et al:High-grade endometrial carcinoma in tamox-ifen-treated breast cancer patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:485-490, 1993.
 
101) Canney PA, Griffiths T, Latief TN, et al:Clinical significance of tamoxifen withdrawal response. Lancet 1:36, 1987.
PubMed
102) Howell A, Dodwell DJ, Anderson H, et al:Response after withdrawal of tamoxifen and progestogens in advanced breast cancer. Ann. Oncol. 3:611-617, 1992.
PubMed
103) Gregory EJ, Cohen SC, Oines DW, et al:Megestrol acetate therapy for advanced breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:155-160., 1985.
PubMed
104) Davila E, Vogel CL, East D, et al:Clinical trial of high-dose oral medroxyprogesterone acetate in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer and review of the literature. Cancer 61:2161-2167, 1988.
PubMed
105) Becher R, Miller AA, Hoffken K, et al:High-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate in advanced breast cancer. Clinical and pharmacokinetic study with a combined oral and intramuscular regimen. Cancer 63:1938-1943, 1989.
PubMed
106) Cavalli F, Goldhirsch A, Jungi F, et al:Randomized trial of low-versus high-dose medroxy-progesterone acetate in the induction treatment of postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:414-419, 1984.
 
107) Etienne MC, Milano G, Frenay M, et al:Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medroxyprogesterone acetate in advanced breast cancer patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1176-1182, 1992.
PubMed
108) Hortobagyi GN, Buzdar AU, Frye D, et al:Oral medroxyprogesterone acetate in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 5:321-326, 1985.
PubMed
109) Watanabe T, Adachi I, Tajima K, et al:Improving the quality of life during chemoendocrine therapy for metastatic breast cacner:a randomized comparison of tamoxifen (TAM) versus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in combination with doxorubicin (ADM) plus cyclophosphamide. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:90, 1994.
 
110) Kaufmann M, Jonat W, Kleeberg U, et al:Goserelin, a depot gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist in the treatment of premenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer. German Zoladex Trial Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1113-1119, 1989.
 
111) Saphner T, Troxel AB, Tormey DC, et al:Phase II study of goserelin for patients with postmenopausal metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1529-1535, 1993.
PubMed
112) 渡辺 亨:ホルモン依存性癌とホルモン療法 <乳癌> ホルモン療法の実際. 図説臨床「癌」シリーズ癌とホルモン 32:44-49, 1990.
 
113) Watanabe T, Adachi I, Taguchi T, et al:144-SR (LEUPRORELIN SUSTAINED RELEASE FORMULATION) IN PREMENOPAUSAL PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC BREAST CANCER (MBC) . Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 37:74, 1995.
 
114) Lipton A, Harvey HA, Santen RJ, et al:Randomized trial of aminoglutethimide versus tamoxifen in metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res. 42:3434 s-3436 s, 1982.
 
115) Goss PE, Gwyn KMEH:Current perspectives on aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2460-2470, 1994
 
116) Dowsett M, Stein RC, Mehta A, et al:Potency and selectivity of the non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor CGS 16949 A in postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Clin Endocrinol 32:623-634, 1990.
 
117) Santen RJ, Demers LM, Adlercreutz H, et al:Inhibition of aromatase with CGS 16949 A in postmenopausal women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 68:99-106, 1989.
 
118) Stein RC, Dowsett M, Davenport J, et al:Preliminary study of the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women with the aromatase inhibitor CGS 16949 A. Cancer Res. 50:1381-1384, 1990.
 
119) Raats JI, Falkson G, Falkson HC:A study of fadrozole, a new aromatase inhibitor, in postmenopausal women with advanced metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:111-116, 1992.
PubMed
120) Cooper RG:Combination chemotherapy in hormone resistant breast cancer. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 10:15, 1969.
 
121) Smalley RV, Murphy S, Hunguley CM, et al:Combination versus sequential five-drug chemotherapy on metastatic carcinoma of the breast. Cancer Res. 36:3911-3916, 1976.
 
122) Muss HB, White DR, Cooper MR, et al:Combination chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer.:a randomized trial comparing a three-vs a five-drug program. Arch. Intern. Med. 137:1711-1714, 1977.
 
123) Segaloff A, Hankey BF, Carter AC, et al:An evaluation of the effect of vincristine added to cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, and prednisone in advanced breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 5:311-319, 1985.
PubMed
124) Tormey DC, Gelman R, Band PR, et al:Comparison of induction chemotherapies for metastatic breast cancer. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Trial. Cancer 50:1235-1244, 1982.
PubMed
125) Henderson IC, Harris JR:principles in the management of metastatic disease, in Henderson IC, Harris JR (eds) :Breast Disease (2nd ed) . Lippencot, New York, 1990, pp. 547-677.
 
126) Tannock IF, Boyd NF, DeBoer G, et al:A randomized trial of two dose levels of cyclophos-phamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil chemotherapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1377-1387, 1988.
 
127) Jones SE, Durie BGM, Salmon SE:Combination chemotherapy with Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide for advanced breast cancer. Cancer 36:90-97, 1975.
 
128) Bull JM, Tormey DC, Li SH, et al:A randomized comparative trial of adriamycin versus methotrexate in combination drug therapy. Cancer 41:1649-1657, 1978.
PubMed
129) Tranum B, Hoogstraten B, Kennedy A, et al:Adriamycin in combination for the treatment of breast cancer:a Southwest Oncology Group study. Cancer 41:2078-2083, 1978.
 
130) Aisner J, Weinberg V, Perloff M, et al:Chemotherapy versus chemoimmunotherapy (CAF vCAFVP v CMF each+/-MER) for metastatic carcinoma of the breast:a CALGB study. Cancer and Leukemia Group B. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1523-1533, 1987.
 
131) Tranum BL, McDonald B, Thigpen T, et al:Adriamycin combinations in advanced breast cancer. A Southwest Oncology Group Study. Cancer 49:835-839, 1982. .
 
132) Nemoto T, Horton J, Simon R, et al:Comparison of four-combination chemotherapy programs in metastatic breast cancer:comparison of multiple drug therapy with cytoxan, 5-FU and prednisone versus cytoxan and adriamycin, versus cytoxan, 5-FU and adriamycin, versus cytoxan, 5-FU and prednisone alternating with cytoxan and adriamycin. Cancer 49:1988-1993, 1982.
PubMed
133) Tormey D, Gelman R, Falkson G:Prospective evaluation of rotating chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Trial. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1-18, 1983.
PubMed
134) Hayes DF, Henderson IC:CAF in metastatic breast cancer:standard therapy or another effective regimen? J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1497-1499, 1987.
 
135) Ahmann DL, Schaid DJ, Bisel HF, et al:The effect on survival of initial chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer:polychemotherapy versus single drug. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1928-1932, 1987.
PubMed
136) Jones RB, Holland JF, Bhardwaj S, et al:A phase HI study of intensive-dose adriamycin for advanced breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:172-177, 1987.
 
137) Carmo PJ, Costa FO, Henriques E, et al:A comparison of two doses of adriamycin in the primary chemotherapy of disseminated breast carcinoma. Br. J. Cancer 56:471-473, 1987.
 
138) French Epirubicin Study Group:A prospective randomized phase III trial comparing combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, and either doxorubicin or epirubicin. French Epirubicin Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:679-688, 1988.
 
139) Lopez M, Contegiacomo A, Vici P, et al:A prospective randomized trial of doxorubicin versus idarubicin in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Cancer 64:2431-2436, 1989.
PubMed
140) Leonard RC, Cornbleet MA, Kaye SB, et al:Mitoxantrone versus doxorubicin in combination chemotherapy for advanced carcinoma of the breast. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1056-1063, 1987.
PubMed
141) Bennett JM, Muss HB, Doroshow JH, et al:A randomized multicenter trial comparing mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide, and fluorouracil with doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and fluorouracil in the therapy of metastatic breast carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1611-1620, 1988.
PubMed
142) Henderson IC, Allegra JC, Woodcock T, et al:Randomized clinical trial comparing mitoxantrone with doxorubicin in previously treated patients with metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:560-571, 1989.
PubMed
143) Ahmann F, Jones SE, Moon TE:The effect of prior adjuvant chemotherapy on survival in metastatic breast cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 37:116-122, 1988.
PubMed
144) Smith IE, Powles TJ:MMM (mitomycin/mitoxantrone/methotrexate) :an effective new regimen in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Oncology 50:9-15, 1993.
PubMed
145) Hainsworth JD, Andrews MB, Johnson DH, et al:Mitoxantrone, fluorouracil, and high-dose leucovorin:an effective, well-tolerated regimen for metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1731-1735, 1991.
PubMed
146) Jones SE, Mennel RG, Brooks B, et al:Phase II study of mitoxantrone, leucovorin, and infusional fluorouracil for treatment of metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1736-1739, 1991.
PubMed
147) Frye D, Hortobagyi GN, Buzdar AU:Impact of second-line therapies on survival in metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 12:124-128, 1988.
 
148) The Australian and new Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group:A randomized trial in postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer comparing endocrine and cytotoxic therapy given sequentially or in combination. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:186-193, 1986.
 
149) Taylor St, Gelman RS, Falkson G, et al:Combination chemotherapy compared to tamoxifen as initial therapy for stage IV breast cancer in elderly women. Ann. Intern. Med. 104:455-461, 1986.
 
150) Falkson G, Gelman RS, Tormey DC, et al:Treatment of metastatic breast cancer in premenopausal women using CAF with or without oophorectomy:an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:881-889, 1987.
 
151) Perry MC, Kardinal C, Korzun AH, et al:Chemohormonal therapy in advanced carcinoma of the breast:Cancer and Leukemia Group B protocol 8081. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1534-1545, 1987.
 
152) Peters WP:High-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of breast cacner:yes, in DeVita VTJ, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (eds) :Important advance in oncology 1995. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1995.
 
153) Bezwoda L, Seymour L, Dansey RD:High-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic rescue as primary treatment for metastatic breast cancer:a randomized trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:2483-2489, 1995.
 
154) Smith GA, Henderson IC:High-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) for the treatment of breast cacner:the jury is still out, in DeVita VTJ, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (eds) :Important advance in oncology 1995. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1995.
 
155) Schiller JH, Storer B, Tutsch K, et al:Phase I trial of 3-hour infusion of paclitaxel with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with advanced cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:241-248, 1994.
 
156) Rowinsky EK, Cazenave LA, Donehower RC:Taxol:a novel investigational antimicrotubule agent. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:1247-1259, 1990.
PubMed
157) Watanabe T, Adachi I, Sasaki Y, et al:Phase II study of paclitaxel (taoxol) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients with prior chemotherapies. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 37:90, 1995.
 
158) Cortes JE, Pazdur R:Docetaxel. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:2643-2655, 1994.
 
159) Gelber RD, Goldhirsch A, Coates AS:Adjuvant therapy for breast cancer:understanding the overview. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:580-585, 1993.
PubMed
160) Glick JH, Gelber RD, Goldhirsch A, et al:Meeting highlights:adjuvant therapy for primary breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 84:1479-1485, 1992.
PubMed
161) 富永祐民・他:乳癌のHigh riskグループとは. 乳癌の臨床 3:251-271, 1988.
 
162) Organ CH Jr, Familial breast cancer:where the clinician and basic scientist interface. Ann. Acad. Med. 17:36-41, 1988.
PubMed
163) Fukutomi T, Kobayashi Y, Nanasawa T, et al:A clinicopathological analysis of breast cancer in patients with a family history. Surgery Today. 23:849-854, 1993.
PubMed
164) 久道 茂:医学判断学入門. -われわれの判断や解釈上まちがっていないか-南江堂, 1990.
 
165) Goldhirsch A, Wood WC, Senn HJ, et al:Meeting highlights:international consensus panel on the treatment of primary breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87:1441-1445, 1995.
PubMed
166) Axelsson CK, Mouridsen HT, Zedeler K:Axillary dissection of level I and II lymph nodes is important in breast cancer patients. The Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (DBCG) . Eur J. Cancer 28A:1415-1418, 1992.
 
167) Tashiro H, Nomura Y, Ohsaki A:A double blind comparative study of tegafur (FT) and UFT (a combination of Tegafur and Uracil) . Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 24:212-217, 1994.
PubMed
168) 寺沢敏夫, 神前五郎, 酒井克治・他:乳癌術後長期補助化学療法に関する共同研究 第1報-Tegafur投与群と非投与対照群の比較-. 癌と化学療法 15:2073-2080, 1988.
Medical*Online
169) Ardran, GM:Bone destruction not demonstrable by radiography. Br. J. Radiol. 24:107-109, 1951.
 
170) Edelstyn GA, Gillespie PJ, Grebbell FS:The radiological demonstration of osseous metastases:experimental observation. Clin. Radiol. 18:158-162, 1967.
PubMed
171) Narita T, Funahashi H, Satoh Y, et al:Serum and immunohistochemical studies of NCC-ST-439in breast cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 54:5-8, 1993.
PubMed
172) Ramon C, Alvaro R, et al:Circulating tumor marker levels in advanced breast carcinoma correlate with the extent of metastatic disease. Cancer 64:1674-1681, 1989.
 
173) Tondini C, Hyes DF, Gelman R, et al:Comparison of CA 15-3 and carcinoembryonic antigen in monitoring the clinical course of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res. 48:4107-4112, 1988.
 
174) Adachi I, Watanabe T, Takashima S, et al:A late phase II study of RP 56976 (docetaxel) in patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer. Br. J. Cancer 73:210-216, 1996.
PubMed

39. 悪性骨軟部腫瘍の治療

P.918 掲載の参考文献
1) Bacci G, Gherlinzoni F, Picci P, et al:Adriamycin-methotrexate high dose versus adriamycin-methotrexate moderate dose as adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the extremities:a randomized study. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 22:1337-1345, 1986.
PubMed
2) Bacci G, Picci P, Ruggieri P, et al:Primary chemotherapy and delayed surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) for osteosarcoma of extremities. Cancer 65:2539-2553, 1990.
PubMed
3) Bacci G, Picci P, Ferrari S, et al:Primary chemotherapy and delayed surgery for nonmetas-tatic osteosarcoma of the extremities. Cancer 72:3227-3238, 1993.
 
4) Benjamin RS, Chawla SP, Carrasco C, et al:Arterial infusion in the treatment of osteosar-coma. In Recent Concepts in Sarcoma Treatment (ed. by Ryan JR, Baker LO) . Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1988, pp. 269-274.
 
5) Benjamen RS, Chawla SP, Carrasco Ch, et al:Primary chemotherapy of patients with osteosar-coma of an extremity. Proc. ASCO 5:139, 1986.
 
6) Bramwell VHC, Burgers M, Sneath R, et al:A comparison of two short intensive adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in operable osteosarcoma of limbs in children and young adults:the first study of the European osteosarcoma intergroup. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1579-1591, 1992.
 
7) Broders A:The microscopic grading of cancer. In treatment of cancer and apllied diseases. (ed. by Pack GT, et al) . Paul B, Hoeber, London, 1940, pp. 19-41.
 
8) Cortes EP, Holland JF, Glidewell O:Amputation and adriamycin in primary osteosarcomas:A 5 year report. Cancer Treat. Rep. 62:271-277, 1978.
PubMed
9) Cortes E, Necheles TF, Holland JF, et al:Adriamycin alone vs. adriamycin and high dose methotrexate citrovorum factor rescue as adjuvant to operable primary osteosarcoma:A randomized study by Cancer and Leukemia Group B. Proc. ASCO 20:412, 1979.
 
10) Cortes EP, Holland JF, Glidewell O:Osteogenic sarcoma studied by the Cancer and leukemia Group B. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 5:207-209, 1981.
 
11) Edmonson JH, Green SJ, Ivins JC, et al:A controlled pilot study of high dose methotrexate as post-surgical adjuvant treatment for primary osteosarcoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:152-156, 1984.
 
12) Eilber Fp, Giuliano A, Eckardt K:Adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma:A randomized prospective trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:21-26 1987.
 
13) Ettinger LJ, Douglass HO, Higby DS, et al:Adjuvant adriamycin and cis-diamminedichloro-platinum (cisplatin) in primary osteosarcoma. Cancer 47:248-254, 1981.
 
14) Enneking WF, et al:A system for the surgical staging of musculoskeletal sarcoma. Clin. Orthop. 153:106-120, 1980.
PubMed
15) Enneking WF:A system for the functional evaluation of the surgical management of musculoskeletal tumors. In Limb salvage in musculoskeletal oncology. (ed. by Ennekin WF) , 1987, pp. 5-16.
 
16) Enneking WF, Dunham W, Gebhardt M, et al:A system for the functional evaluation of reconstructive procedures after surgical treatment of tumors of the musculoskeletal system. Clin. Orthop. 286:241-246, 1993.
 
17) EORTC osteosarcoma Working Group(presented by Jasmin C) . Randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy in osteogenic sarcoma:Comparison of altering sequential administrations of high dose adriamycin, methotrexate and cyclophosphamide with a 6-month administration high-dose adriamycin followed by a low-dose semicontinuous chemotherapy. Recent Results Cancer Res. 68:28-32, 1978.
 
18) Ettinger LJ, Douglass HO, Higby DS, et al:Adjuvant adriamycin and cis-diamminedichloro-platinum (cisplatin) in primary osteosarcoma. Cancer 47:248-254, 1981.
 
19) Furuse K, Maeyama I, Yamawaki S, et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma with adriamycin alone versus adriamycin vincristine and high dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue. In Methotrexate in cancer therapy (ed. by Kimura K, Wang Y-M) . Raven Press, New York, 1986, pp. 249-255.
 
20) Goorin A, Delorey M, Gelber R, et al:The Dana Farber Cancer Institute/The children hospital adjuvant chemotherapy trails for osteosarcomas:Three sequential studies. Cancer Treat. Symp. 3:155-159, 1985.
 
21) Goorin AM, Perez-Atayde A, Gebhardt M, et al:Weekly high dose methotrexate and doxor-ubicin for osteosarcoma:The Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/The Children's Hospital;Study III. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1178-1184, 1987.
 
22) Herson J, Sutow WW, Elder K, et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy in nonmetastatic osteosarcoma:A Southwest Oncology Group Study. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 8:343-352, 1980.
 
23) Huvos AG:Bone tumors:Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. 2nd Ed. Philadelphia, London, Toronto, W. B. Saunders Co, 1991, pp. 117-155.
 
24) Jaffe N, Frei E, Link M, et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy of osteogenic sarcoma:5-years experience. Cancer Treat. Rep. 62:259-264, 1978.
 
25) Jaffe N, Robertson R, Ayala A, et al:Comparison of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II with high-dose methotrexate and citrovorum factor rescue in the treatment of primary osteosarcoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:1101-1104, 1985.
PubMed
26) Jaffe N, Rosenberg R, Ayala A, et al:Comparison of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II with high-dose methotrexate and citrovorum factor rescue in the treatment of primary osteosarcoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:1101-1104, 1985.
 
27) Jaffe N, Raymond AK, Carrasco H, et al:Effect of escalating courses of intraarterial cis-diamminedichloroplatinum-II(CDDP) on the primary tumor in pediatric osteosarcoma(OS) . Proc. ASCO 6:217, 1987.
 
28) Jaffe N, Smith D, Jaffe R, et al:Intraarterial cisplatin in the management of stage IIB osteosarcoma in the pediatric and adolescent age group. Clin. Orthop. 270:15-21, 1991.
 
29) Kalifa C, Dubousset J, Grandner H, et al:Osteosarcoma(OS) ;An attempt to reproduce T 10 in a single institution. Proc. ASCO 4:236, 1985.
 
30) Krailo M, Ertel J, Mackley J:A randomized study comparing high dose methotrexate with moderate dose methotrexate as components of adjuvant chemotherapy in childhood nonmetastatic osteosarcoma:A report from the Children's Cancer Study Group. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 15:69-77, 1987.
 
31) 琴浦良彦, 坪山直生:放射線療法, 術中照射の治療成績と問題点. 骨腫瘍の診断と治療 (平澤泰介編) , OS Now 18, メジカルビュー社, 東京, 1995, pp. 226-231.
 
32) Link MP, Goorin AM, Miser AW, et al:The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on relapse free survival in patients with osteosarcoma of the extremity. N. Engl. J. Med. 314:1600-1606, 1986
PubMed
33) Link MP, Groorin AM, Horowitz M, et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy of high grade osteosarcoma of the extremity:Update results of the Multi-lnstitutional Osteosarcoma Study. Clin. Orthop. 270:8-14, 1991.
 
34) Marti CH, Kroner T, Remagen W, et al:High-dose ifosfamide in advanced osteosarcoma. Cancer Treat. Rep. 69:115-117, 1985.
 
35) Meyer PA, Heller G, Healey J, et al:Chemotherapy for nonmetastatic osteogenic sarcoma:The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Experience. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:5-15, 1992.
 
36) Niederle N, Scheulen ME, Cremer M, et al:Ifosfamide in combination chemotherapy for sarcomas and testicular carcinomas. Cancer Treat. Rev. 10:129-135, 1983.
PubMed
37) Bramwell VHC, Mouriden HT, Santoro A, et al:Cyclophosphamide versus ifosfamide:Final report of a randomized phase II trial in adult soft tissue sarcomas. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 23:311-321, 1987.
 
38) 日本整形外科学会骨, 軟部腫瘍委員会編:骨, 軟部肉腫切除縁評価法. 金原出版, 東京, pp. 31-36, 1989.
 
39) Petrill AS, Gentil FC, Epelman S, et al:Increased survival, 1imb preservation, and prognostic factors for osteosarcoma. Cancer 68:733-737, 1991.
 
40) Pratt CB, Rivera G, Shanks E, et al:Combination chemotherapy for osteosarcoma. Cancer Treat. Rep. 62:251-257, 1978.
PubMed
41) Provisor A, Nachman J, Krailo M, et al:Treatment of non-metastatic osteogenic sarcoma (os) of the extremities with pre and post-operative chemotherapy. Proc. ASCO 6:217, 1987.
 
42) Rosen G, Tan C, Sanmanechal A, et al:The rationale for multiple drug chemotherapy in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma. Cancer 35:936-945, 1975.
PubMed
43) Rosen G, Murphy ML, Huvos AG, et al:Chemotherapy, en bloc resection and prosthetic bone replacement in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma. Cancer 37:1-11, 1976.
PubMed
44) Rosen G, Caparros B, Huvos AG, et al:Preoperative chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma:Selection of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy based on the response of the primary tumor to preoperative chemotherapy. Cancer 49:1221-1230, 1982.
PubMed
45) Rosen G, Marcove RC, Caparros B, et al:Primary osteogenic sarcoma:eight-year experience with adjuvant chemotherapy. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 106:55-67, 1983.
PubMed
46) Rosenberg WF, Ivins JC, Dahlin DC, et al:Effect of adjuvant high-dose methotrexate after amputation. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63:739-751, 1979.
 
47) 柴田大法:外科的治療. Surgical staging と surgical margin. 骨腫瘍の診断と治療 (平澤泰介編) , OS Now 18, メジカルビュー社, 東京, 1995, pp. 158-163.
 
48) Sutow WW, Gehan EA, Dyment PG, et al:Multidrug adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma:Interm report of the Southwest Oncology Group Studies. Cancer Treat. Rep. 62:265-269, 1978.
 
49) Saeter G, Alvegard TA, Eloma L, et al:Treatment of osteosarcoma of the extremities with the T10 protocol, with emphasis on the effects of preoperative chemotherapy with single-agent high-dose methotrexate:A Scandinavian sarcoma group study. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1766-1775, 1991.
 
50) 富田勝郎, 砂山千明:骨肉腫の患肢温存療法. 骨腫瘍の診断と治療 (平澤泰介編) , OS Now 18, メジカルビュー社, 東京, 1995, pp. 36-41.
 
51) Tuchiya H, Tomita K, et al:Intraarterial cisplatin and caffeine with or without doxorubicin for musculoskeletal high-grade spindle cell sarcoma. Onco. Reports 1:27-36, 1984.
 
52) Weiner MA, Harris MB, Lewis M, et al:Neoadjuvant high-dose methotrexate, cisplatin and doxorubicin for the management of patients with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma. Cancer Treat. Report 70:1431-1432, 1986.
 
53) Winkler K, Beron G, Kotz R, et al:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma:Results of a cooperative German Austrian study. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:617-624, 1984.
PubMed
54) Winkler K, Beron G, Dellinger G, et al:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy of osteosarcoma:Results of a randomized cooperative trial(COSS-82) with salvage chemotherapy based on histological tumor response. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:329-337, 1988.
 
55) Winkler K, Bielack S, Dellinger G, et al:Effect of intraarterial versus intravenous cisplatin in addition to systemic doxorubicin, high-dose methotrexate, and ifosfamide on histologic tumor response in osteosarcoma(study COSS-86) . Cancer 66:1703-1710, 1990.
 
56) Bacci G, Picci P, Gitelis S, et al:The treatment of localized Ewing's sarcoma:The experience at the Istituto Orthopedic Rizzoli in 163 cases treated and without adjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer 49:1561-1570, 1982.
 
57) Bacci G, Toni A, Avella M, et al:Long-term results in 144 localized Ewing's sarcoma patients treated with combined therapy. Cancer 63:1477-1486, 1989.
PubMed
58) Burgert EO, Nesbit ME, Gehan EA, et al:Multimodal therapy for the management of nonpelvic localized Ewing's sarcoma of bone:intergroup study IESS-II:J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1514-1524, 1990.
 
59) Burdach H, Jurgen C, Peters C, et al:Myeloablative radiochemotherapy and hematopoietic stem-cell rescue in poor-prognosis Ewing's sarcoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1482-1488, 1993.
 
60) Dunst J, Sauer R, Burgers R, et al:Radiation therapy as local treatment in Ewing's sarcoma:Results of the cooperative Ewing's sarcoma studies CESS 81 and CESS 86. Cancer 67:2818-2825, 1991.
 
61) Evans R, Nesbit M, Gehan EA, et al:Multimodal therapy for the management of localized Ewing's sarcoma of pelvic and sacral bones:A report from the second intergroup study. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1173-1180, 1991.
 
62) Evans R, Nesbit M, Askin F, et al:Local recurrence rate and sites of metastases, and to relapse as a function of treatment regimen, size of primary and surgical history in 62 patients presenting with non-metastatic Ewing's sarcoma of pelvic bones. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 11:129-136, 1985.
PubMed
63) Gasparini M, Lombardi F, Gianni C, et al:Localized Ewing's sarcoma:results of integrated therapy and analysis of failures. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 17:1205-1209, 1981.
PubMed
64) Gehan EA, Nesbit ME, Burgert OE, et al:Prognostic factors in children with Ewing's sarcoma. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 56:273-278, 1981.
 
65) Glaubiger D, Makuch R, Wackenhut J, et al:Early results of current combined modarity therapy trials in Ewing's sarcoma at the NCI. Adjuvant chemotherapy of Cancer II (ed. by Jones Samon SE) . Grune and Stratton, New York, 1979, pp. 409-412.
 
66) Glaubiger DL, Makuch RW, Schwarz J:Influence of prognostic factors on survival in Ewing's sarcoma. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 56:285-288, 1981.
PubMed
67) Hayers FA, Thompson EI, Hustu KO, et al:The response of Ewing's sarcoma to sequential cyclophosphamide and adriamycin induction therapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 1:45-51, 1983.
 
68) Hayers FA, Thompson EI, Kumar M, et al:Long term survival in patients with Ewing's sarcoma relapsing after completing chemotherapy. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 15:254-256, 1987.
 
69) Jurgen H, Gobel V, Michaelis J, et al:Die cooperative Ewing-Sarkom Studie CESS 81 der GPO-Analyse nach 4 Jaren, Klin Padiatr 197:225-232, 1985.
 
70) Jurgen H, Exner U, Grander H, et al:Multidiscliplinary treatment of primary Ewing's sarcoma of bone. Cancer 61:23-32, 1988.
 
71) Kinsella T, Miser JS, Waller B, et al:Long-term follow-up of Ewing's sarcoma of bone treated with combined modality therapy. Int. J. Radiation Oncol. Biol. Phys. 20:389-395, 1991.
 
72) Kinsella TJ, Glaubiger D, Disseroth A, et al:Intensive combined modality therapy including low-dose TBI in high-risk Ewing's sarcoma patients. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Phys. 9:1955-1960, 1983.
 
73) Mendenhall CM, Marcus RB, Enneking WF, et al:The prognostic significance of soft tissue extension in Ewing's sarcoma. Cancer 51:913-917, 1983.
PubMed
74) Miser JS, Kinsella TJ, Triche TJ, et al:Preliminary results of treatment of Ewing's sarcoma of bone in children and young adults:Six months of intensive combined modarity therapy without maintenance. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:484-490, 1988.
 
75) Miser JS, Kinsella TJ, Triche TJ, et al:Treatment of peripheral neuroepithelioma in children and young adults. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1752-1758, 1987.
 
76) Nascimento AG:Clinicopathologic study of 20 cases of large-cell (atypical) Ewing's sarcoma of bone. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 4:29-36, 1980.
PubMed
77) Nesbit M, Gehan EA, Burgert O, et al:Multimodal therapy for the management of primary, nonmetastatic Ewing's sarcoma of bone:A long follow-up of the first intergroup study. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1664-1674, 1990.
 
78) Oberlin O, Patte C, Demeocq F, et al:The response to initial chemotherapy as a prognostic factor in localized Ewing's sarcoma. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 21:463-467, 1985.
PubMed
79) Oberlin O, Habrand JL, Zucker M, et al:No benefit of ifosfamide in Ewing's sarcoma:A randomized study of the French Society of pediatric oncology. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1407-1412, 1992.
 
80) Picci P, Rougraff BT, Bacci G, et al:Prognostic significance of histopathologic response to chemotherapy in nonmetastatic Ewing, s sarcoma of the extremities. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1763-1769, 1993.
PubMed
81) Pomeroy TC, Johnson RE:Prognostic factors for survival in Ewing's sarcoma. Am. J. Roent-genol Radium Ther. Nucl. Med. 123:598-606, 1975.
 
82) Rosen G, Caparros B, Nirenberg A, et al:Ewing's sarcoma. Ten year experience with adjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer 47:2204-2213, 1981.
PubMed
83) Wilkins R, Douglas MS, Pritchard J, et al:Ewing's sarcoma of bone:Experience with 140 patients. Cancer 58:2551-2555, 1986.
 
84) Zucker JM, Henry-Amar M, Sarrazin D, et al:Intensive systemic chemotherapy in localized Ewing's sarcoma in childhood. A historical trials. Cancer 52:415-423, 1983.
PubMed
85) Erickson U, Helmstedt A:Limb-saving radical resection of chondrosarcoma of the pelvis. Case report. J. Bone Joint Surg. (Am) 58:568-570, 1976.
 
86) Hudson TM, Manaster BJ, Springfield DS, et al:Radiology of medullary chondrosarcoma:preoperative treatment planning. Skeletal Radiol. 10:69-78, 1983.
PubMed
87) Huvos AG:Bone tumors:diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, 2nd Ed. WB. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1991, pp. 368-373.
 
88) Grigorova TM:Immediate and late results secondary to the treatments of pelvic bones chondrosarcoma. Sov. Med. 38:101-105, 1975.
 
89) Kaufman JH, Douglass HO, Blake W, et al:The importance of initial presentation and treatment upon the surgical of patients with chondrosarcoma. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 145:357-363, 1977.
PubMed
90) Kuakoski A, Koodziejski T, Ruka W:Surgical treatment of chondrosarcoma of the shoulder girdle and pelvic bone with preservation of limb function(report of 3 cases) . Nowotwory 34:283-289, 1984.
 
91) 森 茂樹, 吉川秀樹・他:転移性骨盤腫瘍に対する外科的治療. 中部日本整形災害外科学会雑誌38:199, 1995.
 
92) Marcove RC, Mike V, Hutter RVP, et al:Chondrosarcoma of the pelvis and upper end of the femur. An analysis of factors influencing survival time in 113 cases. J. Bone Joint Surg. (Am) . 54:561-572, 1972.
 
93) Steel HH:Partial or complete resection of the hemipelvis. An alternative hindquater amputation for periacetabular chondrosarcoma of the pelvis. J. Bone Joint Surg. (Am) . 60:719-730, 1978.
PubMed
94) Sim Fh, Bowman WE:Limb salvage in Pelvic tumors. In Current concept of diagnosis and treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors (ed. by Uhthoff HK) , Spring-Verlag, Berlin, 1984, pp. 367-372.
 
96) Huvos AG:Bone tumors:Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. 2nd Ed. Philadelphia, London, Toronto, W. B. Saunders Co., 1991, pp. 514-517.
 
97) Shuman LS, Chuang VP, Wallance S, et al:Intra-arterial chemotherapy of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the pelvis. Radiology 142:343-346, 1982.
 
98) Urban Ch, Rosen G, Huvos AG, et al:Chemotherapy of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone. Cancer 51:795-802, 1983.
 
99) Abbatucci JS, Boulier N, DE Ranieri J, et al:Local control and survival in soft tissue sarcomas of the limbs, trunk walls and head and neck:a study of 113 cases. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 12:579-586, 1986.
PubMed
100) Antman K, Ryan L, Borden E, et al:Pooled results from three randomized adjuvant studies of doxorubicin versus observation in soft tissue sarcoma:10 year results and review of literature. In Adjuvant Therapy of Cancer VI(ed. by Salmon SE) , PA, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1990, pp. 529-543.
 
101) Antman K, Crowley J, Balcerzak SP, et al:An intergroup phase III randomized study of doxorubicin and dacarbazine with or without ifosfamide and mesna in advanced soft tissue and bone sarcoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1276-1285, 1993.
PubMed
102) Alvegard TA, Sigurdsson H, Mouridsen H. et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin in high grade soft tissue sarcoma:A randomized trial of the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1504-1513, 1989.
 
103) Baker L, Benjamin R, Fine G, et al:Combination chemotherapy in management of disseminated soft tissue sarcomas. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 20:378, 1979.
 
104) Baker AR, Chang AE, Glastein E, et al:National Cancer institute experience in the management of high grade extremity soft tissue sarcoma. In Recent concepts in Sarcoma Treatment (ed. by Ryan JR, Baker LO) , Kluwer Academic, Dordecht, the Netherlands, 1988, pp. 123-129.
 
105) Baker LH:Adjuvant Chemotherapy for soft tissue sarcomas. In Recent concepts in Sarcoma Treatment (ed. by Ryan JR, Baker LO) . Dordecht, the Netherlands, Kluwer Academic, 1988, pp. 131-138.
 
106) Benjamin RS, Terjanian TO, Genoglio CJ, et al:The importance of combination chemotherapy for adjuvant treatment of high risk patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities. In Adjuvant Therapy of Cancer V (ed. by Salmon SE) , Grune & Stratton, New York, NY, 1987, pp. 735-744.
 
107) Borden EC, Amato D, Rosenbaum C, et al:Randomized compartison of three adriamycin regimens for treatment of metastatic soft tissue sarcomas. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:840-850, 1987.
PubMed
108) Bramwell V, Mouridsen HT, Santoro A, et al:Cyclophosphamide vs ifosfamide and mesna:Final report of a randomized phase II trial in adult soft tissue sarcoma. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 7:126-131, 1989.
 
109) Bramwell BV, Rouesse J, Steward W, et al:Adjuvant CYVADIC chemotherapy for adult soft tissue sarcoma-Reduced local recurrence but no improvement in survival;A study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of cancer soft tissue and bone sarcoma group. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1137-1149, 1994.
 
110) Brennan MF, Hikaris B, Shiu MH, et al:Local recurrence in adult soft-tissue sarcoma. A randomized trial of brachytherapy. Arch. Surg. 122:1289-1293, 1987.
 
111) Bui NB, Maree D, Coindre JM, et al:First results of a prospective randomized study of CYVADIC adjuvant chemotherapy in adults with operable high risk soft tissue sarcoma. Proc. ASCO 8:318, 1989.
 
112) Denton JW, Dunham WK, Salter M, et al:Preoperative regional chemotherapy and rapidfraction irradiation for sarcomas of the soft tissue and bone. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 158:545-551, 1984.
PubMed
113) Edmonson JH, Fleming TR, Ivans JC, et al:A randomized study of systemic chemotherapy following complete excision of nonosseous sarcoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:1390-1396, 1984.
 
114) Edmonson JH, Ryan LM, Blum RH, et al:Randomized comparison of doxorubicin alone versus ifosfamide plus doxorubicin or mitomycin, doxorubicin, and cisplatin against advanced soft tissue sarcomas. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1269-1275, 1993.
PubMed
115) Eileber FR, Mirra J, Eckart J, et al:Intraarterial adriamycin, radiation therapy, and surgical excision for extremity skeletal and soft tissue sarcomas. Dev. Oncol. 26:141-152, 1984.
 
116) Eilber FR, Guiliano AE, Huth JF, et al:A randomized prospective trial using post-chemotherapy (Adriamycin) in high grade extreity soft-tissue sarcoma. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:39-45, 1988.
 
117) Hoekstra HJ, Koops SH, Molenaar WM, et al:A combination of intraarterial chemotherapy, preoperative and post operative radiotherapy, and surgery as limb saving treatment of primarily unresectable high-grade soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities. Cancer 63:59-62, 1989.
 
118) Gherlinzoni F, Bacci G, Picci P, et al:A randomized trial for the treatment of high grade soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities:Preliminary observations. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:552-558, 1986.
PubMed
119) Gherlizoni F, Pignatti G, Fontana M, et al:Soft tissue sarcomas:The experience at the Istituto Ortopedic Rizzoli. Chir. Organi. Mov. 75:150-154, 1990.
 
120) Goodnight JE, Bargar WL, Voegeli T, et al:Limb-sparing surgery for extremity sarcomas after radiation therapy. Am. J. Surg. 150:109-113, 1985.
PubMed
121) Gottlieb JA, Baker LH, Quagliana JM, et al:Chemotherapy of sarcomas with a combination of Adriamycin and diethyl triazeno imidazole-carboxamine. Cancer 30:1632-1638, 1972.
 
122) Karakousis CP, Emrich LJ, Rao U, et al:Feasibity of limb salvage and survival in soft tissue sarcomas. Cancer 57:484-491, 1986.
 
123) Mantravadi RV, Trippon MJ, Patel MK, et al:Limb salvage in extremity soft-tissue sarcoma:combined modality therapy. Radiology 152:523-526, 1984.
PubMed
124) Omura GA, Major Fj, Blessing JA, et al:A randomized study of adriamycin with and without dimethyletriazo imidazole carboxamine in advanced uterine sarcomas. Cancer 52:626-632, 1983.
 
125) Picci P, Bacci G, Gherlizoni F, et al:Results of a randomized trial for a treatment of localized soft tissue tumors of the extremities in adult patients. In Recent concepts in Sarcoma Treatment (ed. by Ryan JR, Baker LO) . Kluwer Academic, Dordecht, the Netherlands, 1988, pp. 144-155.
 
126) Pinedo HM, Bramwell VH, Mouridsen HT, et al:Cyvadic in advanced soft tissue sarcoma:A randomized study comparing two schedules. Cancer 53:1825-1832, 1984.
PubMed
127) Pisters PWT, Harrison LB, Woodruff JM, et al:A prospective randomized trial of adjuvant brachytherapy in the management of low-grade soft tissue sarcomas of the extremity and superficial trunk. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1150-1155, 1994.
 
128) Ravaud A, Bui NB, Coindre JM, et al:Adjuvant chemotherapy with CYVADIC in high risk soft tissue sarcoma:A randomized prospective trial. In Adjuvant Terapy of Caner VI(ed. by Salmon SE) , Grune & Stratton, New York, NY, 1990, pp. 556-566.
 
129) Rosenberg SA, Tepper J, Glatstein E, et al:The treatment of soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities:Prospective randomized evaluations of (1) limb-sparing surgery plus radiation therapy compared with amputation and (2) the role of adjuvant chemotherapy. Ann. Surg. 196:305-315, 1982.
PubMed
130) Rosenberg SA:Adjuvant chemotherapy of adult patients with soft tissue sarcoma. In Important Advances in Oncology(ed. by DeVita V, Hellman S, Rosenberg S) , Lippincott, Philadelphia, PA, 1985, pp. 273-294.
 
131) Santoro J, Mouridsen HT, Steward W:A randomized EORTC study in advanced soft tissue sarcomas:ADM vs ADM+IFOS vs CYVADIC. Proc. ASCO 9:309, 1990.
 
132) Schoenfeld DA, Rosenbaum C, Horton J, et al:A comparison of adriamycin versus vincristine and adriamycin and cyclophosphamide versus vincristine actinomycin-D and cyclophosphamide for advanced sarcoma. Cancer 50:2757-2762, 1982.
 
133) 整形外科・病理 悪性軟部腫瘍取り扱い規約, 第2版. 日本整形外科学会, 骨軟部腫瘍委員会編, 金原出版, 東京, 1989, pp. 59-67.
 
134) Wilson RE, Wood WC, Lerner HL, et al:Doxorubicin Chemotherapy in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma:Combinated results of two randomized trials. Arch. Surg. 121:1354-1359, 1986.
PubMed

40. メラノーマ・皮膚がん

P.945 掲載の参考文献
1) 斎田俊明:発癌機構論と皮膚の悪性腫瘍. 皮膚臨床 32:577-583, 1990.
 
2) 石原和之, 池田重雄, 森 俊二:皮膚悪性腫瘍の診断と治療指針ならびに全国アンケートの集計. Skin Cancer 9:7-12, 1994.
 
3) 斎田俊明:悪性上皮性皮膚腫瘍概説. 信州医誌36:599-605, 1988.
 
4) 斎田俊明:皮膚悪性黒色腫の診断と治療 Skin Cancer 8:161-186, 1993.
 
5) Johnson TM, Smith JW, Nelson BR, et al:Current therapy for cutaneous melanoma. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 32:687-707, 1995.
 
6) 石原和之:悪性黒色腫:全国アンケートの集計と説明. Skin Cancer 9:52-68, 1994.
 
7) Clark WH, Goldman LI, Mastrangelo MJ:Human Malignant Melanoma. Grune & Stratton, New York, 1979.
 
8) 斎田俊明:悪性黒色腫の診断と治療. 皮膚臨床 30:7-18, 1988.
 
9) Ho VC, Sober AJ:Therapy for cutaneous melanoma:an update J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 22:159-176, 1990.
PubMed
10) Breslow A:Thickness, cross-sectional areas, and depth of invasion in the prognosis of cutaneous melanoma. Ann. Surg. 172:902-908, 1970.
PubMed
11) NIH Congress Statement:NIH consensus development conference. Jan. 27-29, 1992.
PubMed
12) Maize JC, Ackerman AB:Pigmented Lesions of the Skin. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1987.
 
13) Saida T:The concept of de novo origin of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Eur. J. Dermatol. 4:252-254, 1994.
 
14) Clark WH, Elder DE, Guerry D, et al:A study of tumor progression:the precursor lesions of superficial spreading and nodular melanoma. Hum. Pathol. 15:1147-1165, 1984.
PubMed
15) Ackerman AB:What naevus is dysplastic, a syndrome and the commonest precursor of malignant melanoma? Histopathology 13:241-256, 1988.
PubMed
16) Saida T:Malignant melanoma in situ on the sole of the foot:its clinical and histopathologic characteristics. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 11:124-130, 1989.
PubMed
17) 斎田俊明:Spitz nevus:組織像の多様性と悪性黒色腫との鑑別. 病理と臨床 10:788-795, 1992.
 
18) Balch CM, Houghton AN, Milton GW, et al:Cutaneous Melanoma, 2nd Ed. J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1992.
 
19) Saida T, Ohshima Y:Clinical and histopathologic characteristics of early lesions of subungual malignant melanoma. Cancer 63:556-560, 1989.
PubMed
20) 山本明史:悪性黒色腫に対するフェロン・DAV併用療法. 日皮会誌 103:1591-1594, 1993.
 
21) Merimski O, Inbar M, Gerard B, et al:Fotemustine:an advance in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma. Melanoma Res. 2:401-406, 1992.
 
22) Khayat D, Borel C, Tourani JM, et al:Sequential chemoimmunotherapy with cisplatin, interleukin-2, and interferonα-2 a for metastatic melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2173-2180, 1993.
 
23) Buzaid AC, Legha SS:Combination of chemotherapy with interleukin-2 and interferonα for the treatment of advanced melanoma. Semin. Oncol. 21:23-28, 1994.
 
24) Kawakami Y, Eliyahn S, Delgado CH, et al:Identification of a human melanoma antigen recognized by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes associated with in vivo tumor regression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:6458-6462, 1994.
PubMed
25) Horikoshi T, Ito S:Serum 5-S-cysteinyldopa as a marker of melanoma progression. J. Dermatol. 19:809-813, 1992.
 
26) Schreiber MM:Exposure to sunlight:effects on the skin. Comprehen. Ther. 12:38-42, 1986.
 
27) 斎田俊明:有棘細胞癌の診断と治療指針. Skin Cancer 9:69-72, 1994.
 
28) Hodak E, Jones RE, Ackerman AB:Solitary keratoacanthoma is a squamous cell carcinoma:three examples with metastases. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 15:332-342, 1993.
PubMed
29) Ikegawa S, Saida T, Takizawa Y, et al:Vimentin-positive squamous cell carcinoma arising in a burn scar:a highly malignant neoplasm composed of acantholytic round keratinocytes. Arch. Dermatol. 125:1672-1676, 1989.
 
30) Saida T, Okabe Y, Uhara H:Bowen's disease with invasive carcinoma showing sweat gland differentiation. J. Cutan. Pathol. 16:222-226, 1989.
PubMed
31) 斎田俊明, 池川修一:皮膚癌の手術原則. 皮膚臨床32:1663-1667, 1990.
 
32) Friedman RJ, Rigel DS, Kopf AW, et al:Cancer of the Skin. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1991.
 
33) 池田重雄, 鈴木 正, 清原祥夫・他:皮膚扁平上皮癌 (有棘細胞癌) の診断と治療. Skin Cancer 8:151-160, 1993.
 
34) 小野友道:基底細胞癌の診断と治療指針. Skin Cancer 9:78-80, 1994.
 
35) Ackerman AB, de Viragh PA, Chongchitnant N:Neoplasms with Follicular Differentiation. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1993.
 
36) 大原國章, 大西泰彦, 川端康浩:乳房外 Paget 病の診断と治療. Skin Cancer 8:187-208, 1993.
 
37) 宮本麻子, 瀧澤好廣, 久保美代子・他:乳房外 Paget 病の病期分類と予後. 臨皮 49:687-691, 1995.
 
38) 斎田俊明:汗腺系腫瘍. カラー図説皮膚腫瘍 (荒尾龍喜・他編) . 金原出版, 東京, 1992, pp. 162-190.
 
39) 斎田俊明, 松本祥代:外毛根鞘癌の疾患概念をめぐって:malignant trichilemmoma を中心に. 皮膚臨床 37:509-515, 1995.
 
