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The Nude Mouse and Anticancer Drug Evaluation

出版社：	癌と化学療法社
著者：	TatsujiNomura(編) YoshioSakurai(編) MakotoInada(編)
発行日：	1996-01-01
分野：	基礎・関連科学 > 実験動物
ISBN：	9784906225309
電子書籍版：	1996-01-01

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ヌードマウス移植ヒト癌とそれを用いた抗癌剤評価システムについて。

目次

表紙
Contents
Preface
I Nude Mice and Cancer Research
II Transition of Anticancer Drug Evaluation Systems
Part 1 : New Evaluation Systems for Anticancer Drugs
Chapter 1 Concept and Characteristics of the New Evaluation System
Chapter 2 Properties of Human Tumor Lines Used in Anticancer Drug Susceptibility Panels
Chapter 3 Determination of Clinically Equivalent Doses
Chapter 4 Therapeutic Effects on Various Types of Human Cancers and Clinical Correlation
I Experimental Treatment Protocols
II Stomach Cancer
III Lung Cancer
IV Breast Cancer
V Brain Tumors
VI Other Cancers（Choriocarcinoma，Hematopoietic Tumors，Colorectal Cancer，and Pancreatic Cancer）
Chapter 5 Significance of the Human Cancer / Nude Mouse System as a New Evaluation System
I Overview of Human Tumor Sensitivity Panel to Anticancer Drug
II Significance and Limitations of Clinically Equivalent Dose
III Considerations of Treatment Protocols
IV Relation with Other Evaluation Systems
V Application of the In Vitro Evaluation System
VI Approaches to CED of New Drugs and Prediction of Their Clinical Effects
Part 2 : Nude Mice and Human Tumor Lines Used in Evaluation of Anticancer Drugs
Chapter 1 Mass Production Techniques for Nude Mice
I Rearing Management of Nude Mice
II Nude Mouse Production System
Chapter 2 Characters of Nude Mice
Chapter 3 System for the Establishment and Maintenance of Human Tumor Xenografts with Respect to Quality
Chapter 4 Human Cancer / Nude Mouse System as a Means as Studying the Biology of Human Cancer
Appendix
I Method of Tumor Transplantation
II Evaluation Method of Antitumor Effects
III Anticancer Drug Sensitivities of Human Tumors Transplanted in Nude Mice
List of Publications Concerning This Research
Abbreviations Used in This book
Afterward
List of Contributors
Index

この書籍の参考文献

参考文献のリンクは、リンク先の都合等により正しく表示されない場合がありますので、あらかじめご了承下さい。

本参考文献は電子書籍掲載内容を元にしております。

Part 1 : New Evaluation Systems for Anticancer Drugs

P.6 掲載の参考文献

1) Povlsen, C. O. and Rygaard, J.:Effects of cyclophosphamide on a Burkitt's lymphoma serially grown in nude mice. Proc. Ist Int. Workshop on Nude Mice. 285-292 (1974)

2) Povlsen, C O., and Jacobsen, G. K.:Chemotherapy of a human malignant melanoma transplanted in the nude mouse. Cancer Res. 35:2790-2796 (1975)

3) Sharkey, F. E. and Fogh, J.:Considerations in the use of nude mice for cancer research. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 3:341-360 (1984)

P.28 掲載の参考文献

1) Shibuya, M, Yokota, J., and Ueyama, Y.:Amplification and expression of a cellular oncogene (c-myc) in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:414-418 (1985)

2) Yoshimura, S., Tamaoki, N. Ueyama, Y., and Hata, J.:Plasma protein production by human tumor xenotranspianted in nude mice. Canccr Res. 38:3474-3478 (1978)

3) Yamasaki, H., Fukui, Y., Ueyama, Y., Tamaoki. N., Kawamoto, T., Taniguchi, S., and Shibuya M:Amplification of the structurally and functionally altered epidermal growth factor receptor gene (c- crbB) in human brain tumors. Mol. Cell Biol. 8:1816-1820 (1988)

P.40 掲載の参考文献

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2) Georgopoulos, A., Schutze, E. and Laber, G.:Measurements of antimicrobial drug concentraions in renal interstitial fluid using the diffusion chamber technique. Infection 8:115-118 (1980)

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4) Miyamura, S., Niwayama, S. and Shigeno, N.:Determination of the concentration of mitomycin C in body fluids. J. Antibiot. Ser. B, 14:251-254 (1961) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

5) Masuike, T., Otake, J. and Takemoto, Y.:Determination of adriamycin and its metabolites in biological samples using high-performance liquid chromatography. (I) Analysis of serum and plasma by direct injection method. Yakugaku Zasshi 104:614-619 (1984) . (in Japanese with English Abstr.)