40) Ratner D, Nelson BR, Brown MD, et al:Merkel cell carcinoma. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 29:143-156, 1993.
PubMed
41) 江良幸三, 宮國 均, 中房淳司・他:老人頭皮の脈管肉腫の診断と治療 Skin Cancer 8:224-233, 1993.
 
42) 中嶋 弘:菌状息肉症の診断と治療指針. Skin Cancer 9:84-87, 1994.
 
43) 斎田俊明:皮膚癌, 第24回日本医学会総会会誌 I (和田義郎・他編) , 1995, pp. 458-459.
 

41. 脳腫瘍

P.963 掲載の参考文献
1) 脳腫瘍取扱い規約;臨床と病理カラーアトラス:金原出版, 脳腫瘍全国統計委員会, 日本病理学会 糸扁) , 1995, pp. 1-72.
 
2) 久保田紀彦:新 WHO 脳腫瘍分類の改良点と問題点. 脳神経外科23 (2) :97-110, 1995.
 
3) Walker MD, Green SB, Byer DP, et al:Randomized comparisons of radiotherapy and nitrosoureas for the treatment of malignant glioma after surgery. N. Engl. J. Med. 303:1323-1329, 1980.
 
4) Walker MD, Strike TA:An evaluation of methyl-CCNU, BCNU and radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant glioma. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 17:163-168, 1976.
 
5) Kornblith PL, Walker MD:Chemotherapy for malignant gliomas. J. Neurosurg. 68:1-17, 1988.
 
6) Takakura K, Abe H, Tanaka R, et al:Effects of ACNU and radiotherapy on malignant gliomas. J. Neurosurg. 64:53-57, 1986.
PubMed
7) 片倉隆一, 桜井芳明, 吉本高志:悪性グリオーマにおける放射線・化学療法を中心とした治療の現 状. Jpn. J. Neurosurg. (Tokyo) 1:100-109, 1992
 
8) Nagai M, Arai T:Clinical effect of interferon in malignant brain tumours. Neurosurg. Rev. 7:55-64, 1984.
PubMed
9) Yamamoto SH, Tanaka T, Kanamori M, et al:In vitro studies on potentiation of cytotoxic effect on anticancer drugs by interferon on a human neoplastic cell. Cancer Lett. 20:131-138, 1983.
 
10) 吉田 純, 若林俊彦, 加藤恭三・他:悪性脳腫瘍に対するHuIFN-βと ACNU併用療法の有効性. 癌と化学療法13:Part-I, 520-524, 1986.
 
11) Yoshida J, Kajita T, Wakabayashi T, et al:Long-term follow-up results of 175 patients with malignant glioma:Importance of radical tumour resection and postoperative adjuvant therapy with interferon, ACNU and radiation. Acta. Neurochir. (wien) 127:55-59, 1994.
 
12) 若林俊彦, 吉田 純:脳腫瘍の集学的治療癌の臨床40 (11) :1089-1094, 1994.
 
13) Wakabayashi T, Yoshida J, Mizuno M, et al:Effectiveness of interferon-β, ACNU, and radiation therapy in pediatric patients with brainstem glioma. Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) 32:942-946, 1992.
 
14) 若林俊彦, 吉田 純:悪性脳腫瘍の放射線治療に対するACNU, インターフェロン併用療法の有効性. BIOTHERAPY 4:1264-1269, 1990.
 
15) Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD, Coffey RJ, et al:Stereotactic radiosurgery of meningiomas. J. Neurosurg. 74:552-559, 1991.
PubMed
16) 山下純宏, 山嶋哲盛:髄膜腫. 脳神経外科 17:703-711, 1989.
 
17) Maxwell M, Galanopoulos T, Neville-Golden J, et al:Expression of androgen and progesteron receptors in primary human meningiomas. J. Neurosurg. 78:456-462, 1993.
PubMed
18) 久保長生:髄膜腫の臨床:第13回日本脳腫瘍病理研究会教育セミナーテキスト1994, pp. 18-25.
 
19) Saito K, Kuwayama A, Yamamoto N, et al:The transsphenoidal removal of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas with suprasellar extensions:The open sella method and intentionally staged operation. Neurosurgery 36 (4) :668-676, 1995.
PubMed
20) Rahn T, Thoren M, Hall K, et al:Stereotactic radiosurgery in Cushing's disease. Acute radiation effects. Surg. Neurol. 14:85-90, 1980.
PubMed
21) Kuwayama A, Kabeyama N, Nakane T, et al:Anterior pituitary function after transs-phenoidal selective adenomectomy in patients with Cushing's disease. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 53:165-173, 1981.
 
22) Kageyama N, Kuwayama A, Takahashi T, et al:Diagnosis, treatment and postoperative results of Cushing's disease. Neurosurg. Rev. 8:177-183, 1985.
PubMed
23) Menon AG, Gusella JF, Seizinger BR:Progress toward the isolation and characterization of the genes causing neurofibromatosis. Brain Pathology 1:33-40, 1990.
PubMed
24) Ebersold MJ, Harner SG, Beatty CW, et al:Current results of the retrosigmoid approach to acoustic neurinoma. J. Neurosurg. 76:901-909, 1992.
PubMed
25) Yoshida J, Shitara N, Takakura K, et al:A statistical study of central neurofibromatosis in Japan. Tuberous sclerosis and neurofibromatosis. epidemiology, pathophysiology, biology and management. In:eds. by Ishibashi Y, Mori Y, Elservier Science Publishers B. V. 1990, pp. 315-321.
 
26) Flickinger JC, Lunsford LD, Linskey ME, et al:Gamma knife radiosurgery for acoustic tumors:multivariate analysis of four year results. Radiother. Oncol. 27:91-98, 1993.
PubMed
27) Lunsford LD:Stereotactic treatment of craniopharyngiomas. Intracavitary Irradiation and Radiosurgery 11:1-15, 1989.
 
28) Kobayashi T, Kageyama N, Ohara K:Internal irradiation for cystic craniopharyngioma. J. Neurosurg. 55:896-903, 1981.
PubMed
29) Kobayashi T:Recent progress in the treatment of craniopharyngioma. Neurosurgeons 3:101-112, 1984.
 
30) Ushio Y, Arita N, Hayakawa T, et al:Chemotherpay of brain metastases from lung carcinoma:A controlled randomized study. Neurosurgery 28:201-205, 1991.
 
31) 野村和弘. 転移性脳腫瘍. 脳神経外科18 (59) :407-411, 1990.
 
32) Coffey RJ, Flickinger JC, Bissonette DJ, et al:Radiosurgery for solitary brain metastases using the cobalt-60 gamma unit:methods and results in 24 patients. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 20:1287-1892, 1991.
PubMed
33) 松谷雅生, 佐野圭司, 高倉公朋・他:頭蓋内germ cell tumors. Neurosurgeons 3:83-100, 1984.
 
34) Teilum G:Classification of endodermal sinus tumor (mesoblastoma vitellium) and so-called" embryonal carcinoma" of the ovary. Acta. Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 64:407-429, 1965.
 
35) Yoshida J, Sugita K, Kobayashi T, et al:Prognosis of intracranial germ cell tumours:effectiveness of chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide (CDDP and VP-16) . Acta. Neurochir. (Wien) 120:111-117, 1993.
PubMed
36) Kobayashi T, Yoshida J, Ishiyama J, et al:Combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide for malignant intracranial germ-cell tumours. An experimental and clinical study. J. Neurosurg. 70;676-681, 1989.
PubMed
37) 全国脳腫瘍統計委員会:Brain Tumor Registry of Japan, vol 7, 1969-1983.
 
38) Hochberg FH, Miller DC:Primary central nervous system lymphoma. Review article. J. Neurosurg. 68:835-853, 1988.
PubMed
39) Murray K, Kun L, Cox J:Primary malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system. results of treatment of 11 cases and review of the literature. J. Neurosurg. 65:600-607, 1986,
PubMed
40) Fisher RI, Gayor ER, Dahlberg S, et al:Comparison of a standard regimen (CHOP) with three intensive chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 328 (4) :1002-1006, 1993.
 
41) Craft DC, Levin VA, Edwards MS, et al:Chemotherapy of recurrent medulloblastoma with combined procarbazine, CCNU, and vincristine. J. Neurosurg. 49:589-592, 1978.
 
42) Evans AE, Jenkin RT, Sposto R, et al:The treatment of medulloblastoma. J. Neurosurg. 72:572-582, 1990.
PubMed
43) Ater JL, et al:Abstract of 4th international symposium on pediatric neuro-oncology. Nov, 14-16, 1991, Tokyo.
 
44) Sure U, Berghorn WJ, Bertalanffy H, et al:Staging, Scoring and Grading of medulloblastoma;A postoperative prognosis predicting system based on the cases of a single institute. Acta. Neurichirur. (Wien) 132:59-65, 1995
PubMed
45) Rorke LB:The cerebellar medulloblastoma and its relationship to primitive neuroectodermal tumors. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 42:1-15, 1983.
PubMed

42. 小児固形がん

P.989 掲載の参考文献
1) Farber S:Chemotherapy in the treatment of leukemia and Wilms' tumor. JAMA 198:826-836, 1966.
PubMed
2) Crist W, Kun LE:Common solid tumors of childhood. N. Engl. J. Med. 324:461-471, 1991.
PubMed
3) Bleyer WA:What can be learned about childhood cancer from "Cancer Statistics Review 1973-1988". Cancer (suppl.) 71 (10) :3229-, 1993.
 
4) Birch JM, Marsden HB:A classification scheme for childhood cancer. Int. J. Cancer 40:620-624, 1987.
PubMed
5) Ajiki W, Hanai A, Tsukuma H, et al:Incidence of childhood cancer in Osaka, Japan, 1971-1988:Reclassification of registered cases by Birch's scheme using information on clinical diagnosis, histology and primary site. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 85:139-146, 1994.
 
6) (財) がんの子どもを守る会, 小児がん全国登録委員会, 5年報1979-1983.
 
7) Young JL Jr, Ries LG, Silverberg E, et al:Cancer incidence, survival, and mortality for children younger than age 15 years. Cancer 58:598-602, 1986.
PubMed
8) Parkin DM, Stiller CA, Draper GJ, et al (eds) :"International incidence of childhood cancer, "IARC Scientific Publications No. 87, IARC, Lyon, 1988.
 
9) Miller RW, Fraumeni JF Jr, Manning MD:Association of Wilms' tumor with aniridia, hemi-hypertrophy and other congenital malformations. N. Engl. J. Med. 270:922-927, 1964.
 
10) Knudson AG Jr:Hereditary cancer, oncogenes and antioncogenes. Cancer Res. 45:1437-1443, 1985.
PubMed
11) 恒松由記子:小児がん臨床遺伝学とがん家系症候群. 日小血会誌9 (6) :395-403, 1995.
 
12) 渡辺 昌, 恒松由記子:遺伝子の異常に基づくがん予防. 遺伝子の病気としてのがん, 黒木登志夫 他編メジカルレビュー社, 東京, pp. 223-230.
 
13) 恒松由記子:子どものがん. 家庭の医学, 保健同人社, 東京, 1994, pp. 752-758.
 
14) Pinkerton CR, Cushing P, Sepion B:3. Making a clinical and pathological diagnosis. Childhood Cancer Management. A Practical Handbook, 1994, pp. 13-27.
 
15) Pizzo PA, Poplack DG (eds) :Chapter 6-Clinical assessment and differential diagnosis of the child with suspected cancer. Priciple and Practice of Pediatric Oncology (2 nd ed.) , 1993, pp. 105-114.
 
16) The same as above:Chapter 7-Pathology of pediatric malignancies. pp. 115-152, 1993
 
17) The same as above:Chapter 8-Imaging studies in the diagnosis of pediatric malignancies. 1993, pp. 153-178.
 
18) 金子安比古:小児固形腫瘍の染色体異常. 臨床病理38:1047-1052, 1990.
 
19) Pizzo P A, Poplack DG (eds) :Chapter 13-Special considerations for the infant with cancer. Principle and Practice of Pediatric Oncology (2nd ed.) , 1993, pp. 303-314.
 
20) 恒松由記子, 塙 嘉之, 藤本孟男・他:各種抗悪性腫瘍剤投与による悪心・嘔吐に対するOndansetron注射液の制吐効果と安全性の検討-小児領域での検討-. 小児科診療57 (10) :1871-1887, 1994.
 
21) 恒松由記子, 東山由実, 守山由恵:小児がん患者へのがん告知とインフォームド・コンセント. 特集 小児治療における告知とインフォームド・コンセントの実際. 小児内科26 (4) :567-571, 1994.
 
22) Convention on the Rights of the Child., 1989.
 
23) Meadows AT, Black B, Nesbit ME, et al:Long-term survival. Clinical care, Research and Education. Cancer (suppl.) 71 (10) :3213-3215, 1993.
 
24) Meister LA, Meadows AT:Late effects of childhood cancer therapy. Curr. Probl. Pediatr. 1993, pp. 102-131.
 
25) Tsunematsu, Y, Watanabe S:Multiple primary malignancies in childhood cancer patients in Japan in cancer chemotherapy:Challenges for the future, Vol. 4 Kimura, L., et al. (eds.) . Excerpta Medica, Tokyo, 1989, pp. 214-219.
 
26) 恒松由記子:小児悪性腫瘍の晩期障害と二次発癌. 小児医学の進歩'91B. 新小児医学体系. 中山書店, 東京, 1991, pp. 279-293.
 
27) Green DM:Effects of treatment for childhood cancer on vital organ systems. Cancer (suppl.) 71 (10) :3299-3305, 1993.
 
28) Neglia Jp, Nesbit Jr, ME:Care and treatment of long-term survivors of childhood cancer. Cancer (Suppl.) 71 (10) :3386-3391, 1993.
 
29) Nicholson HS, Byrne J:Fertility and pregnancy after treatment for cancer during childhood or adolescence. Cancer (Suppl.) 71 (10) :3392-3399, 1993.
 
30) Strong LC:Genetic implications for long-term survivors of childhood cancer. Cancer (suppl.) 71 (10) :3435-3440, 1993.
 
31) Whittam EH:Terminal care of the dying child:psychosocial implications of care. Cancer (Suppl.) 71 (10) :3450-3462, 1993.
 
32) 日本小児外科学会悪性腫瘍委員会:小児の外科的悪性腫瘍の予後調査結果の報告. 日小外会誌21:1222-1251, 1985.
 
33) Bessho F, et al:Mass screening in Japan increased the detection of infants with neuroblastoma without a decrease in cases in older children. J. Pediatr. 119:237-241, 1991.
 
34) Brodeur GM, et al:Neuroblastoma. Effect of genetic factors on prognosis and treatment. Cancer 70 (6 Suppl.) :1685-1694, 1992.
 
35) Shimada H, Chatten J, Newton WA Jr, et al:Histopathologic prognostic factors in neuroblastic tumors:Definition of subtypes of ganglioneuroblastoma and an age-linked classification of neuroblastomas. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 73:405-416, 1984.
 
36) Brodeur GM, et al:International criteria for diagnosis, staging and response to treatment in patients with neuroblastoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1874-1881, 1988.
PubMed
37) Brodeur GM, et al:Revisions of the international criteria for neuroblastoma diagnosis, staging and response to treatment. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1466-1477, 1993.
PubMed
38) Nakagawara A, Arima-Nakagawara M, Scavarda NJ, et al:Association between high levels of expression of the TRK gene and favorable outcome in human neuroblastoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 328:847-854, 1993.
PubMed
39) Silber JH, Evans AE, Fridman M:Models to predict outcome from childhood neuroblastoma:the role of serum ferritin and tumor histology. Cancer Res. 51:1426-1433, 1991.
PubMed
40) Brodeur GM, Castleberry RP:Neuroblastoma. In Pizzo PA, Poplack DG (eds) :Principles and Practice of Pediatric Oncology. Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 739-767.
 
41) Haase GM, O'Leary MC, Ramsay NK, et al:Aggressive surgery combined with intensive chemotherapy improves survival in poor-risk neuroblastoma. J. Pediatr. Surg. 26:1119-1124, 1991.
PubMed
42) Kushner BH, LaQuaglia MP, Bonilla MA, et al, :Highly effective induction therapy for stage 4 neuroblastoma in children over 1 year of age. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2607-2613, 1994.
 
43) Shafford EA, Rogers DW, Pritchard J:Advanced neuroblastoma:Improved response rate using a multiagent regimen (OPEC) including seuential cisplatin and VM-26. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:742-747, 1984.
 
44) Sawaguchi S, et al:Treatment of advanced neuroblastoma with emphasis on intensive induction chemotherapy:A report from the study group of Japan. Cancer 66:1879-1887, 1990.
 
45) Pritchard J, McElwain TJ, Graham-Pole J:High dose melphalan with autologous marrow for treatment of advanced neuroblastoma. Br. J. Cancer 45:86-94, 1982.
PubMed
46) Dini G, Lanino E, Garaventa A, et al:Myeloablative therapy and unpurged autologous bone marrow transplantation for poor-prognosis neuroblastoma:report of 34 cases. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:962-969, 1991.
 
47) Ohnuma N, Takahashi H, Kaneko M, et al:Treatment combined with bone marrow transplantation for advanced neuroblastoma:an analysis of patients who were pretreated intensively with the protocol of the Study Group of Japan. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 24:181-187, 1995.
 
48) Matthay KK, Seeger RC, Reynolds CP, et al:Allogeneic versus autologous purged bone marrow transplantation for neuroblastoma:a report from the Children's Cancer Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2382-2389, 1994.
 
49) Shuster JJ, Cantor AB, McWilliams N, et al:The prognostic significance of autologous bone marrow transplant in advanced neuroblastoma J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1045-1049, 1991.
PubMed
50) Mugishima H, Iwata M, Okabe I, et al:Autologous bone marrow transplantation in children with advanced neuroblastoma. Cancer 74:972-977, 1994.
PubMed
51) Adamson PC:Clinical and pharmacokinetic studies of all-trans-retinoic acid in pediatric patients with cancer. Leukemia 8:1813-1816, 1994.
PubMed
52) Hoefnagel CA, De Kraker J, Valdes Olmos RA, et al:131I-MIBG as a first-line treatment in high-risk neuroblastoma patients. Nucl. Med. Commun. 15:712-717, 1994.
PubMed
53) 神経芽腫委員会:神経芽腫マススクリーニングの全国集計結果. 小児がん32:103-110, 1995.
 
54) Murphy S, Corn SL, Craft AW, et al:Do children benefit from mass screening for neuroblastoma? Lancet 337:344-345, 1991.
 
55) Huddart SN, Mann JR:Screening for neuroblastoma. Arch. Dis. Child 66:1272-1274, 1991.
PubMed
56) Lemieux B, et al:The Quebec neuroblastoma screeninng program:An update. Third International Symposium on Neuroblastoma Screening. Kyoto, September, 1993.
 
57) Woods WG, Lemieux B, Leclerc JM, et al:Screening for neuroblastoma (NB) in North America:the Quebec Project. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 385:377-382, 1994.
PubMed
58) Hachitanda Y, Ishimoto K, Hata J, et al:One hundred neuroblastomas detected through a mass screening system in Japan. Cancer 74:3223-3226, 1994.
PubMed
59) 西平浩一・他:神経芽腫マススクリーニング陽性例を無治療で経過観察する基準の検討-prospectiveに長期間無治療で観察した5症例の経験から-. 日小外会誌31:126, 1995.
 
60) 金子道夫・他:進行神経芽腫の現状と問題点. 小児がん32:7-11, 1995.
 
61) Sawada T, et al:Mass screening for neuroblastoma in infants in Japan. Lancet 2:271-273, 1984.
 
62) 菊地正悟, 石本浩市, 福渡 靖・他:神経芽腫マス・スクリーニングの死亡率減少効果測定方法の考按. 日小児会誌99 (10) :1855-1858, 1995.
 
63) Green D M, Breslow NE, Evans I, et al:Effect of dose intensity of chemotherapy on the hematological toxicity of the treatment of Wilms tumor. A report from the National Wilms Tumor Study. Am. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 16:207-212, 1994.
PubMed
64) Green DM, Breslow NE, Evans I, et al:The relationship between dose schedule and charges for treatment on National Wilms Tumor Study-4. A report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (accepted)
 
65) Grundy PE, Telzerow PE, Breslow N, et al:Loss of heterozygosity for chromosomes 16q and 1p in Wilms tumors predicts an adverse outcome. Cancer Res. 54:2331-2333, 1994.
PubMed
66) Greenberg M, Burnweit C, Filler R, et al:Preoperative chemotherapy for children with Wilms' tumor. J. Pediatr. Surg. 26 (8) :949-953;discussion 953-956, 1991.
 
67) Green DM, Breslow NE, Ii Y, et al:The role of surgical excision in the management of relapsed Wilms' tumor patients with pulmonary metastases:A report from the National Wilms' Tumor Study. J. Pediatr. Surg. 26 (6) :728-733, 1991.
PubMed
68) Green DM, Breslow NE, Beckwith JB, et al:Screening of children with hemihypertrophy, aniridia, and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in patients with Wilms tumor:A report from the National Wilms Tumor Study. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 21 (3) :188-192, 1993.
PubMed
69) 金子安比古:Wilms腫瘍遺伝子とがん. CRC 1:82-89, 1992.
 
70) Hays DM, Raney RB, Wharam MD, et al:Children with vesical rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) treated by partial cystectomy with neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy, with or without radiotherapy. A report from the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) Committee. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 17 (1) :46-52, 1995.
 
71) Maurer HM, Gehan EA, Beltangady M, et al:The Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study-II. Cancer 71 (5) :1904-1922, 1993.
PubMed
72) Crist W, Gehan EA, Ragab AH, et al:The third intergroup rhabdomyosarcoma study. J. Clin. Oncol. 13 (3) :610-630, 1995.
PubMed
73) Coene IJ, Schouwenburg PF, Voute PA, et al:Rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck inchildren. Clin. Otolaryngol. 17 (4) :291-296, 1992.
 
74) Rodary C, Gehan EA, Flamant F, et al:Prognostic factors in 951 nonmetastatic rhabdomyosarcoma in children:A report from the International Rhabdomyosarcoma Workshop. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 19 (2) :89-95, 1991.
 
75) 徳田桐子, 高山 順, 大平睦郎:小児横紋筋肉腫と自家幹細胞移植. 特集 固形腫瘍治療における造血幹細胞移植の現況と問題点. 小児外科27 (10) :58-63, 1995.
 
76) Filler RM, Ehrlich PF, Greenberg ML, et al:Preoperative chemotherapy in hepatoblastoma. Surgery 110:591-597, 1991.
PubMed
77) Ninane J, Perilongo G, Stalens Jp, et al:Effectiveness and toxicity of cisplatin and doxorubicin (PLADO) in childhood hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma:A SIOP pilot study. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 19:199-203, 1991.
 
78) Urban CE, Mache CJ, Schwinger W, et al:Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver in childhood. Cancer 72:2511-2516, 1993.
PubMed
79) Ablin AR, Krailo MD, Ramsay NKC, et al:Results of treatment of malignant germ cell tumorsin 93 children:A report from the Childrens Cancer Study Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 9 (10) :1782-1792, 1991.
 
80) 熊谷昌明, 恒松由記子, 平林万紀子:小児がんの生存率の改善と長期生存の今後の問題化学療法の領域 6:756-760, 1990.
 
81) Tsunematsu Y, Watanabe S, Inoue R, et al:Multiple primary malignancies in childhood cancer. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 15:223-233, 1985.
PubMed

43. 小児白血病・リンパ腫

P.1011 掲載の参考文献
1) Ries LA G, Hankey BF, et al:Cancer statistics Review 1973-1988, Bethesda, Md.:National Institute of Health, NIH publication, No. 91:2789, 1991.
 
2) Miller RW:Persons with exceptionally high risk of leukemia. Cancer Res. 27:2420, 1967.
PubMed
3) 藤本孟男:小児白血病の治療 白血病・悪性リンパ腫 (高久史麿編) 改訂第2版, 南江堂, 東京, 1993, pp. 123-138.
 
4) Hammond GD, et al:Stratification by prognostic factors in the design and analysis of clinical trials for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematol Blood Trans. 30:161, 1987.
 
5) 藤本孟男:小児白血病治療の進歩. 日本医事新報 3500:13-25, 1991.
Medical*Online
6) Neglia J P, et al:Second neoplasms after acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. N. Engl. J. Med. 325:1330, 1991.
PubMed
7) Goldie J H, Coldman AJ:Quantitative model for multiple levels of drug resistance in clinical tumors. Cancer Treat. Rep. 67:923-931, 1983.
PubMed
8) Lampkin BC, Mauer AM, et al:Manipulation of the mitotic cycle in the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia. Br. J. Hematol. 32:29-40, 1976.
 
9) Weinstein HJ, Mayer RJ, et al:Treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia in children and adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 303:473-478, 1980.
PubMed
10) Creutzig U, Ritter J, et al:Improved treatment results in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia:a report of the Germen co-operative study AML-BFM-78. Blood 65:298-304, 1985.
 
11) Preisler H, Davis RB, et al:Comparison of three remission induction regimens and two postinduction strategies for the treatment of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia:a Cancer and Leukemia Group B study. Blood 69:1441-1449, 1987.
 
12) Wells RJ, Wood WG, et al:Impact of high dose cytarabine and asparaginase intensification on childhood acute myeloid leukemia:a report from the Children's Cancer Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:538-545, 1993.
 
13) Ritter J, Creutzig U, et al:Treatment results of three consecutive German Childhood AML trials:BFM-78, -83, and-87, Leukemia 6:59-62, 1992.
PubMed
14) Clift RA, Thomas ED, et al:The treatment of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia by allogeneic marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2:243-258, 1987.
PubMed
15) Feig SA, Lampkin B, et al:Outcome of BMT during first cmplete remission of AML:a comparison of two sequential studies by the children's Cancer Group. Bone Marrow Transplant 12:127-135, 1993.
 
16) Degos L:Is acute promyelocytic leukemia a carable disease? Treatment strategy for a longterm survival. Leukemia 8:911-913, 1994.
PubMed
17) Santana VM, Mirro J Jr, et al:2-chlorodeoxy-adenosine products a high rate of complete hematologic remission in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:364-370, 1992.
 
18) 佐々木邦明, 藤本孟男・他:小児悪性リンパ腫568例の病態と予後. 日小児会誌 91:690-700, 1987.
 
19) Donaldson S:Hodgkin's disease in children. Semin. Oncol. 17:736-748, 1990.
PubMed
20) Wollner N, Burchenal J H, et al:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 1:235-263, 1975.
PubMed
21) Weinstein HJ, Cassady JR, et al:Long-term results of the APO protocol (vincristine, doxoru. bicin, and prednisone) for treatment of mediastinal lymphoblastic lymphoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 1:537-541, 1983.
 
22) Sullivan MP, Ramirez I:Curability of Burkitt's lymphoma with high-dose cyclophosphamide, high-dose methotrexate therapy and intrathecal chemophylaxis. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:627-636, 1985.
 
23) 藤本孟男, 佐々木邦明:超大量Methotrexateの血中および髄液動態. 癌と化学療法6:105-112, 1979.
 
24) Shimizu H, Fujimoto T, et al:Improved treatment results of non-Hodgkin's Iymphoma in children:a report from the Children's Cancer and Leukemia Study Group of Japan. Int. J. Hematol. 61:85-96, 1995.
 
25) Koizumi S, Fujimoto T:Improvement in treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia:a 10-year study by the Children's Cancer and Leukemia Study Group. Jnt. J. Hematol. 59:99-112, 1994.
 
26) Bleyer WA:Principles of cancer chemotherapy in children. Cancer Bull. 44:461-469, 1992.
 
27) Smith M, Arthur D, Camitta B, et al:Uniform approach to risk classification and treatment assignment for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:8-24, 1996.
 

44. 白血病と類縁疾患

P.1035 掲載の参考文献
1) Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Stein H, et al:A revised European-American classification of lymphoid neoplasms:A proposal from the international lymphoma study group. Blood 84:1361-1392, 1994.
 
2) 朝長万左男, 栗山一孝, 市丸道人・他:原爆被害者に発生した白血病の診断と病型分類の再検討. 広島医学41:498-503, 1988.
 
3) 厚生省大臣官房統計情報部編. 人口動態統計平成5年厚生統計協会, 東京, 1995.
 
4) Bennett J M, Catovsky D, Daniel M-T, et al:Proposed revised criteria for the classification of acute myeloid leukemia. Ann. Intern. Med. 103:620-625, 1985.
PubMed
5) Bennett J M, Catovsky D, Daniel M-T, et al:Proposal for the recognition of minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukaemia (AML-MO) . Brit. J. Haematol. 78:325-329, 1991.
 
6) Catovsky D, Matutes E, Buccheri V, et al:A classification of acute leukaemia for the 1990s (Leading article) . Ann. Hematol. 62:16-21, 1991.
 
7) Skipper HE:Thoughts on cancer chemotherapy and combination modality therapy. JAMA 230:1033-1036, 1974.
PubMed
8) Simone JV:Childhood leukemia as a model for cancer research. Cancer Res. 39:4301-4307, 1979.
 
9) Rivera GK, Raimondi SC, Hancock ML, et al:Improved outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with reinforced early treatment and rotational combination chemotherapy. Lancet 337:61-66, 1991.
PubMed
10) 清水宏之, 藤本孟男:小児急性白血病治療の現状. Annual Review血液 1992:130-141, 1992.
 
11) Yamada M, et al:Minimal residual disease in childhood B-lineage lymphoblastic leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 323:448-455, 1990.
PubMed
12) Ohno R, Kobayashi T, Tanimoto M, et al:Randomized study of individualized induction therapy with or without VCR, and of maintenance/intensification therapy between 4 or 12 courses in adult acute myeloid leukemia;Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group AML-87 Study. Cancer 71:3888-3895, 1993.
 
13) 小川一誠, 太田和雄:細胞回転. 急性白血病. 金原出版, 東京, 1978, p. 77.
 
14) Kobayashi T, Miyawaki S, Tanimoto, et al:Randomized trial between behenoyl cytarabine (BH-AC) or cytarabine in combination induction and consolidation chemotherapy, and with or without ubenimex after maintenance/intensification therapy in adult acute myeloid leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:204-213, 1996.
 
15) Mayer RJ, Davis RB, Schiffer CA, et al:Intensive postremission chemotherapy in adults with acute myeloid leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 331:896-903, 1994.
PubMed
16) Berman E, Heller G, Santorsa J, et al:Results of a randomized trial comparing idarubicin and cytosine arabinoside with daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside in adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia. Blood 77:1666-1674, 1991.
PubMed
17) Pui C-H, Behm FG, Raimondi SC, et al:Secondary acute myeloid leukemia in children treated for acute lymphoid leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 321:136-142, 1989.
PubMed
18) Buchner TH, Urbanitz D, Hiddemann W, et al:Intensified induction and consolidation with or without maintenance chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) :two multicenter studies of the German AML Cooperative Group. J Clin. Oncol. 3:1583-1589, 1985.
 
19) Preisler H, Davis RB, Kirshner J, et al:Comparison of three remission induction regimens and two postinduction strategies for the treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia:a cancer and leukemia group B study. Blood 69:1441-1449, 1987.
 
20) Toronto Leukemia Study Group.:Survival in acute myeloblastic leukemia is not prolonged by remission maintenance or early reinduction chemotherapy. Leuk. Res. 12:195-200, 1988.
PubMed
21) Buchner TH, Hiddemann W, Wormann B, et al:Longterm effects of prolonged maintenance and of very early intensification chemotherapy in AML:data from AMLCG. Leukemia 6 (Suppl) :68-71, 1992.
 
22) Rees JK, Gray RG, Swirsky D, et al:Principal results of the Medical Research Council's 8th acute myeloid leukaemia trial. Lancet 2:1236-1241, 1986.
 
23) Zittoun R, Jehn U, Frere D, et al:Alternating nrepeated postremission treatment in adult acute myelogenous leukemia:a randomized phase III study (AML 6) of the EORTC leukemia cooperative group. Blood 73:896-906, 1989.
 
24) Cassileth PA, McGlave P, Harrington DP:Comparison of post remission therapy in AML:maintenance ersus intensive consolidation therapy versus allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Proc Amer. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 18:197, 1989.
 
25) Volger WR, Velez Garcia E, Weiner RS, et al:A phase III trial comparing idarubicin and daunorubicin in comparison with cytarabine in acute myelogenous leukemia:A Southeastern Cancer Study Group Study. J. Clin. Onocol. 10:1103-1111, 1992.
 
26) Wiernik PH, Banks PLC, Case Jr DC, et al:Cytarabine plus idarubicin or daunorubicin as induction and consolidation therapy for previously untreated adult patients with acute myeloid luekemia. Blood 79:313-319, 1992.
 
27) 大野竜三:成人急性リンパ性白血病の化学療法. Annual Review血液. 中外医学社, 1995 (印刷中) .
 
28) Maurer J, Janssen JWG, Thiel, et al:Detection of chemeric BCR-ABL genes in acute lymphob-lastic Ieukemia by the polymerase chain reaction. Lancet 337:1055-1058, 1991.
 
29) Sanchez-Fayos J, Outeirino J, Villalobos E, et al:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults:results of a ' total-therapy' programme in 47 patients over 15 years old. Br. J. Haematol. 59:689-696, 1985.
PubMed
30) Stryckmans P, Debusscher L:Chemotherapy of adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Baillieres Clin. Haematol. 4:115-130, 1991.
PubMed
31) Gimema Cooperative Group:GIMEMA ALL 0183:a multicentric study on adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Italy. Br J. Haematol. 71:377-386, 1989.
 
32) Hoelzer D, Thiel E, Loffler H, et al:Prognostic factors in a multicenter study for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults. Blood 71:123-131, 1988.
 
33) Nagura E, Yamada K:A controlled randomized clinical trial of adult acute leukemia. Rinsho Ketsueki 26:821-830, 1985. (in Japanese)
 
34) Hussein KK, Dahlberg S, Head D, et al:Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults with intensive induction, consolidation, and maintenance chemotherapy. Blood 73:57-63, 1989.
PubMed
35) 高橋 功, 稲垣登稔, 仲田浩之・他:成人急性リンパ性白血病の治療成績. 臨床血液30:1167-1170, 1989.
 
36) Radford JE, Burns CP, Hones MP, et al:Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia:results of the Iowa HOP-L protocol. J. Clin. Oncol. 17:58-66, 1989.
 
37) Linker CA, Levitt LJ, O'Donnell M, et al:Treatment of adult acute Iymphoblastic leukemia with intensive cyclical chemotherapy:a follow-up report. Blood 78:2814-2822, 1991.
 
38) Clarkson B, Gaynor J, Little C, et al:Importance of long-term follow-up in evaluating treatment regimens for adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematol. Blood Transf, 33:397-408, 1990.
 
39) Kantarjian HM, Walters RS, Keating MJ, et al:Results of the vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone regimen in adults with standard-and high-risk acute lymphocytic leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:994-1004, 1990.
PubMed
40) Lluesma-Gonalons M, Pavlovsky S, Santarelli MT, et al:Improved results of an intensified therapy in adult acute lymphocytic leukemia. Ann. Oncol. 2:33-39, 1991.
PubMed
41) Ellison RR, Mick R, Cuttner J, et al:The effects of postinduction intensification treatment with cytarabine and daunorubicin in adult acute lymphocytic leukemia:a prospective randomized clinical trial by Cancer and Leukemia Group B. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:2002-2015, 1991.
 
42) Tomonaga M, Omine M, Morishima Y, et al:Individualized induction therapy followed by intensive consolidation and maintenance including asparaginase in adult ALL:JALSG-ALL 87 study. Haematologica 76 (Suppl. 4) :68, 1991.
 
43) Cuttner J, Mick R, Budman DR, et al:Phase III trial of brief intensive treatment of adult acute lymphocytic leukemia comparing daunorubicin and mitoxantrone:a CALGB study. Leukemia 5:425-431, 1991.
PubMed
44) Hoelzer D, Thiel E, Ludwig WD, et al:The German multicentre trials for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults. Leukemia 6 (Suppl. 2) :175-177, 1992.
 
45) Bassan R, Battista R, Rohatiner AZS, et al:Treatment of adults acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) over a 16 year period. Leukemia 6 (Suppl 2) :186-190, 1992.
 
46) Ohno R:Current progress in the treatment of adult acute leukemia in Japan. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 22:85-97, 1993.
 
47) Oh H, Ohno R, Tanimoto M, et al:Is chemotherapy or HLA-identical sibling bone marrow transplantntaion better in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in first remission. Blood 86 (Suppl. 1) :617 a, 1995.
 
48) Horowitz MM, Messerer D, Hoelzer D, et al:Chemotherapy compared with bone marrow transplantation for adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first remission. Ann. Inter. Med. 115:13-18, 1991.
 
49) Sebban C, Lepage E, Vernant JP, et al:Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first complete remission:A comparative study. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2580-2587, 1994.
PubMed
50) Huang M, Ye Y, Chen S, et al:Use of all-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 72:567-572, 1988.
PubMed
51) Ohno R, Yoshida H, Fukutani H, et al:Multi-institutional study of all-trans retinoic acid as a differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia 7:1722-1727, 1993.
PubMed
52) Kanamaru A, Takemoto N, Animoto M, et al:All-trans retinoic acid for the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 85:1202-1206, 1995.
 
53) Degos L, Dombret H, Chomienne C, et al:All-trans-retinoic acid as a differentiating agent in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 85:2643-2653, 1995.
PubMed
54) Takeshita A, Sakamaki H, Miyawaki S, et al:Significant reduction of medical costs by differentiation therapy with all-trans retinoic acid during remission induction of newly diagnosed patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Cancer 76:602-608, 1995.
PubMed
55) 長尾 大:我が国における造血幹細胞移植例の全国集計 (1993) . 今日の移植7:93-101, 1994.
 
56) Kolb H-J, Schattenberg A, Goldman JM, et al:Graft-versus-leukemia effect of donor lymphocyte transfusions in marrow grafted patients. Blood 86:2041-2050, 1995.
PubMed
57) Ohno R, Tomonaga M, Kobayashi T, et al:Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after intensive induction therapy in relapsed or refractory acute leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 323:871-877, 1990.
PubMed
58) Ohno R, Miyawaki S, Hatake K, et al:Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) reduces the incidence and duration of febrile neutropenia and shortens the period required to finish three courses of consolidation therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) :A doubleblind controlled study. Blood 86 (Suppl. 1) :266 a, 1995.
 
59) Ohno R:G-CSF in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Is it safe? Leukemia Lymph 11 (Suppl. 2) :15-19, 1994.
 
60) Hahlmann H and the German CML study Group:Randomized comparison of busulfan and hydroxyurea in chronic myelogenous leukemia:Prolongation of survival by hydroxyurea. Blood 82:398-407, 1993.
 
61) Suzuki H, Ota K, Ohno R, et al:Recent trends in the treatment and prognosis of adult leukemia with characteristics of patients in Japan:tran-sition during the fifteen years from 1971 to 1985. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 19:338-347, 1989.
 
62) Ohnishi K, Ohno R, Tomonaga M, et al:A randomized trial comparing interferon-A with busulfan for newly diagnosed chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase. Blood 86:906-916, 1995.
PubMed
63) Kantarijan HM, Smith TL, O'Brien S, et al:Prolonged survival in chronic myelogenous leukemia after cytogenetic response to interferon-α therapy. Ann. Inter. Med. 122:254-261, 1995.
 
64) Zuffa E, et al:A prospective study of interferon alpha-2 a vs chemotherapy in chronic myeloid leukemia:Karyotipic response and survival. O roc. Amer. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 12:301, 1993.
 
65) Bennett JM, Catovsky D, Daniel MT, et al:Proposals for the classification of the myelodysplastic syndromes. Br. J. Haematol. 51:189-199, 1982.
PubMed
66) Yoshida Y, Stephenson J, Mufti GJ:Myelodysplastic syndromes from morphology to molecular biology. Part I. Classification, natural history and cell biology of myelodysplasia. Int. J. Hematol. 57:87-97, 1993.
PubMed
67) Yoshida Y, Hirashima K, Asano S, et al:A phase II trial of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the myelodysplastic syndromes. Br. J. Haematol. 78:378-384, 1991.
PubMed
68) Valagussa P, Santoro A, Fossati-Bellani F, et al:Second acute leukemia and other malignancies following treatment for Hodgkin's disease. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:830-837, 1986.
PubMed
69) Blayney DW, Longo DL, Young RC, et al:Decreasing risk of leukemia with prolonged follow-up after chemotherapy and radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 316:710-714, 1987.
PubMed
70) Kaldor JM, Day NE, Clarke EA, et al:Leukemia following Hodgkin's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:7-13, 1990.
PubMed
71) Abrahamsen JF, Andersen A, Hannisdal E, et al:Second malignancies after treatment of Hodgkin's disease:the influence of treatment, follow-up time, and age. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:255-261, 1993.
 
72) van Leeuwen FE, Klokman WJ, Hagenbeek A, et al:Second cancer risk following Hodgkin's disease:A 20-year follow-up study. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:312-325, 1994.
PubMed
73) van Leeuwen FE, Chorus AMJ, van den Belt-Dusebout AW, et al:Leukemia risk following Hodgkin's disease:relation to cumulative dose of alkylating agents, treatment with teniposide combinations, number of episodes of chemotherapy, and bone marrow damage. J. CIin. Oncol. 12:1063-1073, 1994.
 
74) Kaldor JM, Day NE, Pettersson F, et al:Leukemia following chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:1-6, 1990.
PubMed
75) 竹山邦彦, 上田龍三:本邦における治療関連白血病/MDSの病態の解析. 日本癌学会 (1995) 抄録 W19-3 C:p46, 1995.
 
76) 上田龍三:成人の難治性白血病の分子生物学的機構の解明と薬物療法の確率に関する研究. 平成5年度厚生省がん研究助成金による研究報告集, 国立がんセンター, 東京, 1995, pp. 290-298.
 

45. リンパ系腫瘍

P.1058 掲載の参考文献
1) Lukes RJ, Butler JJ, Hicks ED:Natural history of Hodgkin's disease as related to its pathologic picture. Cancer 19:317-344, 1966.
 
2) Weiss LM, Stricker JG, Warnke RA, et al:Epstein-Barr viral DNA in tissues of Hodgkin's disease. Am. J. Pathol. 129:86-91, 1987.
 
3) Weiss LM, Movahed LA, Warnke RA, et al:Detection of Epstein-Barr viral genomes in Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 320:502-506, 1989.
PubMed
4) Carbone PP, Kaplan HS, Musshoff K, et al:Report of the committee on Hodgkin's disease staging. Cancer Res. 31:1860-1861, 1971.
 
5) Mauch PM:Controversies in the management of early stage Hodgkin's disease. Blood 83:318-329, 1994.
PubMed
6) Carde P, Hagenbeek A, Hayat M, et al:Clinical staging versus laparotomy and combined modality with MOPP versus ABVD in early-stage Hodgkin's disease:The H 6 twin randomized trials from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lymphoma Cooperative Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2258-2272, 1993.
 
7) Lister TA, Crowther D, Sutcliffe SB, et al:Report of a committee convened to discuss the evaluation and staging of patients with Hodgkin's disease:Cotswolds meeting. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1630-1636, 1989.
PubMed
8) Rosenberg SA:The treatment of Hodgkin's disease. Ann. Oncol. 5 (Suppl 2) :17-21, 1994.
 
9) Specht L, Carde P, Mauch P, et al:Radiotherapy versus combined modality in early stages. Ann. Oncol. 3:77, 1992.
PubMed
10) DeVita VT Jr, Serpick AA, Carbone PP:Combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 73:881-895, 1970.
PubMed
11) Bonadonna G, Zucali R, Monfardini S, et al:Combination chemotherapy of Hodgkin's disease with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and imidazole carboxamide versus MOPP. Cancer 36:252-259, 1975.
PubMed
12) Bonadonna G, Valagussa P, Santoro A:Alternating non-cross-resistant combination chemotherapy or MOPP in stage IV Hodgkin's disease:A report of 8-year results. Ann. Intern. Med. 104:739-746, 1986.
 
13) Canellos GP, Anderson JR, Propert KJ, et al:Chemotherapy of advanced Hodgkin's disease with MOPP, ABVD, or MOPP alternating with ABVD. N. Engl. J. Med. 327:1478-1484, 1992.
PubMed
14) Poiesz BJ, Ruscetti FW, Gazdar AF, et al:Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:7415, 1980.
PubMed
15) Hinuma Y, Nagata K, Misaka M, et al:Adult T-cell leukemia:Antigen in an ATL cell line and detection of antibodies to the antigen in human sera. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:6476, 1981.
 
16) Yoshida M, Seiki M, Yamaguchi K, et al:Monoclonal integration of human T-cell leukemia provirus in all primary tumors of adult T-cell leukemia suggests causative role of human T-cell leukemia provirus in the disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:2534, 1984.
 
17) T・Bリンパ系腫瘍研究グループ:第5次成人T細胞白血病/リンパ腫 (ATL) 全国実態調査の報告-第4次全国実態調査の評価-. 癌の臨床38:405-416, 1992.
 
18) Nagai H, Kinoshita T, Imamura J, et al:Genetic alteration of p53. in some patients with adult T-cell leukemia. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 82:1421-1427, 1991.
PubMed
19) Aozasa K, Yang W-I, Lee YB, et al:Lethal midline granuloma in Seoul, Korea and Shanghai, China. Int. J. Cancer 52:673-674, 1992.
 
20) Levine AM:AIDS-related malignancies:The emerging epidemic (Review) . J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 85:1382, 1993.
PubMed
21) Cesarman E, Chang Y, Moore PS, et al:Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-related body-cavity-based lymphomas. N. Engl. J. Med. 332:1186-1191, 1995.
PubMed
22) Iuchi K, Ichimiya A, Akashi A, et al:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the pleural cavity developing from long-standing pyothorax. Cancer 60:1771-1775, 1987.
PubMed
23) Aozasa K, Ohsawa M, Iuchi K, et al:Artificial pneumothorax as a risk factor for development of pleural lymphoma. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:55-57, 1993.
PubMed
24) Fukayama M, Ibuka T, Hayashi Y, et al:Epstein-Barr virus in pyothorax-associated pleural lymphoma. Am. J. Pathol. 143:1044-1049, 1993.
PubMed
25) Sasajima Y, Yamabe H, Kobashi Y, et al:High expression of the Epstein-Barr virus latent protein EB nuclear antigen-20 on pyothorax-associated lymphomas. Am. J. Pathol. 143:1280-1285, 1993.
 
26) Dorfman RF:Classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Lancet 1:1295-1296, 1974.
PubMed
27) Lukes RJ, Collins RD:Immunologic characterization of human malignant lymphomas. Cancer 34:1488-1503, 1974.
 
28) Lennert K, Feller AC:Histopathology of the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992.
 