6) Bender, R. A., Castle, M. C, Margileth, D. A. and Oliverio, V. T.:The pharmacokinetics of [3H] vincristine in man. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 22:430-438 (1977)

7) Nakamura, K., Asami, M., Kawada, K. and Sasahara, K.:Quantitative determination of ACNU (3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl]-1-(2-chloroethyl) -1-nitrosourea hydrochloride) , a new water-soluble antitumor nitrosourea, in biological fluids and tissues of patients by high-performance liquid chromatography. I. Analytical method and pharmacokinetics. Ann. Rep. Sankyo Res. Lab. 29:66-74 (1977)

8) Wagner, T., Heydrich, D., Jork, T., Veelcker, G and Hohorst, H. J.:Comparative study on human pharmacokinetics of activated ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide by a modified fiuorometric test. J Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 100:95-104 (1981)

9) Lu, K., Yap, H-Y. and Lob, T. L.:Clinical pharmacokinetics of vinblastine by continuous intravenous infusion. Cancer Res. 43:1405-1408 (1983)

10) Fujita, H.:Measurement method of in vivo distribution of anticancer agents (Part 1) . Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 1:497-503 (1974) . (in Japanese with English abstr.)

11) Bertino, J. R. and Fischer, G. A.:Techniques for study of resistance of folic acid antagonists. Methods Med. Res. 10:297-307 (1964)

12) Fujita, H.:Comparative studies on the blood level, tissue distribution, excretion and inactivation of anticancer drugs. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 1:151-162 (1972)

13) Brenner, D. E, Galloway, S., Cooper, J., Noone, R. and Hande, K. R.:Improved high-performance liquid chromatography assay of doxorubicin:Detection of circulating aglycons in human plasma and comparison with thin-layer chromatography. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 14:139-145 (1985)

14) Himmelstein, K. J., Patton, T. F., Belt, RJ., Taylor, S., Repta, A, J. and Sternson, L. A.:Clinical kinetics of intact cisplatin and some related species. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 29:658-664 (1981)

15) Shimoyama, M.:Cytocidal action of anti-cancer agents:evaluation of the sensitivity of cuitured animal and human cancer celis. In "Comparative Leukemia Research 1973, Leukemogenesis, " eds. Ito, Y. and Dutcher, R M, pp. 711-722 (1975) . University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.

16) Kudo, K.:Analysis of the clinical resuits of chemotherapies for metastatic breast cancer, with special reference to "massive-dose cyclic" schedules. In "Current Chemotherapy and Infectious Disease" (Proc. 11th ICC and ICAAC) , pp. 1665-1667 (1980) . American Society of Microbiology, Washington, D. C.

17) Lawrence, J. R., Steele, W. H., Stuart, J. F. B., McNeill, C. A., McVie, J. G. and Whiting, B.:Dose dependent methotrexate elimination following bolus intravenous injection. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 17:371-374 (1980)

18) Boerrigter, G. H., Heinerman, E C. M., Braakhuis, B. J. M. and Snow, G. B.:Chemosensitivity of human head and neck cancer xenografts in the clonogenic assay and iri nude mice. Br. J. Cancer 54:53-59 (1986)

19) Braakhuis, B. J. M., Leyva, A., Schoevers, E J., Boerrigter, G. H., Schornagel, J. H. and Snow, G. B.:Lack of effect of methotrexate on human head and neck tumors transplanted in athymic nude mice. Acta Otolaryngol. 99:208-213 (1985)

P.52 掲載の参考文献

1) Taguchi, T.:Present status of postoperative a adjuvant chemotherapy for stomach cancer. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 16:2169-2172 (1989) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

2) Ogawa, M.:Chemotherapy of advanced stomach cancers. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 16:2161-68 (1989) (in Japanese with English abst)

3) Ramming, K. P. and Haskell, C. M.:Stomach cancer. In "Cancer Treatment", ed. Haskell, C. M., pp. 257-271 (1985) , WB. Saunders Co., Philadelphia.

4) Ogawa, M.:Present status of chemotherapy of cancers of the esophagus and stomach, Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 9:2097-2103 (1982) (in Japanese with English abstr.) .

P.60 掲載の参考文献

1) Sarna, G P., Holmes, E C., Petrovich, Z. and Figlin, R. A.:Lung cancer. In "Cancer Treatment (2nd ed) , " ed. Haskell, C. M., pp. 180-211 (1985) . W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia.