29) Suchi T, Tajima K, Nanba K, et al:Some problems on the histopathological diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma:A proposal of a new type. Acta Pathol. Jpn. 29:755-776, 1979.
PubMed
30) Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Pathologic Classification Project. National Cancer Institute sponsored study of classifications of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas:Summary and descriptions of a Working Formulation for clinical usage. Cancer 49:2112-2135, 1982.
PubMed
31) Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Stein H, et al:A revised European-American classification of lymphoid neoplasms:A proposal form the International Lymphoma Study Group. Blood 84:1361-1392, 1994.
 
32) Banks P, Chan J, Cleary M, et al:Mantle cell lymphoma:A proposal for unification of morphologic, immunologic, and molecular data. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 16:637, 1992.
PubMed
33) Shimoyama M, Minato K, Saito H, et al.:Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL) -like T-cell lymphoma. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 9 (Suppl 1) :347, 1979.
 
34) Tobinai K, Minato K, Ohtsu T, et al:Clinicopathologic, immunophenotypic, and immunogenotypic analyses of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphoma. Blood 72:1000-1006, 1988.
PubMed
35) Uchiyama T, Yodoi J, Sagawa K, et al:Adult T-cell leukemia:Clinical and hematologic features of 16 cases. Blood 50:481-492, 1977.
PubMed
36) Stein H, Mason D, Gerdes J, et al:The expression of the Hodgkin's disease associated antigen Ki-1 in reactive and neoplastic lymphoid tissue:Evidence that Reed-Sternberg cells and histiocytic malignancies are derived from activated lymphoid cells. Blood 66:848, 1985.
PubMed
37) Tsujimoto Y, Finger LR, Yunis J, et al:Cloning of the chromosome breakpoint of neoplastic B cell with the t (14;18) chromosome translocation. Science 226:1097, 1984.
 
38) Rosenberg C, Wong E, Petty E, et al:Overexpression of PRAD 1, a candidate BCL 1 breakpoint region oncogene, in centrocytic lymphomas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:9638, 1991.
 
39) Ye BH, Lista F, Coco FL, et al:Alterations of a zinc finger-encoding gene, BCL-6, in diffuse large cell lymphoma. Science 262:747-750, 1993.
 
40) Offit K, Coco FL, Louie DC, et al:Rearrangement of the bcl-6 gene as a prognostic marker in diffuse large-cell lymphoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 331:74-80, 1994.
 
41) Sander CA, Yano T, Clark HM, et al:p53 mutation is associated with progression in follicular lymphomas. Blood 82:1994-2004, 1993.
PubMed
42) Coco FL, Gainado G, Louie DC, et al:p53 mutations are associated with histologic transformation of follicular lymphoma. Blood 82:2289-2295, 1993.
 
43) Watanabe T, Hotta T, Ichikawa A, et al:The MDM 2 oncogene overexpression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and low-grade lymphoma of B-cell origin. Blood 84:3158-3165, 1994.
 
44) Fisher RI, Dahlberg S, Nathwani BN, et al:A clinical analysis of two indolent lymphoma entities:Mantle cell lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma (including the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and monocytoid B-cell subcategories) :A Southwest Oncology Group Study. Blood 85:1075-1082, 1995.
 
45) Jones SE, Miller TP, Connors JM:Long-term follow-up and analysis for prognostic factors for patients with limited-stage diffuse large cell lymphoma treated with initial chemotherapy with or without adjuvant radiotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1186-1191, 1989.
PubMed
46) Connors JM, Klimo P, Fairey RN, et al:Brief chemotherapy and involved field radiation therapy for limited-stage histologically aggressive lymphoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 107:25-30, 1987.
PubMed
47) Glick JH, Kim K, Earle J, et al:An ECOG randomized phase III trial of CHOP versus CHOP plus radiotherapy for intermediate grade early stage non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:391, 1995 (Abstract) .
 
48) Coltman CA, Luce JK, McKelvy EM, et al:Chemotherapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma:10 years experience in the Southwest Oncology Group. Cancer Treat. Rep. 61:1067-1078, 1977.
 
49) Shimoyama M, Ota K, Kikuchi M, et al:Chemotherapeutic results and prognostic factors of patients with advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with VEPA or VEPA-M. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:128-141, 1988.
PubMed
50) Tobinai K, Shimoyama M, Minato K, et al:Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) phase II trial of second-generation"LSG 4 Protocol"in aggressive T-and B-lymphoma:A new predictive model for T-and B-lymphoma. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:378, 1994 (Abstract) .
 
51) Shipp MA, Harrington DP, Klatt MM, et al:Identification of major prognostic subgroups of patients with large cell lymphoma treated with m-BACOD or M-BACOD. Ann. Intern. Med. 104:757-765, 1986.
PubMed
52) Klimo P, Connors JM:MACOP-B chemotherapy for the treatment of diffuse large-cell lymphoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 102:596-602, 1985.
PubMed
53) Longo DL, DeVita Jr VT, Duffey PL, et al:Superiority of ProMACE-CytaBOM over ProMACE-MOPP in the treatment of advanced diffuse aggressive lymphoma:Results of aprospective randomized trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:25-38, 1991.
 
54) Gordon LI, Harrington D, Andersen J, et al:Comparison of a second-generation combination chemotherapeutic regimen (m-BACOD) with a standard regimen (CHOP) for advanced diffusenon-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 327:1342-1349, 1992.
PubMed
55) Fisher RI, Gaynor ER, Dahlberg S, et al:Comparison of a standard regimen (CHOP) with three intensive chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 328:1002-1006, 1993.
PubMed
56) Cooper IA, Wolf MM, Robertson TI, et al:Randomized comparison of MACOP-B with CHOP in patients with intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:769-778, 1994.
PubMed
57) The International Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Prognostic Factors Project:A predictive model for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 329:987-994, 1993.
 
58) Rosenberg SA:The low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas:Challenges and opportunities. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:299-310, 1985.
PubMed
59) Horning S:Treatment approaches to the low-grade lymphomas. Blood 83:881-884, 1994.
 
60) Shimoyama M and members of the Lymphoma Study Group:Diagnostic criteria and classification of clinical subtypes of adult T-cell leukaemia-lymphoma. Br. J. Haematol. 79:428-437, 1991.
 
61) Shimoyama M, Ota K, Kikuchi M, et al:Major prognostic factors of adult patients with advanced T-cell lymphoma/leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1088-1097, 1988.
PubMed
62) Shimoyama M:Chemotherapy of ATL. In Takatsuki K (ed) . Adult T-Cell Leukemia. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1994, pp. 221-237.
 
63) Tobinai K, Shimoyama M, Tajima K, et al:Deoxycoformycin-containing combination chemotherapy for adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:390, 1995 (Abstract) .
 
64) Tsuda H, Takatsuki K, Ohno R, et al:Treatment of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma with irinotecan hydrochloride. Br. J. Cancer 70:771-774, 1994.
PubMed
65) Waldman TA, Goldman CK, Bongiovanni KF, et al:Therapy of patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus I-induced adult T-cell leukemia with anti-Tac, a monoclonal antibody to the receptor for interleukin-2. Blood 72:1805-1816, 1988.
 
66) Gill PS, Harrington W, Kaplan MH, et al:Treatment of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma with acombination of interferon alfa and zidovudine. N. Engl. J. Med. 332:1744-1748, 1995.
 
67) Edelson R, Berger C, Gasparro F, et al:Treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma by extracorporeal photochemotherapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 316:297-303, 1987.
PubMed
68) Hoppe RT, Abel EA, Deneau DG, et al:Mycosis fungoides:Management with tropical nitrogen mustard. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1796-1803, 1987.
 
69) Kuzel TM, Roenigk HH, Rosen ST:Mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome:A review of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1298-1313, 1991.
PubMed
70) Armitage JO:Bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of patients with lymphoma. Blood 73:1749-1758, 1989.
PubMed
71) Philip T, Guglielmi C, Chauvin F, et al:Autologous bone marrow transplantation versus conventional chemotherapy (DHAP) in relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma:Final analysis ofthe Parma randomized study (216 patients) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 14:390, 1995.
 
72) Linch DC, Winfield D, Goldstone AH, et al:Dose intensification with autologous bone-marrow transplantation in relapsed and resistant Hodgkin's disease:Results of a BNLI randomized trial. Lancet 341:1051-1054, 1993.
PubMed
73) Haioun C, Lepage E, Gisselbrecht C, et al:Comparison of autologous bone marrow transplantation with sequential chemotherapy for intermediate-grade and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in first complete remission:A study of 464 patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2543-2551, 1994.
PubMed
74) Verdonck LF, van Putten WLJ, Hagenbeek A, et al:Comparison of CHOP chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation for slowly responding patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 332:1045-1051, 1995.
 
75) Nademanee A, Schmidt GM, O'Donnell MR, et al:High-dose chemoradiotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation as consolidation therapy during first complete remission in adult patients with poor-risk aggressive lymphoma:A pilot study. Blood 80:1130-1134, 1992.
PubMed
76) Freedman AS, Takvorian T, Neuberg D, et al:Autologous bone marrow transplantation in poor-prognosis intermediate-grade and high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in first remission:A pilot study. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:931-936, 1993.
PubMed
77) Bennett JM, Catovsky D, Daniel M-T, et al for The French-American-British (FAB) Cooperative Group:Proposals for the classification of chronic (mature) Band T lymphoid leukaemias. J. Clin. Pathol. 42:567-584, 1989.
 
78) Cheson BD, Bennett JM, Rai KR, et al:Guidelines for clinical protocols for chroniclymphocytic leukemia;Recommendations of the National Cancer Institute-sponsored working group. Am. J. Haematol. 29:152-163, 1988.
 
79) Rai KR, Sawitsky A, Cronkite EP, et al:Clinical staging of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 46:219-234, 1975.
PubMed
80) Binet JL, Anguier A, Dighiero G, et al:A new prognostic classification of chronic lymphocytic leukemia derived from a multivariate survival analysis. Cancer 48:198-216, 1981.
PubMed
81) Trump CL, Mann RB, Phelps R, et al:Richter's syndrome:Diffuse histiocytic lymphoma in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Am. J. Med. 68:539, 1980.
 
82) French Cooperative Group on chronic lymphocytic leukemia:Effects of chlorambucil and therapeutic decision in initial forms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (stage A) :Results of a randomized clinical trial on 612 patients. Blood 75:1414, 1990.
 
83) Keating MJ, Kantarjian H, O'Brien S, et al:Fludarabine:A new agent with marked cytoreductive activity in untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:44-49, 1991.
PubMed
84) Saven A, Lemon RH, Kosty M, et al:2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine activity in patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:570-574, 1995.
PubMed
85) International workshop on chronic lymphocytic leukemia:Recommendations for diagnosis, staging, and response criteria. Ann. Intern. Med. 110:236-238, 1989.
PubMed
86) Saven A, Piro L:Newer purine analogues for the treatment of hairy-cell leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 330:691-697, 1994.
PubMed
87) Piro LD, Saven A, Ellison D, et al:Prolonged complete remissions following 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) in hairy cell leukemia. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 11:846, 1992 (Abstract) .
 
88) Grever M, Kopecky K, Foucar MK, et al:Randomized comparison of pentostatin versus interferon alfa-2 a in previously untreated patients with hairy cell leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:974-982, 1995.
PubMed

46. 多発性骨髄腫

P.1099 掲載の参考文献
1) Herrinton LJ, Weiss NS, Olshan AF:The epidemiology of myeloma. In Myeloma. Biology and Management (ed. by Malpas JS, et al) . Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1995, pp. 127-168.
 
2) 戸川 敦, 天野正道, 高久史麿:我が国の多発性骨髄腫の最近の動向. 日本医事新報3462:31-34, 1990.
 
3) Riggs JE:Increasing multiple myeloma mortality rates in the elderly:demonstration of increasing dependency with increasing age upon age group population size. Mech. Ageing Dev. 81:131-138, 1995.
PubMed
4) Kyle RA:Multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders. In Hematology. Basic principles and practice (ed. by Hoffman R, et al) . 2nd Ed, Churchill Livingstone Inc, New York, 1995, pp. 1354-1374.
 
5) Meis JM, Butler JJ, Osborne BM, et al:Solitary plasmacytomas of bone and extramedullary plasmacytomas. Cancer 59:1475-1485, 1987.
PubMed
6) Wiltshaw E:The natural history of extramedullary plasmacytoma and its relation to solitary myeloma of bone and myelomatosis. Medicine 55:217-238, 1976.
PubMed
7) Holland J, Trenkner DA, Wasserman TH, et al:Plasmacytoma. Treatment results and conversion to myeloma. Cancer 69:1513-1517, 1992.
PubMed
8) Kyle RA, Maldonado JE, Bayrd ED, et al:Plasma cell leukemia. Report on 17 cases. Arch. Int. Med. 133:813-818, 1974.
 
9) Dimopoulos MA, Palumbo A, Delasalle KB, et al:Primary plasma cell leukemia. Br. J. Haematol. 88:754-759, 1994.
PubMed
10) Kyle RA, Greipp PR:Smoldering multiple myeloma. N. Engl. J. Med. 302:1347-1349, 1980.
PubMed
11) Alexanian R:Localized and indolent myeloma. Blood 56:521-525, 1980.
PubMed
12) Malpas JS:Clinical presentation and diagnosis. In Myeloma. Biology and Management (ed. by Malpas JS, et al) . Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1995, pp. 169-190.
 
13) Facon T, Lai JL, Nataf E, et al:Improved cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow plasma cells after cytokine stimulation in multiple myeloma:A report on 46 patients. Br. J. Haematol. 84:743-745, 1993.
PubMed
14) Lai JL, Zandecki M, Mary JY, et al:Improved cytogenetics in multiple myeloma:A study of 151 patients including 117 patients at diagnosis. Blood 85:2490-2497, 1995.
PubMed
15) Smadja NV, Louvet C, Isnard F, et al:Cytogenetic study in multiple myeloma at diagnosis:comparison of two techniques. Br. J. Haematol. 90:619-624, 1995.
PubMed
16) Tesch H, Diehl V, Kube D:Molecular biology of myeloma. In Myeloma. Biology and Management (ed. by Malpas JS, et al) . Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1995, pp. 50-62.
 
17) Gould J, Alexanian R, Goodacre A, et al:Plasma cell karyotype in multiple myeloma. Blood 71:453-456, 1988.
PubMed
18) Garcia-Sanz R, Orfao A, Gonzalez M, et al:Prognostic implications of DNA aneuploidy in 156 untreated multiple myeloma patients. Br. J. Haematol. 90:106-112, 1995.
PubMed
19) Selvanayagam P, Blick M, Narni F, et al:Alteration and abnormal expression of the c-myc oncogene in human multiple myeloma. Blood 71:30-35, 1988.
 
20) Neri A, Murphy Jp, Cro L, et al:Ras oncogene mutation in multiple myeloma. J. Exp. Med. 170:1715-1725, 1989.
PubMed
21) Nobuyoshi M, Kawano M, Tanaka H, et al:Increased expression of the c-myc gene may be related to the aggressive transformation of human myeloma cells. Br. J. Haematol. 77:523-528, 1991.
 
22) Durie BGM, Mason DY, Giles F, et al:Expression of the bcl-2 oncogene protein in multiple myeloma. Blood 76 (Suppl 1) :347 a, 1990 (abstr) .
 
23) Fiedler W, Weh HJ, Hossfeld DK:Comparison of chromosome analysis and BCL-1 rearrangement in a series of patient with multiple myeloma. Br. J. Haematol. 81:58-61, 1992.
 
24) Tsuchiya H, Epstein J, Selvanayagam P, et al:Correlated flow cytometric analysis of H-ras p 21 and nuclear DNA in multiple myeloma. Blood 72:796-800, 1988.
 
25) Preudhomme C, Facon T, Zandecki M, et al:Rare occurrence of P53 gene mutations in multiple myeloma. Br. J. Haematol. 81:440-443, 1992.
PubMed
26) Neri A, Baldini L, Trecca D, et al:p53 gene mutations in multiple myeloma are associated with advanced forms of malignancy. Blood 81:128-135, 1993.
PubMed
27) Tanabe O, Kawano M, Tanaka H, et al:BSF-2/IL-6 does not augument Ig secretion but stimulates proliferation in myeloma cells. Am. J. Haematol. 31:258-262, 1989.
 
28) Klein B, Zhang X-G, Lu Z-Y, et al:Interleukin-6 in human multiple myeloma. Blood 85:863-872, 1995.
PubMed
29) Kawano M, Hirano T, Matsuda T, et al:Autocrine generation and essential requirement of BSF-2/IL6 for human maltiple myeloma. Nature 332:83-85, 1988.
 
30) Klein B, Zhang X-G, Jourdan M, et al:Paracrine rather than autocrine regulation of myeloma-cell growth and differentiation by interleukin-6. Blood 73:517-526, 1989.
PubMed
31) Lu ZY, Zhang XG, Rodriguez C, et al:Interleukin-10 is a proliferation factor but not a differentiation factor for human myeloma cells. Blood 85:2521-2527, 1995.
 
32) Nishimoto N, Ogata A, Shima Y, et al:Oncostatin M, leukemia inhibitory factor and interleukin 6 induced the proliferation of human plasmacytoma cells via the common signal transducer, gp 130. J. Exp. Med. 179:1343-1349, 1994.
 
33) Paul SR, Barut BA, Bennett F, et al:Lack of a role of interleukin 11 in the growth of multiple myeloma. Leukemia Res. 16:247-252, 1992.
 
34) Juge-Morineau N, Francois S, Puthier D, et al:The gp 130 family cytokines IL-6, LIF, OSM but not IL-11 can reverse the anti-proliferative effect of dexamethasone on human myeloma cells. Br. J. Haematol. 90:707-710, 1995.
 
35) Lemoli RM, Fortuna A, Grande A, et al:Expression and functional role of c-kit ligand (SCF) in human multiple myeloma cells. Br. J. Haematol 88:760-769, 1994.
PubMed
36) Boiron JM, Portier M, Lu ZY, et al:G-CSF stimulates myeloma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo through an IL-6 related mechanism. Blood 78 (Suppl 1) :385 a, 1991 (abstr) .
 
37) Zhang XG, Bataille R, Jourdan M, et al:Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor synergizes with interleukin-6 in supporting the proliferation of human myeloma cells. Blood 76:2599-2605, 1990.
PubMed
38) Anderson KC, Jones RM, Morimoto C, et al:Response patterns of purified myeloma cells to hematopoietic growth factors. Blood 73:1915-1924, 1989.
PubMed
39) San Miguel JF, Gonzalez M, Gascon A, et al:Immunophenotypic heterogeneity of multiple myeloma:Influence on the biology and clinical course of the disease. Br. J. Haematol. 77:185-190, 1991.
PubMed
40) Kawano MM, Huang N, Harada H, et al:Identification of immature and mature myeloma cells in the bone marrow of human myelomas. Blood 82:564-570, 1993.
PubMed
41) Grogan TM, Durie BGM, Spier CM, et al:Myelomonocytic antigen positive multiple myeloma. Blood 73:763-769, 1989.
 
42) Uchiyama H, Barut BA, Chauhan D, et al:Characterization of adhesion molecules on human myeloma cell lines. Blood 80:2306-2314, 1992.
PubMed
43) Shibayama H, Tagawa S, Hattori H, et al:Laminin and fibronectin promote the chemotaxis of human malignant plasma cell lines. Blood 86:719-725, 1995.
PubMed
44) Hamilton MS, Ball J, Bromidge E, et al:Surface antigen expression of human neoplastic plasma cells includes molecules associated with lymphocyte recirculation and adhesion. Br. J. Haematol. 78:60-65, 1991.
PubMed
45) Kawano MM, Huang N, Tanaka H, et al:Homotypic cell aggregations of human myeloma cells with ICAM-1 and LFA-1 molecules. Br. J. Haematol. 79:583-588, 1991.
PubMed
46) Ahsmann EJM, Lokhorst HM, Dekker AW, et al:Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 expression on plasma cells correlates with tumor growth in multiple myeloma. Blood 79:2068-2075, 1992.
 
47) Tong AW, Zhang B-q, Mues G, et al:Anti CD 40 antibody binding modulates human multiple myeloma clonogenicity in vitro. Blood 84:3026-3033, 1994.
 
48) Shima Y, Nishimoto N, Ogata A, et al:Myeloma cells express Fas antigen/APO-1 (CD 95) but only some are sensitive to anti-Fas antibody resulting in apoptosis. Blood 85:757-764, 1 995.
 
49) Durie BGM, Grogan TM:CALLA-positive myeloma:An aggressive subtype with poor survival. Blood 66:229-232, 1985.
 
50) Epstein J, Barlogie B, Katzmann J, et al:Phenotypic heterogeneity in aneuploid multiple myeloma indicates pre-B cell involvement. Blood 71:861-865, 1988.
PubMed
51) Van Camp B, Durie BGM, Spier C, et al:Plasma cell in multiple myeloma express a natural killer cell-associated antigen:CD56 (NKH-1;Leu-19) . Blood 76:377-382, 1990.
 
52) Mathew P, Ahmann GJ, Witzig TE, et al:Clinicopathological correlates of CD 56 expression in multiple myeloma:A unique entity?. Br. J. Haematol. 90:459-461, 1995.
 
53) Kaiser U, Jaques G, Havemann K, et al:Serum NCAM:A potential new prognostic marker for multiple myeloma. Blood 83:871-873, 1994.
PubMed
54) Kubagawa H, Vogler CB, Capra JD, et al:Studies of the clonal origin of multiple myeloma. Use of individually specific (idiotype) antibodies to trace the oncogenic event to its earliest point of expression in B cell differentiation. J. Exp. Med. 150:792-807, 1979.
 
55) Berenson J, Wong R, Kim K, et al:Evidence of peripheral blood B lymphocyte but not T lymphocyte involvement in multiple myeloma. Blood 70:1550-1553, 1987.
 
56) Bakkus MHC, Heirman C, Van Riet I, et al:Evidence that multiple myeloma Ig heavy chain VDJ genes contain somatic mutations but show no intraclonal variation. Blood 80:2326-2335, 1992.
 
57) Foerster J:Multiple myeloma. In Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology (ed. by Lee GR, et al) . ninth edition. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 2219-2249.
 
58) Shulman LN:Plasma cell diseases and related disorders. In Blood:Principles and Practice of Hematology (ed. by Hardin RI, et al) . Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 885-913.
 
59) Bataille R, Chappard D, Klein B:Mechanisms of bone lesions in multiple myeloma. Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North America 6:285-295, 1992.
 
60) Garrett R, Durie BGM, Nedwin GE, et al:Production of lymphotoxin, a bone-resorbing cytokine, by cultured human myeloma cells. N. Engl. J. Med. 317:526-532, 1987.
 
61) Kawano M, Yamamoto I, Iwato K, et al:Interleukin-1 beta rather than lymphotoxin as the major bone resorbing activity in human multipe myeloma. Blood 73:1646-1649, 1989.
 
62) Beguin Y, Yerna M, Loo M, et al:Erythropoiesis in multiple myeloma:defective red cell production due to inappropriate erythropoietin production. Br. J. Haematol. 82:648-653, 1992.
PubMed
63) Greaves MF, Habeshaw JA, Stansfeld AG:Lymphoproliferative disorders. In Atlas of blood cells (ed. by Zucker-Franklin D, et al) . Edi. Ermes, Milano, 1981, pp. 409-524.
 
64) 三輪哲義:多発性骨髄腫の細胞形態. 日本臨牀53:538-542, 1995.
 
65) Greipp PR, Raymond NM, Kyle RA, et al:Multiple myeloma:Significance of plasmablastic subtype in morphological classification. Blood 65:305-310, 1985.
PubMed
66) Bartl R, Frisch B, Diem H, et al:Histologic, biochemical, and clinical parameters for monitoring multiple myeloma. Cancer 68:2241-2250, 1991.
PubMed
67) Broder S, Humphrey R, Durm M, et al:Impaired synthesis of polyclonal (non-paraprotein) immunoglobulins by circulating lymphocytes from patients with multiple myeloma. Role of suppressor cells. N. Engl. J. Med. 293:887-892, 1975.
PubMed
68) 梅田正法, 津布久雅彦:多発性骨髄腫 最近の画像診断. 日本臨牀 53:636-641, 1995.
 
69) Avrahami E, Tadmor R, Kaplinsky N:The role of T 2-weighted gradient echo in MRI demonstration of spinal multiple myeloma. Spine 18:1812-1815, 1993.
 
70) Kyle RA:Diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma and related disorders. Progress Hematol. 14:257-282, 1986.
 
71) Greipp PR:Advances in the diagnosis and management of myeloma. Semin. Hematol. 29:24-45, 1992.
PubMed
72) Durie BGM, Salmon SE:Multiple myeloma, macrogrobulinemia and monoclonal gammopaties. In Recent advances in hematology (ed. by Hoffbrand AV, et al) . Churchill-Living-stone, Edinburgh, 1977, pp. 243-261.
 
73) Sukpanichnant S, Cousar JB, Leelasiri A, et al:Diagnostic criteria and histologic grading in multiple myeloma. Hum. Pathol. 25:308-318, 1994.
PubMed
74) Durie BGM, Salmon SE:A clinical staging system for multiple myeloma. Correlation of measured myeloma cell mass with presenting clinical features, response to treatment, and survival. Cancer 36:842-854, 1975.
 
75) Hjorth M, Hellquist L, Holmberg E, et al:Initial versus deferred melphalan-prednisone therapy for asymptomatic multiple myeloma. Eur. J. Haematol. 50:95-102, 1993.
PubMed
76) Dimopoulos MA, Moulopoulos A, Smith T, et al:Risk of disease progression in asymptomatic multiple myeloma. Am. J Med. 94:57-61, 1993.
PubMed
77) Alexanian R, Bonnet J, Gehan E, et al:Combination chemotherapy for multiple myeloma. Cancer 30:382-389, 1979.
 
78) Chronic Leukemia-Myeloma Task Force, National Cancer Institute:Proposed guidelines for protocol studies:II. Plasma cell myeloma. Cancer Chemotherap. Rep. 4 (suppl) :145-158, 1973.
 
79) Gore ME, Selby PJ, Viner C, et al:Intensive treatment of multiple myeloma and criteria for complete remission. Lancet 2:879-882, 1989.
PubMed
80) 今村幸雄:癌の臨床27:1067-1074, 1981.
 
81) Palmer M, Belch A, Hanson J, et al:Reassessment of the relationship between M-protein decrement and survival in multiple myeloma. Br. J. Cancer. 59:110-112, 1989.
PubMed
82) Alexanian R, Haut A, Khan AU, et al:Treatment for multiple myeloma. Combination chemotherapy with different melphalan dose regimens. JAMA 208:1680-1685, 1969.
PubMed
83) Alexanian R, Dreicer R:Chemotherapy for multiple myeloma. Cancer 53:583-588, 1984.
PubMed
84) Durie BGM, Dixon DO, Carter S, et al:Improved survival duration with combination chemotherapy induction for multiple myeloma:A Southwest Oncology Group study. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1227-1237, 1986.
 
85) Case DC, Lee BJ, Clarkson BD:Improved survival times in multiple myeloma treated with melphalan, prednisone, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and BCNU:M-2 protocol. Am. J Med. 63:897-903, 1977.
 
86) Barlogie B, Smith L, Alexanian R:Effective treatment of advanced multiple myeloma refractory to alkylating agents. N. Engl. J. Med. 310:1353-1356, 1984.
PubMed
87) McElwain TJ, Powles RL:High-dose intravenous melphalan for plasma-cell leukemia and myeloma. Lancet 2:822-824, 1983.
PubMed
88) Gregory WM, Richards MA, Malpas JS:Combination chemotherapy versus melphalan and prednisolone in the treatment of multiple myeloma:An overview of published trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:334-342, 1992.
PubMed
89) Oken MM:Standard treatment of multiple myeloma. Mayo Clin. Proc. 69:781-786, 1994.
PubMed
90) Hardin J, MacLeod S, Grigorieva I, et al:Interleukin-6 prevents dexamethasone-induced myeloma cell growth. Blood 84:3063-3070, 1994.
PubMed
91) Oken MM, Kyle RA:Strategies for combining interferon with chemotherapy for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Semin. Oncol. 18:30-32, 1991.
PubMed
92) Alexanian R, Barlogie B, Tucker S:VAD-based regimens as primary treatment for multiple myeloma. Am. J. Haematol. 33:86-89, 1990.
 
93) Samson D, Gaminara E, Newland A, et al:Infusion of vincristine and doxorubicin with oral dexamethasone as first-line therapy for multiple myeloma. Lancet 2:882-885, 1989.
PubMed
94) Anderson H, Scarffe JH, Ranson M, et al:VAD therapy as remission induction for multiple myeloma. Br. J. Cancer 71:326-330, 1995.
PubMed
95) Bell JBG, Millar BC, Maitland JA, et al:Increase in clonogenic tumor cells in bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma treated with vincristine, doxorubicin, and methylprednisolone. Lancet 2:931-933, 1988.
 
96) Adam Z, Elbl L, Vorlicek J, et al:Treatment of refractory multiple myeloma with vincristine, adriamycin, dexamethasone, and with repeated application of cyclophosphamide. Acta Med. Austriaca 21:111-115, 1994.
PubMed
97) Delain M, Linassier C, Petitdidier C, et al:VAD-PECC regimen in the treatment of advanced-stage multiple myeloma. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2706-2713, 1994.
PubMed
98) Cunningham D, Paz-Ares L, Gore ME, et al:High-dose melphalan for multiple myeloma:Long-term follow-up data. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:764-768, 1994.
 
99) MacLennan ICM, Chapman C, Dunn J, et al:Combined chemotherapy with ABCM versus melphalan for treatment of myelomatosis. Lancet 339:200-205, 1992.
 
100) Buzaid AC, Durie BGM:Management of refractory myeloma:A review. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:889-905, 1988.
 
101) Blade J, San Miguel J, Sanz-Sanz MA, et al:Treatment of melphalan-resistant multiple myeloma with vincristine, BCNU, doxorubicin, and high-dose dexamethasone (VBAD) . Eur. J. Cancer 29A:57-60, 1993.
 
102) Peest D, Schmoll H-J, Schedel I, et al:VBAMDex chemotherapy in advanced multiple myeloma. Eur. J. Haematol. 40:245-249, 1988.
PubMed
103) Gimsing P, Bjerrum OW, Brandt E, et al:Refractory myelomatosis treated with mitoxantrone in combination with vincristine and prednisone (NOP-regimen) :a phase II study.:Br. J. Haematol. 77:73-79, 1991.
PubMed
104) Keldsen N, Bjerrum OW, Dahl IMS, et al:Multiple myeloma treated with mitoxantrone in combination with vincristine and prednisolone (NOP regimen) versus melphalan and prednisolone:a phase III study. Eur. J. Haematol. 51:80-85, 1993.
 
105) Barlogie B, Velasques WS, Alexanian R, et al:Etoposide, dexamethasone, cytarabine, and cisplatin in vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone-refractory myeloma. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1514-1517, 1989.
 
106) Lenhard RE, Oken MM, Barnes JM, et al:High-dose cyclophosphamide. An effective treatment for advanced refractory multiple myeloma. Cancer 53:1456-1460, 1984.
PubMed
107) Dimopoulos MA, Delasalle KB, Champlin R, et al:Cyclophosphamide and etoposide therapy with GM-CSF for VAD-resistant multiple myeloma. Br. J. Haematol. 83:240-244, 1993.
PubMed
108) Cooper MR, Welander CE:Interferons in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Cancer 59:594-600, 1987.
PubMed
109) Avvisati G, Mandelli F:The role of interferon-α in the management of myelomatosis. Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North America 6:395-405, 1992.
 
110) Montuoro A, Rosa L, Blasio A, et al:Alpha-2 a-interferon/melphalan/prednisone versus melphalan/prednisone in previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma. Br. J. Haematol. 76:365-368, 1990.
PubMed
111) Osterborg A, Bjorkholm M, Bjodreman M, et al:Natural interferon-α in combination with melphalan/prednisone versus melphalan/prednisone in the treatment of multiple myeloma stage II and III:A randomized study from the myeloma group of central Sweden. Blood 81:1428-1434, 1993.
 
112) Corrado C, Flores A, Pavlovsky S, et al:Randomized trial of melphalan (L-PAM) -Prednisone (PRED) with or without recombinant alpha 2 interferon (rα2IFN) in multiple myeloma. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 10;27 Meet, 304, 1991.
 
113) Cooper MR, Dear K, McIntyre OR, et al:A randomized clinical trial comparing melphalan/prednisone with or without interferon alpha-2 b in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma;A cancer and leukemia group B study. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:155-160, 1993.
 
114) Aitchison R, Williams A, Schey S, et al:A randomized trial of cyclophosphamide with and without low dose alpha-interferon in the treatment of newly diagnosed myeloma. Leukemia Lymphoma 9:243-246, 1994.
 
115) Salmon SE, Crowley JJ, Grogan TM, et al:Combination chemotherapy, glucocorticoids, and interferon alfa in the treatment of multiple myeloma:A Sowthwest Oncology Group study. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2405-2414, 1994.
 
116) Miguel JFS, Moro M, Blade J, et al:Combination of interferon and dexamethasone in refractory multiple myeloma. Haematol. Oncol. 8:185-189, 1990.
 
117) Palumbo A, Boccadolo M, Garino LA, et al:Interferon plus glucocorticoids as intensified maintenance therapy prolongs tumor controls in relapsed myeloma. Acta Haematol. 90:71-76, 1993.
 
118) Alexanian R, Barlogie B, Gutterman J:α-interferon combination therapy of resistant myeloma. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 14:188-192, 1991.
 
119) Ludwig H, Cohen AM, Huber H, et al:Interferon alfa-2 b with VMCP compared to VMCP alone for induction and interferon alfa-2 b compared to controls for remission maintenance in multiple myeloma:Interim results. Eur. J. Cancer 27 (Suppl 4) :S 40-S 45, 1991.
 
120) Aviles A, Alatriste S, Talavera A, et al:Alternating combination chemotherapy and interferon improves survival in poor prognosis multiple myeloma. Clin. Oncol. 7:97-101, 1995.
PubMed
121) 木谷照夫:骨髄腫の基礎と臨床. FNを含む新しい併用化学療法. 臨床血液34:455-459, 1993.
 
122) 木谷照夫:造血器腫瘍-どのように診断し治療するか. 多発性骨髄腫. 臨床血液36:471-479, 1995.
 
123) Mandelli F, Avvisati G, Amadori S, et al:Maintenance treatment with recombinant interferon alfa-2 b in patients with multiple myeloma responding to conventional induction chemotherapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:1430-1434, 1990.
PubMed
124) Westin J, Rodjer S, Turesson I, et al:Interferon alfa-2 b versus no maintenance therapy during the plateau phase in multiple myeloma:A randomized study. Br. J. Haematol. 89:561-568, 1995.
PubMed
125) Peest D, Deicher H, Coldewey R, et al:Melphalan and prednisone (MP) versus vincristine, BCNU, adriamycin, melphalan and dexamethasone (VBAMDex) induction chemotherapy and interferon maintenance treatment in multiple myeloma. Onkologie 13:458-460, 1990.
PubMed
126) Browman GP, Bergsagel D, Sicheri D, et al:Randomized trial of interferon maintenance in multiple myeloma:A study of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:2354-2360, 1995.
 
127) Barlogie B, Jagannath S, Vesole D, et al:Autologous and allogeneic transplants for multiple myeloma. Semin. Haematol. 32:31-44, 1995.
 
128) Gahrton G, Tura S, Ljungman P, et al:Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma. N. Engl. J. Med. 325:1267-1273, 1991.
PubMed
129) Bird JM, Russel NH, Samson D:Minimal residual disease after bone marrow transplantation for multiple myeloma. Bone marrow transplant. 12:651-654, 1993.
 
130) Schiller G, Vescio R, Freytes C, et al:Transplantation of CD 34+ peripheral blood progenitor cells after high-dose chemotherapy for patients with advanced multiple myeloma. Blood 86:390-397, 1995.
 
131) Bjorkstrand B, Dilber S, Smith E, et al:Retroviral-mediated gene transfer into human myeloma cells. Br. J. Haematol. 88:325-331, 1994.
 
132) Harousseau J-L, Attal M, Devine M, et al:Autologous stem cell transplantation after first remission induction treatment in multiple myeloma:A report of the French registry on autologous transplantation in multiple myeloma. Blood 85:3077-3085, 1995.
 
133) Rowell NP, Tobias JS:The role of radiotherapy in the management of multiple myeloma. Blood Rev. 5:84-89, 1991.
PubMed
134) Palumbo A, Battaglio S, Napoli P, et al:Retinoic acid inhibits the growth of human myeloma cells in vitro. Br. J. Haematol. 89:555-560, 1995.
PubMed
135) Attisano C, Bianchi A, Montacchini L, et al:Generation of anti-tumor activity by OKT 3-stimulation in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 87:494-502, 1994.
 
136) Peest D, Leo R, Bloche S, et al:Low-dose recombinant interleukin-2 therapy in advanced multiple myeloma. Br. J. Haematol. 89:328-337, 1995.
PubMed
137) Kwak LW, Taub DD, Duuffey PL, et al:Transfer of myeloma idiotype-specific immunity from an actively immunized marrow donor. Lancet 345:1016-1020, 1995.
 
138) Ludwig H, Fritz E, Kotzmann H, et al:Erythropoietin treatment of anemia associated with multiple myeloma. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:1693-1699, 1990
PubMed
139) Lahtinen R, Laakso M, Palva I, et al:Randomised, placebo-controlled multicentre trial of clodronate in multiple myeloma. Lancet 340:1049-1052, 1992.
PubMed
140) Sanders PW:Pathogenesis and treatment of myeloma kidney. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 124:484-488, 1994.
 
141) Merlin J-L, Guerci A, Marchal S, et al:Comparative evaluation of S 9788, verapamil, and cyclosporin A in K 562 human leukemia cell lines and in P-glycoprotein-expressing samples from patients with hematologic malignancies. Blood 84:262-269, 1994.
 
142) Joshua DE, Snowdon L, Gibson J, et al:Multiple myeloma:Plateau phase revisited. Hematol. Rev. 5:59-66, 1991.
 
143) Joshua DE, Gibson J, Brown RD:Mechanisms of the escape phase of myeloma. Blood Rev. 8:13-20, 1994.
PubMed
144) Kyle RA:Why better prognostic factors for multiple myeloma are needed. Blood 83:1713-1716, 1994.
PubMed
145) Greipp PR, Lust JA, O'Fallon WM, et al:Plasma cell labeling index and β2-microglobulin predicts survival independent of thymidine kinase and C-reactive protein in multiple myeloma. Blood 81:3382-3387, 1993.
 
146) Bergsagel DE, Phil D, Bailey AJ, et al:The chemotherapy of plasma cell myeloma and the incidence of acute leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 301:743-748, 1979.
 
147) Kyle RA:Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Blood Rev. 8:135-141, 1994.
PubMed
148) Bardwick PA, Zvaifler NJ, Gill GN, et al:Plasma cell dyscrasia with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes:The POEMS syndrome. Medicine 59:311-322, 1980.
PubMed
149) Gherardi RK, Belec L, Fromont G, et al:Elevated levels of interleukin-1β (1L-1β) and IL-6 in serum and increased production of IL-1β mRNA in lymph nodes of patients with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome. Blood 83:2587-2593, 1994.
 
150) Franklin EC:Amyloidosis. In Williams Hematology (ed. by Beutler E, et al) . 4th edition. McGraw-Hill, Inc, New York, 1990, pp. 1112-1118.
 
151) Gianni L, Bellotti V, Gianni AM, et al:New drug therapy of amyloidosis:Resorption of AL-type deposits with 4'-iodo-4'-deoxydoxorubicin. Blood 86:855-861, 1995.
PubMed

47. 腫瘍随伴症候群

P.1115 掲載の参考文献
1) Bunn PAJr, Ridgway EC:Paraneoplastic syndrome. In Cancer:Principles & practice of oncology (edited by DeVita VTJr et al) , 4th Ed, JB Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 2026-2071.
 
2) Abelloff MD:Paraneoplastic syndromes. A window on the biology of cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 317:1598-1600, 1987.
 
3) Lees LH:The biosynthesis of hormones by nonendocrine tumors-A review. J. Endocrinol. 67:143-175, 1975.
 
4) Richardson RL, Greco FA, Oldhan RK, et al:Tumor products and potential markers in small cell lung cancer. Semin. Oncol. 5:253-262, 1978.
 
5) Rassam JW, Anderson G:Incidence of paramalignant disorders in bronchogenic carcinoma. Thorax 30:86-90, 1975.
PubMed
6) Ross EJ:Endocrine syndromes of non-endocrine origin:Cancer and the adrenal cortex. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 59:335-338, 1966.
 
7) Lokich JJ:The frequency and clinical biology of the ectopic hormone syndromes of small cell carcinoma. Cancer 50:2111-2114, 1982.
PubMed
8) Singer W, Kovacs K, Ryan N, et al:Ectopic ACTH syndrome. Clinicopathological correlation. J. Clin. Pathol. 31:591-598, 1978.
PubMed
9) Abeloff MD, Trump DL, Baylin SB:Ectopic adrenocorticotrophic (ACTH) syndrome and small cell carcinoma of the lung:Assessment of clinical implications in patients on combination chemotherapy. Cancer 48:1082-1087, 1981.
PubMed
10) Yallow RS, Eastridge CE, Higgins G Jr, et al:Plasma and tumor ACTH in carcinoma of the lung. Cancer 44:1789-1792, 1979.
 
11) Ratcliff JG, Knight RA, Besser GM:Tumour and Plasma ACTH concentrations in patients with and without the ectopic ACTH syndrome. Clin. Endocrinol. 1:27-44, 1972.
 
12) Gewirtz G, Yalow RS:Ectopic ACTH production in carcinoma of the lung. J. Clin. Invest. 53:1022-1032, 1974.
 
13) Bloomfield GA, Holdaway IM, Corrin B, et al:Lung tumours and ACTH production. Clin. Endocrinol. 6:95-104, 1977.
PubMed
14) Rees LH, Ratcliffe JG:Ectopic hormone production by nonendocrine tumors. Clin. Endocrinol. 3:263-299, 1974.
PubMed
15) Bailey RE:Periodic "hormonogenesis"-a new phenomenon. Periodicity in function of a hormone-producing tumor in man. Clin. Endocrinol. 32:317-327, 1971.
PubMed
16) Nieman LK, Chrousos GP, Oldfield EH, et al:The ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test and the dexamethasone suppression test in the differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. Ann. Intern. Med. 105:862-867, 1986.
PubMed
17) Gold EM:The Cushing syndromes:Changing Views of diagnosis and treatment. Ann. Intern. Med. 90:829-844, 1979.
PubMed
18) Howlett TA, Perry L, Rees LH, et al:Diagnosis and management of ACTH dependent Cushing's syndrome:Comparison of the features in ectopic and pituitary ACTH production. Clin. Endocrinol. 24:699-713, 1986.
PubMed
19) Oldfield EH, Deppman JL, Nieman LK, et al:Petrosal sinus sampling with and without corticotropin-releasing hormone for the differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome N. Engl. J. Med. 325:897-905, 1991.
 
20) Ginsberg RJ, Kris MG, Armstrong JG:Cancer of the lung. In Cancer:Principles & practice of oncology (edited by DeVita VTJr et al) , 4th Ed, JB Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 673-758.
 
21) Fichman M, Bethune J:Effects of neoplasms on renal electrolyte function. Ann. NY. Acad. Sci. 230:448-472, 1974.
PubMed
22) Harlow PJ, DeClerck YA, Shore NA, et al:A fatal case of inappropriate ADH secretion induced by cyclophosphamide therapy. Cancer 44:896-898, 1979.
PubMed
23) DeFronzo RA, Braine H, Colvin OM, et al:Water intoxication in man after cyclophosphamide therapy:Time course and relation to drug activation. Ann. Intern. Med. 78:861-869, 1973.
 
24) Odell WD, Wolfsen AR:Humoral syndromes associated with cancer. Ann. Rev. Med. 29:379-406, 1978.
PubMed
25) Blackman MR, Rosen SW, Weintraub BD:Ectopic hormones. Adv. Intern. Med. 23:85-113, 1978.
PubMed
26) Hansen M, Hansen HH, Hirsch FR, et al:Hormonal polypeptides and amine metabolites in small cell carcinoma of the lung, with special reference to stage and subtypes. Cancer 45:1432-1437, 1980.
PubMed
27) Comis RL, Miller M, Ginsberg SJ:Abnormalities in water homeostasis in small cell anaplastic lung cancer. Cancer 45:2414-2421, 1980.
PubMed
28) Cohen MH, Bunn PA Jr, Ihde DC, et. al:Chemotherapy rather than demeclocycline for inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. N. Engl. J. Med. 298:1423, 1978.
 
29) Hantman D, Rossier B, Zohlman R, et al:Rapid correction of hyponatremia in the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. An alternative treatment to hypertonic saline. Ann. Intern. Med. 78:870-875, 1973.
PubMed
30) Forrest JN Jr, Cox M, Hong C, et al:Superiority of demeclocycline over lithium in the treatment of chronic syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. N. Engl. J. Med. 298:173-177, 1978.
PubMed
31) DeTroyer A:Demeclocycline treatment for syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. JAMA 237:2823-2826, 1977.
 
32) Decaux G, Brimioulle S, Genette F, et al:Treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone by urea. Am. J. Med. 69:99-106, 1980.
PubMed
33) Cogan E, Debieve M-F, Philipart I, et al:High plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor in SIADH. Lancet 2:1258-1259, 1986.
 
34) Kamoi K, Ebe T, Hasegawa A, et al:Hyponatremia in small cell lung cancer. Mechanisms not involving inappropriate ADH secretion. Cancer 60:1089-1093, 1987.
 
35) Trump DL:Abnormalities of bone and mineral metabolism. In Complications of cancer. Diagnosis and management (edited by Abeloff MD) , Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1979, pp. 263-281.
 
36) Myers WPL:Differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia and cancer. C. A. 27:258-272, 1977.
 
37) Budayr WJ, Nissenson RA, Klein RF, et al:Increased serum levels of a parathyroid hormone-like protein in malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Ann. Intern. Med. 111:807-812, 1989.
 
38) Stewart AF, Broadus AE:Clinical review 16:Parathyroid related proteins:Coming of age in the 1990 s. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 71:1410-1414, 1990.
 
39) Burtis WJ, Brady TG, Orloff JJ, et al:Immunochemical characterization of circulating parathyroid hormone-related protein in patients with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:1106-1112, 1990.
 
40) Tsuchihashi T, Yamaguchi K, Miyake Y, et al:Parathyroid hormone-related protein in tumor tissues obtained from patients with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:40-44, 1990.
PubMed
41) Dewhirst FE, Stashenko PP, Mole JE, et al:Purification and partial sequence of human osteoclast-activating factor:identity with interleukin 1β. J. Immunol. 135:2562-2568, 1985.
 
42) Zapf J, Walter H, Froesch ER:Radioimmunological determination of insulin-like growth factors I and II in normal subjects and in patients with growth disorders and extrapancreatic tumor hypoglycemia. J. Clin. Invest. 68:1321-1330, 1981.
 
43) Gorden P, Hendricks CM, Kahn CR, et al:Hypoglycemia associated with non-islet cell tumor and insulin like growth factors. N. Engl. J. Med. 305:1452-1455, 1981.
PubMed
44) Croft P, Wilkinson M:The incidence of carcinomatous neuromyopathy in patients with various types of carcinoma. Brain 88:427-434, 1965.
PubMed
45) Wilner EC, Brody JA:An evaluation of the remote effects of cancer on the nervous system. Neurology 18:1120-1124, 1967.
 
46) Bell CE Jr, Seetharam S:Expression of endodermally derived and neural crest-derived differentiation antigens by human lung and colon tumors. Cancer 44:12-18, 1979.
 
47) Bunn PA, Gazdar AF, Carney DN, et al:Small cell lung carcinoma and natural killer cells share an antigen determinant, Leu-7. Clin. Res. 32:413 A, 1984.
 
48) Schuller-Petrovic S, Gebhart W, Lassmann H, et al:A shared antigenic determinant between natural killer cells and nervous tissue. Nature 306:179-181, 1983.
PubMed
49) Grause F, Abos J, Roquer J, et al:Effect of plasmapheresis on serum and CSF auto-antibody levels in CNS paraneoplastic syndromes. Neurology 40:1621-1623, 1990.
 
50) Greenlee JE, Lipton HL:Anticerebellar antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with oat cell carcinoma of the lung and paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Ann. Neurol. 19:82-85, 1986.
 
51) Corsellis JAN, Goldberg GJ, Norton AR:"Limbic encephalitis" and its association with carcinoma. Brain 91:481-497, 1968.
 
52) Brennan LV, Craddock PR:Limbic encephalopathy as a nonmetastatic complication of oat cell lung cancer. Am. J. Med. 75:518-520, 1983.
PubMed
53) Graus F, Elkon KB, Cordon-Cardo C, et al:Sensory neuronopathy and small cell lung cancer. Antineuronal antibody that also reacts with the tumor. Am. J. Med. 80:45-52, 1986.
PubMed
54) Fukunaga H, Engel AG, Osame M, et al:Paucity and disorganization of presynaptic membrane active zones in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Muscle Nerve 5:688-697, 1982.
 
55) Fukunaga H, Engel AG, Lang B, et al:Passive transfer of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with IgG from man to mouse depletes the presynaptic membrane active zones. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 80:7636-7640, 1983.
 
56) Hammond D, Winnick S:Paraneoplastic erythrocytosis and ectopic erythropoietins. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 230:219-227, 1974.
PubMed
57) Antman KH, Skarin AT, Mayer RJ, et al:Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and cancer:A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 58:377-384, 1979.
 
58) Asano S, Urave A, Okabe T, et al:Demonstration of granulopoietic factor(s) in the plasma of nude mice transplanted with a human lung cancer and in the tumor tissue. Blood 49:845-852, 1977.
 
59) Okabe T, Sato N, Kondo Y, et al:Establishment and characterization of a human cancer cell line that produces human colony-stimulating factor. Cancer Res. 38:3910-3917, 1978.
PubMed
60) Di Persio JF, Brennan JK, Lichtman MA, et al:Human cell lines that elaborate colony-stimulating activity for the marrow cells of man and other species. Blood 51:507-519, 1978.
PubMed
61) Adachi N, Yamaguchi K, Morikawa T, et al:Constitutive production of multiple colony-stimulating factors in patients with lung carcinoma associated with leukocytosis. Br. J. Cancer 69:125-129, 1994.
 
62) Olesen LL, Thorshauge H:Thrombocytosis in patients with malignant mesothelioma. Cancer. 62:1194-1196, 1988.
PubMed
63) Foster DC, Sprecher CA, Grant FJ, et al:Human thrombopoietin:Gene structure, cDNA sequence, expression and chromosomal localization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:13023-13027, 1994.
PubMed
64) Rickles FR, Edwards RL:Activation of blood coagulation in cancer:Trousseau's syndrome revisited. Blood 62:14-31, 1983.
PubMed

48. 原発不明がん

P.1132 掲載の参考文献
1) Greco FA, Hainthworth JD:Cancer of unknown primary site. In Cancer:Principles & Practice of Oncology (edited by Devita VT, Hellman S Jr and Rosenberg SA) , 4th Ed, JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 2072-2092.
 
2) Daugaard G:Unknown primary tumours. Cancer Treat. Revi. 20:119-147, 1994.
 
3) Muir C:Cancer of unknown primary site. Cancer 75:353-356, 1995.
PubMed
4) 万代光, 森脇昭介, 山上啓太郎・他:剖検例を対象とした原発不明癌症例の検討. 臨床病理42:75-82, 1994.
 
5) Altman E, Cadman E:An analysis of 1539 patients with cancer of unknown primary site. Cancer 57:120-124, 1986.
PubMed
6) Abbruzzese JL, Abbruzzese MC, Hess KR, et al:Unknown primary carcinoma:Natural history and prognostic factors in 657 consecutive patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1272-1280, 1994.
PubMed
7) Hamilton CS, Langlands AO:ACUPS(adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site) :A clinical and cost benefit analysis. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 13:1497-1503, 1987.
 
8) Jordan III WE, Shildt RA:Adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site. The Brooke Army Medical Center experience. Cancer 55:857-860, 1985.
 
9) Le Chevalier T, Cvitkovic E, Caille P, et al:Early metastatic cancer of unknown primary origin at presentation. A clinical study of 302 consecutive autopsied patients. Arch. Intern. Med. 148:2035-2039, 1988.
PubMed
10) Maiche AG:Cancer of unknown primary. A retrospective study based on 109 patients. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 16:26-29, 1993.
PubMed
11) Gaber AO, Rice P, Eaton C, et al:Metastatic malignant disease of unknown origin. Am. J. Surg. 145:493-497, 1983.
PubMed
12) Mackay B, Ordonez:Pathological evaluation of neoplasmas with unknown primary tumor site. Semin. Oncol. 20:206-228, 1993.
 
13) Leonard RJ, Nystrom JS:Diagnostic evaluation of patients with carcinoma of unknown primary tumor site. Semin. Oncol. 20:244-250, 1993.
PubMed
14) Sporn JR, Greenberg BR:Empiric chemotherapy in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary site. Am. J. Med. 88:49-55, 1990.
PubMed
15) Nissenblatt MJ:The CUP syndrome (carcinoma unknown primary) . Cancer Treat. Rev. 8:211-224, 1981.
PubMed
16) Ultman JE:Cancer of unknown primary site. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 117:505-509, 1991.
 
17) Hainsworth JD, Wright EP, Johnson DH, et al:Poorly differentiated carcinoma of unknown primary site:Clinical usefulness of immunoperoxidase staining. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1931-1938, 1991.
PubMed
18) Horning SJ, Carrier EK, Rouse RV, et al:Lymphomas presenting as histologically unclassified neoplasms:Characteristics and response to treatment. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1281-1287, 1989.
PubMed
19) Hainsworth JD, Greco FA:Treatment of patients with cancer of an unknown primary site. N. Engl. J. Med. 329:257-263, 1993.
PubMed
20) Vege DS, Soman CS, Joshi UA, et al:Undifferentiated tumors:An immunohistochemical analysis on biopsies. J. Surg. Oncol. 57:273-276, 1994.
PubMed
21) De Braud F, Al-Sarraf M:Diagnosis and management of squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary tumor site of the neck. Semin. Oncol. 20:273-278, 1993.
PubMed
22) Marcial-Vega VA, Cardenens H, Perez CA, et al:Cervical metastases from unknown primaries:Radiotherapeutic management and appearance of subsequent primaries. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 19:919-928, 1990.
 
23) Jacobs C:The internist in the management of head and neck cancer. Ann. Inter. Med. 113:771-778, 1990.
 
24) Guarischi A, Keane TJ, Elhakim T:Metastatic inguinal nodes from an unknown primary neoplasma. A review of 56 cases. Cancer 59:572-577, 1987.
 
25) Nicholson CP, Donohue JH, Thompson GB, et al:A study of metastatic cancer found during inguinal hernia repair. Cancer 69:3008-3011, 1992.
PubMed
26) Sears D, Hajdu SI:The cytologic diagnosis of malignant neoplasmas in pleural and peritoneal effusions. Acta Cytol. 31:85-97, 1987.
 
27) DiBonito L, Falconieri G, Colautti I, et al:The positive peritoneal effusion. A retrospective study of cytopathologic diagnoses with autopsy confirmation. Acta Cytol. 37:483-488, 1992.
 
28) Strnad CM, Grosh WW, Baxter J, et al:Peritoneal carcinomatosis of unknown primary site in women. A distinctive subset of adenocarcinoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 111:213-217, 1989.
PubMed
29) Dalrymple JC, Bannatyne P, Russell P, et al:Extraovarian peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma. A clinicopathologic study of 31 cases. Cancer 64:110-115, 1989.
PubMed
30) Ransom DT, Patel SR, Keeney GL, et al:Papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum. A review of 33 cases treated with platin-based chemotherapy. Cancer 66:1091-1094, 1990.
PubMed
31) Fromm GL, Gershenson DM, Silva EG:Papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum. Obstet. Gynecol. 75:89-95, 1990.
PubMed
32) Svastics E, Ronay P, Bodo M:Occult breast cancer presenting with axillary metastasis. Euro. J. Surg. Oncol. 19:575-580, 1993.
 
33) Baron PL, Moore MP, Kinne DW, et al:Occult breast cancer presenting with axillary metastases. Arch. Surg. 125:210-215, 1990.
PubMed
34) Kemeny MM, Rivera DE, Terz JJ, et al:Occult primary adenocarcinoma with axillary metastasis. Am. J. Surg. 152:43-47, 1986.
PubMed
35) Patel J, Nemoto T, Rosner D, et al:Axillary lymph node metastasis from an occult breast cancer. Cancer 47:2923-2927, 1981.
PubMed
36) Bhatia SK, Saclarides TJ, Witt TR, et al:Hormone receptor studies in axillary metastases from occult breast cancers. Cancer 59:1170-1172, 1987.
PubMed
37) Ruddon RW, Norton SE:Use of biological markers in the diagnosis of cancers of unknown primary tumor. Semin. Oncol. 20:251-260, 1993.
PubMed
38) Pavlidis N, Kalef-Ezra J, Briassoulis E, et al:Evaluation of six tumor markers in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 22:162-167, 1994.
PubMed
39) Gamble AR, Bell JA, Ronan JE, et al:Use of tumour marker immunoreactivity to identify primary site of metastatic cancer. Br. Med. J. 306:295-298, 1993.
 
40) Panza N, Lombardi G, De Rosa M, et al:High serum thyroglobulin levels. Diagnostic indicators in patients with metastases from unknown primary sites. Cancer 60:2233-2236, 1987.
PubMed
41) Nishiya M, Miller GL, Lookner DH, et al:Prostate specific antigen density in patients with histologically proven prostate carcinoma. Cancer 74:3002-3009, 1994.
 
42) Ilson DH, Motzer RJ, Rodriguez E, et al:Genetic analysis in the diagnosis of neoplasms of unknown primary tumor site. Semin. Oncol. 20:229-237, 1993.
PubMed
43) Fletcher JA, Kozakewich HP, Hoffer FA, et al:Diagnostic relevance of clonal cytogenetic aberrations in malignant soft-tissue tumors. N. Engl. J. Med. 324:436-442, 1991.
PubMed
44) Delattre O, Zucman J, Melot T, et al:The Ewing family of tumors-A subgroup of small-round-cell tumors deffined by specific chimeric transcripts. N. Engl. J. Med. 331:294-299, 1994.
 
45) Bosl GJ, Ilson DH, Rodriguez E, et al:Clinical relevance of the i (12 p) marker chromosome in germ cell tumors. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 86:349-355, 1994.
PubMed
46) Feinmesser R, Miyazaki I, Cheung R, et al:Diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by DNA amplification of tissue obtained by fine-needle aspiration. N. Engl. J. Med. 326:17-21, 1992.
PubMed
47) Motzer RJ, Rodriguez E, Reuter VE, et al:Molecular and cytogenetic studies in the diagnosis of patients with poorly differentiated carcinomas of unknown primary site. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:274-282, 1995.
 
48) Logothetis CJ, Samuels ML, Selig DE, et al:Chemotherapy of extragonadal germ cell tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:316-325, 1985.
PubMed
49) Anderson H, Thatcher N, Rankin E, et al:VAC (vincristine, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy for metastatic carcinoma from an unknown primary site. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 19:49-52, 1983.
 
50) Moertel CG, Kvols LK, O'Connell MJ, et al:Treatment of neuroendocrine carcinomas with combined etoposide and cisplatin. Evidence of major therapeutic activity in the anaplastic variants of these neoplasmas. Cancer 68:227-232, 1991.
 
51) Greco FA, Vaughn WK, Hainsworth JD:Advanced poorly differentiated carcinoma of unknown primary site:Recognition of a treatable syndrome. Ann. Intern. Med. 104:547-553, 1986.
PubMed
52) Hainsworth JD, Johnson DH, Greco FA:Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy in the treatment of poorly differentiated carcinoma and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site:Results of a 12-year experience. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:912-922, 1992.
PubMed
53) Spiro RH, DeRose G, Strong EW:Cervical node metastasis of occult origin. Am. J. Surg. 146:441-446, 1983.
PubMed
54) Coster JR, Foote RL, Olsen KD, et al:Cervical nodal metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of unknown origin:Indications for withholding radiation therapy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 23:743-749, 1992.
PubMed
55) Yang ZY, Hu YH, Yan JH, et al:Lymph node metastases in the neck from an unknown primary. Report on 113 patients. Acta Radiol. Oncol. 22:17-22, 1983.
PubMed
56) McCunniff AJ, Raben M:Metastatic carcinoma of the neck from an unknown primary. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 12:1849-1852, 1986.
PubMed
57) Carlson LS, Fletcher GH, Oswald MJ:Guidelines for radiotherapeutic techniques for cervical metastases from an unknown primary. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 12:2101-2110, 1986.
PubMed
58) Lee DJ, Rostock RA, Harris A, et al:Clinical evaluation of patients with metastatic squamous carcinoma of the neck with occult primary tumor. South Med. J. 79:979-983, 1986.
PubMed
59) Harper CS, Mendenhall WM, Parsons JT, et al:Cancer in neck nodes with unknown primary site:Role of mucosal radiotherapy. Head Neck 12:463-469, 1990.
PubMed
60) Mack Y, Parsons JT, Mendenhall WM, et al:Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck:Management after excisional biopsy of a solitary metastatic neck node. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 25:619-622, 1993.
PubMed
61) De Braud F, Heilbrun LK, Ahmed K, et al:Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of an unknown primary localized to the neck. Advantages of an aggressive treatment. Cancer 64:510-515, 1989.
 
62) Jeremic B, Zivic LJ, Jevremovic S:Radiotherapy and cisplatin in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of an unknown primary tumor localized to the neck. A phase II study. J. Chemother. 4:399-402, 1992.
 
63) Jeremic B, Zivic DJ, Matovic M, et al:Cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil as induction chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of an unknown primary tumor localized to the neck. A phase II study. J. Chemother. 5:262-265, 1993.
 
64) Nguyen C, Shenouda G, Black MJ, et al:Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to cervical lymph nodes from unknown primary mucosal sites. Head Neck 16:58-63, 1994.
PubMed
65) Bataini Jp, Rodriguez J, Jaulerry C, et al:Treatment of metastatic neck nodes secondary to an occult epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck. Laryngoscope 97:1080-1084, 1987.
 
66) Silverman CL, Marks JE, Lee F, et al:Treatment of epidermoid and undifferentiated carcinomas from occult primaries presenting in cervical lymph nodes. Laryngoscope 93:645-648, 1983.
PubMed
67) Wang RC, Goepfert H, Barber AE, et al:Unknown primary squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to the neck. Arch Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 116:1388-1393, 1990.
 
68) Lefebvre JL, Coche-Dequeant B, Van JT, et al:Cervical lymph nodes from an unknown primary tumor in 190 patients. Am. J. Surg. 160:443-446, 1990.
PubMed
69) Mohit-Tabatabai MA, Dasmahapatra KS, Rush Jr BF, et al:Management of squamous cell carcinoma of unknown origin in cervical lymph nodes. Am. Surg. 52:152-154, 1986.
 
70) Forastiere AA:Randomized trials of induction chemotherapy. A critical review. Hematol. /Oncol. Clinics of North Amer. 5:725-736, 1991.
 
71) Mazeron JJ, Martin M, Brun B, et al:Induction chemotherapy in head and neck cancer:Results of a phase III trial. Head Neck 14:85-91, 1992.
PubMed
72) Paccagnella A, Orlando A, Marchiori C, et al:Phase III trial of initial chemotherapy in stage III or IV head and neck cancers. A study by the Gruppo di studio sui tumori della testa e del collo. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:265-272, 1994.
 
73) Jacobs C, Lyman G, Velez-Garcia, et al:A phase III randomized study comparing cisplatin and fluorouracil as single agents and in combination for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:257-263, 1992.
 
74) Clavel M, Vermorken JB, Cognetti F, et al:Randomized comparison of cisplatin, methotrexate, bleomycin and vincristine (CABO) versus cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (CF) versus cisplatin (C) in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. A phase III study of the EORTC head and neck cancer cooperative group. Annals. Oncol. 5:521-526, 1994.
PubMed
75) Merlano M, Vitale V, Rosso R, et al:Treatment of advanced squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck with alternating chemotherapy and radiotherapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 327:1115-1121, 1992.
PubMed
76) Lee NK, Byers RM, Abbruzzese JL, et al:Metastatic adenocarcinoma to the neck from an unknown primary source. Am. J. Surg. 162:306-309, 1991.
 
77) Ringenberg QS, Doll DC, Loy TS, et al:Malignant ascites of unknown origin. Cancer 64:753-755, 1989.
PubMed
78) Muggia FM, Baranda J:Management of peritoneal carcinomatosis of unknown primary tumor site. Semin. Oncol. 20:268-272, 1993.
PubMed
79) Young RC, Perez CA, Hoskins WJ:Cancer of ovary. In Cancer:Principles & Practice of Oncology (edited by Devita VT, Hellman S Jr and Rosenberg SA) , 4th Ed, JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 1226-1263.
 
80) A' Hern RP, Gore ME:Impact of doxorubicin on survival in advanced ovarian cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:726-732, 1995.
PubMed
81) McGuire WP, Hoskins WJ, Brady MF, et al:Taxol and cisplatin (TP) improves outcome in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) as compared to cytoxan and cisplatin (CP) . Proc. ASCO 14:275, 1995.
 
82) Ellerbroek N, Holmes F, Singletary E, et al:Treatment of patients with isolated axillary nodal metastases from an occult primary carcinoma consistent with breast origin. Cancer 66:1461-1467, 1990.
PubMed
83) Vilcoq JR, Calle R, Ferme F, et al:Conservative treatment of axillary adenopathy due to probable subclinical breast cancer. Arch. Surg. 117:1136-1138, 1982.
PubMed
84) Merson M, Andreola S, Galimberti V, et al:Breast carcinoma presenting as axillary metastases without evidence of a primary tumor. Cancer 70:504-508, 1992.
PubMed
85) Rosen PP, Kimmel M:Occult breast carcinoma presenting with axillary lymph node metastases:A follow-up study of 48 patients. Hum. Pathol. 21:518-523, 1990.
PubMed
86) Sporn JR, Greenbeng BR:Empirical chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma of unknown primary tumor site. Semin. Oncol. 20:261-267, 1993.
 
87) Goldberg RM, Smith FP, Ueno W, et al:5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, and mitomycin C in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. J. Clin. Oncol 4:395-399, 1986. '
PubMed
88) Walach N, Horn Y:Combination chemotherapy in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of unknown primary origin. Cancer Treat. Rep. 71:605-607, 1987.
PubMed
89) van der Gaast A, Verweij J, Th Planting A, et al:5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and mitomycin C (FAM) combination chemotherapy for metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 24:765-768, 1988.
 
90) Ahlgren JD, Bern M, Booth B, et al:Protracted infusional 5 FU(PIF) :An active, well tolerated regimen in metastatic adenocarcinoma of undetermined primary(AUP) . A mid-atlantic oncology program(MAOP) study. Proc. ASCO 12:401, 1993.
 
91) Theo Wagener DJ, Pieter HM, de Mulder, et al:Phase II trial of cisplatin for adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site. Eur. J. Cancer 27:755-757, 1991.
 
92) Woods RL, Fox RM, Tattersall MHN, et al:Metastatic adenocarcinomas of unknown primary site. A randomized study of two combination chemotherapy regimens. N. Engl. J. Med. 303:87-89, 1980.
 
93) Milliken ST, Tattersall MHN, Woods RL, et al:Metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site. A randomized study of two combination chemotherapy regimens. Eur. J. Clin. Oncol. 23:1645-1648, 1987.
 
94) Pasterz R, Savaraj N, Burgess M:Prognostic factors in metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1652-1657, 1986.
PubMed
95) Kambhu SA, Kelsen DP, Fiore J, et al:Metastatic adenocarcinomas of unknown primary site. Prognostic variables and treatment results. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:55-60, 1990.
PubMed
96) Alberts AS, Falkson G, Falkson HC, et al:Treatment and prognosis of metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary:Analysis of 100 patients. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 17:188-192, 1989.
PubMed
97) Hainsworth JD, Wright EP, Gray Jr GF, et al:Poorly differentiated carcinoma of unknown primary site:Correlation of light microscopic findings with response to cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1275-1280, 1987.
 
98) Hainsworth JD, Johnson DH, Greco FA:Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of unknown primary site. Ann. Intern. Med. 109:364-371, 1988.
PubMed
99) van der Gaast A, Verweij J, Henzen-Logmans SC, et al:Carcinoma of unknown primary:Identification of a treatable subset? Ann. Oncol. 1:119-122, 1990.
PubMed
100) DeSanto LW, Bryan Neel III H:Squamous cell carcinoma. Metastasis to the neck from an unknown or undiscovered primary. Otolaryngol. Clin. North Am. 18:505-513, 1985
PubMed
101) Tytor M, Olofsson J:Cervical lymph node metastases with occult primary. Clin. Otolaryngol. 11:463-467, 1986.
PubMed
102) Glynne-Jones RGT, Anand AK, Young TE, et al:Metastatic carcinoma in the cervical lymph nodes from an occult primary:A conservative approach to the role of radiotherapy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 18:289-294, 1990.
 
103) Jeremic B, Djuric LJ, Jevremovic S, et al:Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of an unknown primary tumor localized to the neck. J. Chemother. 4:41-45, 1992.
 
104) Wax MK, Briant TDR:Surgery and postoperative radiotherapy in the management of extensive cancer of the cervical lymph nodes from an unknown primary. J. Otolaryngol. 22:34-38, 1993.
 
105) Mckeen E, Smith F, Haidak D, et al:Fluorouracil(F) , adriamycin(A) and mitomycin-C(M) , FAM, for adenocarcinoma of unknown origin(AUO) . Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 21:358, 1980.
 
106) Fiore JJ, Kelsen DP, Gralla RJ, et al:Adenocarcinoma of unknown primary origin:Treatment with vindesine and doxorubicin. Cancer Treat. Rep. 69:591-594, 1985.
PubMed
107) Bruckner HW, Crown J, McKenna A, et al:Leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil as a treatment for disseminated cancer of the pancreas and unknown primary tumors. Cancer Res. 48:5570-5572, 1988.
PubMed
108) Treat J, Falchuk SC, Tremblay C, et al:Phase II trial of methotrexate-FAM (m-FAM) in adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 25:1053-1055, 1989.
 
109) Kelsen D, Coit D, Houston C, et al:Phase II trial of PALA, methotrexate(MTX) , fluorouracil(FU) , and leucovorin(L) in adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site(ACUP) . Proc. ASCO 8:293, 1989.
 
110) de Campos ES, Menasce LP, Radford J, et al:Metastatic carcinoma of uncertain primary site:A retrospective review of 57 patients treated with vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide (VAC) or VAC alternating with cisplatin and etoposide (VAC/PE) . Cancer 73:470-475, 1994.
PubMed
111) Akerley W, Thomas A, Miller M, et al:Phase II trial of oral etoposide for carcinoma of unknown primary(CUP) . Proc. ASCO 13:406, 1994.
 
112) van der Gaast A, Henzen-Longmans SC, Th Planting AS, et al:Phase II study of oral administration of etoposide for patients with well-and moderately-differentiated adenocarcinomas of unknown primary site. Ann. Oncol. 4:789-790, 1993.
 
113) Jadeja J, Legha S, Burgess M, et al:Combination chemotherapy with 5-FU, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and cis-platinum(FACP) in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of unknown primary(ACUP) and undifferentiated carcinoma(UCUP) . Proc. ASCO 2:237, 1983.
 
114) Becouarn Y, Brunet R, Barbe-Gaston C:Fluorouracil, doxorubicin, cisplatin and altretamine in the treatment of metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 25:861-865, 1989.
PubMed
115) Ruffie P, Izzo J, Cvitkovic E, et al:Treatment of unknown primary adenocarcinoma(UPA) with fluorouracil(F) , mitomycin(M) , epirubicin(E) , and platinum(P) . Proc. ASCO 10:301, 1991.
 
116) Lenzi R, Raber MN, Frost P, et al:Phase II study of Cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary origin. Eur. J. Cancer 29 A:1634, 1993.
 
117) Raber MN, Faintuch J, Abbruzzese JL, et al:Continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil, etoposide and cis-diamminedichloro-platinum in patients with metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary origin. Ann. Oncol. 2:519-520, 1991.
 
118) Pavlidis N, Kosmidis P, Skarlos D, et al:Subsets of tumors responsive to cisplatin or carboplatin combinations in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary site. Ann. Oncol. 3:631-634, 1992.
 
119) Trudeau M, Thirlwell MP, Boos G, et al:Cancer of unknown primary syndrome (CUPS) :Predictive value of CA-125 in patients treated with 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and cisplatin(FAP) . Proc. ASCO 12:399, 1993.
 
120) Piga A, Cardarelli N, Catalano V, et al:Cancer of unknown primary site (UPT) :A collaborative study on diagnosis and treatment. Proc. ASCO 13:404, 1994.
 
121) Merrouche Y, Lasset C, Trillet-Lenoir V, et al:Phase II study of cis platinum(CDDP) and etoposide(E) in a subgroup of patients(PT) with carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) . Proc. ASCO 13:401, 1994.
 
122) Gill I, Guaglianone P, Grunberg SM, et al:High dose intensity of cisplatin and etoposide in adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. Anticancer Res. 11:1225-1230, 1991.
 
123) Shildt RA, Kennedy PS, Timothy Chen T, et al:Management of patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown origin. A Southwest Oncology Group Study. Cancer Treat. Rep. 67:77-79, 1983.
 
124) Eagan RT, Therneau TM, Rubin J, et al:Lack of value for cisplatin added to mitomycindoxorubicin combination chemotherapy for carcinoma of unknown primary site. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:82-85, 1987.
PubMed

49. 腫瘍関連緊急対策

P.1151 掲載の参考文献
1) Roswit B, Kaplan G, Jacobson HG:The superior vena cava obstruction syndrome in bronchogenic carcinoma. Radiology 61:722-737, 1953.
PubMed
2) Perez CA, Presant CA, Van AA 3:Management of superior vena cava syndrome. Semin. Oncol. 5:123-134, 1978.
 
3) 今泉宗久, 渡辺英世, 竹内誠次郎:上大静脈症候群の診断と治療指針. 外科治療72:1-7, 1995.
 
4) 呉屋朝幸:縦隔腫瘍とクリティカルケア. がん患者のクリティカルケア (土屋了介編) , 初版, 中外医学社, 東京, 1991, pp. 152-160.
 
5) Ehrlich W, Ballon HC, Graham EA:Superior vena caval obstruction with a consideration of the possible relief of symptoms by mediastinal decompression. J. Thorac. Surg. 3:352-364, 1934.
 
6) Glover DJ, Grabelsky S, Glick JH:Oncological emergencies and special complications. In Medical Oncology (edited by Calabresi P and Schein PS) , 2nd Ed, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1993, pp. 1021-1072.
 
7) Davenport D, Ferree C, Blake D, et al:Radiation therapy in the treatment of superior vena caval obstruction. Cancer 42:2600-2603, 1978.
PubMed
8) Schraufnagel DE, Hill R, Leech JA, et al.:Superior vena caval obstruction. Is it a medical emergency? Am. J. Med. 70:1169-1174, 1981.
PubMed
9) Sculier J, Feld R:Superior vena cava obstruction syndrome:recommendations for management. Cancer Treat. Rev. 12:209-218, 1985.
PubMed
10) Ahmann FR:A reassessment of the clinical implications of the superior vena caval syndrome. [Review] . J. Clin. Oncol. 2:961-969, 1984.
PubMed
11) Carabell SC, Goodman RL:Oncologic emergencies:Superior vena cava syndrome. In Cancer-Principles and Practice of Oncology (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , 2nd Ed, JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1985, pp. 1855-1860.
 
12) Carlson HA:Obstruction of the superior vena cava:An experimental study. Arch. Surg. 29:669-677, 1934.
 
13) Choi NC, Carey RW:Importance of radiation dose in achieving improved locoregional tumor control in limited stage small-cell lung carcinoma:an update. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 17:307-310, 1989.
PubMed
14) Cox JD, Azarnia N, Byhardt RW, et al:A randomized phase I/II trial of hyperfractionated radiation therapy with total doses of 60. O Gy to 79. 2 Gy:possible survival benefit with greater than or equal to 69. 6 Gy in favorable patients with Radiation Therapy Oncology Group stage III non-small-cell lung carcinoma:report of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 83-11. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1543-1555, 1990.
PubMed
15) Perez CA, Stanley K, Rubin P, et al:A prospective randomized study of various irradiation doses and fractionation schedules in the treatment of inoperable non-oat-cell carcinoma of the lung. Preliminary report by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Cancer 45:2744-2753, 1980.
 
16) Urban T, Lebeau B, Chastang C, et al:Superior vena cava syndrome in small-cell lung cancer. Arch. Intern. Med. 153:384-387, 1993.
PubMed
17) Van Houtte P, De Jager R, Lustman-Marechal J, et al:Prognostic value of the superior vena cava syndrome as the presenting sign of small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. Eur. J. Cancer 16:1447-1450, 1980.
 
18) 木村 哲, 佐藤 豊, 阿部 薫:腫瘍随伴高カルシウム血症. 腫瘍随伴症候群 (井村裕夫, 高久史麿編) , 第一版, サイエンスフォーラム, 東京, 1987, pp. 85-100.
 
19) Bunn PAJ, Schechter GP, Jaffe E, et al:Clinical course of retrovirus-associated adult T-cell lymphoma in the United States. N. Engl. J Med. 309:257-264, 1983.
 
20) Grill V, Ho P, Body JJ, et al:Parathyroid hormone-related protein:elevated levels in both humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy and hypercalcemia complicating metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 73:1309-1315, 1991.
PubMed
21) 佐藤幹二:悪性腫瘍に伴う高カルシウム血症. カルシウム代謝異常-新しい診断法と治療法 (佐藤幹二編) , 第一版, 中外医学社, 東京, 1995, pp. 72-101.
 
22) Moseley JM, Kubota M, Diefenbach-Jagger H, et al:Parathyroid hormone-related protein purified from a human lung cancer cell line. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:5048-5052, 1987.
PubMed
23) Strewler GJ, Stern PH, Jacobs JW, et al:Parathyroid hormonelike protein from human renal carcinoma cells. Structural and functional homology with parathyroid hormone. J. Clin. Invest. 80:1803-1807, 1987.
PubMed
24) Stewart AF, Wu T, Goumas D, et al:N-terminal amino acid sequence of two novel tumor-derived adenylate cyclase-stimulating proteins:identification of parathyroid hormone-like and parathyroid hormone-unlike domains. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 146:672-678, 1987.
PubMed
25) Mangin M, Webb AC, Dreyer BE, et al:Identification of a cDNA encoding a parathyroid hormone-like peptide from a human tumor associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:597-601, 1988.
PubMed
26) Suva LJ, Winslow GA, Wettenhall RE, et al:A parathyroid hormone-related protein implicated in malignant hypercalcemia:cloning and expression. Science 237:893-896, 1987.
PubMed
27) Kukreja SC, Shevrin DH, Wimbiscus SA, et al:Antibodies to parathyroid hormone-related protein lower serum calcium in athymic mouse models of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia due to human tumors. J. Clin. Invest. 82:1798-1802, 1988.
PubMed
28) Sato K, Yamakawa Y, Shizume K, et al:Passive immunization with anti-parathyroid hormone-related protein monoclonal antibody markedly prolongs survival time of hypercalcemic nude mice bearing transplanted human PTHrP-producing tumors. J. Bone Miner. Res. 8:849-860, 1993.
PubMed
29) Tsuchihashi T, Yamaguchi K, Miyake Y, et al:Parathyroid hormone-related protein in tumor tissues obtained from patients with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:40-44, 1990.
PubMed
30) 山口 建:電解質異常, 内分泌障害. がん患者のクリティカルケア, 初版, 中外医学社, 東京, 1991, pp. 69-77.
 
31) Warrell RPJ:Metabolic emergencies-Oncologic Emergencies. In Cancer Principles and Practice of Oncology, (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , 4th Ed, J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 2128-2137.
 
32) Billings JA:進行癌の内分泌的問題In Outpatient management of advanced cancer, 1st Ed, 日本語訳 星野恵津夫, 医学書院, 東京, 1991, pp. 100-102.
 
33) 松本俊夫, 藤田拓男, 江藤澄哉・他:悪性腫瘍に伴う高カルシウム血症患者における pamidronate disodium (AHPrBP) の用量設定試験臨床医薬 8:605-629, 1992.
 
34) Sato K, Imaki T, Toraya S, et al:Increased 1, 25-(OH) 2D2 concentration in a patient with malignancy-associated hypercalcemia receiving intravenous hyperalimentation inadvertently supplemented with vitamin D2. Int. Med. 32:886-890, 1993.
 
35) Bunn PAJ, Ridgway EC:Paraneoplastic Syndromes. In Cancer Principles and Practice of Oncology (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , 4th Ed, J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 2026-2071.
 
36) Lockton JA, Thatcher N:A retrospective study of thirty-two patients with small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Clin. Radiol. 37:47-50, 1986.
PubMed
37) Trump DL:Serious hyponatremia in patients with cancer:management with demeclocycline. Cancer 47:2908-2912, 1981.
PubMed
38) Goldberg M:Hyponatremia. Med. Clin. North. Am. 65:251-269, 1981.
PubMed
39) DeFronzo RA, Thier SO:Pathophysiologic approach to hyponatremia. Arch. Intern. Med. 140:897-902, 1980.
PubMed
40) Cogan E, Debieve MF, Philipart I, et al:High plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor in SIADH [letter]. N. Engl. J. Med. 3 14:1258-1259, 1986.
 
41) Kamoi K, Ebe T, Hasegawa A, et al:Hyponatremia in small cell lung cancer. Mechanisms not involving inappropriate ADH secretion. Cancer 60:1089-1093, 1987.
 
42) Glover D:Oncologic emergencies:Metabolic emergencies. In Mannual of Oncologic Therapeutics (edited by Macdonald JS, Haller DG and Mayer RJ) , 3rd Ed, JB Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 352-360.
 
43) Cohen MH, Bunn P Jr, Ihde DC, et al:Chemotherapy rather than demeclocycline for inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone [letter]. N. Engl. J. Med. 298:1423-1424, 1978.
PubMed
44) Yamamura Y, Ogawa H, Yamashita H, et al:Characterization of a novel aquaretic agent, OPC-31260, as an orally effective, nonpeptide vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist. Br. J. Phamacol. 105:787-791, 1992.
 
45) Fujisawa G, Ishikawa S, Tsuboi Y, et al:Therapeutic efficacy of non-peptide ADH antagonist OPC-31260 in SIADH rats. Kidney Int. 44:19-23, 1993.
 
46) Klinenberg JR, Kippen I, Bluestone R:Hyperuricemic nephropathy:pathologic features and factors influencing urate deposition. Nephron 14:88-98, 1975.
PubMed
47) Robinson RR, Yarger WE:Acute uric acid nephropathy [editorial]. Arch. Intern. Med. 137:839-840, 1977.
PubMed
48) Kjellstrand CM, Cambell D 2, von Hartitzsch B, et al:Hyperuricemic acute renal failure. Arch Intern. Med. 133:349-359, 1974.
 
49) Kahn CR:The riddle of tumour hypoglycaemia revisited. [Review]. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 9:335-360, 1980.
PubMed
50) McFadzean AJ, Yeung RT:Further observations on hypoglycaemia in hepatocellular carcinoma. Am. J. Med. 47:220-235, 1969.
PubMed
51) Smith RJ:Hypoglycemia. In Joslin's Diabetes Mellitus (edited by Marble A) , 12 Ed, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1985, pp. 867-881.
 
52) 吉沢祥子, 池田義雄:低血糖症候群. 日本臨牀 別冊領域別シリーズ 上, 1993, pp. 212-216.
 
53) Tisdale MJ, Brennan RA:Metabolic substrate utilization by a tumour cell line which induces cachexia in vivo. Br. J. Cancer 54:601-606, 1986.
PubMed
54) Davis MR, Shamoon H:Deficient counterregulatory hormone responses during hypoglycemia in a patient with insulinoma. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 72:788-792, 1991.
 
55) Stefanini P, Carboni M, Patrassi N, et al:Beta-islet cell tumors of the pancreas:results of a study on 1, 067 cases. Surgery 75:597-609, 1974.
 
56) Samaan NA, Pham FK, Sellin RV, et al:Successful treatment of hypoglycemia using glucagon in a patient with an extrapancreatic tumor. Ann. Intern. Med. 113:404-406, 1990.
 
P.1164 掲載の参考文献
1) 遠城寺宗知, 森 正樹, 安達洋祐:胃・大腸末期癌の病理学的解析. 臨床と研究63:717-726, 1986.
 
2) 朝沼 榎, 野村秀洋, 東 剛造・他:胃癌穿孔例の検討-自験例6例と本邦報告例 128例の検討-. 鹿児島大医誌31:113-118, 1977.
 
3) 戸田耕太郎, 広瀬周平, 片岡和男・他:胃癌穿孔手術例の検討. 日消外会誌16:1645-1649, 1983.
 
4) 河村武徳, 小長英二, 榎本正満・他:胃癌穿孔例の検討-自験例8例と本邦報告116例について-. 日消外会誌18:980-983, 1985.
 
5) 石橋久夫, 宮田道夫:胃癌穿孔例の外科治療について-自験例の検討と文献的考察. 日臨外医会誌46:226-232, 1985.
 
6) 北島政樹, 鳥居治文, 依田一郎・他:胃癌における穿孔・出血. 臨外40:343-348, 1985.
 
7) 三浦敏夫, 石井俊世, 下山孝俊・他:胃癌穿孔の外科治療. 外科47:1522-1526, 1985.
 
8) 池口正英, 坂本秀夫, 田村英明・他:胃癌穿孔の臨床病理学的検討. 日臨外医会誌47:343-347, 1986.
 
9) 三上泰徳, 小澤正則, 杉山 譲・他:胃癌穿孔症例の検討. 日消外会誌19:2280-2283, 1986.
 
10) 佐藤行夫, 添田 修, 福田 豊・他:胃癌穿孔に関する臨床的検討. 外科診療28:1171-1174, 1986.
 
11) 柴田信博, 野口貞夫, 田村茂行・他:早期胃癌穿孔の治療と予後. 消化器外科9:1163-1166, 1986.
 
12) 石橋敏光, 竹吉 泉, 白倉外茂夫:胃癌穿孔の3例-とくに早期胃癌穿孔について-. 消化器外科10:373-377, 1987.
 
13) 平山廉三, 仁瓶善郎, 浜田節雄・他:消化管穿孔の対策-胃癌穿孔-. 臨外42:325-329, 1987.
 
14) 真弓俊彦, 蜂須賀喜多男, 山口晃弘・他:多彩な肉眼所見を呈した早期胃癌穿孔の1例. 癌の臨床33:411-416, 1987.
 
15) 伊藤重彦, 大江久囲, 徳山 昇・他:胃潰瘍及び胃癌穿孔症例の検討. 日臨外医会誌49:844-847, 1988.
 
16) 中崎隆行, 橋本芳徳, 伊福真澄・他:胃癌穿孔例の検討 日臨外医会誌50:949-953, 1989.
 
17) 中越 享, 猪野睦征, 橋口勝敏・他:陥凹型早期胃癌穿孔の2例. 消化器外科14:233-238, 1991.
 
18) 向井正哉, 近藤泰理, 生越喬二・他:術中内視鏡が有用であった早期胃癌穿孔の1例-本邦早期胃癌穿孔45例の検討-. 日臨外医会誌53:1869-1873, 1992.
 
19) 笠倉雄-, 村山 公, 山形基夫・他:胃癌穿孔症例の臨床病理学的検討. 外科55:561-564, 1993.
 
20) 田辺 博, 渡辺 進, 橋本高志・他:胃癌穿孔症例の検討. 癌の臨床39:663-667, 1993.
 
21) 友田信之, 内野良彦, 池田秀郎・他:胃癌穿孔手術例の検討. 日臨外医会誌54:3071-3076, 1993.
 
22) Aird I:Perforation of carcinoma of the stomach into the general peritoneal cavity. Br. J. Surg. 22:545-554, 1935.
 
23) McNealy RW, Hedin RF:Perforation in gastric carcinoma. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 67:818-823, 1938.
 
24) Bisgard JD:Gastric resection for certain acute perforated lesions of stomach and duodenum with diffuse soiling of the peritoneal cavity. Surgery 17:498-509, 1945.
 
25) Wilson TS:Free perforation in malignancies of the stomach. Can. J. Surg. 9:357-364, 1966.
PubMed
26) Cortese AF, Zahn D, Cornell GN:Perforation in gastric malignancy. J. Surg. Oncol. 4:190-206, 1972.
PubMed
27) Stechenberg L, Bunch RH, Anderson MC:The surgical therapy for perforated gastric cancer. Am. Surg. 47:208-210, 1981.
PubMed
28) Gertsch P, Yip SKH, Chow LWC, et al:Free perforation of gastric carcinoma. Results of surgical treatment. Arch. Surg. 130:177-181, 1995.
 
29) Goligher JC, Smiddy FG:The treatment of acute obstruction or perforation with carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Br. J. Surg. 45:270-274, 1957.
PubMed
30) Glenn F, McSherry CK:Obstruction and perforation in colorectal cancer. Ann. Surg. 173:983-992, 1971.
PubMed
31) Phillips RKS, Hittinger R, Fry JS, et al:Malignant large bowel obstruction. Br. J. Surg. 72:296-302, 1985.
 
32) Crowder VH Jr, Cohn I Jr:Perforation in cancer of the colon and rectum. Dis. Colon Rectum 10:415-420, 1967.
PubMed
33) Deans GT, Krukowski ZH, Irwin ST:Malignant obstruction of the left colon. Br. J. Surg. 81:1270-1276, 1994.
PubMed
34) McGregor JR, O'Dwyer PJ:The surgical management of obstruction and perforation of the left colon. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 177:203-208, 1993.
PubMed
35) Umpleby HC, Williamson RCN:Survival in acute obstructing colorectal carcinoma. Dis. Colon Rectum 27:299-304, 1984.
 
36) Irvin TT, Greaney MG:The treatment on colonic cancer presenting with intestinal obstruction. Br. J. Surg. 64:741-744, 1977.
PubMed
37) Bakker F, Hoitsma H, Denotter G:The Hartmann procedure. Br. J. Surg. 69:580-582, 1982.
 
38) Koruth NM, Krukowski ZH, Youngson GG:Intra-operative colonic irrigation in the management of Ieft-sided large bowel emergencies. Br. J. Surg. 72:708-711, 1985.
 
39) Gerber A, Thompson RJ:Use of a tube caecostomy to lower the mortality in acute large intestinal obstruction due to carcinoma. Am. J. Surg. 110:893-896, 1965.
PubMed
40) Ohman U:Prognosis in patients with obstructing colorectal carcinoma. Am. J. Surg. 143:742-747, 1982.
PubMed
41) Carson SN, Poticha SM, Shields TW:Carcinoma obstructing the left side of the colon. Arch. Surg. 112:523-526, 1977.
PubMed
42) Pearce NW, Scott SD, Karran SJ:Timing and method of reversal of Hartmann's procedure. Br. J. Surg. 79:839-841, 1992.
 
43) Keck JO, Collopy BT, Ryan PJ, et al:Reversal of Hartmann's procedure. Effect of timingand technique on ease and safety. Dis. Colon Rectum 37:243-248, 1994.
 
44) Mosdell DM, Doberneck RC:Morbidity and mortality of ostomy closure. Am. J. Surg. 162:633-637, 1991.
PubMed
45) Roe AM, Prabhu S, Ali A, et al:Reversal of Hartmann's procedure. Timing and operative technique. Br. J. Surg. 78:1167-1170, 1991.
 
46) Foster ME, Leaper DJ, Williamson RCN:Changing pattern in colostomy closure. The Bristolexperience 1975-1982. Br. J. Surg. 72:142-145, 1985.
 
47) Madden JL:Primary resection and anastomosis in the treatment of perforated lesions of thecolon. Am. J. Surg. 31:781-786, 1965.
 
48) Muir EG:Safety in colonic resection. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 61:401-408, 1968.
PubMed
49) Dudley HAF, Radcliffe AG, McGeechan D:Intraoperative irrigation of colon to permitprimary anastomosis. Br. J. Surg. 67:80-81, 1980.
 
50) Foster ME, Johnson CS, Billings PJ, et al:Intra-operative antegrade lavage and anastomotichealing in acute colonic obstruction. Dis. Colon Rectum 29:255-259, 1986.
 
51) Pollock AV, Playforth MJ, Evans M:Perioperative lavage of the obstructed left colon toallow safe primary anastomosis. Dis. Colon Rectum 30:171-173, 1987.
 
52) Tan SG, Nambiar R, Rauff A, et al:Primary resection and anastomosis in obstructed descending colon due to cancer. Arch. Surg. 126:748-751, 1991.
PubMed
53) Stewart J, Diament RH, Brennan TG:Management of obstructing lesions of the left colon by resction, on-table lavage, and primary anastomosis. Surgery 114:502-505, 1993.
 