2) Tominaga, S., Hirose K. and Kuroishi, T.:Predicting cancer mortality in Japan. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 16:101-111 (1989) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

3) Saijo, N:Multidisciplinary treatment Of inoperable Stomach Cancer J. Clin. 19:1230-1239 (1983) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

4) Ota, K. and Nishimura, M.:Present status of lung cancer chemotherapy in Japan. In "New Anticancer Drugs (Recent Result Cncer Res. vol. 70) *) , eds. Carter, S. K., and Sakurai, Y., pp. 167-177 (1980) . Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heiderberg.

5) Saijo, N. and Niitani. H.:Experimental and clinical effect of ACNU in Japan, with emphasis on smallcell carcinoma of the lung. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 4:165-171 (1980)

6) Hansen, H. H.:Management of small ceU anaplastic carcinoma. In "Lung Cancer 1980 (II World Conference) , " pp. 113-132 (1980) , Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.

7) Selawry, O. S.:Monochemotherapy of bronchogenic carcinoma with special reference to cell type. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 4:177-188 (1973)

8) Joss, R A., Cavalli, F., Goldhirsch, A. and Brunner, K:New drugs in small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Treat. Rev. 13:157-176 (1986)

9) Bakowski, M. T. and Crouch, J. C.:Chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer:areappraisal and a look to the future. Cancer Treat. Rev. 10:159-172 (1983)

10) Fujita, J. and Saijo, N.:Phase II study of non-small cell lung cancer. J. Therapy 67:1059-1067 (1985) (in Japanese)

P.66 掲載の参考文献

1) Haskell, C. M., Giuliano, A. E., Thompson. R. W. and Zarem, H. A.:Breast cancer. In "Cancer Treatment (2nd ed.) " ed. Haskell, C. M., pp. 137-180 (1985) , W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia.

2) Tominaga, S., Hirose, K and Ishiguro, T.:Predicting the future of cancer mortality in Japan. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 16:101-111 (1989) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

3) Izumo, M.:Pathology of recurrent breast cancer. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemothex. 12:412-420 (1985) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

4) Terazawa, T., Ogawa, H, , Wada, T., Nishio, M., Shiba, E. and Kajita, A.:General theory of recurrent breast cancer therapy. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 12:428-38 (1985) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

P.73 掲載の参考文献

1) Kornblith, P. L. and Walker, M.:Chemotherapy for malignant gliomas. J. Neurosurg. 68:1-17 (1988)

2) Ushio, Y., Hayakawa T. and Mogami H.:Chemotherapy of gliomas. Jpn. J . Cancer Chemother. 4:497-505 (1977) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

3) Hoshino T.:Chemotherapy of brain tumors. Brain and Nerve. 28:739-750 (1976) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

4) Hirano, A. and Matsui, T.:Vascular structures in brain tumors. Hum. Pathol. 6:611-621 (1975)

5) Kobayashi, T.:The blood-brain barrier and chemotherapy of brain tumors. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 8:665-663 (1981) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

P.86 掲載の参考文献

1) Kato, T., Ishige, H. Kobayashi, O. et al.:Thoughts on reasonable techniques of chemotherapy for refractory choriocarcinoma, Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother 9:815-21 (1982) (in Japanese with English abstr.) .

2) Goldstein, D. P., Winig, P. C. and Shirley, R. L.:Actinomycin D as initial therapy of gestational trophoblastic disease. A reevaluation. Obstet. Gynecol. 39:341-345 (1972)

3) Sung, H. C., Wu, P. C and Yang, H. Y.:Reevaluation of 5-fluorouracil as a single therapeutic agent for gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 150:69-75 (1984)

4) Idenoue, A., Kuwabara, J.:Empirical use of actinomycin D in chorionic tumors, Sanfujinka no Jissai 19:432-36 (1970) , (in Japanese) .

5) Hertz, R, Lewis, J. and Lipsett, M. B.:Five years' experience with the chemotherapy of metastatic choriocarcinoma and related trophoblastic tumors in women. Am. J Obstet. Gynecol. 82:631-640 (1961)

6) Shionogi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. from collected clinical literature. (in Japanese) .

7) Song, H. Z., Xia, Z., Wu, B. et al.:20 years' experience in chemotherapy of choriocarcinoma and malignant mole. Chinese Med. J. 92:677-687 (1979)

8) Bonadonna, G, Monfardini, S., DeLena, M. et al.:Clinical evaluation of adriamycin, a new antitumor antibiotic. Br. Med. J. 3:503-506 (1969)

9) Takeuchi, S., Kanazawa, K.:On the clinical significance of cisplatin;An attempt at clinical application:choriocarcinoma, Prog. Med. 6:2585-88 (1986) . (in Japanese) .

10) Ueyama, Y., Morita, K., Yokoyama, M. et al.:Establishment and maintenance of human malignant tumors serially transplanted to nude mice. In "Proc. 2nd Int. Workshop on Nude Mice", eds. T. Nomura, N. Ohsawa, N. Tamaoki, K. Fujiwara. pp. 365-374 (1977) , Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.

11) Tominaga, K.:Chemotherapy of advanced and recurrent colon cancers, Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 13:2298-2306 (1986) . (in Japanese with English abstr.) .

12) Furue, S.:Pancreatic cancer in "Fundamentals and Clinical Practice of Cancer Chemotherapy, " (Furue, S.:Ota, K., Taguchi, T., Niitani, H., Fujita H., Tsukagoshi S. eds.) pp. 469-471, Tokyo:Gan to Kagakuryoho Sha. (in Japanese) .

P.95 掲載の参考文献

1) Berger, D. P., Fiebig, H. H., Winterhalter, B. R., Wallbrecher, E. and Henss, H.:Preclinical phase II study of ifosfamide in human tumour xenografts in vivo. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 26 (Suppl) :7-11 (1990)

2) Kubota, T., Nakada, M., Hanaya, Y., Tsuyuki, K, Asanuma, F, Ishibiki, H., Abe, O.:Factors determining sensitivities of human cancers transplantable in nude mice to the anticancer agent. The Saishin-lgaku 37:1438-1442 (1982) (in Japanese)

3) Mattem, J., Wayss, K. and Volm, M.:Effect of five antineoplastic agents on tumor xenografts with different growth rates. JNCI 72:1335-1339 (1984)

4) Fujita, F.:Analyses of factors influencing the chemosensitivity of Human tumors xenografted into Nude Mice. J. JpnSoc. Cancer Ther. 22:2331-2346 (1987) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

P.102 掲載の参考文献

1) Ozawa, S., Sugiyama, Y., Mitsuhashi, Y., Kobayashi, T. and Inaba, M.:Cell killing action of cell cycle phase-non-specific antitumor agents is dependent on concentration-time product. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 21:185-190 (1988)

2) Shimoyama, M., Kimura, K.:Chemotherapy. In "In vitro Culture of Human Cancer Cells", eds. Oboshi, S. and Sugano, H., pp. 3823-3828 (1975) , Asakura Shoten, Tokyo. (in Japanese)

3) Ozawa, S., Sugiyama, Y., Mitsuhashi, J. and Inaba, M.:Kinetic analysis of cell killing effect induced by cytosine arabinoside and cisplatin in relation to cell cycle phase specificity in human colon cancer and Chinese hamster cells. Cancer Res. 49:3823-3828 (1989)

4) Kubota, T.:Unpublished data

5) Wagner, T., Heydrich, D., Jork, T., Veelcker, G. and Hohorst, H. J.:Comparative study on human pharmacokinetics of activated ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide by a modified fluorometric test. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 100:95-104 (1981)

6) Nakamura, K., Asami, M., Kawada, K. and Sasahara, K.:Quantitative determination of ACNU(3- [(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl]-1- (2 chloroethyl) -1-nitrosourea hydrochloride) , a new watersoluble antitumor nitrosourea, in biological fluids and tissues of patients by high-performance liquid chromatography. I. Analyticai method and pharmacokinetics. Ann. Rep. Sankyo Res. Lab. 29:66-74 (1977)

7) Himmelstein, K. J., Patton, T. F., Belt, R. J., Taylor, S., Repta, A. J. and Sternson, L. A.:Clinical kinetics of intact cisplatin and some related species. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 29:658-664 (1981)

8) Brenner, D. E., Galloway, S., Cooper, J., Noone, R and Hande, K. R:Improved high-performance liquid chromatography assay of doxorubicin:Detection of circulating aglycons in human plasma and comparison with thin-layer chromatography. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 14:139-145 (1985)

P.122 掲載の参考文献

1) Povlsen, C. O. and Rygaard, J.:Effects of cyclophosphamide (Endoxan) on a Burkitt lymphoma serially grown in nude mice. In "Proc. 1st Int. Workshop on Nude Mice", eds. Rygaard, J. and Povlsen, C. O., pp. 285-292 (1974) , Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.