54) Meijer S, Hoitsma HFW, van Loenhout RM:Intraoperative antegrade irrigation in complicated left-sided colonic cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 40:88-89, 1989.
 
55) Banich FE, Mendak SJ Jr:Intraoperative colonic irrigation with povidone iodine. An effectivemethod of wound sepsis prevention. Dis. Colon Rectum 32:219-222, 1989.
 
56) Hughes ESR:Carcinoma of the upper left colon. Aust. N. Z. J. Surg. 35:192-194, 1966.
 
57) Klatt GR, Martin WHM, Gillesple JT:Subtotal colectomy with primary anastomosis without diversion in the treatment of obstructing carcinoma of the left colon. Am. J. Surg. 141:577-578, 1981.
 
58) Glass RL, Smith LE, Cochran RC:Subtotal colectomy for obstructing carcinoma of the leftcolon. Am. J. Surg. 145:335-336, 1983.
 
59) Deutsch AA, Zeilikovski A, Sternberg A, et al:One-stage subtotal colectomy with anastomosis for obstructing carcinoma of the left colon. Dis. Colon Rectum 26:227-230, 1983.
PubMed
60) Hughes ESR, McDermott FT, Polglase AL, et al:Total and subtotal colectomy for colonicobstruction. Dis. Colon Rectum 28:162-163, 1985.
 
61) Morgan WP, Jenkins WP, Lewis P, et al:Management of obstructing carcinoma of the leftcolon by extended right hemicolectomy. Am. J. Surg. 149:327-329, 1985.
 
62) Stephenson BM, Shandall AA, Farouk R, et al:Malignant left-sided large bowel onstruction managed by subtotal/total colectomy. Br. J. Surg. 77:1098-1102, 1990.
 
63) Halevy A, Levi J, Orda R:Emergency subtotal colectomy. A new trend for treatment of obstructing carcinoma of the left colon. Ann. Surg. 210:220-223, 1989.
PubMed
64) Runkel NS, Schlag P, Schwarz V, et al:Outcome after emergency surgery for cancer of the large intestine. Br. J. Surg. 78:183-188, 1991.
PubMed
65) Leitman IM, Sullivan JD, Brams D, et al:Multivariate analysis of morbidity and mortality from the initial surgical management of obstructing carcinoma of the left colon. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 174:513-518, 1992.
PubMed
66) Nespoli A, Ravizzini C, Trivella M, et al:The choice of surgical procedure for peritonitis dueto colonic perforation. Arch. Surg. 128:814-818, 1993.
 
67) Chearanai O, Plengvanit U:Spontaneous rupture of primary hepatoma. Cancer 51:1532-1536, 1983.
 
68) Miyamoto M, Sudo T, Kuyama T:Spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. A review of 172 Japanese cases. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 86:67-71, 1991.
PubMed
69) 岡崎正敏, 佐藤 茂, 山崎壮一・他:肝細胞癌破裂症例に対する緊急肝動脈塞栓術. 腹部画像診断12:199-205, 1992.
 
70) Chen MF, Jan YY, Lee TY:Transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization followed by hepaticresection for the spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 58:332-335, 1986.
 
71) Yamada R, Sato M, Kawabata M, 33 Hepatic artery embolization in 120 patients withunresectable hepatoma. Radiology 148:397-401, 1983.
 
72) Sato Y, Fujiwara K, Furui S, et al:Benefit of transcatheter arterial embolization for ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma complicating liver cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 89:157-159, 1985.
PubMed
73) Hirai K, Kawazoe Y, Yamashita K, et al:Transcatheter arterial embolization for spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 81:275-279, 1986.
PubMed
74) Hsieh JS, Huang CJ, Huagng YS, et al:Intraperitoneal hemorrhage due to spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment by hepatic artery embolization. AJR 149:715-717, 1987.
 
75) Okazaki M, Higashihara H, Koganemaru F, et al:Intraperitoneal hemorrhage from hepatocellular carcinoma. Emergency chemoembolization or embolization. Radiology 180:647-651, 1991.
PubMed
76) Corr P, Chan M, Lau WY, et al:The role of hepatic arterial embolization in the management of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin. Radiol. 48:163-165, 1993.
PubMed
77) 有賀 淳, 高崎 健, 済陽高穂・他:肝癌破裂に対する治療法の検討. 腹部救急診療の進歩11:363-365, 1991.
 
78) 片方直人, 星野正美, 菅野正彦・他:原発性肝癌破裂の3例. 日臨外医会誌53:1192-1196, 1992.
 
79) Ong GM, Taw JL:Spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. BMJ iv 146-149, 1972.
 
80) Chen MF, Hwang TL, Jeng LB, et al:Surgical treatment for spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 167:99-102, 1988.
PubMed
81) Dewar GA, Griffin SM, Ku KW, et al:Management of bleeding tumours in Hong Kong. Br. J. Surg. 78:463-466, 1991.
 
82) Cherqui D, Panis Y, Rotman N, et al:Emergency liver resection for spontaneous rupture ofhepatocellular carcinoma complicating cirrhosis. Br. J. Surg. 80:747-749, 1993.
 
83) 菅原克彦, 和田敏夫, 飯村 譲・他:肝臓癌における肝臓破裂. 臨外40:357-362, 1985.
 
84) Lai ECS, Wu KM, Choi TK, et al:Spontaneous ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma. Anappraisal of surgical treatment. Ann. Surg. 210:24-28, 1989.
 
85) Sunderland GT, Chisholm EM, Lau WY, et al:Alcohol injection. A treatment for ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma. Surg. Oncol. 1:61-63, 1992.
PubMed
86) Chearanai O, Plengvanit U, Asavanich C, et al:Spontaneous rupture of primary hepatoma. Report of 63 cases with particular reference to the pathogenesis and rationale treatment byhepatic artery ligation. Cancer 51:1532-1536, 1983.
 
87) Inoue S, Nagao T, Wakabayashi T, et al:Spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. An approach with delayed hepatectomy. Surgery Today 22:474-480, 1992.
PubMed
88) Xu HS, Yan JB:Conservative management of spontaneous ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma. Am. Surg. 60:629-633, 1994.
PubMed
89) Kanematsu M, Imaeda T, Yamawaki Y, et al:Rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. Predictive value of CT findings. AJR 158:1247-1250, 1992.
PubMed
90) Kew MC, Hodkinson J:Rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma as a result of blunt abdominal trauma. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 86:1083-1085, 1991.
PubMed
91) Sonoda T, Kanematsu T, Takenaka K, et al:Ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma evokes risk of implanted metastases. J. Surg. Oncol. 41:183-186, 1989.
PubMed
92) 斉藤勝彦, 木澤和夫, 中沼安二:腹膜転移を認めた肝細胞癌の病理学的特徴. 病理と臨床12:239-245, 1994.
 
93) Shirabe K, Kitamura M, Tsutsui S, et al:Along-term survivor of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic resection. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 10:351-354, 1995.
 
P.1173 掲載の参考文献
1) 斎田幸久, 角田博子, 松枝 清・他:胃癌と閉塞性尿路障害. 日本医放会誌50:390-397, 1990.
 
2) Akumal M, Kaptein EM, Bertram J, et al:Acuterenal failure due to bilateral ureteral obstruction by metastases from breast cancer. Nephron 42:23-28, 1986.
 
3) Yoshida K, Nishimura T:Ureteral stent encrustation. Acta Urol. Jpn. 29:937-939, 1983.
 
4) Baum N, Anhalt M, Carlton CE:Post-obstructive diuresis. J. Urol. 114:53-56, 1975.
PubMed
5) 畠 亮, 長倉和彦, 橘 政昭・他:尿管閉塞性腎不全の閉塞解除後における腎機能回復の経時的 観察とpost-obstructive diuresisについて. 日泌尿会誌75:81-88, 1984.
 
6) Miura K, Goldstein RS, Pasino DA, et al:Cisplatin nephrotoxicity:Role of filtration and tubular transport of cisplatin in isolated perfused kidneys. Toxicology 44:147-158, 1987.
PubMed
7) 玄番宗一:シスプラチンによる急性腎不全. 腎と透析31 (増刊) :421-425, 1991.
 
8) 与儀実夫, 池内隆夫, 甲斐祥生:CDDP腎毒性に対するFosfomycinの予防効果の検討. 泌尿紀要 35:615-621, 1989.
 
9) Naganuma A, Satoh M, Imura N:Prevention of lethal and renal toxicity of cis-Diamminedich-loro-platinum (II) by induction of Metallothionein synthesis without compromising its antitumor activity in mice. Cancer Res. 47:983-987, 1987.
 
10) 外西寿彦, 波多江正紀, 大西義孝:CDDPのtwo channel chemotherapy. 産婦人科の実際35:1739-1745, 1986.
 
11) 西田正人, 市川喜仁, 西出 健・他:UlinastatinがCDDPの抗腫瘍作用に及ぼす影響とその腎毒性軽減効果. 日癌治誌26:1527-1534, 1991.
 
12) Ross DA, Gale GR:Reduction of the renal toxicity of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) by probenecid. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63:781-787, 1979.
PubMed
13) Condit PT, Chanes RE, Joel W:Renal toxicity of methotrexate. Cancer 23:126-131, 1969.
PubMed
14) Sigman M, Howards SS:Male infertility-gonadotoxic agent-. Campbell's Urology (edited by Walsh PC, Retic AB, Stamey TA and Vaughan ED) , 6th Ed, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1992, pp. 684.
 
15) 吉田 修, 橋村孝幸.:性機能障害とその対策. がん化学療法の副作用対策 (吉田清-編) . 第1版, 先端医学社, 東京, 1992, pp. 345-352.
 
16) 川島康平, 竹山邦彦:抗癌化学療法後の精巣障害. 図説泌尿器科学講座第4巻 (三宅弘治編) . 第1版, メジカルレビュー社, 東京, 1991, pp. 185-187.
 
17) 南部明民, 熊本悦明, 新田俊-・他:精巣腫瘍症例における精子形成能障害の検討. 日泌会誌86:1123-1131, 1995.
 
18) Lange PH, Narayan P, Vogelzang NJ, et al:Return of fertility after treatment for non-seminomatous testicular cancer:Changing concepts. J. Urol. 129:1131-1135, 1983.
 
19) Charak BS, Gupta R, Mandekar P, et al:Testicular dysfunction after Cyclophosphamide-Vincristine-Procarbazine-Prednisolone chemotherapy after advanced Hodgkin's disease. Cancer 65:1903-1906, 1990.
 
20) Kreuser ED, Klingmuller D, Thiel E:The role of LHRH-analogues in protecting gonadal functions during chemotherapy and irradiation. Eur, Urol. 23:157-164, 1993.
PubMed
21) Berthelesen JG, Skakkebaek NE:Gonadal function in men with testis cancer. Fertil. Steril. 39:68-75, 1983.
 
22) 古畑哲彦, 小川勝明, 穂坂正彦・他:睾丸腫瘍患者の治療後の睾丸機能に関する研究. 第2編放射線治療後の下垂体-精巣系機能について. 日泌会誌76:1029-1034, 1985.
 
23) 木原和徳, 佐藤健次, 安藤正夫:射精の神経支配. IMPOTENCE 7:66-71, 1992.
Medical*Online
24) Cox PJ:Cyclophosphamide cystitis:Identification of acrolein as the causative agent. Bio-chemical Pharmacol. 28:2045-2049, 1979.
 
25) Thomas JS, Ralph CB:Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Cancer 61:451-457, 1988.
 
26) Lawrence HJ, Simone J:Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in children with leukemia. Cancer 36:1572-1576, 1975
PubMed
27) Brock N, Pohl J:The development of mesna for regional detoxification. Cancer Treat. Rev. 10:33-43, 1983.
PubMed
28) 岸 幹雄, 明比直樹・他:頑固な膀胱出血に対するミョウバン溶液潅流療法の検討. 西日泌尿48:1643-1646, 1986.
 
29) Mahesh AP, Kumar EL et al:Silver nitrate irrigation to control bladder hemorrhage in children receiving cancer therapy. J. Urol. 116:85-86, 1976.
 
30) Fall M, Petterson S:Ureteral complication after intravesical Formalin instillation. J. Urol. 122:160-162, 1979.
 
31) 川越 厚, 川名 尚:放射線治療後の出血性膀胱炎, 直腸炎に対するマーロックス注入療法. 日癌治誌24:1545-1550, 1989.
 
32) Levine LA, Jarrard DF:Treatment of Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis with intravesical carboprost tromethamine. J. Urol. 149:719-723, 1993.
PubMed
33) Goldberg ID, Garnick MB, Bloomer WD, et al:Urinary tract toxic effects of cancer therapy. J. Urol. 132:1-6, 1984.
PubMed
34) Rijkmans BG, Bakker DJ, Dabhoiwala NF, et al:Successful treatment of radiation cystitis with hyperbaric oxygen. Eur. Urol. 16:354-356, 1989
PubMed
35) Lee HC, Liu CS, Chiao C, et al:Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in hemorrhagic radiation cystitis.:A report of 20 cases. Undersea-Hyperba. -Med. 24:321-327, 1994.
 
36) 大木繁男, 舛井秀宣, 今井信介・他:直腸癌に対する自律神経温存術後の生存率と局所再発率. 日本大腸肛門病会誌45:1132-1138, 1992.
 
37) 金子茂男:排尿機構に関する検討, 第11報子宮頸癌根治術後の神経因性膀胱. 日泌尿会誌75:561-579, 1984.
 
38) Chang PL, Fan HA:Urodynamic studies before and / or after abdominal resection of the rectum for carcinoma. J Urol. 130:948-951, 1984.
PubMed
39) 藤本佳則, 上野一哉, 山田伸一郎・他:清潔間欠導尿法の臨床的検討. 泌尿紀要20:309-313, 1994.
 

50. 支持療法

P.1190 掲載の参考文献
1) 平賀一陽, 水口公信, 尾山 力:癌の合併症対策, 4) 疼痛;日本における癌患者の疼痛および鎮痛法の実態. 日本臨牀47 (増刊号) :749-758, 1989
 
2) Raja SN, Meyer RA, Campbell JN:Peripheral mechanisms of somatic pain. Anesthesiology 68:571-590, 1988.
PubMed
3) Skilling SR, Smulling DH, Beitz A, et al:Extracellular amino acid concentraions in the dorsal spinal cord of freely moving rats following veratridine and nociceptive stimulation. J. Neuro chem. 51:127-132, 1988.
 
4) Sato K, Kiyama H, Park HT, et al:AMPA, KA and NMDA receptors are expressed in the rat DRG neurons. Neuro. Report 4:1263-1265, 1993.
 
5) Aaria A, Gamse R, Petermann J, et al:Simultaneous release of several tachykinins and calcitonin generated peptide from rat spinal cord slices. Neurosci. Lett. 63:310-314, 1986
 
6) Willis WD:Control of nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord. Progr. Sensory Physiol. 3:1-159, 1982.
 
7) Mantyh PW:The ascending input to the mid-brain periaqueductal gray of the primate. J. Comp. Neurol. 211:50-64, 1982.
 
8) Bonica JJ:Cancer Pain. In The Management of Pain (edited by Bonica JJ) , 2nd Ed, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1990, pp. 400-460.
 
9) 水口公信, 下山直人, 飯島一彦・他:癌性痔痛(I) 麻酔科の立場から. KARKINOS 2:887-893, 1989.
 
10) Melzack R:The McGill Pain Questionnaire:major properties and scoring methods. Pain 1:277-299, 1975.
PubMed
11) 百合野公庸, 無敵剛介, 渡辺誠之・他:疼痛質問表による痛みの評価. ペインクリニック7:569-576, 1986.
 
12) Kremer EF, Atkinson JH, Ignelzi RH:Pain measurement:The affective dimensional measure of the McGill Pain Questionnaire with a cencer population. Pain 12:153-164, 1982.
 
13) Tong D, Gillick L, Hendrickson FR:The palliation of symptomatic osseous metstases:Final results of the study by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Cancer 50:893-899, 1982.
 
14) World Health Organization:Cancer Pain Relief. WHO, Geneva (武田文和訳:がんの痛みからの解放. 金原出版, 東京, 1987) .
 
15) 平賀一陽横川陽子, 西野 卓・他:麻薬投与法の実際-副作用防止対策, 補助薬投与などを含めて-. 月刊薬事30:2071-2079, 1988.
 
16) Behar M, Magora F, Ohlswang, et al:Epidural morphine in treatment of pain. Lancet 1:527-528, 1979.
PubMed
17) Syrjala KL:Relaxation technique. In The Management of Pain (edited by Bonica JJ) , 2nd Ed, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1990, pp. 1742-1750.
 
18) Fotpoulos SS, Graham C, Cook MR:Psychophysiologic control of cancer pain. In Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, Vol. 2 (edited by Bonica JJ, Ventafridda, Raven Press, New York, 1979, pp. 231-243.
 
19) 水口公信:痛みのバイオフィードバック療法. Clinical Neuroscience 2:112-113, 1984.
 
20) Finer B:Hypnotheapy in pain of advanced cancer. In Advances in Pain Research and Therapy Vol. 2 (edited by Bonica JJ, Ventafridda, Raven Press, New York, 1979, pp. 223-229.
 
21) Ventafridda V, Sganzerla EP, Fochi C, et al:Transcutaneous nerve stimulation in cancer pain. In Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, Vol. 2 (edited by Bonica JJ, Ventafridda, Raven Press, New York, 1979, pp. 509-515.
 
22) Shimoji KH, Shimizu Y, Maruyama Y, et al:Dorsal column stimulation in man;facilitaion of primary afferent depolarization. Anesth. Analg. 61:410-413, 1982.
 
23) 横川陽子, 平賀一陽, 西野 卓:担がん患者への鍼治療の経験ペインクリニック9:796-802, 1988
 
24) White JC, Sweet WH:Anterolateral cordotomy:Open versus closed comparison of end results. In Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, Vol. 3 (edited by Bonica JC, Liebeskind JC, Albe-Fessard D) , Raven Press, New York, 1979, pp. 911-919.
 
25) Nashold BS:Dorsal root entry zone lesions for pain relief. J. Neurosurg. 51:59-69, 1979
PubMed
26) Fairman D:Thalamic and hypothalamic stimulation. In Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, Vol. 2 (edited by Bonica JJ, Ventafridda, Raven Press, New York, 1979, pp. 493-498.
 
27) 柳田 尚:脳下垂体アルコールブロックの臨床成績麻酔32:325-329, 1983.
 
P.1209 掲載の参考文献
1) 服部絢一:骨髄移植. 中外医学社, 1983.
 
2) 高久史麿, 小川一誠監修:末梢血幹細胞移植. 南江堂, 1995.
 
3) Beyer J, Schwella N, Zingsem J, et al:Hematopoietic rescue after high-dose chemotherapy using autologous peripheral-blood progenitor cells or bone marrow:a randomized comparison. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1328-1335, 1995.
PubMed
4) Gulati SC:Did we focus on the most important issues in the use of growth factors and stem-cell transplantation? J. Clin. Oncol. 12:650-652, 1994.
PubMed
5) Stahel RA, Jost LM, Cerny T, et al:Randomized study of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation for high-risk lymphoid malignancies. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1931-1938, 1994.
PubMed
6) Vose LM, Armitage JO:Clinical applications of hematopoietic growth factors. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1023-1035, 1995.
 
7) Hryniuk WM, Levine MN:Analysis of dose intensity for adjuvant chemotherapy trials in stage II breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1162-1170, 1986.
 
8) Levin L, Hryniuk WM:Dose intensity analysis of chemotherapy regimens in ovarian carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:756-767, 1987.
PubMed
9) Eddy DM:High-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:657-670, 1992.
PubMed
10) Canellos GP:High-dose therapy:here to stay or just visiting? J. Clin. Oncol. 12:5-6, 1994.
PubMed
11) Coiffier B, Philip T, Burnett AK, et al:Consensus conference on intensive chemotherapy plus hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in malignancies:Lyon, France, June 4-6, 1993. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:226-231, 1994.
PubMed
12) 田島知郎:進行/再発乳癌に対する自家骨髄移植併用の抗癌化学療法. Breast Cancer Today 8:2-8, 1992.
 
13) Peters WP, Ross W, Vredenburgh JT, et al:High-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow support as consolidation after standard-dose adjuvant therapy for high-risk primary breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1132-1143, 1993.
 
14) Ihde DC, Mulshine JL, Kramer BS, et al:Prospective randomized comparison of high-dose and standard-dose etoposide and cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Clin. Oncol. 12:2022-2034, 1994.
PubMed
15) Brenner MK, Rill DR, Moen RC, et al:Gene-marking to trace origin of relapse after autologous bone-marrow transplantation. Lancet 341:85-86, 1993.
PubMed
16) Schilder RJ:Molecular markers and stem-cell transplants:are they for each other? J CIin Oncol. 13:1052-1054, 1995.
 
17) Shpall EJ, Jones RB, Bearman SI, et al:Transplantation of enriched CD 34-positive autologous marrow into breast cancer patients following high-dose chemotherapy:influence of CD 34-positive peripheral-blood progenitors and growth factors on engraftment. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:28-36, 1994.
PubMed
18) Broun ER, Nichols CR, Kneebone P, et al:Long-term outcome of patients with relapsed and refractory germ cell tumors treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow rescue. Ann. Intern. Med. 117:124-128, 1992.
PubMed
19) 大平睦郎:小児がんにおける自家骨髄移植, 並びに自家末梢血幹細胞移植に関する研究. 厚生省がん研究助成金による研究報告:国立がんセンター. 平成4年度. pp. 212-217, 1994.
 
20) Ayash LJ, Ellias A, Wheeler C, et al:Double dose-intensive chemotherapy with autologous marrow and peripheral-blood progenitor-cell support for metastatic breast cancer:a feasibility study. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:37-44, 1994.
 
21) Rohatiner A:Myelodysplasia and acute myelogenous leukemia after myeloablative therapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2521-2523, 1994.
PubMed
22) 高上洋一:末梢血幹細胞移植術の現状と展望. 臨床血液35:475-482, 1994.
 
23) Bedi A, Miller CB, Hanson JL, et al:Association of BK virus with failure of prophylaxis against hemorrhagic cystitis following bone marrow transplantation. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1103-1109, 1995.
PubMed
24) Lew MA, Kehoe K, Ritz J, et al:Ciprofloxacin versus trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for prophylaxis of bacterial infections in bone marrow transplant recipients:a randomized, controlled trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:239-250, 1995.
PubMed
25) Kantarjian HM, Deisseroth A, Kurzrock R, et al:Adult acute lymphocytic leukemia:critical review of current knowledge. Am. J. Med. 97:176, 1994.
 
26) 大野竜三:成人急性白血病治療の進歩. 臨床血液35:1040, 1994. (abstr)
 
27) Hurd DD:Postremission therapy for the younger adult patient with acute myelogenous leukemia:defining a role for transplantation. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1636-1638, 1993.
PubMed
28) Petersen FB, Lynch MHE, Clift RA, et al:Autologous marrow transplantation for patients with acute myeloid leukemia in untreated first relapse or in second remission. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1353-1360, 1993. Oncol. 12:748-758, 1994.
 
29) Khouri IF, Keating MJ, Vriesendorp HM, et al:Autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia:preliminary results. J. Clin.
 
30) O'Brien SG, Goldman JM:Current approaches to hematopoietic stem-cell purging in chronic myeloid leukemia. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:541-546, 1995.
PubMed
31) Simone JV:Autologous bone marrow transplantation in childhood cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1349-1440, 1993.
 
32) Uderzo C, Valsecchi MG, Bacigalupo A, et al:Treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in second remission with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and chemotherapy:ten-year experience of the Italian bone marrow transplantation group and the Italian pediatric hematology oncology association. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:352-358, 1995.
PubMed
33) Woods WG, Kobrinsky N, Buckley J, et al:Intensively timed induction therapy followed by autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for children with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome:a childrens cancer group pilot study. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1448-1457, 1993.
 
34) Shaw PJ, Bergin ME, Burgess MA, et al:Childhood acute myeloid leukemia:outcome in a single center using chemotherapy and consolidation with busulfan/cyclophosphamide for bone marrow transplantation. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2138-2145, 1994.
 
35) Bennett CL, Armitage JL, Armitage GO, et al:Costs of care and outcomes for high-dose therapy and autologous transplantation for lymphoid malignancies:results from the University of Nebraska 1987 through 1991. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:969-973, 1995.
PubMed
36) Freedman AS, Nadler LM:Which patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma benefit from high-dose therapy and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1841-1843, 1993.
PubMed
37) Peterson BA:The role of transplantation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2524-2526, 1994.
PubMed
38) Haioun C, Lepage E, Gisselbrecht C, et al:Comparison of autologous bone marrow transplantation with sequential chemotherapy for intermediate-grade and high-grade non-Hodgkin'slymphoma in first complete remission:a study of 464 patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1358-1365, 1994.
 
39) van Besien KW, Khouri IF, Gilalt SA, et al:Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation forrefractory and recurrent low-grade lymphoma:the case for aggressive management. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1096-1102, 1995.
 
40) Anderson JE, Litzow MR, Appelbaum FR, et al:Allogeneic, syngeneic, and autologous marrowtransplantation for Hodgkin's disease:the 21-year Seattle experience. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2342-2350, 1993.
 
41) Colwill R, Crump M, Couture F, et al:Mini-BEAM as salvage therapy for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's disease before intensive therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:396-402, 1995.
PubMed
42) Williams CD, Goldstone AH, Pearce R, et al:Autologous bone marrow transplantation forpediatric Hodgkin's disease:a case-matched comparison with adult patients by the European bone marrow transplant group lymphoma registry. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2243-2249, 1993.
 
43) Cunningham D, Milan LPA, Powles R, et al:High-dose melphalan and autologous bonemarrow transpalntation as consolidation in previously untreated myeloma. J Clin. Oncol. 12:759-763, 1994.
 
44) Anderson KC:Who benefits from high-dose therapy for multiple myeloma. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1291-1296, 1995.
PubMed
45) Gianni AM, Tarella C, Bregni M, et al:High-dose sequential chemotherapy, a widely applicable regimen, confers survival benefit to patients with high-risk multiple myeloma. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:503-509, 1994.
PubMed
46) Attal M, Harousseau JL, Stoppa AM, et al:High dose therapy in multiple myeloma:a prospective randomized study of the"Intergroupe Francais du Myelome". Blood 84 (suppl.) :356a, 1994. (abstr)
 
47) Bird JM, Bloxham D, Samson D, et al:Molecular detection of clonally rearranged cells inperipheral blood progenitor cell harvests from multiple myeloma patients. Br. J. Haematol. 88:110-116, 1994.
 
48) Antman K, Ayash LJ, Ellias A, et al:A phase II trial of high-dose cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carboplatin with autologous bone marrow support in women with metastatic advancedbreast cancer responding to standard-dose chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:102-110, 1992.
 
49) 田島知郎, 徳田裕, Antman K:乳癌の骨髄移植. 今日の移植4 (suppl. 11) :61-66, 1991.
 
50) Fisher B, Reckette H, Robinson A, et al:Effect of preoperative therapy for breast cancer onlocal-regional disease:first report of NSABP B-18. Proc. Amer. Socie. Clin. Oncol. #18. 13:64, 1994. (abstr)
 
51) Ghalie R, Richman CM, Adler SS, et al:Treatment of metastatic breast cancer with' a split-course high-dose chemotherapy regimen and autologous bone marrow transplantation. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:342-346, 1994.
PubMed
52) Cooper MA, Einhorn LH:Maintenance chemotherapy with daily oral etoposide following salvage therapy in patients with germ cell tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 13:1167-1169, 1995.
PubMed
53) Broun ER, Craig RN, Turns M, et al:Early salvage therapy for germ cell cancer using high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow support. Cancer 73:1716-1720, 1994.
 
54) Saxman SB, Nichols CR, Einhorn LH, et al:Salvage chemotherapy in patients with extragonadal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors:the Indiana University experience. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1390-1393, 1994.
PubMed
55) Shpall EJ, Jones RB, Bearman SI, et al:Future strategies for the treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer using high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow support. Gynecol. Oncol. 54:357-361, 1994.
PubMed
56) Stiff PJ, McKenzie RS, Alberts DS, et al:Phase I clinical and pharmacokinetic study of high-dose mitoxantrone combined with carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, and autologous bone marrow rescue:high response rate for refractory ovarian carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:176-183, 1994.
PubMed
57) Matthay KK, Seeger RC, Reynolds CP, et al:Allogeneic versus autologous bone marrow transplantation for neuroblastoma:a report from the childrens cancer group. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2382-2389, 1994.
 
58) Ladenstein R, Lasset C, Hartmann O, et al:Impact of megatherapy on survival after relapse from stage IV neuroblastoma in patients over 1 year of age at diagnosis. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:2330-2341, 1993.
 
59) Burdach S, et al:Improved relapse free survival in patients with poor prognosis Ewing's sarcoma after consolidation with hyperfractionated total body irradiation and fractionated high dose melphalan followed by high dose etoposide and hematopoietic rescue. Bone Marrow Transplant. 7 (suppl. 2) :95, 1991.
 
60) Horowitz ME, Kinsella TJ, Wexler, LH, et al:Total-body irradiation and autologous bonemarrow transplant in the management of high-risk Ewing's sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1911-1918, 1993.
 
61) Heideman RL, Douglass EC, Krance RA, et al:High-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow rescue followed by interstitial and external-beam radiotherapy in newly diagnosed pediatric malignant gliomas. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1458-1465, 1993.
PubMed
62) Ellias AD, Ayash L, Frei E III, et al:Intensive combined modality therapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:559-566, 1993.
 
63) Burnett MJ, Eaves CJ, Phillips GL, et al:Autografting with cultured marrow in chronicmyeloid leukemia:results of a pilot study. Blood 84:724-732, 1994.
 
64) Kennedy MJ, Vogelsang GB, Beveridge RA, et al:Phase I trial of intravenous cyclosporineto induce graft-versus-host disease in women undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:478-484, 1993.
 
P.1226 掲載の参考文献
1) Sobocinski K, Horowitz MM, Rowling PA, et al:Bone Marrow Transplantation 1994:A Report from the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry and the North American Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Registry. J. Hematother. 3:95-102, 1994.
 
2) 長尾 大:わが国における造血幹細胞移植例の全国集計 (1993) . 今日の移植 7:93-101, 1994.
 
3) Weibe VJ, Smith BR, Degregorio MW, et al:Pharmacology of agents used in bone marrowtransplant conditioning regimens. Clit. Rev. Onc/Hem. 13:241-270, 1992.
 
4) Deeg HJ, Klingemann HG, Phillips GL:A Guide to Bone Marrow Transplantation Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heiderberg, 1992, pp. 89-90.
 
5) Buckner CD, Clift RA, Sanders JE, et al:Marrow harvesting from normal donors. Blood 64:630-634, 1984.
PubMed
6) Buckner CD, Clif RA, Sanders JE, et al:ABO-incompatible marrow transplants. Transplantation 26:233-238, 1978.
 
7) Bensinger WI, Baker DA, Buckner CD, et al:Immunoadsorption for removal of A and B blood-group antibodies. N. Engl. J. Med. 304:160-162, 1981.
 
8) Ho WG, Champlin RE, Feig SA, et al:Transplantation of ABH incompatible bone marrow:gravity sedimentation of donor marrow. Brit. J. Haematol. 57:155-162, 1984.
 
9) Arnold R, Schmeiser T, Heit W, et al:Hemopoietic reconstitution after bone marrow transplantation. Exp. Hematol. 14:271-277, 1986.
PubMed
10) Lum LG:The kinetics of immune reconstitution after human marrow transplantation. Blood 69:369-380, 1987.
PubMed
11) Sullivan KM, Deeg HJ, Sanders JE, et al:Hyperacute graft-v-host disease in patients not given immunosuppression after allogeneic marrow transplantation. Blood 67:1172-1175, 1986.
 
12) Ferrara JLM, Deeg HJ:Graft-versus-host disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 324:667-674, 1991.
 
13) Jadus MR, Wepsic HT:The role of cytokines in graft-versus-host reactions and disease. Bone Marrow Transplant. 10:1-14, 1992.
PubMed
14) Przepiorka D, Weisdorf D, Martin P, et al:Consensus conference on acute GVHD grading. Bone Marrow Transplant. 15:825-828, 1995.
PubMed
15) Vogelsang GB, Hess AD, Berkman AW, et al:An in vitro predictive test for graft versus host disease in patients with genotypic HLA-identical bone marrow transplants. N. Engl. J. Med. 313:645-650, 1985.
 
16) Theobald M, Nierle T, Bunjes D, et al:Host-specific interleukin 2-secreting donor T cell precursors as predictors of acute graft-versus-host disease in bone marrow transplantationbetween HLA-identical siblings. N. Engl. J Med. 327:1613-1617, 1992.
 
17) Nash RA, Pepe MS, Storb R, et al:Acute graft-versus-host disease:Analysis of risk factors after allogeneic marrow transplantation and prophylaxis with cyclosporine and methotrexate. Blood 80:1838-1845, 1992.
PubMed
18) Ringden O:Management of graft-versus-host disease. Eur. J. Haematol. 51:1-12, 1993.
PubMed
19) Atkinson K:Chronic graft-versus-host disease. Bone Marrow Transplant. 5:69-82, 1990.
PubMed
20) Champlin RE:T cell depletion for bone marrow transplantation:Effect on graft rejection, graft-versus-host disease, graft-versus-leukemia, and survival. In Bone Marrow Transplantation. (edited by Champlin RE) , Kluwer Academic Publishers, Massachusetts, 1990, pp. 99-111.
 
21) McDonald GB, Hinds MS, Fisher LD, et al:Veno-occlusive disease of the liver and multiorgan failure after bone marrow transplantation:A cohort study of 355 patients. Ann. Intern. Med. 188:255-267, 1993.
 
22) Reed EC, Myerson D, Corey L, et al:Allogeneic marrow transplantation in patients positive for hepatitis B surface antigen. Blood 77:195-200, 1991.
PubMed
23) Ljungman P, Johansson N, Aschan J, et al:Long-term effects of hepatitis C virus infection in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients. Blood 86:1614-1618, 1995.
PubMed
24) Holland HK, Saral R, Rossi JJ, et al:Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, zidovudine, andhuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Studies in a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Ann. Intern. Med. 111:973-981, 1989.
 
25) Ljungman P, Lawler M, Asjo B, et al:Infection of donor lymphocytes with human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for HTLV-1 positive adult T-cell leukemia. Brit. J. Haematol. 88:403-405, 1994.
 
26) 坂巻 壽, 高本 滋, 柴田弘俊:骨髄採取の合併症-全国調査. 臨床血液35:29-35, 1994.
 
27) Kawai S, Maekawajiri S, Tokunaga K, et al:A simple method of HLA-DRB typing usingenzymatically amplified DNA and immobilized probes on microtiter plate. Hum. Immunol. 41:121-126, 1994.
PubMed
28) Anasetti C, Amos D, Beatty PG, et al:Effect of HLA compatibility on engraftment of bone marrow transplants in patients with leukemia or lymphoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 320:197-204, 1989.
PubMed
29) Anasetti C, Beatty PG, Storb R, et al:Effect of HLA in compatibility on graft-versus-hostdisease, relapse, and survival after marrow transplantation for patients with leukemia orlymphoma. Hum. Immunol. 29:79-91, 1990.
 
30) Aversa F, Tabilio A, Terenzi A, et al:Successful engraftment of T-cell-depleted haploidentical "three-loci" incompatible transplants in leukemia patients by addition of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood progenitorcells to bone marrow inoculum. Blood 84:3948-3955, 1994.
 
31) Goldman JM, WMDA Executive Committee:A special report:Bone marrow transplants using volunteer donors-Recommendations and Requirements for a standardized practice throughout the world-1994 Update. Blood 84:2833-2839, 1994.
PubMed
32) Petersdorf EF, Longton GM, Anasetti C, et al:The significance of HLA-DRB 1 matching onclinical outcome after HLA-A, B, DR identical unrelated donor marrow transplant. Blood 86:1606-1613, 1995.
 
33) Kaminski E, Hows J, Man S, et al:Prediction of graft versus host disease by frequencyanalysis of cytotoxic T cells after unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation 48:608-613, 1989.
 
34) Beatty PG, Anasetti C, Hansen JA, et al:Marrow transplantation from unrelated donors for treatment of hematologic malignancies:Effect of mismatching for one HLA locus. Blood 81:249-253, 1993.
PubMed
35) Beatty PG, Hansen JA, Longton GM, et al:Marrow transplantation from HLA-matched unrelated donors for treatment of hematologic malignancies. Transplantation 51:443-447, 1991.
PubMed
36) 岡本真一郎, 原田実根, 加藤俊一・他:非血縁者間骨髄移植の現状と成績. 臨床血液36:524-529, 1995.
 
37) Ochs L, Shu XO, Miller J, et al:Late infection after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation:Comparison of incidence in related and unrelated donor transplant recipients. Blood 86:3979-3986, 1995.
PubMed
38) Kernan NA, Bartsch G, Ash RC, et al:Analysis of 462 transplantation from unrelated donors facilitated by the National Marrow Donor Program. N. Engl. J. Med. 328:593-602, 1993.
 
39) Hows J, Bradley BA, Gore S, et al:Prospective evaluation of unrelated donor bone marrowtransplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 12:371-380, 1993.
 
40) Jones RJ, Ambinder RF, Piantadosi S, et al:Evidence of a graft-versus-lymphoma effect associated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood 77:649-653, 1991.
PubMed
41) Kwak LW, Taub DD, Duffex PL, et al:Transfer of myeloma idiotype-specific immunity froman actively immunised marrow donor. Lancet 345:1016-1020, 1995.
 
42) Horowitz MM, Gale RP, Sondel P, et al:Graft-versus-leukemia reactions after bone marrow transplantation. Blood 75:555-562, 1990.
PubMed
43) Korb HJ, Schattenberg A, Goldman JM, et al:Graft-versus-leukemia effect of donor lymphocyte transfusions in marrow grafted patients. Blood 86:2041-2050, 1995.
 
44) Aoki Y, Takahashi S, Okamoto S, et al:Graft-versus-leukemia after second allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood 84:3983, 1994.
PubMed
45) Mackinnon S, Hows JM, Goldman JM:Induction of in vitro graft-versus-leukemia activity following bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood 76:2037-2045, 1990.
PubMed
46) Faber LM, Van Luxemburg-Heiji SAP, Willemze R, et al:Generation of leukemia-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones from the HLA-identical bone marrow donor of a patient with leukemia. J. Exp. Med. 176:1283-1289, 1992.
 
P.1246 掲載の参考文献
1) Kurause R, James JH, Ziparo V, et al:Brain tryptophan and the neoplastic anorexia/cachexia syndrome. Cancer 44:1003-1008, 1979.
 
2) Glicksman AS, Rawson RV:Diabetes and altered carbohydrate metabolism in patients with cancer. Cancer 9:1127-1134, 1956.
 
3) Norton JA, Maher M, Wesley R, et al:Glucose intolerance in sarcoma patients. Cancer 54:3022-3027, 1984.
PubMed
4) Norton JA, Peacock JL, Morrison SD, et al:Cancer cachexia. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 7:289-327, 1987.
PubMed
5) Moody TW, Per CB, Gazdar AR, et al:High levels of intracellular bombesin characterize human small-cell lung carcinoma. Science 214:1246-1248, 1981.
 
6) Tayek JA:A review of cancer cachexia and abnormal glucose metabolism in humans with cancer. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 11:445-456, 1992.
 
7) Greenberg AS, Nordan RP, McIntosh J, et al:Interleukin 6 reduces ripoproteinlipase activity in adipose tissue of mice in vivo and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes:a possible role for interleukin 6 incancer cachexia. Cancer Res. 52:4113-4116, 1992.
 
8) Lind DS, Souba WW, Copeland EM:Weight loss and cachexia. Clinical oncology (ed. by Abeloff MD, Armitage JO, Lichiter AS, et al) . Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1995, pp. 393-407.
 
9) Beutler B, Cerami A:Cachectin and tumor necrosis factor as two side of the same biological coin. Nature 320:584-588, 1986.
 
10) 品川長夫, 石川雅一:身体計測. 日本臨牀49:58-62, 1991.
 
11) Blackburn GL, Bistrian BR, Maini BS, et al:Nutritional and metabolic assessment of thehospitalized patient. JPEN 1:11-22, 1977.
PubMed
12) Buzby GP, Mullen JL, Mathees DC, et al:Prognostic nutritional index in gastrointestinal surgery. Am. J. Surg. 139:160-187, 1980.
 
13) 小野寺時夫:抗癌療法と栄養指標. 癌治療と宿主3:25-33, 1991.
 
14) Shike M, Brennan MR:Nutritional Support. Cancer (ed. by DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA) . 3rd Ed. J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1989, pp. 2029-2044.
 
15) 佐藤信昭:新しい器具 (チューブ, ポンプ) の開発状況. 日本臨牀 49:223-226, 1991.
Medical*Online
16) 岩佐幹恵, 岩佐正人, 韓 相宗・他:経腸栄養剤の種類と特性. 日本臨牀 49:197-203, 1991.
Medical*Online
17) 碓井貞仁, 坂本昭雄:投与開始時期, 投与スケジュール, 投与速度の設定. 日本臨牀 49:232-236, 1991.
Medical*Online
18) 岩佐幹恵, 岩佐正人, 韓 相守・他:経腸栄養施行中にみられる消化器に関連した合併症. 日本臨牀 49:244-247, 1991.
 
19) 島田慈彦:TPN基本液 日本臨牀 49:109-118, 1991.
Medical*Online
20) 佐藤信昭, 畠山勝義:アミノ酸輸液剤. 癌患者の栄養管理-癌悪液質の対策 (漆崎一朗) . メディカルレビュー社, 東京, 1994, pp. 208-213.
 
21) 疋田茂樹, 掛川 夫, 溝手博義:アミノ酸製剤の種類と特徴 日本臨牀 49:119-124, 1991.
Medical*Online
22) Tayek JA, Bistrian BR, Hehir DJ, et al:Improved protein kinetics and albumin synthesis bybranched chain amino acid-enriched total parenteral nutrition in cancer cachexia:Aprospective randomized crossover trial. Cancer 58:147-157, 1986.
 
23) 平松義文, 中川 学, 中根恭司・他:脂肪乳剤の種類と特徴 日本臨牀 49:125-129, 1991.
Medical*Online
24) 高松英夫:ビタミン製剤. 日本臨牀 49;130-135, 1991.
Medical*Online
25) 久保宏隆, 堀 訓也, 佐々木龍司:微量元素欠乏症および補給法. 臨床看護 13:2247-2251, 1987.
 
26) 根津理一郎, 高木洋治, 岡田 正:高カロリー輸液と微量元素. 最新医学 45:706-711, 1990.
Medical*Online
27) King RF, Almond DJ, Holmfield JH, et al:Calculation of short-term changes in body fat from measurement of gas exchange. Metabolism 33:826-832, 1984.
PubMed
28) Elwin DC, Gump FE, Munro HN, et al:Changes in nitrogen balance of developed patients with increasing infusion of glucose. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 32:1597-1611, 1979.
 
29) 真島吉也:高カロリー輸液基本液. 癌患者の栄養管理-癌悪液質の対策-(漆崎一朗) . メディカルレビュー社, 東京, 1994, pp. 222-229.
 
30) 品川長夫, 谷口正哲, 石川雅一・他:カテーテル挿入に伴う合併症. 日本臨牀 49:174-177, 1991.
Medical*Online
31) 谷口正哲, 品川長夫, 石川雅一・他:カテーテル留置に伴う合併症. 日本臨牀 49:178-181, 1991.
 
32) Ryan JA, Abel RM, Abbott WM, et al:Catheter complications in total parenteral nutrition. N. Engl. J. Med. 290:757-761, 1974.
PubMed
33) 岩崎光彦, 荘 正幸, 金子英彰:カテーテル敗血症の診断, 治療および予防. 日本臨牀 49:182-187, 1991.
Medical*Online
34) Muller JM, Dienst C, Brenner U, et al:Preoperative parenteral feeding to patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma. Lancet 1:68-71, 1982.
PubMed
35) Buzby GP, Page P, Reinhardt G, et al:Perioperative total parenteral nutrition in surgical patients:the Veterans Affairs TPN Cooperative Study Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 325:525-543, 1991.
 
36) Detsky AS, Baker Jp, O' Rourke K, et al:Perioperative parenteral nutrition:a meta-analysis. Ann. Intern. Med. 107:195-203, 1987.
PubMed
37) Weisdorf S, Lysne J, Wind D, et al:Positive effect of prophylactic total parenteral nutrition on long-term outcome of bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation 43:833-838, 1987.
PubMed
38) Daly JM, Trosian MH:Nutritional support. Cancer (ed. by DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA) . 4th Ed. J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 2480-2501.
 
39) 高木洋治, 岡田 正:Home Parenteral Nutritionの現状-自験例と全国調査より. JJPEN 15:17-22, 1993.
 
40) 武藤揮一, 畠山勝義, 小山 真:在宅経腸栄養療法アンケートの全国集計報告. JJPEN 12:1473-1446, 1990.
 
41) 井上善文, 岡田 正:在宅栄養管理法癌患者の栄養管理-癌悪液質の対策-(漆崎一朗) . メディカルレビュー社, 東京, 1994, pp. 280-289.
 
P.1256 掲載の参考文献
1) McAllister HA, Fenoglio JJ:Tumors of the cardiovascular system-Tumors of the heart and pericardium. In:Atlas of tumor pathology (ed. by Hartmann WH) , Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, 1978, pp. 111-119.
 
2) Mukai K, Shinkai T, Tominaga K, et al:Incidence of secondary tumors of the heart andpericardium:a 10-year experience of one institution. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 18:195-201, 1988.
 
3) Fincher R-M E:Case report:malignant pericardial effusion as the initial manifestation ofmalignancy. Am. J. Med. Sci. 305:106-110, 1993.
 
4) Thurber DL, Edwards JE, Achor RWP:Secondary malignant tumors of the pericardium. Circulation 26:228-241, 1962.
 
5) Press OW, Livingston R:Management of malignant pericardial effusion and tamponade. JAMA 257:1088-1092, 1987.
PubMed
6) Hawkins JW, Vacek JL:What constitutes definitive therapy of malignant pericardial effusion? "Medical" versus surgical treatment. Am. Heart J. 118:428-432, 1989.
PubMed
7) Vaikus PT, Herrmann HC, LeWinter MM:Treatment of malignant pericardial effusion. JAMA 272:59-64, 1994.
 