2) Tomayko, M. M. and Reynolds, C. P.:Determination of subcutaneous tumor size in athymic (nude) mice. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 24:148-154 (1989)

3) Fujita, F., Fujita, M., Kimoto, Y., Shimozuma, K and Taguchi, T.:Chemosensitivity of human gastrointestinal and breast cancer xenografts in nude mice. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 12:353-361 (1985) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

4) Ovejera, A. A., Houchens, D. P. and Barket, A. D.:Chemotherapy of human tumor xenografts in genetically athymic mice. Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci. 8:50-56 (1978)

5) Shorthouse, A. J., Jones, J. M, Steel, G. G. and Peckham, M. J.:Experimental combination and single-agent chemotherapy in human lung-tumour xenografts. Br. J. Cancer 46:35-44 (1982)

6) Arai, T., Okamoto, K., Terao, K., Tokita, H., Sekimoto, K., Fukushima, T. and Tanaka, N.:Effectiveness of antitumor agents against human tumors in nude mice. In"Proc. 2nd Int. Workshop on Nude Mice", eds. T. Nomura, N. Ohsawa, N. Tamaoki and K. Fujiwara, pp. 461-474 (1977) , University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.

7) Freireich, E J., Gehan, E. A., Rall, D. P., Schmidt, L. H. and Skipper, H. E:Quantitative comparison of toxicity of anticancer agents in mouse, cat, hamster, dog, monkey and man. Cancer Chemother. Rep. 50:219-244 (1966)

8) Bailey, MJ., Gazet, J. C., Smith, I. E. and Steel, G G.:Chemotherapy of human breast-carcinoma xenografts. Br. J. Cancer. 42 530-536 (1980)

9) Povlsen, C. O.:Growth of human tumors in nude mice and chemotherapy studies in this model In "Proc. Sym. The Use of Athymic (Nude) Mice in Cancer Res", eds. D. P. Houchens and A. A. Ovejera, pp. 187-194 (1978) . Gustav Fischer, New York.

10) Osieka, R. and Johnson, R. K.:Evaluation of chemical agents in phase I clinical trial and earliest stages of development against xenografts on human colon carcinoma. Ibid, pp. 217-223 (1978)

11) Ovejera, A. A., Houchens. D. P. and Barket, A. D.:Sensitivity of a human tumor xenograft in nude (athymic) mice to various clinically-active drugs. In "Proc. 2nd Int. Workshop on Nude Mice", eds. T. Nomura, N. Ohsawa, N. Tamaoki and K. Fujiwara, pp. 451-460 (1977) , Universty of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.

12) Fujita, M., Fujita, E and Taguchi, T.:Chemosensitivity of human gastrointestinal and breast cancer xenografts in nude mice and predictability to clinical response of anticancer agents. In "lmmune-Deficient Animals", ed. B. Sordat, pp. 311-315 (1984) , Karger, Basel.

13) Houchens, D. P., Ovejeta, A. A. and Barket, A. D.:The therapy of human tumors in athymic (nude) mice. In "Proc. Sym. The Use of Athymjc (Nude) Mice in Cancer Research", eds. D. P. Houchens and A. A. Oveieta, pp. 267-280 (1978) . Gustav Fischer, New York.

14) Giovanella, B. C, Stehlin, J. S. and Shepard, R. C:Experimental Chemotherapy of human breast carcinomas heterotransplanted in nude mice. In "Proc. 2nd Int workshop on Nude Mice", eds. T. Nomura, N Ohsawa, N. Tamaoki and K. Fujiwara, pp. 475-481 (1977) , University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.

15) Giuliani, F. C., Zirvi, K. A. and Kaplan, N. O.:Therapeutic response of human tumor xenografts in athymic mice to doxorubicin. Cancer Res. 41:325-335 (1981)

16) Shorthouse, A. J., Peckham, MJ., Smyth, J. F. and Steel, G. G.:The therapeutic response of bronchial carcinoma xenografts:A direct patient-xenograft comparison. Br. J. Cancer. 41 (Suppl) IV:142-145 (1980)

17) Steel, G G., Courtenay, V. D. and Peckham, MJ.:The response to chemotherapy of a variety of human tumour xenografts. Br. J. Cancer 47:1-13 (1983)

18) Fodstad, 陸., Aass, N. and Pihl, A.:Response to chemotherapy of human, malignant melanoma xenografts in athymic, nude mice. Int. J. Cancer 25:453-458 (1980)

19) Taetle, R., Rosen, F., Abramson, I., Venditti, J. and Howell, S.:Use of nude mouse xenografts as preclinical drug screens:In vivo activity of established chemotherapeutic agents against melanoma and ovarian carcinoma xenografts. Cancer Treat., Rep. 71:297-304 (1987)

20) Noso, Y., Niimi, K., Nishiyama, M., Hirabayashi, N., Toge, T., Niimoto, M. and Hattori, T.:Clinical studies on a new screening assay for anticancer agents using nude mice and isotopic evaluation. Cancer Res. 47:6418-6422 (1987)

21) Nakano, Y., Kumagaya, M., Fujita, M., Hayata, S. and Taguchi, T.:Evaluation of the effects of chemotherapy against human cancers transplanted in nude mice using human LDH isozyme. J. Clin. Exptl. Med. 117:79-81 (1981) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

22) DiPersio, L., Kyriazis, A. P., Michael, J. G. and Pesce, AJ.:Monitoring the therapy of human tumor xenografts in nude mice by the use of lactate dehydrogenase. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 62:375-379 (1979)

23) Fujita, F, Fujita, M., Nakano, Y., Hayata, S. and Taguchi, T.:Characteristics of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozyme in human cancers growing in nude mice and application to evaluation of effects of experimental chemotherapy. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 11:2212-2220 (1984) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

24) Bogden, A. E., Kelton, D. E., Cobb, W. R. and Esber, H. J.:A rapid screening method for testing chemotherapeutic agents against human tumor xenografts. In "Proc. Sym. on The Use of Athymic (Nude) Mice in Cancer Research", eds. D. P. Houchens and A. A. Ovejera, pp. 231-250 (1978) , Gustav Fischer, New York.

25) Bogden, A. E., Cobb, W. R., LePage, D. J., Haskell, P. M., Gulkin, T. A., Ward, A., Kelton, D. E and Esber, H. J.:Chemotherapy responsiveness of human tumors as first transplant generation xenografts in the normal mouse:Six-day subrenal capsule assay. Cancer 48:10-20 (1981)

26) Kusuyama, T., Fujita, M, Sakata, A. and Taguchi, T.:Subrenal capsule assay as a chemosensitivity test (V) --Experimental chemotherapy in cyclosporin A-treated mice and nude mice--. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 15:79-89 (1988) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

27) Inoue, K., Wang, Y., Tada, A., Ueno, K., Kojima, K and Ogawa, M.:Analysis of chemosensitivitiy against a human breast cancer xenograft (MX-1) with the subrenal capsule assay in BDFI mice. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 12:1644-1650 (1985) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

28) Kitahara, T., Shimoyama, M., Minato, K., Watanabe, S. and Kimura, K:Establishment of a human leukemia cell line in nude mice and its application to the screening system of anti-leukemic agents. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother. 7:957-965 (1980) (in Japanese with English abstr.)

29) McLemore, T. L., Liu, M. C., Blacker, P. C., Gregg, M., Alley, M. C, Abbott, B J., Shoemaker, R. H., Bohlman, M. E, Litterst, C. C., Hubbard, W. C., Brennan, R. H., McMahon, J. B., Fine, D. L., Eggleston, J. C., Mayo, J. G, and Boyd, M. R.:Novel intrapulmonary model for orthotropic propagation of human lung cancers in athymic nude mice. Cancer Res. 47:5132-5140 (1987)

30) Gorelik, E., Oveiera, A., Shoemaker, R., Jarvis, A., Alley, M., Duff, R, Mayo, J., Herberman, R and Boyd, M.:Microencapsulated tumor assay:New short-term assay for in vivo evaluation of the effects of anticancer drugs on human tumor cell lines. Cancer Res. 47:5739-5747 (1987)

P.129 掲載の参考文献

1) Bateman, A. E., Selby, P. J., Steel, G. G. and Towes, G. D. W.:In vitro chemosensitivity tests on xenografted human melanomas. Br. J. Cancer 41:189-198 (1980)

2) Zirvi, K. A., Masui, H., Guiliani, F. C. and Kaplan, N. O.:Correlation of drug sensitivity on human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Int. J. Cancer 32:45-51 (1983)

3) Friedman, H. S., Schold, S. C., Jr., Muhlbaier, L. H., Biomsson, T. D. and Bigner, D. D.:In vitro versus in vivo correlations of chemosensitivity of human medulloblastoma. Cancer Res. 44:5145-5149 (1984)

4) Tanigawa, N., Kern, D. H., Hikasa, Y. and Morton, D. L.:Rapid assay for evaluating the chemosensitivity of human tumors in soft agar culture. Cancer Res. 42:2159-2164 (1982)

5) Kern, D. H., Drogemuller, C R., Kennedy, M. C., Hildebrand-Zanki, S. U., Tanigawa, N. and Sondak, V. K.:Development of a miniaturized, improved nucleic acid precursor incorporation assay for chemosensitivity testing of human solid tumors. Cancer Res. 45:5436-5441 (1985)

P.140 掲載の参考文献

1) Sawada, Y.:Animal scale-up. In "Applied Pharmacokinetics-Theory and Experiments" (Eds. Hanano, M., Umemura, K., Iga, T.) pp. 474-514 (1985) . Soft Science, Tokyo.