8) Millaire A, Wurtz A, de Groote P, et al:Malignant pericardial effusions:usefulness ofpericardioscopy. Am. Heart J. 124:1030-1034, 1992.
PubMed
9) Smith FE, Lane M, Hudgins PT:Conservative management of malignant pericardial effusion. Cancer 33:47-57, 1974.
PubMed
10) Krikorian JG, Hancock EW:Pericardiocentesis. Am. J. Med. 65:808-814, 1978.
PubMed
11) Terry LN, Kligerman MM:Pericardial and myocardial involvement by lymphomas and leukemias:the role of radiotherapy. Cancer 25:1003-1008, 1970.
PubMed
12) Davis S, Sharma SM, Blumberg ED, et al:Intrapericardial tetracycline for the management of cardiac tamponade secondary to malignant pericardial effusion. N. Engl. J. Med. 299:1113-1114, 1978.
PubMed
13) Davis S, Ramboti P, Grignani F:Intrapericardial tetracyclin sclerosis in the treatment of malignant pericardial effusion:an analysis of thirty-three cases. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:631-636, 1984.
 
14) Shepherd FA, Morgan C, Evans WK, et al:Medical management of malignant pericardial effusion by tetracycline sclerosis. Am. J. Cardiol. 60:1161-1166, 1987.
PubMed
15) Imamura T, Tamura K, Takenaga M, et al:Intrapericardial OK-432 instilation for themanagement of malignant pericardial effusion. Cancer 68:259-263, 1991.
 
16) 新海 哲:胸水, 心嚢水. 最新内科学体系. 第80巻臨床腫瘍学<関連領域疾患4> (井村裕夫, 尾形悦朗, 高久史麿, 垂井清一郎編, 阿部 薫専門編) . 中山書店, 東京, 1995, pp. 368-373.
 
17) Hankin Jp, Satterfield JR, Aisner J, et al:Pericardial window for malignant pericardial effusion. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 30:465-471, 1980.
 
18) Shinkai T, Tominaga K, Saijo N, et al:The incidence of cardiac metastasis in primary lung cancer and the management of malignant pericardial effusion. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:23-32, 1982.
 
19) Reitknecht F, Regal A-M, Antkowiak JG, et al:Management of cardiac tamponade in patients with malignancy. J. Surg. Oncol. 30:19-22, 1985.
 
20) Okamoto H, Shinkai T, Yamakido M, et al:Cardiac tamponade caused by primary lung cancerand the management of pericardial effusion. Cancer 71:93-98, 1993.
 
21) Hill GJ, Cohen BI:Pleural pericardial window for palliation of cardiac tamponade due to cancer. Cancer 26:81-93, 1970.
PubMed
22) Palacios IF, Tuzcu EM, Ziskind AA, et al:Percutaneous balloon pericardial window for patients with malignant pericardial effusion and tamponade. Catheter Cardiovasc. Diagn. 22:244-249, 1991.
PubMed
23) Jackson G, Keane D, Mishra B:Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy in the management of recurrent malignant pericardial effusions. Br. Heart J. 68:613-615, 1992.
PubMed
24) Ziskind AA, Pearce AC, Lemmon CC, et al:Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy for the treatment of cardiac tamponade and large pericardial effusions:description of technique and report of the first 50 cases. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 21:1-5, 1993.
 
25) Liu H-P, Chang C-H, Lin PJ, et al:Thoracoscopic management of effusive pericardial disease:indications and technique. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 58:1695-1697, 1994.
PubMed
26) Wang N, Feikes JR, Mogensen T, et al:Pericardioperitoneal shunt:an alternative treatment for malignant pericardial effusion. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 57:289-292, 1994.
PubMed
P.1262 掲載の参考文献
1) 近田千尋:癌の細胞診と癌治療 "胸腹水". 癌と化学療法 9:1716-1720, 1982.
 
2) Lacy JH, Wieman TJ, Shively EH:Management of Malignant Ascites. Surg, Gynecol, Obstet. 159:397-412, 1984.
PubMed
3) 横山正和:腹膜癌. 化学療法の領域 2:1757-1766, 1986.
 
4) 曽和融生, 加藤保之:癌性腹膜炎に対する対症療法の実際 2) 腹水の対策. 消化器外科 14:1503-1507, 1991.
 
5) 山本政勝:癌性腹膜炎. 消化器病学 (亀田治男, 武藤輝一編) 第2版, 朝倉書店, 東京, 1981, pp. 655-663.
 
6) 佐々木大輔, 大川正臣, 坂田 優・他:肝癌, 転移性肝癌および肝硬変の腹水に対するSoldactone (Potassium carrenoate) の使用経験新薬と臨床 31:27-35, 1981.
 
7) 小貫 誠, 波多野剛之, 児玉秀文・他:肝硬変難治腹水症および癌性腹膜炎における濃縮腹水還流装置での治療. 現代医療 11:1379-1384, 1979.
 
8) 小山善之, 斉藤達雄:固形がん化学療法の臨床効果判定基準. 日癌治療会誌 21:929-942, 1986.
 
9) 萩原明於, 高橋俊雄, 李 方行・他:活性炭吸着マイトマイシンC (MMC-CH) による癌性胸腹膜炎の治療-臨床応用の結果について-. 日癌治療会誌 20:2144-2153, 1985.
 
10) 清水敬生:卵巣癌の治療-腹腔内化学療法 KARKINOS 7:1027-1033, 1994.
 
11) Fukawa T, Kumai K, Kubota T, et al:Experimental and Clinical Studies on the Peritoneal Administration of Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Caused by Gastric Cancer. Jpn. J. Surg. 23:298-306, 1993.
 
12) Schilsky R, Choi KE, Grayhack J, et al:Phase I CIinical and Pharmacological Study of Intraperitoneal Cisplatin and Fluorouracil in Patients with Advanced Intraabdominal Cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:2054-2061, 1990.
 
13) 小倉 剛, 曽根三郎, 仁井昌彦・他:転移癌に対する治療戦略 癌性胸, 腹膜炎に対する治療. On-cologia 20 (5) :48-56, 1987.
 
14) 坂田正毅, 鳥巣要道:癌性腹膜炎の免疫療法. 消化器外科 6:1195-1203, 1983.
 
15) 涌井 昭, 斉藤達雄, 中尾 功・他:消化器癌の癌性腹水に対するRecombinant Interferon-β (GKT-β) の腹腔内投与の効果. Biotherapy 2:339-347, 1988.
 
16) 漆崎一朗, 新津洋司郎, 高後 裕:抗腫瘍性サイトカイン. Oncologia 20:105-121, 1987.
 
17) Gilly FN, Carry PY, Sayag AC, et al:Regional Chemotherapy (with Mitomycin C) and Intra-operative Hyperthermia for Digestive Cancers with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis. Hepato-Gas-troenterol. 41:124-129, 1994.
 
18) 沖永功太, 安達実樹, 並木一信:癌性腹膜炎に対する対症療法の実際-イレウスの対策. 消化器外科 14:1497-1501, 1991.
 

51. がん関連感染症

P.1289 掲載の参考文献
1) Jeffrey S, Groger MD, Alice B, et al:Infectious morbidity associated with longterm use of venous access devices in patients with cancer. Ann. Intern. Med. 119:1168-1174, 1993.
 
2) Pietsch JB, Meakins JL, MacLean LD:The delayed hypersensitivity response:Application in clinical surgery. Surgery 82:349-355, 1977.
PubMed
3) 長谷川弥人:亜急性細菌性心内膜炎の治療. 日本医事新報 2455:15, 1971.
 
4) Meyers JD:Infection complicating bone marrow transplantation. "Clinical approach to infection" Rubin RH and Young LS ed. Plenum Press, New York, 1982, pp. 507-551.
 
5) 舟田 久:骨髄移植と感染. 感染症14:209-220, 1984.
 
6) Hackman RC, Myerson D, Meyers JD, et al:Rapid diagnosis of cytomegaloviral pneumonia by tissue immunofluorescens with a murine monoclonal antibody. J. Infect. Dis. 151:325-329, 1985.
 
7) Meyers JD:Biology of interstitial pneumonia after marrow transplantation. "Recent advances in bone marrow trans plantation" Gale RP ed. Alan R Liss New York, pp. 405-423, 1983.
 
8) 平井莞二:EBウイルス (EBV) 遺伝子発現によるEBV関連腫瘍細胞の分類. 病理と臨床 11:493-497, 1993.
 
9) 林泉, 桜井雅紀, 一木昌郎:Fosfomycin. 臨床医 18 (3) :276-281, 1992.
 
10) 林泉, 桜井雅紀, 塩谷譲司・他:MRSA, P. aeruginosaの複数菌感染症に対するFosfomycin + Sulbactam/Cefoperazone併用療法の基礎的・臨床的検討 II. 時間差攻撃療法と最強療法. Jap. J. A. 47 (8) :991-1005, 1994.
 
11) 林泉:二段療法化学療法の領域 11:281-287, 1995.
 
12) Caron AL, Thomas JW:Systemically Administered Antifungal Agents. A Review of Their Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Application Drugs 44 (1) :9-35, 1992.
 
13) Gerald P, Bodey MD, Elias J. Anaissie MD, Linda S. Elting, et al:Antifungal Prohylaxis during Remission Induction Therapy for Acute Leukemia Fluconazole versus Intravenous Amphotericin B. Cancer 73 (8) :2099-2106, 1994.
 
14) Jesse L, Goodman MD, Drew J. Winston MD, Ronald A. Greenfield MD, et al:A Controlled trial of Fluconazole to prevent fungal infection in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. N. Engl. J. Med. 326 (13) :845-851, 1992.
 
15) 福田彰:ウイルス感染症とインターフェロン-特にC型肝炎とインターフェロン療法-. 化学療法の領域19 (7) :1297-1304, 1993.
 
16) Barry J, Marshall MD:Helicobacter pylori. The Amer. J. of Gastroenterology 89 (8) :s116-s127, 1994.
 
17) 正岡徹:G-CSFによる治療骨髄移植後の好中球減少症, 顆粒球コロニー刺激因子-G-CSFの 基礎と臨床-. 高久史麿編, 医薬ジャーナル社, 大阪 pp. 56-65, 1990.
 
18) 小川一誠:癌治療とCSFの応用 悪性リンパ腫. Biotherapy 5:104-109, 1991.
 
19) 浅野茂隆, 平嶋邦猛, 吉田弥太郎・他:再生不良性貧血における Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulation Factor (rhG-CSF注) の有用性とその限界 Biotherapy 4:1644-1651, 1991.
 
20) 長尾啓一, 栗山喬之:G-CSFの臨床応用固型癌1) 肺. 化学療法の領域17(8) :1471-1478, 1991.
 
21) 仁尾義則, 戸部隆吉:G-CSFの臨床応用固型癌2) 消化器. 化学療法の領域17(8) :1479-1486, 1991.
 
22) 亀山周二, 阿曽佳郎:G-CSFの臨床応用固型癌3) 泌尿器. 化学療法の領域17(8) :1493-1498, 1991.
 
23) 福岡正博, 有吉寛, 太田和雄・他:非小細胞癌化学療法における Recombinant Human G-CSF (rhG-CSF注) の効果-治療スケジュール短縮の試み-. Biotherapy 4:1038-1044, 1990.
 
24) 藤原俊文, 川上正箭:感染症とTNF. 化学療法の領域 19 (7) :1289-1295, 1993.
 
25) Beutler B, Milsark IW, Cerami AC, et al:Passive immunization against cachectin/Tumornecrosis factor protects mice from lethal effect of endotoxin. Science 229:869-871, 1985.
 
26) Tracy K J, Cerami A:Tumor necrosis factor and regulation of metabolism in infection:role of systemic versus tissue levels. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 200:233-239, 1992.
 
27) 大澤仲昭:感染症とサイトカインに関する最近の所見. 化学療法の領域 9 (7) :1255-1261, 1992.
 
28) Issiki H, Akira S, Tanabe O, et al:Constitutive and IL-1 inducible factors interact with IL-1 responsive element in the IL-6 gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:2757-2764, 1990.
 
29) Bone RC, Fosher CI, Clemmer TP et al:A controlled clinical trial of high-dose methylprednisolone in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N. Engl. J. Med. 317:653-658, 1987.
 
30) Bone R C, Fisher C I, Clemmer T P, et al:Early methylprednisolone treatment for septic and the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Chest 92:1032-1037, 1987.
 
31) The Veterans Administration Systemic Sepsis Cooperative Study Group:Effect of high-dose glucocorticoid therapy with motalty in patients with clinical signs of systemic sepsis. N. Engl. J. Med. 317:659-665, 1987.
 
32) 松本慶蔵:重症感染症に対する副腎皮質ステロイドの併用のあり方-特に米国の見解に反論して-. 化学療法の領域8 (7) :1313-1318, 1992.
 

52. 治療の副作用

P.1300 掲載の参考文献
1) 滝沢 憲:脱毛とその対策. がん化学療法の副作用対策ハンドブック, 監修 吉田清-, 先端医学社, 東京, 1993, pp. 197-205.
 
2) O' Brien R, et al:Scalp tourniquet to lessen alopecia after vincristine. N, Engl. J. Med. 283:146, 1970.
 
3) Pesce A, et al:Scalp tourniquet in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia. N. Engl. J. Med. 298:1213-1214, 1978.
 
4) Maxwell MB:Scalp tourniquet for chemotherapy-induced alopecia. Am. J. Nurs. 80:900-903, 1980.
PubMed
5) Luce JK, et al:Prevention of alopecia cooling of patients receiving adriamycin. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 57:108, 1973.
 
6) Edelstyn GA, et al:Doxorubicin-induced hair loss and possible modification by scalp cooling. Lancet ii:253-254, 1977.
 
7) Wood LA:Possible preventation of adriamycin-induced alopecia by tocopherol. N. Engl. J. Med. 321:1060, 1985.
 
8) Martin-Jimenez M et al:Failure of high-dose tocopherol to prevent alopecia induced by doxorubicin. N. Engl. J. Med. 315:894-895, 1986.
PubMed
9) Stable R, Andrew PL, Bailey HE, et al:Antiemetic properties of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, GR 38032 F. Cancer Treat. Rev. 14:333-336, 1987.
 
10) Cubeddu LX, Hoffmann IS, Fuenmayaror NT, et al:Efficacy of ondansetron (GR 38032 F) and the role of serotonin in cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:810-816, 1986.
 
11) Torii Y, Saito H, Matsuki N:Pyrogallol, a generator of free radicals in emetogenic in Suncus murinus. "Mechanisms and Control of Emesis" Bianchi AL, et al ed., Colloque INSERM, John Libbey Eurotext 223, Paris, pp. 359-360, 1992.
 
12) Lindley CM, Bernard S, Fields SM:Incidence and duration of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in the outpatient oncology population. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1142-1149, 1989.
PubMed
13) 古江 尚, 太田和雄, 田口鐵男・他:抗悪性腫瘍剤による悪心・嘔吐に対するgranisetronの臨床評価. 臨床医薬6 (補) :63-86, 1990.
 
14) 太田 潤, 田口鐵男, 古江 尚・他:SN-307 (Ondansetron) 注射液の単回静脈内投与による制吐効果および安全性に関するPlaceboとの二重盲検比較試験癌と化学療法19:2041-2055, 1992.
 
15) 池田正典, 田口鐵男, 太田和雄・他:Cisplatinを中心とする抗悪性腫瘍剤投与による嘔吐発現例を対象としたSN-307 (Ondansetron) の静脈内投与による制吐効果の検討-二重盲検群間比較試験-. 癌と化学療法19:2071-2084, 1992.
 
16) 仁井谷久暢, 長谷川浩一, 栗山喬之・他:抗悪性腫瘍剤による悪心・嘔吐に対するGranisetronの臨床評価 (第3報) コハク酸メチルプレドニゾロンナトリウムを対照としたrandomized cross over比較試験. 臨床医薬6(補) :87-106, 1990.
 
17) Tonato M:Ondansetron plus dexamethasone;an effective combination in high-dose cisplatintherapy. Eur. J. Cancer 27 [Suppl. 1]:S12-S 14, 1991.
 
18) Kris MG, Gralla RJ, Tyson LB, et al:Controlling delayed vomiting:Double blind, randomized trial comparing placebo, dexamethasone alone, and metoclopramide plus dexamethasone inpatients receiving cisplatin. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:108-114, 1989.
 
19) Ganda DR, Harvey WH, Monaghan GG, et al:The delayed-emesis syndrome from cisplatin;phase III evaluation of ondansetron versus placebo. Semin. Oncol. 19:67-71, 1992.
 
20) Mulder DP, Seynaeve C, Vermoken J, et al:Ondansetron compared with high dose metoclopramide in prophylaxis of acute and delayed cisplatin induced nausea and vomiting. Ann. Intern. Med. 113:834-840, 1990.
 
21) Redd WH, Andresen GV, Minagawa RY:Hypnotic control of anticipatory emesis in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 50:14-19, 1982.
PubMed
22) Lyles JN, Burish TG, Krozely MG et al:Efficacy of relaxation training and guided imagery inreducing the aversiveness of cancer chemotherapy. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 50:509-524, 1982.
 
23) Burish TG, Shartner CD, Lyles JN:Effectiveness of multiple-site EMG biofeedback and relaxation in reducing the aversiveness of cancer chemotherapy. Biofeedback Self Regul. 6:523-535, 1981.
PubMed
24) Morrow GR, Morrell:Behavioral treatment for the anticipatory nausea and vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 307:1476-1480, 1982.
PubMed
25) Redd WH, Jacobsen PB, Die-Trill M, et al:Congnitive/attentional distraction in the control of conditioned nausea in pediatric cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 55:391-395, 1987.
 
26) Cunningham D, Gore M, Davidson N, et al:The real cost of emesis-an economic analysis of ondansetron vs. metoclopramide in controlling emesis in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer. Eur. J. Cancer 29 A:303-306, 1993.
 
27) Jones AL, Lee GJ, Bosanquet N:The budgetary impact of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in the management of chemotherapy-induced emesis. Eur. J. Cancer 29 A:51-56, 1993.
 
28) Cox F, Hirsch J:Ondansetron;a cost-effective advance in anti-emetic therapy. Oncology 50:186-190, 1993.
PubMed
29) Clavel M, Soukop M, Greenstreet YLA:Improved contol of emesis and quality of life with ondansetron in breast cancer. Oncology 50:180-185, 1993.
 
30) Lindley CM, Hirsh JD, O' Neill et al:Quality of life consequences of chemotherapy-induced emesis. Quality of Life Research 1:331-340, 1992.
 
31) 大松広伸, 西條長宏:肺癌化学療法における消化器症状対策一口内炎. がん治療のState of art. 協和企画通信 6:2-10, 1993.
 
32) 堂園晴彦, 中村和男, 本屋敏郎・他:癌化学療法時に見られる口内炎の予防. 癌と化学療法 16:3449-3451, 1989.
 
33) Loprinzi CL, Cianflone SG, Dose AM, et al:A controlled evaluation of an allopurinol mouthwash as prophylaxis against 5-fluorouracil-induced stomatitis. Cancer 65:1879-1882, 1990.
PubMed
34) Ferretti GA, Raybould TP, Brown AT, et al:Chlorhexidine prophylaxis for chemotherapy-and radiotherapy-induced stomatitis.:arandomized double-blind trial. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Pathol. 69:331-338, 1990.
 
35) Prada A, Chiesa F:Effects of benzydamine on the oral mucositis during antineoplastic radiotherapy and/or intra-arterial chemotherapy. Int. J. Tissue React. 9:115-119, 1987.
PubMed
36) Mahood DJ, Dose AM, Loprinzi CL, et al:Inhibition of fluorouracil-induced stomatitis by oral cryotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:449-452, 1991.
PubMed
37) Gabrilobe JL, Jakubowski A, Scher H, et al:Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factoron neutropenia and associated morbidity due to chemotherapy for transitional-cell carcinoma of the urothelium. N. Engl. J. Med. 318:1414-1422, 1988.
 
38) Rand KB, et al:Cancer chemotherapy associated symptomatic stomatitis.:role of herpes simplex virus. Cancer 50:1262-1265, 1982.
 
39) Bubley GJ, et al:Effect of acyclovir on radiation-and chemotherapy-induced mouth lesions. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 33:862-865, 1989.
PubMed
40) Wadleigh RG, ' Redman RS, Graham ML, et al:Vitamin E in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Am. J. Med. 92:481-484, 1992.
PubMed
41) Mills EE:The modifying effect of beta-carotene on radiation and chemotherapy induced oral mucositis. Br. J. Cancer 57:416-417, 1988.
PubMed
P.1314 掲載の参考文献
1) Walder S, Fuks JZ, Wiernik PH:Phase I and II agents in cancer therapy:I. Anthracycles and related compounds. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 26:491-509, 1986.
 
2) Kapoor AS:Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. In Cancer and the Heart (edited by Kapoor AS) , Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986, pp. 227-231.
 
3) Bristow MR, Thompson PD, Martin RP, et al:Early anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Am. J. Med. 65:823-832, 1978.
PubMed
4) Wortman JE, Lucas VS, Schutter E, et al:Sudden death during doxorubicin administration. Cancer 44:1588-1591, 1979.
 
5) Bristow MR:Toxic cardiomyopathy due to doxorubicin. Hosp. Pract. 17:101-111, 1982.
PubMed
6) Billingham ME, Mason JW, Bristow MR, et al:Anthracycline cardiomyopathy monitored by morphologic changes. Cancer Treat. Rep. 62:865-872, 1978.
PubMed
7) Von Hoff DD, Layard MW, Basa P, et al:Risk factors for doxorubicin-induced congestive heart failure. Ann. Intern. Med. 91:710-717, 1979.
PubMed
8) Praga C, Beretta G, Vigo PL, et al:Adriamycin cardiotoxicity:A survey of 1273 patients. Cancer Treat. Rep. 63:827-834, 1979.
PubMed
9) Bristow MR, Billingham ME, Mason JW, et al:Clinical spectrum of anthracycline antibiotic cardiotoxicity. Cancer Treat. Rep. 6:873-879, 1978.
PubMed
10) Torti FM, Bristow MR, Howes AE, et al:Reduced cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin delivered on a weekly schedule. Assessment by endomyocardial biopsy. Ann. Intern. Med. 99:745-749, 1983.
PubMed
11) Weiss AJ, Metter GE, Fletcher WS:Studies on adriamycin using a weekly regimen demonstrating its clinical effectiveness and lack of cardiac toxicity. Cancer Treat. Rep. 60:813-822, 1976.
PubMed
12) Lum BL, Svec JM, Torti FM:Doxorubicin:Alteration of dose scheduling as a means of reducing cardiotoxicity. Drug Intell. Clin. Pharm. 19:259-264, 1985.
 
13) Billingham ME, Bristow MR, Glatstein E, et al:Adriamycin cardiotoxicity:Endomyocardial biopsy evidence of enhancement by irradiation. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 1:17-23, 1977.
PubMed
14) Bristow MR, Mason JW, Billingham ME, et al:Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy:Evaluation by phonocardiography, endomyocardial biopsy, and cardiac catheterization. Ann. Intern. Med. 88:168-175, 1978.
PubMed
15) Minow RA, Benjamin RS, Lee ET, et al:Adriamycin cardiomyopathy-Risk factors. Cancer 39:1397-1402, 1977.
PubMed
16) Goorin AM, Borow KM, Goldman A, et al:Congestive heart failure due to adriamycin cardiotoxicity:Its natural history in children. Cancer 47:2810-2816, 1981.
PubMed
17) Pratt CB, Ransom JL, Evans WE:Age-related adriamycin cardiotoxicity in children. Cancer Treat. Rep. 62:1381-1385, 1978.
PubMed
18) Obama M, Cangir A, Van Eys J:Nutritional status and anthracycline cardiotoxicity in children. South. Med. J. 76:577-578, 1983.
PubMed
19) Mosijczuk AD, Ruyman FB, Mease AD, et al:Anthracycline cardiomyopathy in children. Report of two cases. Cancer 44:1582-1587, 1979.
 
20) Kushner JP, Hansen VL, Hammar SP:Cardiomyopathy after widely separated courses of adriamycin exacerbated by actinomycin D and mithramycin. Cancer 36:1577-1584, 1975.
PubMed
21) Buzdar AU, Legha SS, Tashima CK, et al:Adriamycin and mitomycin C:Possible synergistic cardiotoxicity. Cancer Treat. Rep. 62:1005-1008, 1978.
PubMed
22) Bitran JD:Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity and melphalan. Ann. Intern. Med. 95:243-244, 1981.
PubMed
23) Billingham ME, Mason JW, Bristow MR, et al:Anthracycline cardiomyopathy monitored by morphologic changes. Cancer Treat. Rep. 62:865-872, 1978.
PubMed
24) Allen A:The cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs. Semin. Oncol. 19:529-542, 1992.
 
25) Schwartz RG, Mckenzie WB, Alexander J, et al:Congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction complicating doxorubicin therapy. seven-year experience using serial radio nucleotide angiocardiography. Am. J. Med. 82:1109-1118, 1987.
 
26) McGuire WP, Rowinsky EK, Rosenshein NB, et al:Taxol:A unique antineoplastic agent with significant activity in advanced ovarian epithelial neoplasms. Ann. Intern. Med. 111:273-279, 1989.
PubMed
27) Holmes FA, Walters RS, Theriault RL, et al:Phase II trial of taxol, an active drug in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:1797-1805, 1991.
PubMed
28) Weiss RB, Donehower RC, Wiernik PH, et al:Hypersensitivity reactions from taxol. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:1263-1268, 1990.
PubMed
29) Weiss RB:Hypersensitivity reactions. Semin. Oncol. 19:458-477, 1992.
 
30) Rowinsky EK, Donehower RC:Paclitaxel (taxol) . N. Engl. J. Med. 332:1004-1014, 1995.
PubMed
31) Rowinsky EK, McGuire WP, Guarnieri T, et al:Cardiac disturbances during the administration of taxol. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1704-1712, 1991.
PubMed
32) Rowinsky EK, Gilbert MR, McGuire WP, et al:Sequences of taxol and cisplatin:A phase I and pharmacologic study. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1692-1703, 1991.
PubMed
33) Gianni L, Straneo G, Capri F, et al:Optimal dose and sequence finding study of paclitaxel (P) P by 3 h infusion with bolus doxorubicin (D) in untreated metastatic breast cancer patients (Pts) . Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 13:74, 1994.
 
34) Mills BA, Roberts RW:Cyclophosphamide-induced cardiomyopathy. A report of two casesand review of the English literature. Cancer 43:2223-2226, 1979.
 
35) Gottdiener JS, Applebaum FR, Ferrans VJ, et al:Cardiotoxicity associated with high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy. Arch. Intern. Med. 141:758-763, 1981.
 
36) Steinherz LJ, Steinherz PG:Cyclophosphamide cardiotoxicity. Cancer Bull. 37:231-234, 1985.
 
37) Braverman AC, Antin JH, Plappert MT, et al:Cyclophosphamide cardiotoxicity in bone marrow transplantation:A prospective evaluation of new dosing regimens. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1215-1223, 1991.
PubMed
38) Labianca R, Berreta G, Clerici M, et al:Cardiac toxicity of 5-fluorouracil:A study on 1083 patients. Tumori 68:505-510, 1982.
 
39) Collins C, Weiden PL:Cardiotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil. Cancer Treat. Rep. 71:733-736, 1987.
PubMed
40) Freeman NJ, Costanza ME:5-fluorouracil-associated cardiotoxicity. Cancer 61:36-45, 1988.
PubMed
41) McKendall GR, Shurman A, Anamur M, et al:Toxic cardiogenic shock associated withinfusion of 5-fluorouracil. Am. Heart J. 118:184-186, 1989.
 
42) Mancuso L, Bondi F, Marchi S, et al:Cardiac toxicity of 5-fluorouracil. Report of a case of spontaneous angina. Tumori 72:121-124, 1986.
PubMed
43) Eskilsson J, Albertsson M, Mercke C:Adverse cardiac effects during induction chemotherapy treatment with cis-platin and 5-fluorouracil. Radiother. Oncol. 13:41-46, 1988.
PubMed
44) Stewart JR, Fajardo LF:Radiation-induced heart disease:An update. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 27 (3) :173-194, 1984.
PubMed
45) Arsenian MA:Cardiovascular sequelae of therapeutic thoracic radiation. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 33 (5) :299-312, 1991.
PubMed
46) Blayney DW, Longo D:Radiation-induced pericarditis. N. Engl. J. Med. 306:550-551, 1982.
 
47) Cohen SL, Bharati S, Glass J, et al:Radiotherapy as a cause of complete atrioventricular block in Hodgkin's disease. Arch. Intern. Med. 141:676-679, 1981.
 
48) Annest LS, Anderson RP, Li W, et al:Coronary artery disease following mediastinal radiation therapy. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 85:257-263, 1983.
PubMed
49) Handler CE, Livesey S, Lawton PA:Coronary ostial stenosis after radiotherapy:Angioplasty or coronary artery surgery? Br. Heart. J. 61:208-211, 1989.
PubMed
50) Grollier G, Commeau P, Mercier V, et al:Eur. Heart J. 9:567-570, 1988
PubMed
51) Levitt SH, Fletcher GH:Trials and tribulations:Do clinical trials prove that irradiation increases cardiac and secondary cancer mortality in the breast cancer patients? Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 20:523-527, 1991.
 
52) Kreisman H, Wolkove N:Pulmonary toxicity of antineoplastic therapy. Semin. Oncol. 19:508-520, 1992.
 
53) Lazo JS, Humphreys CJ:Lack of metabolism as the biochemical basis of bleomycin-inducedpulmonary toxicity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:3064-3068, 1983.
 
54) Adamson IY, Bowden DH:The pathogenesis of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Am. J. Pathol. 77:185-197, 1974.
PubMed
55) De Lena M, Guzzon A, Monfardini S, et al:Clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic studies on pulmonary toxicity induced by treatment with bleomycin (NSC-125066) . Cancer Chemother. Rep. Part 1. 56:343-356, 1972.
 
56) Levi JA, Thomson D, Sandeman T, et al:A prospective study of cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy in advanced germ cell malignancy:Role of maintenance and long-term follow-up. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1154-1160, 1988.
PubMed
57) Cooper JA Jr, White DA, Matthay RA:Drug-induced pulmonary disease. Part 1:Cytotoxic drugs. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133:321-340, 1986.
PubMed
58) Haas CD, Coltman CA, Gottlieb JA, et al:Phase II evaluation of bleomycin:A Southwest Oncology Group study. Cancer 38:8-12, 1976.
 
59) Blum RH, Carter SK, Agre K:A clinical review of bleomycin-A new antineoplastic agent. Cancer 31:903-914, 1973.
PubMed
60) Ginsberg SJ, Comis RL:The pulmonary toxicity of antineoplastic agents. Semin. Oncol. 9:34-51, 1982.
PubMed
61) Samuels ML, Johnson DE, Holoye PY, et al:Large-dose bleomycin therapy and pulmonary toxicity. A possible role of prior radiotherapy. JAMA 235:1117-1120, 1976.
PubMed
62) Einhorn L, Krause M, Hornback N, et al:Enhanced pulmonary toxicity with bleomycin and radiotherapy in oat cell lung cancer. Cancer 37:2414-2416, 1976.
PubMed
63) Goldiner PL, Carlon GC, Cvitkovic E, et al:Factors influencing postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients treated with bleomycin. Br. Med. J. 1:1664-1667, 1978.
PubMed
64) Dalgleich AG, Woods RL, Levi JA:Bleomycin pulmonary toxicity:Its relationship to renal dysfunction. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 12:313-317, 1984.
 
65) McKeage MJ, Evans BD, Atkinson C, et al:Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity is a poor predictor of clinically significant bleomycin lung. J. Clin. Ocol. 8:779-783, 1990.
 
66) Pascual RS, Mosher MB, Sikand RS, et al:Effects of bleomycin on pulmonary function in man. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 108:211-217, 1973.
 
67) Richman SD, Levenson SM, Bunn PA, et al:67Ga accumulation in pulmonary lesions associated with bleomycin toxicity. Cancer 36:1966-1972, 1975.
PubMed
68) Fahey PJ, Utell MJ, Mayewski RJ, et al:Early diagnosis of bleomycin pulmonary toxicity using bronchoalveolar lavage in dogs. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 126:126-130, 1982.
PubMed
69) Willson, JKV:Pulmonary toxicity of antineoplastic drugs. Cancer Treat. Rep. 62:2003-2008, 1978.
 
70) Doll DC, Weiss RB, Issell BF:Mitomycin:Ten years after approval for marketing. J. Clin. Oncol. 3:276-286, 1985.
PubMed
71) Twohig KJ, Matthay RA:Pulmonary effects of cytotoxic agents other than bleomycin. Clin. Chest Med. 11:31-54, 1990.
PubMed
72) Franklin R, Steiger Z, Vaishampayan G, et al:Combined modality therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer 51:1062-1071, 1983.
PubMed
73) Chang AY, Kuebler Jp, Pandya KJ, et al:Pulmonary toxicity induced by mitomycin C is highly responsive to glucocorticoids. Cancer 57:2285-2290, 1986.
PubMed
74) Horton LW, Chappell AG, Powell DE:Diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis complicating Hodgkin's disease. Br. J. Dis. Chest 71:44-48, 1977.
PubMed
75) Johnson RE, Brereton HD, Kent CH:"Total" therapy for small cell carcinoma of the lung. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 25:510-515, 1978.
PubMed
76) Einhorn L, Krause M, Hornback N, et al:Enhanced pulmonary toxicity with bleomycin andradio therapy in oat cell lung cancer. Cancer 37:2414-2416, 1976.
PubMed
77) Oliner H, Schwartz R, Rubio F, et al:Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis following busulfan therapy. Am. J. Med. 31:134-139, 1961.
PubMed
78) Lehne G, Lote K:Pulmonary toxicity of cytotoxic and immunosuppressive agents. A review. Acta Oncol. 29:113-124, 1990.
PubMed
79) Bedrossian CW, Miller WC, Luna MA:Methotrexate-induced diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. South. Med. J. 72:313-318, 1979.
PubMed
80) Sostman HD, Matthay RA, Putman CE, et al:Methotrexate-induced pneumonitis. Medicine 55:371-388, 1976.
PubMed
81) Zimmerman MS, Ruckdeschel JC, Hussain M:Chemotherapy-induced interstitial pneumonitis during treatment of small cell anaplastic lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:396-405, 1984.
PubMed
82) Negoro S, Fukuoka M, Masuda N, et al:Phase I study of weekly intravenous CPT-11, a new derivative of camptothecin, in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:1164-1168, 1991.
PubMed
83) Fukuoka M, Niitani H, Suzuki A, et al:A phase II study of CPT-11, a new derivative of camptothecin, for previously untreated non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:16-20, 1992.
 
84) Masuda N, Fukuoka M, Kusunoki Y, et al:CPT-11:a new derivative of camptothecin for the treatment of refractory or relapsed small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1225-1229, 1992.
PubMed
85) Gross NJ:Pulmonary effects of radiation therapy. Ann. Intern. Med. 86:81-92, 1977.
PubMed
86) Maasilta P:Radiation-induced lung injury. From the chest physician's point of view. Lung Cancer 7:367-384, 1991.
 
87) Libshitz HI, Southard ME:Complications of radiation therapy:the thorax. Sem. Roentgenol. 9:41-49, 1974.
 
88) Gibson PG, Bryant DH, Morgan GW, et al:Radiation-induced lung injury:A hypersensitivity pneumonitis? Ann. Intern. Med. 109:288-291, 1988.
PubMed
89) Gordier JF, Mornex JF, Lasne Y, et al:Bronchoalveolar lavage in radiation pneumonitis. Bull. Eur. Physiopathol. Respir. 20:369-374, 1984.
 
90) Byhardt RW, Abrams R, Almagro U:The association of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARADS) with thoracic irradiation (RT) . Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 15:1441-1446, 1988.
 
91) Damewood MD, Grochow LB:Prospects for fertility after chemotherapy or radiation for neoplastic disease. Fertil. Steril. 45:443-459, 1986.
PubMed
92) Richter P, Calamera JC, Morgenfeld MC, et al:Effects of chlorambucil on spermatogenesis in the human with malignant lymphoma. Cancer 25:1026-1030, 1970.
PubMed
93) da Cunha MF, Meistrich ML, Haq MM, et al:Temporary effect of AMSA (4'-(9-acridinylamino) methanesulfon-m-anisidide) chemotherapy on spermatogenesis. Cancer 49:2459-2462, 1982.
PubMed
94) Chapman RM, Sutcliffe SB, Rees LH, et al:Cyclical combination chemotherapy and gonadal function. Retrospective study in males. Lancet 1:285-289, 1979.
PubMed
95) Chapman RM, Sutcliffe SB, Malpas JS:Male gonadal dysfunction in Hodgkin's disease:A prospective study. JAMA 245:1323-1328, 1981.
PubMed
96) Whitehead E, Shalet SM, Blackledge G, et al:The effects of Hodgkin's disease and combination chemotherapy on gonadal function in the adult male. Cancer 49:418-422, 1982.
PubMed
97) da Cunha MF, Meistrich ML, Fuller LM, et al:Recovery of spermatogenesis after treatment for Hodgkin's Disease:Limiting dose of MOPP chemotherapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:571-577, 1984.
PubMed
98) Redman JR, Bajorunas DR, Goldstein MC, et al:Semen cryopreservation and artificial insemination for Hodgkin's disease. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:233-238, 1987.
PubMed
99) Viviani S, Ragni G, Santoro A, et al:Testicular dysfunction in Hodgkin's Disease before and after treatment. Eur. J. Cancer 27:1389-1392, 1991.
PubMed
100) Viviani S, Santoro A, Ragni G, et al:Gonadal toxicity after combination chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. Comparative results of MOPP vs ABVD. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 21:601-605, 1985.
PubMed
101) Anselmo AP, Cartoni C, Bellantuono P, et al:Risk of infertility in patients with Hodgkin's disease treated with ABVD vs MOPP vs ABVD/MOPP. Haematol. 75:155-158, 1990.
 
102) Berthelsen JG:Sperm counts and serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels before and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in men with testicular germ cell cancer. Fertil. Steril. 41:281-286, 1984.
PubMed
103) Roth BJ, Einhorn LH, Greist A:Long-term complications of cisplatin-based chemotherapy for testis cancer. Semin. Oncol. 15:345-350, 1988.
PubMed
104) Petersen PM, Hansen SW, Giwercman A, et al:Dose-dependent impairment of testicular function in patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy for germ cell cancer. Ann. Oncol. 5:355-358, 1994.
PubMed
105) Lentz RD, Bergstein J, Steffes MW, et al:Postpubertal evaluation of gonadal function following cyclophosphamide therapy before and during puberty. J. Pediatr. 91:385-394, 1977.
PubMed
106) Dhabhar BN, Malhotra H, Joseph R, et al:Gonada function in prepubertal boys following treatment for Hodgkin's disease. Am. J. Pediatr. Hematol. /Oncol. 15:306-310, 1993.
PubMed
107) Shafford EA, Kingston JE, Malpas JS, et al:Testicular function following the treatment of Hodgkin's disease in childhood. Br. J. Cancer 68:1199-1204, 1993.
PubMed
108) Rautonen J, Koskimies AI, Siimes MA:Vincristine is associated with the risk of azoospermia in adult male survivors of childhood malignancies. Eur. J. Cancer 28A:1837-1841, 1992.
PubMed
109) Nicosia SV, Matus-Ridley M, Meadows AT:Gonadal effects of cancer therapy in girls. Cancer 55:2364-2372, 1985.
PubMed
110) Andrieu JM, Ochoa-Molina ME:Menstrual cycle, pregnancies and offspring before and after MOPP therapy for Hodgkin's disease. Cancer 52:435-438, 1983.
PubMed
111) Chapman RM, Sutcliffe SB, Malpas JS:Cytotoxic-induced ovarian failure in women with Hodgkin's disease. JAMA 242:1877-1881, 1979.
PubMed
112) Feldman JE:Ovarian failure and cancer treatment:Incidence and interventions for premenopausal woman. Oncol. Nurs. Forum 16:651-657, 1989.
PubMed
113) Chapman RM:Gonadal injury resulting from chemotherapy. Am. J. Ind. Med. 4:149-161, 1983.
PubMed
114) Longo DL, Glatstein E, Duffey PL, et al:Radiation therapy versus combination chemotherapy in the treatment of early-stage Hodgkin's disease:Seven-year results of a prospective randomized trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:906-917, 1991.
 
P.1328 掲載の参考文献
1) Knudsen AG Jr:Hereditary cancer, oncogenes, and anti-oncogenes. Cancer Res. 45:14372-1443, 1985.
 
2) Fraumeni, JF Jr, Devesa SS, Hoover RN, et al:Epidemiology of Cancer. In:Cancer:Principles & Practices of Oncology, Devita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (eds) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 150-181.
 
3) International Agency for Research on Cancer:Tobacco smoking. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans, vol. 38, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 1986.
 
4) Tucker MA, D' Angio GJ, Boice JD, et al:Bone sarcoma linked to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in children. N. Engl. J. Med. 317:588-593, 1987.
PubMed
5) Kaldor JM, Day NE, Clark EA, et al:Leukemia following Hodgkin's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:7-13, 1990.
 
6) Marselos M, Vainio H:Carcinogenic properties of pharmaceutical agents evaluated in the IARC Monographs programme. Carcinogenesis 12:1751-1766, 1991.
PubMed
7) DeVita VT Jr:Principles of chemotherapy. In:Cancer. Principles & Practices of Oncology, DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (eds) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 276-292.
 
8) Tucker MA, Coleman CN, Cox RS, et al:Risk of second cancers after treatment for Hodgkin'sdisease. N. Engl. J. Med. 318:76-81, 1988.
 
9) Valagussa P, Santoro A, Bellani FF, et al:Second malignancies in Hodgkin's disease:a complication of certain forms of treatment. BMJ 26:216-219, 1980.
 
10) Henry-Amar M:Second cancers after radiotherapy and chemotherapy for early stages of Hodgkin's disease. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 71:911-916, 1983.
PubMed
11) Boivin JF, Hutchinson GB:Leukemia and other cancers after radiotherapy and chemotherapyfor Hodgkin's disease. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 67:751-760, 1981.
 
12) van Leeuwen FE, Somers R, Taal BG, et al:Increased risk of lung cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and leukemia following Hodgkin's disease. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1046-1058, 1989.
PubMed
13) Abrahamsen JF, Andersen A, Hannisdal E, et al:Second malignancies after treatment of Hodgkin's disease:The influence of treatment, follow-up time, and age. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:255-261, 1993.
 
14) Boivin J-F, Hutchinson GB, Lyden M, et al:Second primary cancers following treatment of Hodgkin's disease. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 72:233-241, 1984.
 
15) Neufeld H, Weinerman BH, Kemel S:Secondary malignant neoplasms in patients with Hodgkin's disease. JAMA 239:2470-2471, 1978.
PubMed
16) Pedersen-Bjergaard J, Larsen SO:Incidence of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, preleukemia, and acute myeloproliferative syndrome up to 10 years after treatment of Hodgkin's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 307:965-971, 1982.
PubMed
17) van Leeuwen FE, Chorus AMJ, van den Belt-Dusebout AW, et al:Leukemia risk following Hodgkin's disease:relation to cumulative dose of alkylating agents, treatment with teniposide combinations, number of episodes of chemotherapy, and bone marrow damage. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1063-1073, 1994.
 
18) Coleman CN, Williams, CJ, Flint A, et al:Hematologic neoplasia in patients treated for Hodgkin's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 297:1249-1252, 1977.
PubMed
19) Zulian GB, Mirimanoff RO:Ten-year nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's disease and second malignancies. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 25:659-665, 1989.
PubMed
20) Greene MH, Boice JD Jr, Greer BE, et al:Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia after therapy with alkylating agents for ovarian cancer. A study of five randomized clinical trials. N. Engl. J. Med. 307:1416-1421, 1982.
PubMed
21) Reimer RR, Hoover R, Fraumeni JF Jr, et al:Acute leukemia after alkylating-agent therapy of ovarian cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 297:177-181, 1977.
PubMed
22) Pedersen-Bjergaard J, Nissen NI, Sorensen HM, et al:Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia in patients with ovarian carcinoma following long-term treatment with Treosulfan (=dihydroxybusulfan) . Cancer 45:19-29, 1980.
 
23) Einhorn N:Acute leukemia after chemotherapy (melphalan) . Cancer 41:444-447, 1978.
PubMed
24) Tucker MA, Meadows AT, Boice JD, et al:Leukemia after therapy with alkylating agents for childhood cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 78:459-464, 1987.
 
25) Greene MH, Young RC, Merrill JM, et al:Evidence of a treatment dose response in acute nonlymphocytic leukemias which occur after therapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cancer Res. 43:1891-1898, 1983.
PubMed
26) Gomez GA, Aggarwal KK, Han T:Post-therapeutic acute malignant myeloproliferative syndrome and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Correlation with intensity of treatment. Cancer 50:2285-2288, 1982.
PubMed
27) Chak LY, Sikic BI, Tucker MA, et al:Increased incidence of acute nonlymphotic leukemia following therapy in patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:385-390, 1984.
 
28) Pedersen-Bjergaard JP, Osterlind K, Hansen M, et al:Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, preleukemia, and solid tumors following intensive chemotherapy of small cell carcinoma of the lung. Blood 66:1393-1397, 1985.
 
29) Ratain MJ, Kaminer LS, Bitran JD, et al:Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia following etoposide and cisplatin combination chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Blood 70:1412-1417, 1987.
PubMed
30) Stott H, Fox W, Girling DJ:Acute leukemia after busulphan. BMJ 2:1513-1517, 1977.
PubMed
31) Boice JD Jr, Greene Mh, Killen JY Jr, et al:Leukemia after adjuvant chemotherapy with semustine (methyl-CCNU) -evidence of a dose-response effect. N. Engl. J. Med. 314:119-120, 1986.
 
32) Wahlin A, Roos G, Rudolphi O, et al:Melphalan-related leukemia in multiple myeloma. Acta Med. Scand. 211:203-208, 1982.
PubMed
33) Gonzalez F, Trujillo JM, Alexanian R:Acute leukemia in multiple myeloma. Ann. Inter. Med. 86:440-443, 1977.
 
34) Bergsagel DE, Bailey AJ, Langley GR, et al:The chemotherapy of plasma-cell myeloma and the incidence of acute leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 301:743-748, 1979.
PubMed
35) Mosijczuk AD, Ruymann, FB:Second malignancy in acute lymphocytic leukemia:Review of 33 cases. Am. J. Dis. Child. 135:313-316, 1981.
PubMed
36) Tucker MA, Meadows AT, Boice JD, et al:Cancer risk following treatment of childhood cancer. In:Radiation Carcinogenesis:Epidemiology and Biological Significance, Boice JD Jr, Fraumeni JF Jr, Raven Press, New York, 1984, pp. 211-224.
 
37) Tucker MA, Morris Jones PH, Boice JD, et al:Therapeutic radiation at a young age is linked to secondary thyroid cancer. Cancer Res. 51:2885-2888, 1991.
 