2) Boxenbaum, H.:Interspecies scaling, allometry, physiological time, and the ground plan of pharmacokinetics. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. 10:201-227 (1982)

3) Freireich, E J., Gehan, E. A., Rall, D. P., Schmidt, L. H. and Skipper, H. E.:Quantitative comparison of toxicity of anticancer agents in mouse, rat, hamster, dog, monkey, and man. Cancer Chemother. Rep, 50:219-244 (1966)

4) Motdenti, J.:Dosage regimen design for pharmaceutical studies conducted in animals. J Pharm. Sci. 75:852-857 (1986)

5) Collins, J. M., Zaharko, D. S., Dedrick, R. L. and Chabner, B. A.:Potential roles for preclinical pharmacology in phase I clinical trials. Cancer Treat. Rep. 70:73-80 (1986)

Part 2 : Nude Mice and Human Tumor Lines Used in Evaluation of Anticancer Drugs

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1) Okugi, M and Maejima, K.:Laboratory Animal Science, Techniques. In "Laboratory Animal Science", ed. Tajima, Y., pp. 53-75 (1977) , Asakura Shoten, Tokyo. (in Japanese)

2) Saito, M.:Care and management of nude mice. Experimental Animals, 26:81-83 (1977) (in japanese with English abstr.)

3) Saito, M. and Hioki, K.:Care, management and handling of nude mice and nude rats. In "Human Cancer and Nude Mice", eds. Shimosato, Y. and Tamaoki, N., pp. 309-315 (1982) , Ishiyaku Shuppan, Tokyo. (in Japanese)

4) Kagiyama, N., Ito, T. and Nomura, T.:"Monitoring Manual for Laboratory Animals", ed. Nomura, T. (1986) , Soft Science Inc., Tokyo. 1986 (in Japanese)

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1) Tajima, Y.:General Principles of Laboratory Animal Science (Y. Tajima, ed.) , pp. 1-30 (1970) , Asakura Shoten, Tokyo (in Japanese)

2) Nomura, T.:Future problems of nude mice as laboratory animals. In "Proc. 2nd. Workshop on Nude Mice" . pp. 569-576 (1977)

3) Maejima, K., Kashiwazaki M., Uemura, F. ed.:Germ-free Technology for Laboratory Animals, pp. 1-179 (1978) , Soft Science Sha, Tokyo

4) Saito, M., Nomura T.:Production of germfree animals. Part 1. Small mammals. In "The Germfree Animals in Biomedical Research", eds. M. E Coates & B. E Gustfsson, pp. 33-48 (1984) . Laboratory Animal, Ltd., London.

5) Kagiyama, N., Ito, T., Nomura, T.:Monitoring Manual for Laboratory Animals (T. Nomura, ed.) , Soft Sciellce Sha, Tokyo, 1986 (in Japanese)

6) Kato, H.:Immunogenetic Monitoring, Mouse Immunogenetics (K. Moriwaki and D, W. Berry, eds.) , pp. 165-195 (1988) , Soft Science Sha, Tokyo

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1) Kojima, A., Saito, M, Hioki, K. et al.:NFS/N-nu/+mice can macroscopically be distinguished from NFS/N-+/+ littermates by their thymic size and shape. Exp. Cell Biol. 52:107-110 (1984) .

2) Rygaard, J. and Povlsen. C. O.:Effects of homozygosity of the nude (nu) gene in three inbred strains of mice. A detailed study of mice of three genetic backgrounds (BALB/c, C3H, C57BL/6) with congenital absence of the gene transfer. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. [A] 82:48-70 (1974)

3) Sudo, K., Suzuki, K, Matsumoto, K., Furuya, T. and Kurokawa, Y.:Characteristics of the KSN inbred mice:A strain of self-perpetuating nude mice. In "lmmune-Deficient Animals in Experimental Medicine", eds. B-Q. Wu and J. Zheng, pp. 45-49 (1989) , Karger, Basel.

4) Nomura, T., Maruo, K., Hioki, K and Endo, S.:Genetic improvement of nude mice for cancer research. In "lmmune-Deficient Animals in Biomedical Research", eds. J. Rygaard, et al., pp. 18-29 (1987) , Karger, Basel

5) Lozzio, B. B., Machado, E. A., Lozzio, C B. and Lair, S.:Hereditary asplenic-athymic mice:Transplantation of human myelogenous leukemic cells. J. Erp. Med. 143:225-231 (1976)

6) Hioki, K., Maruo, K, Suzuki, S., Kato, H., Shimamura, K., Saito, M. and Nomura, T.:Studies on beige-nude mice with low natural killer activity. 1. Introduction of the bg gene into nude mice and the characteristics of beige-nude mice. Lab. Anim. 21:72-77 (1987)

7) Azar. H. A., Hansen, C. T. and Costa, J.:N:NIH (S) II-nu/nu mice with combined immunodeficiency:A new model for human tumor heterotransplantation. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 65:421-430 (1980)

8) Ueyama, Y., Kuwahara, Y., Takahashi, H., Maruo, K., Hioki, K., Saito, M., Esaki, K., Nomura, T. and Tamaoki, N.:Usefulness of double-mutant athymic/renal failure mice in experimental therapy of nephrogenic anemia by an erythropoietin-producing human tumor. In "Immune-Deficient Animals", ed. B. Sordat, pp. 73-75 (1984) , Karger, B asel

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1) Ueyama, Y., Yokoyama, M., Kondo, Y., Ohsawa, N. and Tamaoki, N.:Frozen preservation of human malignant tumors transplanted into nude mice. Gann 68:121-123 (1977)

2) Engelholm, S. A., Brunner, N., Spang-Thomsen, M and Vindelv, L.:Genetic instability of human solid tumors grown in nude mice. In "lmmune-Deficient Animals. 4th Int. Workshop on Immune-Deficient Animals in Exp. Res. " pp. 339-344 (1984) , Karger, Basel.

3) Maruo, K, Endo, Y., Itoh, T., Takakura, A., Hioki, K., Iwai, H.:Cleaning of nude mouse passaged human malignant tumors contaminated by mouse hepatitis virus. Experimental Animals 31:47-50 (1982)

4) Riley, V., Lilly, F., Huerto, E and Bardell, D.:Transmissible agent associated with 26 types of experimental mouse neoplasms. Science 132:545-547 (1960)

5) Rowson, K. E. K and Mahy, B. W. J.:Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. J. Gen Virol. 66:2297-2312 (1985)

6) Michaelides, M. C. and Schlesinger, S.:Effect of acute or chronic infection with lactic dehydrogenase virus (LDV) on the susceptibility of mice to plasmacytoma MOPC-315. J. Immunol. 112:1560-1564 (1974)

7) Tamaoki, N:Pathology of human cancer xenografts in nude mice, an experimental approach to the pathology of tumor bearing individuals. Acta Societatis Pathologicae Japonicae 93:93-125 (1985)

8) Goldenberg, D. M. and Pavia, R A.:In vivo horizontal oncogenesis by human tumor in nude mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:2389-2392 (1982)

9) Yuasa, Y., Yamazaki, H., Maruo, K., Ueyama, Y., Shibuya, M. andl Tamaoki, N.:Alterations of mouse proto-oncogenes in sarcomas induced after transplantation of human tumors in athymic nude mice. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 81:333-339 (1990)

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1) Asano, S., Urabe, A., Okabe, T., Sato, N, Kondo, Y., Ueyama, Y., Chiba, S. and Kosaka, K.:Demonstration of granulopoietic factor(s) in the plasma of nude mice transplanted with a human lung cancer and in the tumor tissue. Blood 49:845-852 (1977)

2) Fojo, A. T., Whang-Peng, J., Gottesman, M. M. and Pastan, I.:Amplification of DNA sequences in human multi-drug resistant KB carcinoma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 82:8661-7665 (1985)

3) Chen, C-J., Chin, J. E, Ueda, K. et al.:Internal duplication and homology with bacterial transport proteins in the mdr 1 (P-giycoprotein) gene from multi-drug-resistant human cells. Cell 47:381-389 (1986)

4) Thiebaut, F, Tsuruo, T., Hamada, H., Gottesman, M. M., Pastan, I. and Willingham, M. C.:Immuno histochemical localization in normal tissue of different epitopes in the multidrug transport protein P170:Evidence for localization in brain capillaries and cross-reactivity of one antibody with a muscle protein. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 37:159-164 (1989)

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1) Ishii, S.:Introduction to Biological Statistics (1975) , Baifukan

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