38) Boice JD Jr, Blettner M, Kleinerman RA, et al:Radiation dose and leukemia risk in patients treated for cancer of the cervix. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 79:1295-1311, 1987.
PubMed
39) Reimer RR, Hoover R, Fraumeni JF, et al:Second primary neoplasms following ovarian cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 61:1195-1197, 1978.
PubMed
40) Pedersen-Bjergaar, J Ersboll J, Hansen VL, et al:Carcinoma of the urinary bladder after treatment with cyclophosphamide for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 318:1028-1032, 1988.
 
41) Inskip PD, Stovall M, Flannery JT:Lung cancer risk and radiation dose among women treated for breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:983-988, 1994.
PubMed
42) Valagussa P, Tancini G, Bonadonna G:Second malignancies after CMF for resectable breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1138-1142, 1987.
PubMed
43) Whang-Peng J, Young RC, Lee Ec, et al:Cytogenetic studies in patients with secondary leukemia/dysmyelopoietic syndrome after different treatment modalities. Blood 71:403-414, 1988.
PubMed
44) Sandberg AA:Chromosome changes and their significance in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. In:The Chromosomes in Human Cancer and Leukemia, second edition, Elsevier Science Publishing, New York, 1990, pp. 223-312.
 
45) Tucker MA, D' Angio GJ, Boice JD Jr, et al:Bone sarcomas linked to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in children. N. Engl. J. Med. 317:588-593, 1987.
PubMed
46) Michels SD, McKenna RW, Arthur DC, et al:Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome:a clinical and morphologic study of 65 cases. Blood 65:1364-1372, 1985.
PubMed
47) Casciato DA, Scott JL:Acute leukemia following prolonged cytotoxic agent therapy. Medicine 58:32-47, 1979.
PubMed
48) Kantarjian HM, Keating MJ, Walters RS, et al:Therapy-related leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome:Clinical, cytogenetic, and prognostic features. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:1748-1757, 1986.
PubMed
49) Whitlock JA, Greer Jp, Lukens, JN:Epipodophyllotoxin-related leukemia. Cancer 68:600-604, 1991.
PubMed
50) Pedersen-Bjergaard J, Philip P, Larsen SO, et al:Chromosome aberrations and prognostic factors in therapy-related myelodysplasia and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Blood 76:1083-1091, 1990.
PubMed
51) Morton RF, Villasanta U:New cancers arising in 1, 563 patients with carcinoma of the cervix treated by irradiation. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 115:462-466, 1973.
PubMed
52) Tucker JD, Wyrobeck AJ, Ashworth LK, et al:Induction, accumulation, and persistence of sister chromatid exchanges in women with breast cancer receiving cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Cancer Res. 50:4951-4957, 1990.
 
53) Ludlum DB:Therapeutic agents as potential carcinogens. In:Chemical Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis I, Cooper CD, Grover PL (eds) , Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990, pp. 153-175.
 
54) Vyas RC, Adhvaryu SG, Shah VC:Effects of CCNU therapy on human chromosomes. Mutat. Res. 206:163-166, 1988.
 
55) Berger NA:Alkylating agents. In:Cancer. Principles & Practices of Oncology, Devita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (eds) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 400-409.
 
56) Pui C-H, Reiro RC, Hancock ML, et al:Acute myeloid leuke in children treated with epipodophyllotoxins for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 325:1682-1687, 1991.
 
57) Pedersen-Bjergaard J, Daugaard G, Hansen SW, et al:Increased risk of myelodysplasia and leukemia after etoposide, cisplatin, and bleomycin for germ-cell tumors. Lancet 338:359-363, 1991.
PubMed
58) Maraschin J, Dutrillaux B, Aurias A:Chromosome aberrations induced by etoposide (VP-16) are not random. Int. J. Cancer 46:808-812, 1990.
 
59) Whitleock JA, Greer Jp, Lukens JN:Epipodophyllotoxin-related leukemia:Identification of a new subset of secondary leukemia. Cancer 68:600-604, 1991.
 
60) Darrington DL, Vose JM, Anderson JR, et al:Incidence and characterization of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myelogeneous leukemia following high-dose chemoradiotherapy and autologus stem-cell transplantation for lymphoid malignancies. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:2527-2534, 1994.
 
61) Fornander T, Rutqvist LE, Cedermark B, et al:Adjuvant tamoxifen in early breast cancer:Occurrence of new primary cancers. Lancet 1:117-120, 1989.
PubMed
62) Fentiman IS, Powles TJ:Tamoxifen and benign breast problems. Lancet 2:1070-1072, 1987.
PubMed
63) Rutqvist LE, Johansson H, Signomklao T, et al:Adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for early stage breast cancer and second primary malignancies. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87:645-651, 1995.
PubMed
64) White IN, de Matteis F, Davies A, et al:Genotoxic potential of tamoxifen and analogues in female Fischer F344/n rats, DBA/2 and C57BL/6 mice and in human MCL-5 cells. Carcinogenesis 13:2197-2203, 1992.
PubMed
65) Urba WJ, Longo DL:Hodgkin's disease in adults. Part II Invest. Radiol. 28:848-859, 1993.
PubMed
66) Pederson-Bjergaard J, Philips B, Mortensen BT, et al:Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, preleukemia, and acute myeloproliferative syndrome secondary to treatment of other malignant diseases. Clinical and cytogenetic characteristics and results of in vitro culture of bone marrow and HLA-typing. Blood 57:712-723, 1981.
 
67) Baccarani M, Zaccaria A, Bandini G, et al:Low dose arabinosyl cytosine for treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and subacute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia Res. 7:539-545, 1983.
PubMed
68) Clark RE, Jacobs A, Lush C, et al:Effect of 13-cis retinoic acid on survival of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Lancet i:763-765, 1987.
PubMed
69) Vadhan-Raj S, Keating M, LeMaistre A, et al:Effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. N. Engl. J. Med. 317:1545-1552, 1987.
PubMed
70) De Witte T, Zwaan F, Hermans J, et al:Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for secondary and myerodysplastic syndrome:a survey by the Leukemia Working Party of the European Bone Marrow Transplantation Group (EBMTG) . Br. J. Haematol. 74:151-155, 1990.
PubMed
71) Rowe JM, Andersen J, Mazza J, et al:Phase III randomized placebo-controlled study of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in adult patients (55-70 years) with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) . A study of the eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) . Blood 82:1299a, 1993. (suppl. 1, abstr.)
 
72) Chao NJ, Nademanee AP, Long GD, et al:Importance of bone marrow cytogenetic evaluation before autologous bone marrow transplantation for Hodgkin's disease. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1575-1579, 1991.
PubMed
73) Forman SJ, Sullivan JL, Wright C, et al:Epstein-Barr-virus-related malignant B cell lymphoblastic lymphoma following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia. Tansplantation 44:244-249, 1987.
 
74) Tricot G, van Hoof A, Zachee P, et al:Bone marrow transplantation performed as first-time treatment in two cases of secondary acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia Res. 8:93-96, 1984.
PubMed
75) O'Donnell MR, Nademanee AP, Snyder DS, et al:Bone marrow transplantation for myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative syndromes. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1822-1826, 1987.
PubMed
76) Wheeler C, Antin JH, Churchill WH, et al:Cyclophosphamide, carmustine, and etoposide with autologous bone marrow transplantation in refractory Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin'slymphoma:A dose-finding study. J. Clin. Oncol. 8:648-656, 1990.
 

53. サイコオンコロジー

P.1359 掲載の参考文献
1) Massie MJ, Holland JC:Overview of normal reactions and prevalence of psychiatric disorders. Handbook of psychooncology (edited by Holland JC and Rowland JH) , 1st Ed, Oxford University Press, New York, 1990, pp. 273-282. (河野博臣, 濃沼信夫, 神代尚芳監訳:サイコオンコロジー(2) 第1版, メディサイエンス社, 東京, 1993, pp. 3-11.)
 
2) 厚生省大臣官房統計情報部編:平成4年度人口動態社会経済面調査報告 悪性新生物, 財団法人厚生統計協会, 東京, 1994.
 
3) Kubler-Ross E:On death and dying. Macmillan, New York, 1969. (川口正吉訳:死ぬ瞬間. 読売新聞社, 東京, 1971.)
 
4) Holland JC:Clinical course of cancer. Handbook of psychooncology (edited by Holland JC and Rowland JH) , 1st Ed, Oxford University Press, New York, 1990, pp. 75-100. (河野博臣, 濃沼信夫, 神代尚芳監訳:サイコオンコロジー(1) . 第1版, メディサイエンス社, 東京, 1993, pp. 69-93.)
 
5) Holland JC:Fears and abnormal reactions to cancer in physically healthy individuals. Hand-book of psychooncology (edited by Holland JC and Rowland JH) , 1st Ed, Oxford University Press, New York, 1990, pp. 13-21. (河野博臣, 濃沼信夫, 神代尚芳監訳:サイコオンコロジー(1) . 第1版, メディサイエンス社, 東京, 1993, pp. 12-19.)
 
6) 村上國男:病名告知とQOL. 第1版, メヂカルフレンド社, 東京, 1990, pp. 31-39.
 
7) 柏木哲夫:ターミナルケアと精神障害精神医学29:89-95, 1987.
 
8) 牛島定信, 小金丸史隆, 池亀チエ・他:がん患者の心理, 再考. 総合病院精神医学2:137-144, 1990.
 
9) American Psychiatric Association:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC. 1980.
 
10) Derogatis LR, Morrow GR, Fetting J, et al:The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among cancer patients. JAMA 249:751-757, 1983.
PubMed
11) Massie MJ:Anxiety, Panic, and Phobias. Handbook of psychooncology (edited by Holland JC nd Rowland JH) , 1st Ed, Oxford University Press, New York, 1990, pp. 300-309. (河野博臣, 濃沼信夫, 神代尚芳監訳:サイコオンコロジー(2) . 第1版, メディサイエンス社, 東京, 1993, pp. 27-35.)
 
12) Massie MJ, Holland JC:The cancer patient with pain:Psychiatric complications and their management. Med. Clin. North Am. 71:243-257, 1987.
PubMed
13) Holland JC:Anxiety and cancer:The patient and the family. J. Clin. Psychiat. 50:20-25, 1989.
 
14) Foley KM:The treatment of cancer pain. N. Engl. J. Med. 313:84-95, 1985.
PubMed
15) Holland JC, Korzun AH, Tross S, et al:Comparative psychological disturbance in patients with pancreatic and gastric cancer. Am. J. Psychiat. 143:982-986, 1986.
PubMed
16) Cassileth BR, Knuiman MW, Abeloff MD, et al:Anxiety levels in patients randomized to adjuvant therapy versus observation for early breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 4:972-974, 1986.
PubMed
17) Brennan SC, Redd WH, Jacobsen PB, et al:Anxiety and panic during magnetic resonance scans. Lancet 27:512, 1988.
 
18) Feighner JP, Aden GC, Fabre LF, et al:Comparison of alprazolam, imipramine, and placebo in the treatment of depression. JAMA 249:3057-3064, 1983.
PubMed
19) Rickels K, Feighner JP, Smith WT:Alprazolam, amitriptyline, doxepin, and placebo in the treatment of depression. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 42:134-141, 1985.
PubMed
20) Busto U, Sellers EM, Naranjo CA, et al:Withdrawal reaction after long-term therapeutic use of benzodiazepines. N. Engl. J. Med. 315:854-859, 1986.
PubMed
21) Massie MJ, Holland JC:Psychopharmacological Management. Handbook of psychooncology (edited by Holland JC and Rowland JH) , 1st Ed, Oxford University Press, New York, 1990, pp. 455-469. (河野博臣, 濃沼信夫, 神代尚芳 監訳:サイコオンコロジー(2) . 第1版, メディサイエンス社, 東京, 1993, pp. 179-198.)
 
22) Hohagen F, Rink K, Kappler C, et al:Prevalence and treatment of insomnia in general practice. a longitudinal study. Eur. Arch. Psychiat. Clin. Neurosci. 242:329-336, 1993.
 
23) Walsh JK, Engelhardt:Trends in the pharmacologic treatment of insomnia. J. Clin. Psychiat. 53:10-17, 1992.
 
24) Derogatis LR, Feldstein M, Morrow G, et al:A survey of psychotrophic drug prescriptions in an oncology population. Cancer 44:1919-1929, 1979.
 
25) American Psychiatric Association:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition-Revised. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC. 1987. (高橋三郎, 花田耕一, 藤縄昭 訳:DSM-IIIR精神障害の分類と診断の手引 第2版, 医学書院, 東京, 1988)
 
26) Plumb MM, Holland JC:Comparative studies of psychological function in patients with advanced cancer-I. self-reported depressive symptoms. Psychosom. Med. 39:264-276, 1977.
 
27) Massie MJ, Holland JC:Depression. Handbook of psychooncology (edited by Holland JC and Rowland JH) , 1st Ed, Oxford University Press, New York, 1990, pp. 283-290. (河野博臣, 濃沼信夫, 神代尚芳 監訳:サイコオンコロジー(2) . 第1版, メディサイエンス社, 東京, 1993, pp. 12-17.)
 
28) Spiegel D, Sands S, Koopman C:Pain and depression in patients with cancer. Cancer 74:2570-2578, 1994.
PubMed
29) Bruera E, Roca E, Cedaro L, et al:Action of oral methylpredonisolone in terminal cancer patients:a prospective randomized double-blind study. Cancer Treat. Rep. 69:751-754, 1985.
 
30) 高橋美枝, 池田久男:ステロイド精神病. 神経精神薬理10:61-66, 1988.
 
31) Worden JW, Weisman AD:Preventive psychosocial intervention with newly diagnosed cancer patients. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry. 6:243-249. 1984.
PubMed
32) Massie MJ, Holland JC:Psychotherapeutic Interventions. Handbook of psychooncology (edited by Holland JC and Rowland JH) , 1st Ed, Oxford University Press, New York, 1990, pp. 455-469. (河野博臣, 濃沼信夫, 神代尚芳監訳:サイコオンコロジー(2) . 第1版, メディサイエンス社, 東京, 1993, pp. 165-178.)
 
33) Stiefel FC, Kornblith AB, Holland JC:Changes in the prescription patterns of psychotrophic drugs for cancer patients during a 10-year period. Cancer 65:1048-1053, 1990.
 
34) Remick RA:Anticholinergic side effects of tricyclic antidepressants and their management. Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiat. 12:225-231, 1988.
 
35) Purohit DR, Navlakha PL, Modi RS, et al:The role antidepressants in hospitalised cancer patients. Jr. Asso. Phys. Ind. 26:245-248, 1978.
 
36) Roose SP, Glassman AH, Giardina EGV, et al:Tricyclic antidepressants in depressed patients with cardiac conduction disease. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 44:273-275, 1987.
 
37) 本橋伸高:抗うつ薬. JIM 4:52-53, 1994.
 
38) Costa D, Mogos I, Toma T:Efficacy and safety of mianserin in the treatment of depression of woman with cancer. Acta. Psychiatr. Scand. 72:85-92, 1985.
 
39) Stein RS, Flexner JM, Graber SE:Lithium and granulocytopenia during induction therapy of acute myelogenous leukemia. Blood 54:636-641, 1979.
PubMed
40) Turner AR, MacDonald RN, McPherson TA:Reduction of chemotherapy-induced neutropenic complications with a short course of lithium carbonate. Clin. Invest. Med. 2:51-53, 1979.
 
41) American Psychiatric Association:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC. 1994. (高橋三郎, 大野裕, 染矢俊幸訳:DSM-IV精神疾患の分類と診断の手引, 第1版, 医学書院, 東京, 1995)
 
42) Bruera E, Miller L, McCallion J, et al:Cognitive failure in patients with terminal cancer:a prospective study. J. Pain. Symptom. Manage. 7:192-195, 1992.
 
43) Folstein MF, Fetting JH, Lobo A, et al:Cognitive assessment of cancer patients. Cancer 53:2250-2255, 1984.
PubMed
44) Schwamm LH, Dyke CV, Kiernan RJ, et al:The neurobehavioral cognitive status examination:comparison with the cognitive capacity screening examination and mini-mental state examination in a neurosurgical population. Ann. Int. Med. 107:486-491, 1987.
 
45) 灘岡壽英, 佐川勝男, 東谷慶昭・他:リエゾン精神医学からみたせん妄患者の検討. 臨精医19:475-481, 1990.
 
46) 明智龍男, 内富庸介, 福江真由美・他:がん患者のせん妄に対するhaloperidolの使用について. 精神科治療学9:197-202, 1994.
 
47) 厚生省大臣官房統計情報部 (編) :平成4年人口動態統計上巻・厚生統計協会, 1992.
 
48) 厚生省:末期医療に関するケアの在り方の検討報告書. 1989.
 
49) Brescia FJ:Specialized care of the terminally ill. In;DeVita Jr VT, Hellrnan SI, Rosenberg SA. Cancer 4 th ed. vol. 2. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott, 1993, pp. 2501-2508.
 
50) Kasenbaum RJ:Death, society and human experience. St. Louis, CV Mosby, 1981.
 
51) Frankl VE:Man's search for meaning. New York, Pocket books, 1984.
 
52) Rando i:Grief, dying and death. Chicago, Reseach press, 1984.
 
53) Brescia FJ:an overview of pain and symptom management in advanced cancer. J. Pain Symptom Manage 2 Suppl:s 7-sll, 1987.
 
54) 漆崎一郎:癌のPalliative Therapy. 癌と化学療法社, 東京, 1992.
 
55) Foley KM:The treatment of cancer pain. N. Engl. J. Med. 31:84-95, 1985.
 
56) Bulkin W, Lukashok H:Rx for dying:The case for hospice. N. Engl. J Med. 318;376-378, 1988.
PubMed
57) Saunders C:The moment of truth:Care of the dying person. In Peasor L (eds.) :Death and dying. Case Western Reserve University Press, Cleaveland, 1969, pp. 49-78.
 
58) 柏木哲夫:末期癌患者への心理的援助. 日本精神神経学雑誌86:976-982, 1984.
 
59) 内富庸介, 皆川英明, 岡村 仁・他:終末期がん患者のコンサルテーンヨン・リエゾン精神医学. 臨精医24:149-159, 1995
 
60) Sammarino D:Dealing with the dying patients. in Devita VT et al (eds.) :Cancer-Principle & practice of oncology. J B Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 2508-2513.
 
61) Johonson JR, Temple R:Food and Drug Administration requirements of approval of new anticancer drugs. Cancer Treatment Reports. 69:1155-1157, 1985.
 
62) Schipper H, Clinch J, McMurray A, et al:Measuring the quality of life cancer patients:The functional living index-cancer Development and validation. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:472-483, 1984
 
63) Schipper H, Levitt M:Quality of life in cancer trials. What is it? Why measure it:In Ventafridda, V. et al. ed. Assessment of quality of life and cancer treatment (International Congress Series, No, 702) , Amsterdam Excerpta. Medica, 1986, pp. 19-28.
 
64) van Dam F, Linsen CAG, Couzijin AL:Evaluating quality of Iife in cancer. clinical trials. In Staquet M, Sylvester. M and Buyse M:The practice of clinical trials. Oxford University Press, 1983 pp. 26-43
 
65) Schipper H, Levitt M:Measuring Quality of Life:Risks and Benefits. Cancer Treatment Reports 69:1115-1123, 1985.
PubMed
66) Gough I R, Furnival C M, Schilder L, et al:Assessment of the quality of life of patients withadvanced cancer. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 19:1161-1165, 1983.
 
67) Spitzer W O, Dobson A J, Hall J, et al:Measuring the quality of life of cancer patients. J. Chron. Dis. 34:585-597, 1981.
PubMed
68) Karnofsky D A, Burchenal J H:The clinical evaluation of chemotherapeutic Agents. New York:Columbia University Press, 1949.
 
69) Zubrod CG, Schneiderman M, Frei E, et al:Appraisal of methods for the study of chemotherapy of cancer in man Comparative therapeutic trial of nitrogen mustard and triethylene thiophosphoramide. J. Chron. dis. 11:7-33, 1960.
 
70) Scott PJ, Huskisson EC:Graphic representation of pain. Pain 2:175-187, 1976.
 
71) Redd W H, Glidewell, G J, Minagawa R Y:Hypnotic control of anticipipatory emesis inpatients receiving cancer chemotherapy. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 50:14-19, 1982.
 
72) Folstein M F, Folstein SE, McHugh P R:Mini-Mental State. J. Psychiatr. Res. 12:189-198, 1975.
 
73) McNair DM, Lorr M, Droppleman LF:Profile of Mood States. Educational and Industrial Testing Service, San Diego, 1971.
 
74) Beck A, Ward C, Mendelson M, Mock J:An inventory for measuring depression. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 4:561-571, 1961.
PubMed
75) Hamilton M:Rating scale for depression. J Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 23:56-62, 1960.
PubMed
76) Zung WWK:A self-rating depression scale. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 12:63-70, 1965.
 
77) Hamilton M:The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br. J. Med. Psychol. 32:50-55 1956.
 
78) Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE:Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Consulting Psychologist. Press. Calif. 1983.
 
79) Watson M, Greer S, Bliss JM:Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale User's Manual 1989.
 
80) Endicott J, Spitzer R:A diagnostic interview:The schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 35:837-844 1978.
PubMed
81) Spitzer RL, Williames JBW, Gibbon M:Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders. New York, Authors 1986.
 
82) Goldhirsch A, Gelber R D, Simes R J, et al:Costs and benefits of adjuvant therapy in breast cancer A quality-adjusted survival analysis. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:36-44, 1989.
PubMed
83) 栗原 稔, 中村浩之, 松川正明・他:がん薬物療法におけるQOL調査票による評価-癌と化学療法21:379-387, 1994.
 
84) 古江 尚:進行癌患者のQuality of Lifeその評価の方法と問題点. 癌と化学療法14:10, 1987.
 
85) Frits van Dam (武田文和訳) :Quality of Lifeの測定法の論議. Pharma Medica 6:21-24, 1988.
 
86) Lerman C, Rimer B, Engstrom PF:Reducing avoidable cancer mortality through preventionand early detection regimens. Cancer Res:49:4955-4962, 1989.
 
87) Cella DF, Orav EJ, Kornblith AB, et al:Socioeconomic status and cancer survival. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:1500-1509, 1991.
PubMed
88) House JS, Landis KR, Umberson D:Social relationships and health. Science 241:540-545, 1988.
PubMed
89) Levy SM, Herberman RB, Whiteside T, et al:Perceived social support and tumor estrogen/progesteron receptor status as predictors of natural killer cell activity in breast cancer patients. Psychosom. Med. 52:73-85, 1990.
PubMed
90) Temoshok L, Heller BW, Sagebiel RW, et al:The relationship of psychosocial factors to prognostic indicators in cutaneous malignant melanoma. J. Psychosom. Res. 29:139-153, 1985.
PubMed
91) Greer S, Morris T, Pettingale KW, et al:Psychological response to breast cancer and 15-year outcome. Lancet i:49-51, 1990.
PubMed
92) Cassileth BR, Lusk EJ, Miller DS, et al:Psychosocial correlates of survival in advanced malignant disease? N. Engl. J. Med. 312:1551-1555, 1985.
PubMed
93) Hahn RC, Petitti DB:Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-rated depression and the incidence of breast cancer:Cancer 61:845-848, 1988.
PubMed
94) Zonderman AB, Costa PT Jr, McCrae RR:Depression as a risk for cancer morbidity and mortality in a nationally representative sample. JAMA 262:1191-1195, 1989.
 
95) Fawzy FI, Cousins N, Fawzy NW, et al:A structured psychiatric intervention for cancer patients I. Changes over time in methods of coping and affective disturbance:Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 47:720-725, 1990.
PubMed
96) Spiegel D, Bloom JR, Yalom I:Group support for patients with metastatic cancer:Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 38:527-533, 1981.
PubMed
97) Fawzy FI, Kemeny ME, Fawzy NW, et al:A structured psychiatric intervention for cancer patients II. Changes over time in immunological measures:Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 47:729-735, 1990.
PubMed
98) Giacquinta B:Helping families face the crisis of cancer. Am. J. Nursing 77:1585-1588, 1977.
 
99) 柏木哲夫:死と精神医学-ホスピスと精神科医. 臨精医24:167-171, 1995.
 
100) 土居健郎監修:燃えつき症候群-医師・看護婦・教師のメンタルヘルス-. 第1版, 金剛出版, 東京, 1988.
 
101) Yasko JM:Variables which predict burnout experienced by oncology clinical nurse specialists. Cancer Nurs. 5:109-116, 1983.
 
102) Rowland J H:Interpersonal Resources:Social Support. In (ed.) , JC. Holland and J. H. Rowland. Handbook of Psychooncology 1 st ed., Oxford University Press, New York, 1989, pp. 58-71. (河野博臣, 濃沼信夫, 神代尚芳 監訳:サイコオンコロジー(1) . 第1版, メディサイエンス社, 東京, 1993, pp. 54-66)
 
103) Siegel K, Christ G, Weinstein L:Concrete needs of cancer outpatients. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 6:254 (Abstract No. 998) , 1987.
 
104) Christ G, Moynihan R, Loscalzo M, et al:Providing Community Resources for Cancer Patients. In (ed.) , Vincent T. De Vita, Jr, Samuel Hellman and Steven A. Rosenberg. CANCER Principle & Practice of Oncology 4th ed. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1993, pp. 2513-2528.
 
105) Gussow Z, Tracy GS:The role of self-help clubs in Adaptation to chronic illness and disability. Soc. Sci. & Med. 10:407-14, 1976.
 
106) Katz AH:Self-Help Organizations and Volunteer Participation in Social Welfare. Soc. Work. 15:51-60, 1970.
 
107) Levy L H:Self-Help Groups:Types and Psychological Processes. J. Appl. Behav. Sci. 12:310-322, 1976.
 
108) Reissman F.:The "Helper" Therapy Principle. Soc. Work. 10:27-32, 1965.
 
109) Toseland R W, Hacker L:Self-help groups and profesional involvement. Soc. Work. 27:341-47, 1982.
 
110) 季羽倭文子:がん告知以後, 岩波新書, 東京, 1993, pp. 179-182.
 
111) 厚生省統計情報部:昭和62年度人口動態社会経済面調査, 1988.
 

54. がんの病理診断学

P.1375 掲載の参考文献
1) 向井 清:組織学的悪性度診断. 病理と臨床 7:844-847, 1991.
 
2) Aoki K, Okada S, Moriyama N, et al:Accuracy of computed tomography in determining pancreatic cancer tumor size. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 24:85-87, 1994.
PubMed
3) 向井 清:術中コンサルテーションのあり方と問題点. 病理と臨床 9:427-429, 1991
 
4) Gilchrist KW, Harrington DP, Wolf BC, et al:Statistical and empirical evaluation of histopathologic reviews for quality assurance in the eastern cooperative oncology group. Cancer 62:861-868, 1988.
PubMed
5) 菅野晴夫:がんの組織病理学. がんの科学. I. がんの生物学 (太田邦夫, 山本 正, 杉村 隆・他編) 南江堂, 東京, 1980, pp. 16-42.
 
6) Minna JD, Pass H, Glatstein E, et al:Cancer of the lung. In Cancer. Principles&Practice of Oncology. (edited by Devita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg A) 4th Ed, Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1989, pp. 591-705.
 
7) Takise A, Kodama T, Shimosato Y, et al:Histopathologic prognostic factors in adenocarcinoma of the peripheral lung less than 2 cm in diameter. Cancer 61:2083-2088, 1988.
PubMed
8) 向井 清:増殖細胞抗原. 病理と臨床8 (臨時増刊) :178-185, 1990.
 
9) Enzinger FM, Weiss SW:Soft Tissue Tumors. 3rd Ed. Mosby, St. Louis, 1995, pp. 1-16.
 
10) Myhre-Jensen O, Kaae S, Madsen EH, et al:Histopathological grading in soft tissue tumours. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol. (A) 91:145-150, 1983.
 
11) 下山正徳, 向井 清, 菊池昌弘・他:専門病理医による非ポジキンリンパ腫の病理診断とホルマリン固定標本によるTBマーカー免疫診断のー致率:LCPP (Lymphoma Clinico-pathology Panel) による共同研究. がんの臨床39:739-765, 1993.
 
12) Cotran RS, Kumar V, Robbins SL:Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. 4th Ed, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1989, pp. 239-305.
 
13) Seidman JD, Berman JJ:Premalignant nonepithelial lesions:A biological classification. Mod. Pathol. 6:544-554, 1993.
PubMed
14) 向井 清:腫瘍の病理診断に用いられる免疫組織化学マーカー. 癌と化学療法18:1383-1388, 1991.
 
15) 町並陸生:電子顕微鏡所見を病理組織診断にどう役立てるか. 病理と臨床10 (臨時増刊) :8-15, 1992
 
16) Mansour EG, Ravdin PM, Dressler L:Prognostic factors in early breast carcinoma. Cancer 74 (suppl.) :381-400, 1994.
 
17) 加藤治文, 小中千守, 平野 隆・他:CAS 200システムを用いた予後因子の検討. 病理と臨床12:853-857, 1994.
 
18) Bartels PH, Thompson D, Weber JE:Data analysis. In Image Analysis. A Primer for Pathologists (edited by Marchevsky AM and Bartels PH) , Raven Press, New York, 1994, pp. 207-233.
 
19) Asamura H, Nakajima T, Mukai K, et al:Degree of malignancy in thymic epithelial tumors in terms of nuclear DNA content and nuclear area. Am. J. Pathol. 133:615-622, 1988.
PubMed
20) 上井良夫:腫瘍細胞診. 最近の進歩. 病理と臨床7 (臨時増刊) :1989.
 

55. 転移性肺腫瘍

P.1385 掲載の参考文献
1) Carr DT, Holoye PY:Metastatic malignant tumors. Textbook of Respiratory Medicine (eds. by Murray JF, et al) . WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1988, pp. 1267.
 
2) Willis RA:Secondary tumors of the lung. In:The spread of tumours in the human body. Butterworths, London, 1973, pp. 167-174.
 
3) McLoud TC, Kalisher L, Stark P, et al:Intrathoracic lymph node metastasis from extrathoracic neoplasmas. Am. J. Roentgenol. 131:403-407, 1978.
 
4) Yang SP, Lin CC:Lymphangitic carcinomatosis of the lungs:The clinical significance of its roentgenologic classification. Chest 62:179-187, 1972.
PubMed
5) Willis RA:Metastasis by implantation on epithelial surfaces. In:The spread of tumours in the human body. Butterworths, London, 1973, pp. 61-69.
 
6) Putnam JB, Roth JA, Wesley MN, et al:Survival following aggressive resection of pulmonary metastases from osteogenic sarcoma:Analysis of prognostic factors. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 36:516-523, 1983.
PubMed
7) Putnam JB, Roth JA, Wesley MN, et al:Analysis of prognostic factors in patients undergoing resection of pulmonary metastasis from soft tissue sarcomas. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 87:260-268, 1984.
 
8) Mountain CF, McMurtrey MJ, Hermes KE:Surgery for pulmonary metastases:A 20-year experience. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 38:323-330, 1984.
 
9) Libshitz HI, North LB:Pulmonary metastases. Radiol. Clin. North. Am. 20:437-451, 1982.
PubMed
10) Zollikofer C, Castaneda-Zuniga W, Stenlund R, et al:Lung metastases from synovial sarcoma simulating granulomas. AJR 135:161-163, 1980.
PubMed
11) Panella J, Mintzer RA:Multiple calcified pulmonary nodules in an elderly man. JAMA 244:2559-2560, 1980.
 
12) Shepherd MP:Endobronchisl metastatic disease. Thorax 37:362-365, 1982.
PubMed
13) Pilotti S, Rilke F, Gribaudi G, et al:Transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy in pulmonary lesions, updated results. Acta Cytol. 28:225-232, 1984.
PubMed
14) Crosby JH, Hager B, Hoeg K:Transthoracic fine-needle aspiration. Cancer 56:2504-2507, 1985.
PubMed
15) Nordenstrom BEW:Technical aspects of obtaining cellular material from lesions deep in the lung. Acta Cytol. 28:233-242, 1984.
 
16) Lewis RJ, Caccavale RJ, Sisler GE:Special report:Video-endoscopic thoracic surgery. N. J. Med. 88:473-475, 1991.
PubMed
17) Thomford NR, Woolner LB, Clagett OT:The surgical treatment of metastatic tumors in the lung. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 49:357-363, 1965.
 
18) Dresdale A, Bonow RO, Wesley R, et al:Prospective evaluation of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy resulting from post-surgical adjuvant treatment of patients with soft tissue sarcomas. Cancer 52:51-60, 1983.
 
19) Gottindiener JS, Mathisen DJ, Borer JS, et al:Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity:Assessment of late left ventricular dysfunction by radionuclide cineangiography. Ann. Intern. Med. 94:430-435, 1981.
 
20) Vogt-Moykopf I, Bulzebruck H, Merkle NM, et al:Results of surgical treatment of pulmonary metastases. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 2:224-232, 1988.
PubMed
21) Jablons D, Steinberg SM, Roth J, et al:Metastasectomy for soft tissue sarcoma. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 97:695-705, 1989.
PubMed
22) Pastorini U, Valente M, Gasparini M, et al:Median sternotomy and multiple lung resections for metastatic sarcomas. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 4:477-481, 1990.
 
23) Lanza LA, Miser JS, Pass HI, et al:The role of resection in the treatment of pulmonary metastases from Ewing's sarcoma. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 94:181-187, 1987.
PubMed
24) Lanza LA, Natarajan G, Roth JA, et al:Long-term survival following resection of pulmonary metastases from carcinoma of the breast. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 54:244-247, 1992.
 
25) Venn GE, Sarin S, Goldstraw P:Survival following Pulmonary metastasectomy. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 3:105-110, 1989.
PubMed
26) McAfee MK, Allen MS, Trastek VF, et al:Colorectal lung metastases:Results of surgical excision. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 53:780-786, 1992.
PubMed
27) Pogrebniak HW, Haas G, Linehan WM, et al:Renal cell carcinoma:Resection of solitary and multiple metastases. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 54:33-38, 1992.
PubMed
28) Lanza LA, Putnam JBJr, Benjamin RS, et al:Response to chemotherapy does not predict survival after resection of sarcomatous pulmonary metastases. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 51:219-224, 1991.
 
29) Pogrebniak HW, Roth JA, Steinberg SM, et al:Reoperative pulmonary resection in patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 52:197-203, 1991.
PubMed
30) Casson AG, Putnam JB, Natarajan G, et al:Efficacy of pulmonary metastasectomy for recurrent soft tissue sarcoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 47:1-4, 1991.
PubMed
31) Marcove RC, Mike V, Hajek JV, et al:Osteogenic sarcoma under the age of 21:A review of 145 operative cases. J. Bone. Joint. Surg. 52:411-421, 1970.
 
32) Telander RL, Pairolero PC, Pritchard DJ:Resection of pulmonary metastatic osteogenic sarcoma in children. Surgery 84:335-341, 1978.
PubMed
33) Pastorini U, Valente M, Santoro A, et al:Results of salvage surgery for metastatic sarcomas. Ann. of Oncol. 1:269-273, 1990.
 
34) Gritsky AS, Etcubanas E, Mark JBD:Pulmonary resection in children with metastatic osteogenic sarcoma. J. Thorac. Surg. 75:354-362, 1986.
 
35) Burgers JMV, Breur K, Van Dobbenburgh OA, et al:Role of metastasectomy without chemotherapy in the management of osteosarcoma in children. Cancer 45:1664-1668, 1980.
 
36) Morrow CE, Vassilopoulos P, Grage TB:Surgical resection for metastatic neoplasms of the lung. Cancer 45:2981-2985, 1981.
 
37) Meyer WH, Schell MJ, Kumar AP, et al:Thoracotomy for pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma:An analysis of prognostic indicators of survival. Cancer 59:374-379, 1987.
PubMed
38) Roberts DG, Lepore V, Cardillo G, et al:Long-term follow-up of operative treatment for pulmonary metastases. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 3:292-296, 1989.
PubMed
39) DiLorenzo M, Collin PP:Pulmonary metastases in children:Results of surgical treatment. J. Pediatr. Surg. 23:762-765, 1988.
 
40) Eckersberger F, Moritz E, Wolner E:Results and prognostic factors after resection of pulmonary metastases. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 2:433-437, 1988.
PubMed
41) Martini N, McCormack PM, Bains MS, et al:Surgery for solitary and multiple pulmonary metastasis. NY State J. Med. 78:1711-1713, 1978.
 
42) Creagan ET, Fleming TR, Edmonson JH, et al:Pulmonary resection for metastatic nonosteogenic sarcoma. Cancer 44:1908-1912, 1979.
PubMed
43) Cerfolio RJ, Allen MS, Deschamps C, et al:Pulmonary resection of metastatic renal cellcarcinoma. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 57:339-344, 1994.
 
44) Mandelbaum I, Yaw PB, Einhorn LH, et al:The importance of one-stage median sternotomy and retroperitoneal node dissection in disseminated testicular cancer. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 36:524-528, 1983.
PubMed
45) McCormack PM, Attiyeh FF:Resection of pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer. Dis. Colon Rectum 22:553-556, 1979.
PubMed
46) Cahan WG, Castro EB, Hajdu SI:The significance of a solitary lung shadow in patients with colon carcinoma. Cancer 33:414-421, 1974.
PubMed
47) Goya T, Miyazawa N, Kondo H, et al:Surgical resection of pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer 10-year follow-up. Cancer 64:1418-1421, 1989.
PubMed
48) Wright JO, Brandt B, Ehrenhaft JL:Results of pulmonary resection for metastatic lesions. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 83:94-99, 1982.
PubMed
49) McCormack PM, Martini N:The changing role of surgery for pulmonary metastases. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 41:833-840, 1979.
 
50) McDonald ML, Deschamps C, Ilstrup DM, et al:Pulmonary resection for metastatic breast cancer:Ann. Thorac. Surg. 58:1599-1602, 1994.
PubMed

56. 転移性骨腫瘍

P.1396 掲載の参考文献
1) 日本整形外科学会骨軟部腫瘍委員会:全国骨腫瘍患者登録一覧表 (平成5年度) . 国立がんセンター, 1995.
 
2) Harrington KD:Orthopaedic Management of Metastatic Bone Disease, C. V. Mosby Campany, St. louis, Washington, D. C. Toronto, 1988.
 
3) 福間久俊, 館崎新一郎:骨腫瘍の鑑別診断. 整形外科診断学. (辻 陽雄, 高橋栄明編) . 第2版, 金原出版, 東京, 1988, pp. 631-650.
 
4) Ratanatharathorn V, Powers WE, Steverson N, et al:Bone metastasis from cervical cancer. Cancer 73 (9) :2372-2379, 1994.
PubMed
5) 園尾博司, 下妻晃二郎, 紅林淳一・他:乳癌骨転移の治療. 疼痛対策とQOL. 癌と化学療法22 Suppl. I:10-15, 1995.
 
6) 芝 英一, 小林哲郎, 武田 力・他:タモキシフェンが奏効した多臓器転移を伴った進行乳癌の1 症例. 癌と化学療法19 (13) :2255-2258, 1992.
 
7) 西岡明人, 小川恭弘, 濱田典彦・他:乳房温存療法施行後にMRIにて確認された骨転移に対してUFTが奏効した乳癌の1例. 癌と化学療法 19 (13) :2251-2254, 1992.
Medical*Online
8) Kubota Y, Nakada T, Imai K, et al:Chemo-endocrine therapy in patients with stage D-2 prostate cancer. Prostate 26 (1) :50-54, 1995.
 
9) Sasaki H, Minami Y, Kanetake H, et al:Chemo-endocrine therapy for prostate cancer with bone metastasis. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 35 (suppl) :S23-26, 1994.
 
10) 藤田公生, 松島 常, 仲野正博・他:前立腺癌に対するIfosfamideを併用した内分泌化学療法. 癌と化学療法21 (2) :227-230, 1994.
 
11) 原田洋子, 有馬純考, 二見喜太郎・他:Tegafur-CDDP併用療法が奏効した肝・骨転移を伴う上行結腸癌の1例. 癌と化学療法22 (1) :123-127, 1995.
 
12) 小林健彦, 佐々木常雄, 井深田鶴子・他:全身骨転移, 骨髄癌症を認め, DICを来した胃癌に対するメソトレキセート・5-FU Sequential療法. 癌と化学療法19 (1) :69-74, 1992.
 
13) 田中重人, 森川洋二:Cisplatin-Etoposide併用療法にて完全寛解を得た進行性膀胱療の1例. 癌と化学療法18 (6) :1039-1041, 1991.
 
14) 山脇慎也, 小林昌幸, 井須和男・他:がんの骨転移の治療. Mebio 4 (1) :11-17, 1987.
 
15) 本田加代子, 清水千世:在宅ホスピスケアでの長期にわたる鎮痛療法について. 癌と化学療法21 Suppl IV:489-492, 1994.
 
16) Brescia FJ, Portenoy RK, Ryan M, et al:Pain, opioid use, and survival inspacehospitalized patients with advanced cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10 (1) :149-55, 1992.
 
17) 佐々木和朗, 笠井祐子:硬膜外ブロック使用による経口モルヒネ鎮痛法とQOLダイヤグラムによる評価. 在宅癌治療2:45-51, 1991.
 
18) 笠井祐子, 佐々木和朗:癌疼痛治療とQOLダイヤグラムによる評価法. 癌治療と宿主 4(1) :86-93, 1992.
 
19) 笠井祐子:癌患者のQuality of life (QOL) の新しい評価法. 北海道医誌69 (2) , 282-292, 1994.
 
20) Shimizu K, Shikata T, Iida T, et al:Posterior decompression and stabilization for multiple metastatic tumors of spine. Spine 17:1400-1404, 1992.
 
21) 志水克時:転移性腫瘍. 整形外科手術(9) . (富田勝郎編) . 中山書店, 東京, 1995, pp. 178-182.
 

57. がん看護

P.1409 掲載の参考文献
1) がん集学的治療研究財団「がん診療におけるインフォームド・コンセント」蟹書房, 1991.
 
2) 国立がんセンター病院看護部編「がん看護基準I病棟看護」医学書院, 1990,
 
3) 国立がんセンター中央病院看護部編「図説がん看護マニュアル」メジカルビュー社, 1994.
 
4) 榊原 宣, 山西文子監修「がん看護ケアマニュアル」臨床看護6, VOL17, へるす出版, 1991.
 
5) 末舛恵-総監修「これだけは知っておきたいがん最新情報」NHK出版, 1993.
 
6) 日野原重明総監修「がん看護マニュアル」学習研究社, 1988.
 
7) 渡辺孝子, 山西文子, 小野寺綾子, 飯塚京子編「がん治療の副作用対策と看護ケアー化学療法を中心に-」先端医学社, 1994.
 

58. 新しいがん治療法

P.1426 掲載の参考文献
1) 漆崎一朗, 塚越 茂:癌とBRM, サイエンスフォーラム, 東京, 1982.
 
2) 曽根三郎, 小倉 剛:臨床免疫, 第XV腫瘍免疫:担癌生体の免疫能. 日本臨牀 (増刊号) , 1990, pp 137-143.
 
3) Pisani RJ:Bronchogenic carcinoma:immunologic aspects. Mayo Clin. Proc. 68:386-392, 1993.
PubMed
4) Oldham RK:Biological response modifiers. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 70:789-796, 1983.
PubMed
5) Foon KA:Biological response modifiers:a new immunotherapy. Cancer Res. 49:1621-1639, 1989.
PubMed
6) Stone NN, Droller MJ:Role of immunotherapy in the treatment of bladder and renal cellcarcinoma. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 7:239-243, 1991.
 
7) Herberman RB:Design of clinical trials with biological response modifiers. Cancer Treat. Rep. 69:1161-1164, 1985.
PubMed
8) Talmadge JE, Herberman RB:The preclinical screening laboratory:evaluation of immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties of biological response modifiers. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:171-181, 1986.
PubMed
9) Arai K, Lee F, Miyajima A, et al:Cytokines:coordinators of immune and inflammatory responses. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 59:783-836, 1990.
PubMed
10) Berke G:The binding and lysis of target cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes:molecular and cellular aspects. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 12:735-773, 1994.
PubMed
11) Azuma M, Cayabyab M, Buck D, et al:CD 28 interaction with B7 costimulates primary allogenic proliferative responses and cytotoxicity mediated by small resting T lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 175:353-360, 1992.
 
12) Masuno T, Ikeda T, Yokota S. et al:Immunoregulatory T-lymphocyte functions in patients with small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res. 46:4195-4199, 1986.
PubMed
13) Kuda T, Yasumoto K, Yano T, et al:Role of antitumor activity of alveolar macrophages in lung cancer patients. Cancer Res. 47:2199-2202, 1987.
PubMed
14) Sone S, Yanagawa H, Nii A, et al:Induction of interleukin-2 activated killer effector activity and its regulatory mechanism. Gann Monograph on Cancer Research 40:81-93, 1993
 
15) Sone S:Role of alveolar macrophages in pulmonary neoplasias. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 823:227-245, 1986.
PubMed
16) Old LJ:Tumor necrosis factor, in Bonavida B, Granger G (eds) Tumor Necrosis Factor:Structure, Mechanism of Action, Role in Disease and Therapy. Basel, Karger, 1990, pp, 1-30.
 
17) Grimm EA:Crump W III, Durett A, et al:Transforming growth factor (TGF-β) inhibits the in vitro induction of lymphokine-activated killing activity. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 27:53-58, 1988.
 
18) Itoh K, Tilden AB, Balch CM:Role of interleukin-2 and a serum suppressive factor on the induction of activated killer cell cytotoxicity for human melanoma cells. Cancer Res. 45:3173-3178, 1985.
 
19) Sone S, Yanagawa H, Nii A, et al:Induction of interleukin 2-activated effector activity and its regulatory mechanisms. Ogura T, Takaku F (eds) Regulation of Human Cancer by Cytokines. 40:81-93, 1993.
 
20) Chan SH, Kobayash M, Santoli D, et al:Mechanism of interferonγ production by natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF/IL-12) . Role of transcription and mRNA stability in the synergistic interaction between NKSF and IL-2. J. Immunol. 148:92-98, 1992.
 
21) Yamamura Y, Ogura T, Sakatani M, et al:Randomized controlled study of adjuvant immunotherapy with Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton for inoperable lung cancer. Cancer Res. 43:5575-5579, 1983.
PubMed
22) 桝野富弥, 岸本 進, 小倉 剛・他:肺癌の癌性胸膜炎に対するLC 9018の治療効果-多施設によるphase III randomized controlled study. Biotherapy, 1990.
 
23) 星野 孝:OK-432の臨床効果と作用機序. カレントテラピー8:358-366, 1990.
 
24) 赤座英之, 岩崎明郎:BCGと膀胱癌-その後の展開. Biotherapy 9:737-745, 1995
 
25) Herr HW:Instillation therapy for bladder cancer. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 705-711.
 
26) Parkinson DR:Levamisole. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 795-801.
 
27) Schlom J:Monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy:basic principles. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , JB Lippincott, 1995, pp. 507-521.
 
28) Houghton AN, Chapman PB:Clinical applications of monoclonal antibodies in cancer. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 576-590.
 
29) Irie RF, Morton DL:Regression of cutaneous metastatic melanoma by intralesional injection with human monoclonal antibody to ganglioside GD 2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:8694-8698, 1986.
 
30) Oldham RK, Foon KA, Morgan AC, et al:Monoclonal antibody therapy of malignant melanoma:in vivo localization in cutaneous metastasis after intravenous administration. J. Clin. Oncol. 2:1235-1244, 1984.
PubMed
31) Vadham-Raj S, Cordon C, Carswell EA, et al:Phase I trial of a mouse monoclonal antibody against GD3 ganglioside in patients with melanoma:induction of inflammatory responses at tumor sites. J. Clin. Oncol. 6:1636-1648, 1988.
 
32) Cheung NV, Lazarus H, Miraldi FD, et al:Ganglioside GD2 specific monoclonal antibody 3F8:A phase I study in patients with neuroblastoma and malignant melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 5:1430-1440, 1987.
 
33) Caufield J, Barna B, Murthy S, et al:Phase-Ia-Ib trial of an anti-GD3 monoclonal antibody in combination with interferon-α in patients with malignant melanoma. J. Biol. Resp. Modif. 9:319-328, 1990.
 
34) Alexander HR, Pass HI:Biologic therapy with TNF:systemic administration and isolation-perfusion. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 329-345.
 
35) Larson SM, Sgouros G, Cheung NV:Monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy:Radioisotope conjugates. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 534-552.
 
36) Pai LH, Pastan I:Monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy:Immunotoxins and recombinant toxins. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 521-533,
 
37) Markman M, Reichman B, Ianotti N, et al:Phase I trial of recombinant tumor necrosis factor administered by the intraperitoneal route. Reg. Cancer Treat. 2:174-177, 1989.
 
38) Raith U, kaufmann M, Schmid H, et al:Effect of intraperitoneal recombinant human tumour necrosis factor alpha on malignant ascites. Eur. J. Cancer 27:121-125, 1991.
 
39) Hardy J, Jones A, Gore ME, et al:Treatment of advanced ovarian cancer with intraperitoneal tumour necrosis factor. Eur. J. Cancer 26:771, 1990.
PubMed
40) Serretta V, Corselli G, Piazza B, et al:Intravesical therapy of superficial bladder transitional cell carcinoma with tumor necrosis factor-alpha:preliminary report of a phase I-II study. Eur. Urol. 22:112-114, 1992.
PubMed
41) 早川正道:腎細胞癌に対する免疫療法の現状と今後の課題. 日本医事新報3499:13-18, 1991.
 
42) Savage PD, Muss HB:Biologic therapy with interferon-α and β:Renal cell cancer, In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 373-387.
 
43) Minasian LM, Motzer RJ, Gluck L, et al:Interferon alfa-2a in advanced renal cell carcinoma:treatment results and survival in 159 patients with long-term follow-up. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:1368-1375, 1993.
PubMed
44) Neidhart JA, Anderson Sa, Harris JE, et al:Vinblastine fails to improve response of renal cancer to interferon alfa-n1:high response rate in patients with pulmonary metastases. J. Clin. Oncol. 9:832-837, 1991.
PubMed
45) Lotze MT, Chang AE, Seipp CA, et al:High-dose recombinant interleukin-2 in the treatment of patients with disseminated cancer. Responses, treatment morbidity, and histological findings. JAMA 256:3117-3124, 1986.
PubMed
46) Rosenberg SA, Yang JC, Topalian SL, et al:The treatment of 283 consecutive patients with metastatic melanoma or renal cell cancer using high-dose interleukin-2. JAMA 271:907-913, 1994.
PubMed
47) Yang JC, Topalian SL, Parkinson D, et al:A randomized comparison of high-dose and low-dose intravenous interleukin-2 for the therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma-an interin report. J. Clin. Oncol. 12:1572-1576, 1994.
 
48) Marincola FM, Rosenberg SA:Biologic therapy with interleukin-2:clinical application, melanoma. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 250-262.
 
49) Weiss GR, Margolin KA, Aronson FR, et al:A randomized phase II trial of continuous infusion interleukin-2 or bolus injection interleukin-2 plus lymphokine-activated killer cells for advanced renal cell cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:275-281, 1992.
PubMed
50) Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT, Yang JC, et al:Combination therapy with interleukin-2 and alfa interferon for the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 7:1863-1874, 1989.
 
51) Ilson DH, Motzer RJ, Kradin RL, et al:A phase-II trial of interleukin-2 and interferon alfa-2a in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1124-1130, 1992.
PubMed
52) Lipton A, Harvery H, Gibant E, et al:Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-2a outpatient therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J. Immunother. 13:122-129, 1993
 
53) Yasumoto K, Ogura T:Intrapleural application of recombinant interleukin-2 in patients with malignant pleurisy due to lung cancer:a multi-institutional cooperative study. Biothererapy 3:345-349, 1991.
PubMed
54) Tepper RI, Pattengale PK, Leder P:Murine interleukin-4 displays potent antitumor activity in vivo. Cell 57:503-512, 1989.
PubMed
55) Atkins MB, Vachio G, Tilg HJ, et al:Phase I evaluation of thrice-daily intravenous bolus interleukin-4 in patients with refractory malignancy. J. Clin. Oncol. 10:1802-1809, 1992.
 
56) Margolin K, Aronson FR, Sznol M, et al:Phase II studies of recombinant human IL-4 in advanced renal cancer and malignant melanoma. J Immunother. 15:147-153, 1994.
 
57) Kobayashi M, Fitz L, Ryan M, et al:Identification and purification of natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF) , a cytokine with multiple biologic effects on human lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 70:827-845, 1989.
PubMed
58) Kerbel RS, Hawley RG:Interleukin 12:newest member of the antiangiogenesis club. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87:557-586, 1995.
PubMed
59) Atkins MB, Trehu EG, Mier JW:Combination cytokine therapy. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 443-466.
 
60) Rosenberg SA, et al:A progress report on the treatment of 157 patients with advanced cancer using lymphokine-activated killer cells and interleukin-2 or high-dose interleukin-2 alone. N. Engl. J. Med. 316:889-897, 1987.
PubMed
61) Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT, Aebersold PM, et al:Prospective randomized trial of high dose interleukin-2 alone or with lymphokine activated killer cells for the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85:622-632, 1993.
 
62) Shimizu K, Okamoto Y, Miyao Y, et al:Adoptive immunotherapy of human meningeal gliomatosis and carcinomatosis with LAK cells and recombinant interleukin-2. J. Neurosurg. 66:519-521, 1987.
PubMed
63) Keilholz U, Scheibenbogen C, Brado M, et al:Regional adoptive immunotherapy with interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells for liver metastasis. Eur. J. Cancer 30A:103-105, 1994.
 
64) Rosenberg SA, Spiess P, Lafreniere R:A new approach to the adoptive immunotherapy of cancer with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Science 223:1318-1321, 1986
 
65) Rosenberg SA, Yannelli J, Yang JC, et al:Treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma using autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. in press. 1995.
 
66) Gerner FR, Moore GE:Feasibility study of immunotherapy in patients with solid tumors. Cancer 38:131-143, 1976
 
67) Laucius JF, Bodurtha AJ, Mastrangelo MJ, et al:A phase II study of autologous irradiated tumor cells plus BCG in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. Cancer 40:2091-2093, 1977.
 
68) Hoover HC Jr, Brandhorst JS, Peters LC, et al:Adjuvant active specific immunotherapy for human colorectal cancer:6. 5 year median follow up of a phase III prospectively randomized trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 11:390-399, 1993.
 
69) Dranof G, Jaffee E, Lazenby A. et al:Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine GM-CSF stimulates potent, specific and long lasting anti-tumor immunity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:3539-3543, 1993.
 
70) Jaffee EM, Hurwitz H, Pardoll DM:Gene therapy of cancer:gene modification of tumors. In Biological Therapy of Cancer (edited by DeVita VT, Hellman S and Rosenberg SA) , JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 4774-783.
 
71) 川上正辞, 早田邦康:癌悪液質とサイトカイン-TNFと代謝. Biotherapy 6:1230-1237, 1992.
 
72) 漆崎一朗:サイトカインの神経, 内分泌, 免疫相関. Biotherapy 6:1178-1187, 1992.
 
P.1441 掲載の参考文献
1) Sweet WH, Javid M:The possible use of neutron-capturing isotopes such as boron-10 in the treatment of neoplasms. I. Intracranial tumor. J. Neurosurg. 9:200-209, 1952.
PubMed
2) Hatanaka H, Nakagawa Y:Clinical results of long-surviving brain tumor patients who underwent boron neutron capture therapy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 28:1061-1066, 1994.
PubMed
3) Stone RS, Lawrence JH, Aebersold PC:A preliminary report on the use of fast neutrons in the treatment of malignant disease. Radiology 35:322-327, 1940
 
4) Gray LH, Conger D, Ebert M, et al:the concentration of oxygen dissolved in tissues at the time of irradiation as a factor in radiotherapy. Brit. J. Radiol. 26:638-648, 1953.
 
5) Catterall M:A report on three years' fast neutron therapy from the medical research council's cyclotron at Hammersmith Hospital, London. Cancer 34:91-95, 1974.
 
6) Laramore GE, Krall JM, Griffin TW, et al:Neutron versus photon irradiation for unresectable salivary gland tumors:final report of an RTOG-MRC randomized clinical trial. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 27:235-240, 1993.
PubMed
7) National Cancer Institute (NCI) :Fast neutron radiation therapy in the United States:a twenty-year NCI sponsored research program (NTCWG annual report, 1991) , National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, 1991.
 
8) Schmitt G, Wambersie A:Review of the clinical results of fast neutron therapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology 17:47-56, 1990.
PubMed
9) Max L, Boone M, Lawrence JH, et al:Introduction to the use of protons and heavy ions in radiation therapy:Historical perspective. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 3:65-69, 1977.
 
10) 辻井博彦:陽子線治療の進歩と展望. 日放腫会誌6:63-76, 1994.
 
11) Tsujii H, Tsuji H, Inada T, et al:Clinical results of fractionated proton therapy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 25:49-60, 1992.
 
12) Slater JM, Daniel MD, Miller W, et al:Development of a hospital-based proton beam treatment cencter. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 14:761-775, 1988.
 
13) Slater JD, Slater JM, Schulte RW:Proton beam therapy at Loma Linda University Medical Center:clinical experience of the first four years. Proceed. of 5th International Meeting on Progress in Radio-Oncology (edit. H. D. Kogelnik) Salzburg, 1995. pp. 673-679.
 
14) von Essen CF:Long-term results of pion therapy at Los Alamos. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 13:1389-1398, 1987.
PubMed
15) Goodman GB:Clinical evaluation of pi-meson radiotherapy at TRIUMF. Proc. of 8th ICCR. (Edit) Fielden, E. M. et al. London, Tayler & Francis. 928-933, 1987.
 
16) Castro JR:future research strategy for heavy ion radiotherapy. Proceed. of 5th International Meeting on Progress in Radio-Oncology (edit. H. D. Kogelnik) Salzburg, 1995. pp. 673-679.
 
17) Kawachi K, Kanai T, Endo M, et al:Radiation oncological facilities of the HIMAC. J. Jap. Soc. Ther. Radiat. Oncol. 1:19-29, 1989.
 
18) Kawachi K, Kanai T, Ando K, et al:Medically dedicated heavy ion facility at chiba. Procced. US-Japan Rad. Oncol. Meeting (San Francisco) 1995.
 
P.1456 掲載の参考文献
1) Raab O:Uer die Wirkung fluoreszierender Stoffe auf Infusoria. Z. Biol. 39:524-526, 1900.
 
2) Tappenier HV, Jesionek A:Therapeutische versuche mit fluoreszierenden stoffe. Muench. Med. Wochenschr. 47:2042-2044, 1903.
 
3) Auler H, Banzer G:Untersuchungen Uber die Rolle der Porphyrine bei geschwulstkranke Menschen und Tieren. Z. Krebsforsch. 53:65-68, 1942.
 
4) Figge FHJ, Weiland GS, Manganiello LOJ:Cancer detection and therapy:affinity of neoplastic, embryonic and traumatized tissues for porphyrins and metalloporphyrins. Roy. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 68:640-641, 1948.
 
5) Rassmussen-Taxdal DS, Ward GE, Figge FHJ:Fluorescence of human lymphatic and cancer tissues following high doses of intravenous hematoporphyrin. Cancer 8:78-81, 1955.
 
6) Lipson RL, Blades EJ, Olsen AM:The use of hematoporphyrin in tumour destruction. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 26:1-11, 1961.
 
7) Diamond I, Granelli SG, McDonagh AF et al:Photodynamic therapy of malignant tumors. Lancet 2:1175-1177, 1972.
PubMed
8) Dougherty TJ:Activated dyes as anti-tumor agents. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 51:1333-1336, 1974.
 
9) Lipson RL, Gray MJ, Baldes EJ:Hematoporphyrin derivative for detection and management of cancer. Ninth. Internat. Cancer Congr, Abstract, Tokyo, 1966, p. 393.
 
10) Kelly JF, Snell ME:Hematoporphyrin derivative:a possible aid in the diagnosis and therapy of carcinoma of the bladder. J. Urol. 155:150-151, 1976.
 
11) 早田義博, 加藤治文, 会田征彦・他:ヘマトポルフィリン誘導体及びアルゴン色素レーザー光線照射によるイヌ中心型肺癌での治療実験. 医学の歩み 116(4) :203-205, 1981.
 
12) Dougherty TJ, Lawrence G, Kaufman JH, et al:Photoradiation in the treatment of recurrent breast carcinoma. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 62:231-237, 1979.
PubMed
13) 加藤治文, 松島 康, 小野寿太郎・他:肺癌におけるレーザー光線の臨床応用. 臨床外科 Year Book 1981-1982:175-179, 1981.
 
14) Dougherty TJ, Cooper MT, Mang TS:Cutaneous phototoxic occurrence in patients receiving photofrin. Lasers Surg. Med. 4:13-30, 1984.
 
15) Kessel D, Cheng M:On the preparation and properties of dihematoporphyrin ether, the tumor localizing component of HpD. Photochem. Photobiol. 41:277-282, 1985.
PubMed
16) Gomer CJ:Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignancies. Semin. Hematol. 26:27-34, 1989.
PubMed
17) Fuller TA:Fundamentals of lasers in surgery and medicine in Surgical Application of Lasers. (ed. by Dixon JA) , Yearbook, Chicago, 1983, pp. 11-28.
 
18) Hirano T, Ishizuka M, Suzuki K, et al:Photodynamic cancer diagnosis and treatment system consisting of pulse lasers and an endoscopic spectro-image analyzer. Lasers Life Sci. 3:99-116, 1989.
 
19) Okunaka T, Kato H, Konaka C, et al:A comparison between argon-dye and excimer-dye laser for photodynamic effect in transplanted mouse tumor. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 83:226-231, 1992.
PubMed
20) Kessel D:Chemical and biochemical determinants of porphyrin localization, in Porphyrin Localization and Treatment of Tumors (ed. by Doiron DR and Gomer CJ) , Liss, New York, 1984, pp. 405-418.
 
21) Bugelski PJ, Poter CW, Dougherty TJ, et al:Autoradiographic distribution of hematoporphyrin derivative in normal and tumor tissue of the mouse. Cancer Res. 41:4606-4612, 1981.
 
22) Moan J:The photochemical yield of singlet oxygen from porphyrin in different states of aggregation. Photochem. Photobiol. 39:445-449, 1984.
 
23) Gibson SL, Hilf R:Photosensitization of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase by hematoporphyrin derivative. Cancer Res. 43:1994-1999, 1983.
 
24) Kato H, Aizawa K, Shinohara H, et al:Cytomorphological changes caused by hematoporphyrin derivative and photodynamic therapy. Lasers Life Sci. 1(1) :13-27, 1986.
 
25) Zhou C:Mechanisms of tumor necrosis induced by photodynamic therapy. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B:Biology 3:299-318, 1989.
 
26) Hilf R, Warne NW, Smail DB, et al:Photodynamic inactivation of selected intracellular enzymes by hematoporphyrin derivative and their relationship to tumor cell viability in vitro. Cancer Lett. 24:165-172, 1984.
PubMed
27) Weishaupt KR, Gomer CJ, Dougherty TJ:Identification of singlet oxygen as the cytotoxic agent in photoactivation of a murine tumor. Cancer Res. 36:2326-2329, 1976.
 
28) Manyak MJ, Russo A, Smith PD, et al:Photodynamic therapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 6(2) :380-391, 1988.
PubMed
29) Kato H, Konaka C, Kinoshita K, et al:Laser endoscopy with photodynamic therapy in the respiratory tract. Gann Monograph on Cancer Res. 37:139-151, 1990.
 
30) Edell ES, Cortese DA:Bronchoscopic localization and treatment of occult lung cancer. Chest 96:919-924, 1989.
PubMed
31) Hugh-Jones P, Gardner WN:Laser photodynamic therapy for inoperable bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma. Q. J. Med. 64:565-581, 1987.
PubMed
32) Marcus SL, Dugan, M:Global status of clinical photodynamic therapy:the registration process for a new therapy. Lasers Surg. Med. 12:318-324, 1992.
PubMed
33) Kato H, Okunaka T:Minimally invasive Techniques in Thracic Medicine and Surgery. (ed. by Martin R. Hetzel) , Chapman & Hall, London, 1995, pp. 149-171.
 
34) Hara N, Ohta M, Tanaka K, et al:Assessment of the role of surgery for stage II bronchogenic carcinoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 25:153-158, 1984
 
35) Mountain CF:The biologic operability of stage III non-small cell lung cancer. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 40:60-64, 1985.
PubMed
36) 加藤治文, 斉藤 誠, 日吉利光:非小細胞性肺癌の外科療法の進歩. Medical Practice 11 (5) :909-911, 1994.
 
37) McCaughan JS, Williams TE, Bethel BH:Photodynamic therapy of endobronchial tumors. Lasers Surg. Med. 6:336-345, 1986.
PubMed
38) Balchum OJ, Doiron DR:Photoradiation therapy of endobronchial lung cancer:large obstructing tumors, nonobstructing tumors, and early-stage bronchial cancer lesions. Clin. Chest Med. 6:255-275, 1985.
PubMed
39) McCaughan JS, Hawley PC, Betherl BH, et al:Photodynamic therapy of endobronchial malignancies. Cancer 62:691-701, 1988.
 
40) Kato H, Horai T, Furuse K, et al:Photodynamic therapy for cancers;A clinical trial of porfimer sodium in Japan. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 84:1209-1214, 1993.
PubMed
41) Hayata Y, Kato H, Konaka C, et al:Photodynamic therapy in early stage lung cancer. Lung Cancer 9:287-294, 1993.
 
42) Nagatomo N, Saito Y, Ohata S, et al:Relationship of lymph node metastasis to primary tumor size and microscopic appearance of roentgenographically occult lung cancer. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 13:1009-1013, 1989.
 
43) Neyazaki T, Ikeda M, Seki Y, et al:Bronchial artery infusion therapy for lung cancer. Cancer 24:912-922, 1969.
PubMed
44) Scherman DM, Weichselbaum RR:The use of preoperative radiation therapy in the treatment of lung carcinoma. Cancer Treat. Res.:1:63-73, 1981.
 
45) Boucot KR, Weiss W, Cooper DA:Second pulmonary neoplasms among long-term survivors of lung cancer. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 92:767-770, 1965.
PubMed
46) Shields TW:Multiple primary bronchial carcinomas. Ann. Thornc. Cardiovasc. Surg. 27:1-2, 1974.
 
47) 平野 隆, 池田徳彦, 加藤治文・他:原発性多発肺癌の臨床検討. 肺癌33(6) :887-895, 1993.
 
48) Martini N, Melamed M R:Multiple lung cancer. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 70:606-612, 1975.
PubMed
49) Spikes JD, Bommer JC, et al:Photobleaching of momo-L-asparartyl chlorine 6 (NPe 6) a candidate sensitizer for the photodynamic therapy of tumors. Photochem. Photobiol. 58:346-350, 1993.
 
50) Bonnett R, Berenbaum M:Porphyrins as photosensitizers. Chiba Found. Symp. 146:40-50, 1989.
 
51) Ben HE, Rosenthal I:Photohemolysis of human erythrocytes induced by aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate. Cancer Lett. 30(3) :321-327, 1986.
 
52) Richter AM, Waterfield E, Jain AK, et al:Photosensitising potency of structural analogues of benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) in a mouse tumour model. Br. J. Cancer 63(1) :87-93, 1991.
 
53) Kawabe K, Tamachi Y, Aizawa K, et al:Photodynamic effects of quaternary ammonium salt derivatives of protoporphyrin derivatives on normal and tumor-bearing mice. Lasers in the Life Sciences 4:115-123, 1991.
 
54) Bellnier DA, Henderson BW, et al:Murine pharmacokinetics and antitumor efficacy of the photodynamic sensitizer 2-[1-hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinyl pyropheophorbidea. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol. 20:55-61, 1993.
 
55) Frazier DL, Barnhill MA, Vodinh T, et al:Comparative pharmacokinetics of the photosensitizer tin etiopurpurin in dogs and rats. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. 5(3) :275-281, 1992.
PubMed
56) Katsumi T, Aizawa K, Okunaka T, et al:Photodynamic therapy using a diode laser with Mono-L-aspartyl chlorine 6 for Implanted Fibrosarcoma in Mice. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 85:1165-1170, 1994.
PubMed
P.1467 掲載の参考文献
1) Beck C:On external roentgen treatment of internal structures (eventration treatment) . N. Y. Med. J. 89:621-622, 1990.
 
2) Abe M, Takahashi M:Intraoperative Radiotherapy:The Japanese experience. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 7:863-868, 1981.
 
3) 高橋正治, 芝本雄太, 阿部光幸:術中照射. がん放射線治療マニュアル (柄川 順編) . 中外医学社, 東京, 1989, pp. 386-399.
 
4) 坂本澄彦:術中照射の放射線生物学的考察. 最新医学41:1468-1472, 1986.
 
5) Abe M, Takahashi M, Yabumoto E, et al:Clinical experiences with intraoperative radiotherapy of locally advanced cancers. Cancer 45:40-48, 1980.
PubMed
6) Shipley WU, Kaufman SD, Prout GR:Intraoperative radiation therapy in patients with bladder cancer. A review of techniques allowing improved tumor doses and providing high cure rates without loss of bladder function. Cancer 60:1485-1488, 1987.
PubMed
7) Abe M, Takahashi M, Yabumoto E, et al:Techniques, indications and results of intraoperative radiotherapy of advanced cancers. Radiology 116:693-702, 1975.
PubMed
8) 秦 一雄, 三好真琴, 上原 智・他:従来の放射線機器を用いた新しい放射線療法. 術中照射癌と化学療法14:1564-1569, 1987.
 
9) 尾崎秀雄, 木下 平, 小菅智男・他:切除可能膵癌における集学的治療の成績代謝27:339-344, 1990.
 
10) Hiraoka T, Uchino R, Kanemitsu K, et al:Combination of intraoperative radiation with resection of cancer of the pancreas. International Journal of Pancreatology 7:201-207, 1990.
PubMed
11) Sindelar WF:Intraoperative radiotherapy in carcinoma of the stomach and pancreas. Recent Results in Cancer Research 110:226-243, 1988.
PubMed
12) 田中良明, 松田忠義, 竹下祥敬・他:膵癌の術中照射治療成績-術後原体照射を組み合わせた治療法の検討-. J. Jpn. Soc. Cancer Ther. 22:573-581, 1987.
 
13) 若杉英之, 瀬尾洋介, 秦 一雄・他:切除不能膵癌の放射線療法. 胆と膵11:933-939, 1990.
 
14) 秦 一雄, 和田 進, 宮崎麻知子・他:膵癌-非切除進行癌に対する治療術中照射. 肝胆膵25:795-799, 1992.
 
15) Kawamura M, Kataoka M, Fujii T, et al:Electron beam intraoperative radiation therapy (EBIORT) for localized pancreatic carcinoma. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 23:751-757, 1992.
 
16) Roldan GE, Gunderson LL, Nagorney DM, et al:External beam versus intraoperative and external beam irradiation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Cancer 61:1110-1116, 1988.
PubMed
17) 河村 正, 片岡正明, 高嶋成光・他:日本医放会誌51:1442-1453, 1991.
 
18) 竜 崇正, 小西 大, 古瀬純司・他:膵胆道がんに対する集学的治療. 臨床医21:64-68, 1995.
 
19) Shipley WU, Wood WC, Tepper JE, et al:Intraoperative electron beam irradiation for patients with unresectable pancreatic carcinoma. Ann. Surg. 200:289-296, 1984.
PubMed
20) Buskirk SJ, Gunderson LL, Adson MA, et al:Analysis of failure following curative irradiation of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 10:2013-2023, 1984.
 
21) Molt P, Hopfan S, Watson RC, et al:Intraluminal radiation therapy in the management of malignant biliary obstruction. Cancer 57:536-544, 1986.
PubMed
22) 竜 崇正, 佐藤滋宏, 渡辺一男・他:進行胆道癌に対するRemote After Loading System (RALS) を用いた胆管腔内照射法の検討. 胆道2:127-137, 1988.
 
23) Houry S, Schlienger M, Huguier M, et al:Gallbladder carcinoma:role of radiation therapy. Br. J. Surg. 76:448-450, 1989.
PubMed
24) Flicknger JC, Epstein AH, Iwatsuki S, et al:Radiation therapy for primary carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary system. An Analysis of 63 Cases. Cancer 68:289-294, 1991.
 
25) Iwasaki Y, Todoroki T, Fukao K, et al:The role of intraoperative radiation therapy in the treatment of bile duct cancer. World J. Surg. 12:91-98, 1988.
PubMed
26) 轟 健, 川本 徹, 小池直人:胆道癌-切除例に対する治療. 放射線療法. 術中照射. 肝胆膵25:763-773, 1992.
 
27) Todoroki T, Iwasaki Y, Orii K, et al:Resection combined with intraoperative radiation therapy (10RT) for stage IV (TNM) gallbladder carcinoma. World J. Surg. 15:357-366, 1991.
 
28) Busse PM, Stone MD, Sheldon TA, et al:Intraoperative radiation therapy for biliary tract carcinoma:Results of a 5-year experience. Surgery 105:724-733, 1989.
PubMed
29) Busse PM, Cady B, Bothe A Jr, et al:Intraoperative radiation therapy for carcinoma of the gallbladder:World J. Surg. 15:352-356, 1991.
PubMed
30) Abe M, Takahashi M, Ono K, et al Japan gastric trials in intraoperative radiation therapy. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 15:1431-1433, 1988.
 
31) Sindelar WF, Kinsella TJ, Tepper JE, et al:Randomized trial of intraoperative radiotherapy in carcinoma of the stomach. American Journal of Surgery 165:178-186, 1993.
PubMed
32) Suzuki K, Gunderson LL, Devine RM, et al:Intraoperative irradiation after palliative surgery for locally recurrent rectal cancer. Cancer 75:939-952, 1995.
PubMed
33) Matsutani M, Nakamura O:Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) for cerevral glioblastoma. Neuro-Oncology (edited by Paoletti P, Takakura K, Walker MD, Butti G and Pezzotta S) , Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands 1991, pp. 181-183. Dev Oncol. 66:181-183, 1991.
 
34) Shibamoto Y, Yamashita J, Takahashi M, et al:Intraoperative radiation therapy for brain tumors with emphasis on retreatment for recurrence following full-dose external beam irradiation. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 17:396-399, 1994.
PubMed
35) Matsumoto K, Kakizoe T, Mikuriya S, et al:Clinical evaluation of intraoperative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Cancer 47:509-513, 1981.
PubMed
36) Takahashi M, Okada K, Shibamoto Y, et al:Intraoperative radiotherapy in the definitive treatment of localized carcinoma of the prostate. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 11:147-151, 1985.
 
37) 児島真一, 佐竹一郎, 辻井俊彦・他:前立腺癌に対する術中照射術. 泌尿器紀要34:1397-1402, 1988.
 
38) Kotoura Y, Yamamura T, Kasahara K, et al:Intraoperative radiation therapy for osteosarcoma (Meeting abstract) . International Congress of Radiation Oncology 1993. June 21-25, 1993, Kyoto, Japan, p. 359.
 
39) Calvo FA, Ortiz de Urbina D, Sierrasesumaga L, et al:Intraoperative radiotherapy in the multidisciplinary treatment of bone sarcomas in children and adolescents. Medical & Pediatric Oncology 19:478-485, 1991.
 
40) Gunderson LL, Nagorney DM, Mcilrath DC, et al:External beam and intraoperative electron irradiation for locally advanced soft tissue sarcomas. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 25:647-656, 1993.
 
41) Willett CG, Suit HD, Tepper JE, et al:Intraoperative electron radiation therapy for retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma. Cancer 68:278-283, 1991.
PubMed
42) Sindelar WF, Tepper JE, Travis EL, et al:Tolerance of retroperitoneal structures to intraoperative radiation. Ann. Surg. 196:601-608, 1982.
 
43) Ahmadu-Suka F, Gillette EL, Withrow SJ, et al:Pathologic response of the pancreas and duodenum to experimental intraoperative irradiation. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 14:1197-1204, 1988.
 
44) Gillette EL, Powers BE, McChesney SL, et al:Aortic wall injury following intraoperative Irradiation. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 15:1401-1406, 1988.
 
45) Powers BE, Gillette EL, McChesney SL, et al:Bone necrosis and tumor induction following experimental intraoperative irradiation. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 17:559-567, 1989.
 
46) LeCouteur RA, Gillette EL, Powers BE, et al:Peripheral neuropathies following experimental intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) . Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 17:583-590, 1988.
 
47) 柄川 順, 築山 巌, 秋根康之・他:術中照射における後障害に関する考察. 癌の臨床36:815-820, 1990.
 
48) Sindelar WF, Tepper JE, Kinsella TJ, et al:Late effects of intraoperative radiation therapy on retroperitoneal tissues, intestine, and bile duct in a large animal model. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 29:781-788, 1994.
 
P.1483 掲載の参考文献
1) Coffin, JM:Retroviridae and their replication. Virology (eds. by field BN, Knipe DM, Chanock RM et al.) 2nd Es, Raven Press, New York, 1990, pp. 1437-1500.
 
2) Graham FL, Prevec L:Manipulation of adenovirus vectors. In Mehtods in Molecular Biology, vol. 7, Gene Transfer and Expression Protocols. Murray EJ, ed. (The Humana Press lnc., Clifton, NJ) pp. 109-128, 1991.
 
3) Mendelson E, Grossman Z, Mileguir F, et al:Replication of adeno-associated virus type 2 in human lymphocytic cells and interaction with HIV-1. Virology 187:453-463, 1992.
PubMed
4) Kasahara N, Dozy AM, Kan YW:Tissue-specific targeting of retroviral vectors through ligand-receptor interactions. Science 266:1373-1375, 1994.
PubMed
5) Neda H, Takahashi M, Itoh Y, et al:Successful transfection of biotinylated β-galactosidase gene conjugated with transferrin into leukemia cells and interleukin-2-stimulated lymphocytes via transferrin receptor. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 716:336-337, 1994.
 
6) Chen J, Gamou S, Takayanagi A, et al:A novel gene delivery system using EGF receptor-mediated endocytosis. Febs Lett. 338:167-169, 1994.
PubMed
7) Felgner PL, Gadek TR, Holm M, et al:Lipofection:A highly efficient, lipid-mediated DNA-transfection procedure. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:7413-7417, 1987.
PubMed
8) Kato K, Kaneda Y, Sakurai M, et al:Direct injection of hepatitis B virus DNA into liver induced hepatitis in adult rats. J. Biol. Chem. 266:22071-22074, 1991.
PubMed
9) Huber BE, Richards CA, Krentisky TA:Retroviral-mediated gene therapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma:An innovative approach for cancer therapy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:8039-8043, 1991.
 
10) Osaki T, Tanio Y, Tachibana I, et al:Gene therapy for carcinoembryonic antigen-producing human lung cancer cells by cell type-specific expression of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene. Cancer Res. 54:5258-5261, 1994.
PubMed
11) Ratajczak MZ, Kant JA, Luger SM, et al:In vivo treatment of human leukemia in a scid mouse model with c-myb antisense oligonucleotides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:11823-11827, 1992.
 
12) Bayever E, Iversen P, Smith L, et al:Guest editorial:Systemic human antisense therapy begins. Antisense Res. Dev. 2:109-110, 1992.
 
13) Inouye M:Antisense RNA:Its function and applications in gene regulation. Gene 72:25-34, 1988.
 
14) Sklar MD, Thompson E, Welsh MJ, et al:Depletion of c-myc with specific antisense sequences reverses the transformed phenotype in ras oncogene-transformed NIH 3T3 cells. Mol. Cell Biol. 11:3699-3710, 1991.
PubMed
15) Mukhopadhyay T, Tainsky M, Cavender AC, et al:Specific inhibition of K-ras expression and tumorigenicity of lung cancer cells by antisense RNA. Cancer Res. 51:1744-1748, 1991.
PubMed
16) Ledwith BJ, Manam S, Kraynak AR, et al:Antisense-fos RNA causes partial reversion of the transformation phenotypes induced by the c-H-ras oncogene. Mol. Cell Biol. 10:1545-1555, 1990.
 
17) Georges RN, Mukhopadhyay T, Zhang Y, et al:Prevention of orthotopic human lung cancer growth by intratracheal instillation of a retroviral antisense K-ras construct. Cancer Res. 53:1743-1746, 1993.
PubMed
18) von Ahsen U, Schroeder R:RNA as a catalyst:Natural and designed ribozymes. BioEssays 15:299-307, 1993.
PubMed
19) Kashani-Sabet M, Funato T, Florenes VA, et al:Suppression of the neoplastic phenotype in vivo by an anti-ras ribozyme. Cancer Res. 54:900-902, 1994.
PubMed
20) Koizumi M, Kamiya H, Ohtsuka E:Ribozyme designed to inhibit transformation of NIH 3T3 cells by the activated c-H-ras gene. Gene 117:179-184, 1992.
 
21) Cheng J, Yee JK, Yeargin J, et al:Suppression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia by the human wild-type p 53 gene. Cancer Res. 52:222-226, 1992.
 
22) Cai DW, Mukhopadhyay T, Liu Y, et al.:Stable expression of the wild-type p 53 gene in human lung cancer cells after retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. Hum. Gene Ther. 4:614-624, 1993.
 
23) Fujiwara T, Grimm EA, Mukhopadhyay T, et al:A retroviral wild-type p 53 expression vector penetrates human lung cancer spheroids and inhibits growth by inducing apoptosis. Cancer Res. 53:4129-4133, 1993.
 
24) Moolten FL, Wells JM:Curability of tumors bearing herpes thymidine kinase genes transferred by retroviral vectors. J Natl. Cancer Inst. 82:297-300, 1990.
PubMed
25) Culver KW, Ram Z, Wallbridge S, et al:Vector-producer cells for treatment of experimental brain tumors. Science 256:1550-1552, 1992.
PubMed
26) Bi WL, Parysek LM, Warnick R, et al:In vitro evidence that metabolic cooperation is responsible for the bystander effect observed with HSV-tk retroviral gene therapy. Hum. Gene Ther. 4:725-731, 1993.
PubMed
27) Van der Bruggen P, Traversari C, Chomez P, et al:A gene encoding an antigen recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes on human melanoma. Science 254:1643-1647, 1991.
PubMed
28) Kawakami Y, Eliyahu S, Delgado CH, et al:Cloning of the gene coding for a shared human melanoma antigen recognized by autologous T cells infiltrating into tumor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:3515-3519, 1994.
PubMed
29) Rosenberg SA:Gene therapy for cancer. JAMA 268:2416-2419, 1992.
PubMed
30) Gansbacher B, Zier K, Cronin K, et al:Retroviral gene transfer induced constitutive expression of interleukin-20r interferon-γ in irradiated human melanoma cells. Blood 80:2817-2825, 1992.
 
31) Golumbek PT, Lazenby AJ, Levitsky HI, et al:Treatment of established renal cancer by tumor cells engineered to secrete interleukin-4. Science 254:713-716, 1991.
PubMed
32) McBride WH, Thacker JD, Comora S, et al:Genetic modification of a murine fibrosarcoma to produce interleukin-7 stimulates host cell infiltration and tumor immunity. Cancer Res. 52:3931-3937, 1992.
PubMed
33) Tahara H, Zeh III HJ, Storkus WJ, et al:Fibroblasts genetically engineered to secrete interleukin-12 can suppress tumor growth and induce antitumor immunity to a murine melanoma in vivo. Cancer Res. 54:182-189, 1994.
 
34) Dranoff G, Jaffee E, Lazenby A, et al:Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:3539-3543, 1993.
PubMed
35) Townsend S, Allison J:Tumor rejection after direct co-stimulation of CD 8+Tcells by B 7-transfected melanoma cells. Science 259:368-370, 1993.
 
36) Koshita Y, Lu Y, Fujii S, et al:Treatment efficacy of TNF-αgene transduced tumor cells on established in vivo tumor. Int. J. Cancer, Revised.
 
37) Chen CJ, Chin JE, Ueda K, et al:Internal duplication and homology with bacterial transport protein in the MDR 1 (P-glycoprotein) gene from multidrug-resistant human cells. Cell 47:381-389, 1986.
 
38) Rosenberg SA, Aebersold P, Cornetta K, et alal:Gene transfer into humans-immunotherapy of patients with advanced melanoma, using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes modified by retroviral gene transduction. N. Engl. J. Med. 323:570-578, 1990. brain tumors. Science 256:1550-1552, 1992.
 
P.1496 掲載の参考文献
1) 小黒八七郎, 大塚幸雄, 竹下公矢・他:座談会 早期胃癌の内視鏡治療の適応と経過. Progress of Digestive Endoscopy 46:44-55, 1995.
 
2) 常岡健二, 内田隆也:われわれの考案した内視鏡下の胃ポリープ切断採取法, ポリープ切断器および採取器について. Gastroenterol. Endosc. 11:174, 1969.
 
3) 永井祐吾:早期胃癌に対する内視鏡的マイクロ波凝固療法の局所根治性に関する研究. Gastroenterol Endosc 29:2153-2165, 1987.
 
4) Hiki Y, Shimao H, Yamao Y, et al:The concepts, procedures, and problems related in endoscopic laser therapy of early gastric cancer. Surg. Endosc. 3:1-6, 1989.
 
5) 多田正弘, 村上 誠, 村上不二夫・他:Strip-off biopsyの開発. Gastroenterol. Endosc. 26:833-839, 1984.
 
6) 島田英雄, 幕内博康, 三富利夫:食道粘膜癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除術の経験と問題点. 上部消化管癌の先進的内視鏡治療手技, 小黒八七郎, 幕内博康編, 日本メディカルセンター, 東京, 1995, pp. 47-60.
 
7) 竹下公矢, 井上晴洋, 遠藤光夫:爪付き透明キャップを用いた新しい内視鏡的粘膜切除術. 上部消化管癌の先進的内視鏡治療手技, 小黒八七郎, 幕内博康編, 日本メディカルセンター, 東京, 1995, pp. 61-78.
 
8) 門馬久美子, 吉田 操, 山田義也:食道粘膜癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除. 上部消化管癌の先進的内視鏡治療手技, 小黒八七郎, 幕内博康編 日本メディカルセンター, 東京, 1995, pp. 31-45.
 
9) 幕内博康, 町村貴郎, 水谷郷一・他:早期食道癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除術, EEMR-tube法の実際. 胃と腸28:153-159, 1993.
 
10) 井上晴洋, 遠藤光夫, 竹下公矢・他:透明チューブを用いた内視鏡的食道粘膜切除術 (EMRT) . Gastroenterol. Endosc. 32:37-42, 1990.
 
11) 榊 信廣, 門馬久美子, 山田義也・他:早期食道癌および早期胃癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除の臨床評価Progress of Digestive Endoscopy 43:52-56, 1993.
 
12) 細川浩一, 白尾国昭, 斉藤大三・他:早期胃癌における内視鏡的粘膜切除術-適応の再検討-. Progress of Digestive Endoscopy 42:11-15, 1993.
 
13) 竹腰隆男, 藤井 彰, 馬場保昌・他:高周波切除による早期胃癌の内視鏡治療-根治を目的とした内視鏡的切除. 消化器外科14:829-838, 1991.
 
14) 中野和夫, 柳澤昭夫, 宇都出公也・他:未分化型胃癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除 (EMR) の適応限界. 胃と腸30:1289-1294, 1995.
 
15) 稲土修嗣・他:Strip biopsyにおける4点固定法の開発と胃病変に対する臨床的評価. Gastroenterol. Endosc. 36:939-948, 1994.
 
16) 山尾剛一, 白尾国昭, 山口 肇・他:早期胃癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜切除術の治療成績. Progress of Digestive Endoscopy 46:69-73, 1995.
 
17) 多田正弘:早期胃癌に対するstrip biopsyの一括切除と分割切除. 上部消化管癌の先進的内視鏡治療手技, 小黒八七郎, 幕内博康編, 日本メディカルセンター, 東京, 1995, pp. 79-90.
 
18) 平尾雅紀, 高桑良平, 河島秀昭・他:早期胃癌に対するHSE局注を併用した内視鏡的胃粘膜切除法. 胃と腸23:399-409, 1988.
 
19) 長南明道, 望月福治, 結城豊彦:早期胃癌の内視鏡的粘膜切除術における三脚型把持鉗子および透明キャップの有用性. 上部消化管癌の先進的内視鏡治療手技, 小黒八七郎, 幕内博康編, 日本メディカルセンター, 東京, 1995, pp. 105-119.
 
20) 鳥居恵雄, 酒井正彦, 梶山 徹・他:内視鏡的吸引粘膜切除法 (EAM) におけるスネアガイドチューブー体型先端フードの開発. Gastroenterol. Endosc. 37:361-369, 1995.
 
21) 内沢政英, 腰山達美, 平尾雅紀:早期胃癌に対するERHSEによる内視鏡的粘膜切除術. 上部消化管癌の先進的内視鏡治療手技, 小黒八七郎, 幕内博康編, 日本メディカルセンター, 東京, 1995, pp. 91-104.
 
22) 谷雅夫, 井上晴洋, 神戸文夫・他:早期胃癌の内視鏡治療成績-EMRCとNd-YAGレーザーの評価. Progress of Digestive Endoscopy 46:82-86, 1995.
 
23) 嶋尾 仁, 横山 靖, 比企能樹・他:内視鏡的粘膜切除術で不完全切除となった例に対するレーザー照射の効果と評価方法に対する検討. 胃と腸28:1427-1432, 1993.
 
24) 白尾国昭, 田尻久雄:早期胃癌に対するレーザー内視鏡治療の限界. 臨床消化器内科8:669-679, 1993.
 
25) Shimao H, Yokoyama Y, Hiki Y, et al:Endoscopic management and treatment of early gastric cancer. Acta Endoscopica. 25:21-31, 1995.
 
26) 工藤進英, 日下尚志, 中嶋孝司・他:大腸早期癌の根治性における問題点と対策. 消化器内視鏡5:1183-1189, 1993.
 
27) 渕上忠彦, 平川雅彦:大腸癌の深達度診断. 胃と腸29 (Suppl) :77-83, 1994.
 
28) 小平 進, 八尾恒良, 中村恭一・他:sm癌細分類からみた転移性大腸sm癌の実態. 胃と腸29:1137-1142, 1994.
 
29) 五十嵐正広, 勝又伴栄, 内藤吉隆・他:ストリップバイオプシー. 胃と腸29 (Suppl) :107-116, 1994.
 
30) 二ツ木浩一, 井田和徳, 小黒八七郎:進行消化管癌の内視鏡的レーザー治療の現状-レーザー内視鏡委員会による第7回集計報告-. Gastroenterol. Endosc. 35:128-134, 1993.
 
31) 山田英夫, 神津照男, 吉村清司・他:QOLからみた切除不能食道癌に対する内視鏡的食道内挿管術の検討. Progress of Digestive Endoscopy 43:48-51, 1993.
 
32) 嶋尾 仁, 三重野寛喜:噴門部癌性狭窄に対する屈曲型プロテーゼ. 上部消化管癌の先進的内視鏡治療手技, 小黒八七郎, 幕内博康編, 日本メディカルセンター, 東京, 1995, pp. 11-30.
 
33) Knyrim K, Wagner HJ, Bethge N, et al:A controlled trial of an expansile metal stent for palliation of esophageal obstruction due to inoperable cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 329:1302-1307, 1993.
PubMed
34) Grund KE, Storek D, Becker HD:Highly Flexible Self-expanding Meshed Metal Stents for Palliation of Malignant Esophagogastric Obstruction. Endoscopy 27:486-494, 1995.
PubMed
35) Ell C, May A, Hahn EG:Gianturco-Z stents in the Palliative Treatment of Malignant Esophageal Obstruction and Esophagotracheal Fistulas. Endoscopy 27:495-500, 1995.
PubMed
36) Rey JF, Romanczyk T, Greff M:Metal Stents for Palliation of Rectal Carcinoma:a Preliminary Report on 12 Patients. Endoscopy 27:501-504, 1995.
PubMed
37) Gauderer MWL, Ponsky JL, lzant RJ Jr:Gastrostomy without laparotomy:A percutaneous endoscopic technique. J. Pediat. Surg. 15:872-875, 1980.
 
38) Cannizzaro R, Bortoluzzi F, Valentini M, et al:Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy as a Decompressive Technique in Bowel Obstruction due to Abdominal Carcinomatosis. Endoscopy 27:317-320, 1995.
PubMed
39) Seitz U, Vadeyer H, Soehendra N:Prolonged Patency with a New-Design Teflon Biliary Prosthesis. Endoscopy 26:478-482, 1994.
 
40) Knyrim K, Wagner H J, Pausch J:AProspective, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Metal Stents for Malignant Obstruction of the Common Bile Duct. Endoscopy 25:207-212, 1993.
 
41) Smits M, Huibregstse K, Tygat G:Results of the New Nitinol Self-expandable Stents for Distal Biliary Strictures. Endoscopy 27:505-508, 1995.
 
42) 大上正裕, 熊井浩一郎, 若林 剛・他:早期胃癌に対する新しい治療法lesion lifting法による腹腔鏡下胃局所切除術. 胃と腸28:1461-1468, 1993.
 
43) 大橋秀一:腹腔鏡下胃内手術. 手術48 (3) :333-337, 1994.
 
44) Sackier J M, Slutzki S, Wood C, et al:Laparoscopic endocorporeal mobilization followed by extracorporeal sutureless anastomosis for the treatment of carcinoma of the left colon. Dis. Colon Rectum 36:610-612, 1993.
PubMed

書評

最近チェックした商品履歴

Loading...